CN112233838A - Special cable for intelligent monitoring for rail transit and production process thereof - Google Patents
Special cable for intelligent monitoring for rail transit and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112233838A CN112233838A CN202011167262.9A CN202011167262A CN112233838A CN 112233838 A CN112233838 A CN 112233838A CN 202011167262 A CN202011167262 A CN 202011167262A CN 112233838 A CN112233838 A CN 112233838A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/268—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light using optical fibres
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/02—Stranding-up
- H01B13/0207—Details; Auxiliary devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
- H01B13/26—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
- H01B7/1875—Multi-layer sheaths
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
- H01B7/1895—Internal space filling-up means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
- H01B7/22—Metal wires or tapes, e.g. made of steel
- H01B7/226—Helicoidally wound metal wires or tapes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/28—Protection against damage caused by moisture, corrosion, chemical attack or weather
- H01B7/2806—Protection against damage caused by corrosion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/292—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to heat
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
- H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
- H01B7/295—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to flame
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special cable for intelligent monitoring for rail transit and a production process thereof, wherein the cable structure comprises a cable core, a metal shielding layer, an inner sheath, a flame retardant tape, a metal armor layer, a wrapping tape and an outer sheath which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the metal shielding layer comprises two layers of semi-conductive wrapping tapes, detection optical fibers, shielding copper wires and semi-conductive fillers, wherein the detection optical fibers, the shielding copper wires and the semi-conductive fillers are arranged between the semi-conductive wrapping tapes and are distributed circumferentially; the detection optical fibers and the shielding copper wires are uniformly distributed along the periphery of the cable core respectively; the semi-conductive filling is distributed between the adjacent detection optical fibers and the shielding copper wires and between the adjacent shielding copper wires; the outer diameters of the shielding copper wire and the semi-conductive filling are larger than the outer diameter of the detection optical fiber. The invention can effectively avoid the damage of the optical fiber implanted in the cable and can reduce the cost of the cable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cables, in particular to a special cable for intelligent monitoring for rail transit and a production process thereof.
Background
The rail transit can effectively relieve traffic pressure and environmental pollution, and can drive local economic development, so the rail transit is the key point of future investment. The safety of the rail transit line operation is always the key point of attention of operation and maintenance companies, the manual patrol is high in working strength and cannot be monitored in real time, and serious personnel and property loss can be caused once an accident occurs.
The optical fiber has excellent electromagnetic interference resistance and low energy consumption, and can realize measurement of parameters such as local overheating, disturbance, partial discharge and the like of the cable through displacement change of light waves. However, the single-core cable has a small gap, and how to implant the optical fiber into the cable and ensure that the optical fiber is not damaged is always a major technical difficulty in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a special cable for intelligent monitoring for rail transit and a production process thereof, which can effectively avoid the damage of optical fibers implanted into the cable and can reduce the cost of the cable.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a special cable for intelligent monitoring for track traffic comprises a cable core, a metal shielding layer, an inner sheath, a flame retardant belt, a metal armor layer, a wrapping belt and an outer sheath which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the metal shielding layer comprises two layers of semi-conductive wrapping tapes, detection optical fibers, shielding copper wires and semi-conductive fillers, wherein the detection optical fibers, the shielding copper wires and the semi-conductive fillers are arranged between the semi-conductive wrapping tapes and are distributed circumferentially; the detection optical fibers and the shielding copper wires are uniformly distributed along the periphery of the cable core respectively; the semi-conductive filling is distributed between the adjacent detection optical fibers and the shielding copper wires and between the adjacent shielding copper wires; the outer diameters of the shielding copper wire and the semi-conductive filling are larger than the outer diameter of the detection optical fiber.
Furthermore, the cable core comprises a conductor layer, a conductor shielding layer, an insulation layer and an insulation shielding layer which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside.
Further, the conductor layer adopts a second type of tinned or non-tinned stranded conductor.
Further, the insulating material is cross-linked polyethylene XLPE or ethylene propylene rubber EPR.
Furthermore, the detection optical fiber adopts a stainless steel armored single-mode or multi-mode optical fiber unit.
Furthermore, the outer diameter of the detection optical fibers is controlled to be 1.8 +/-0.1 mm, the number of the detection optical fibers is 1-4, and the number of the optical fibers in each detection optical fiber is 2-24.
Furthermore, the shielding copper wire is an annealed soft copper wire.
Furthermore, the outer diameter of the shielding copper wire is controlled to be 2.0 +/-0.05 mm, the number of the shielding copper wires is not less than 8, and the specific number of the shielding copper wires is adaptive to the shielded short-circuit current. As shown in the following table:
further, the semiconductive fill includes a centrally disposed reinforcing core and a thermoplastic semiconductive material extruded over the reinforcing core.
Furthermore, the outer diameter of the semi-conductive filling is controlled to be 2.0 +/-0.5 mm, and the insulation resistivity of the semi-conductive material is less than or equal to 100 omega-m.
Furthermore, the reinforced core is made of aramid fibers or copper wires.
Further, the semi-conductive wrapping tape comprises a semi-conductive Teflon tape arranged on the inner layer and a semi-conductive nylon tape arranged on the outer layer.
Further, the metal armor layer is made of non-magnetic flat or round metal wires in a winding mode.
Further, the inner sheath is made of PE or low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material.
Further, the thickness of inner sheath is 1.0 ~ 3.0 mm.
Furthermore, the wrapping tape is made of glass fiber tape.
The production process of the intelligent monitoring special cable for rail transit comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: manufacturing a cable core; the conductor is stranded after wire drawing to be made into a conductor layer, and a conductor shielding layer, an insulation layer and an insulation shielding layer are extruded outside in a three-layer co-extrusion mode;
step two: manufacturing a metal shielding layer; wrapping a layer of semi-conductive wrapping tape outside the cable core, wherein the covering rate is 15-20%, then winding the detection optical fiber, the shielding copper wire and the semi-conductive filling on the semi-conductive wrapping tape on a special shielding machine for the cable at the same time, wherein the winding pitch diameter ratio is 10-16 times, the filling is round and compact, and then wrapping a layer of semi-conductive wrapping tape, wherein the covering rate is 15-20%;
step three: extruding an inner sheath outside the metal shielding layer, and winding and wrapping a layer of flame retardant belt;
step four: winding flat metal wires outside the flame-retardant belt to prepare a metal armor layer;
step five: and wrapping a wrapping tape outside the metal armor layer, and extruding an outer sheath outside the wrapping tape to manufacture the cable.
Further, in the fourth step, if the width of the flat wire is L, the thickness of the flat wire is H, and the core diameter of the flat wire is D, the number of the flat wires is N ═ INT (pi × (D + H) ÷ L). Wherein, the thickness of the flat metal wire is about 2.0mm, and the width is 2.5-4.0 mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the metal shielding layer can monitor the use state of the cable in real time by arranging the detection optical fiber; by arranging the shielding copper wire, electromagnetic interference can be effectively prevented, and a shielding effect of safety protection is achieved; semi-conductive filling is arranged between the detection optical fiber and the shielding copper wires, so that the shielding copper wires can be uniformly distributed outside the cable core, the electric field is uniformly distributed when the cable is electrified for use, and the conductivity among the copper wires is increased; the outer diameters of the shielding copper wire and the semi-conductive filling are larger than that of the detection optical fiber, so that the detection optical fiber is protected from being damaged during twisting, the detection optical fiber is not directly contacted with the copper wire with higher hardness but contacted with the softer semi-conductive filling, the buffering of the detection optical fiber is increased, and the detection optical fiber is prevented from being damaged; the shielding section of the existing intelligent monitoring cable for rail transit is generally 16-50 mm2When the semi-conductive filling is not available, more copper wires are added to ensure the balance of the power plant of the cable, and the shielding section is far more than 50mm2The shielding cost is high, and a part of copper wires are replaced by semi-conductive filling, so that a large amount of cost is saved.
(2) The detection optical fiber adopts the stainless steel armored optical fiber, so that the internal optical fiber unit is further protected from being damaged; in addition, the detection optical fiber adopts a single-mode or multi-mode optical fiber unit, can meet different use requirements, and has a wide use range.
(3) The semiconductive filling improves the overall strength of the semiconductive filling by arranging the reinforcing core arranged in the center, and the thermoplastic semiconductive material is extruded outside the reinforcing core, so that the semiconductive performance of the material is ensured, the processing and the forming are easier, and the mechanical property is good.
(4) The semi-conductive wrapping tape comprises a semi-conductive Teflon tape arranged on an inner layer and a semi-conductive nylon tape arranged on an outer layer, has the characteristics of high strength, excellent shielding performance and small resistance, and plays a good role in a cushion layer and shielding when used under a metal wire of a metal shielding layer; the semi-conductive nylon tape surface is smooth, around the roundness that can improve the metallic shield layer after the package, can prevent simultaneously that outer inner sheath from imbedding in the metallic shield layer when the extrusion.
(5) Compared with a metal armor layer wound by round metal wires, the metal armor layer is formed by winding nonmagnetic flat metal wires, the outer diameter of a cable core can be reduced by 1.0-1.5 mm, and outer sheath materials are saved; in addition, the number of the flat metal wires used for winding the wire cores with the same outer diameter is less than that of the round metal wires, so that the energy consumption of a wire drawing process is reduced.
(6) The inner sheath is made of PE or low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material, has good insulating effect, and improves the flame retardance of the cable.
(7) The wrapping tape adopts the glass fiber tape, has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, heat preservation, heat insulation, fire prevention, flame retardance, corrosion resistance, aging resistance, weather resistance, high strength, smooth appearance and the like, and further improves the overall performance of the cable.
(8) The production process of the invention adopts a special shielding machine for the cable, can reduce the corner when the detection optical fiber is twisted, provides certain buffer, and further protects the detection optical fiber from being damaged.
(9) The production process strictly controls the width and thickness ratio of the flat metal wire, can effectively prevent the flat metal wire from turning over during stranding, and improves the winding efficiency.
Drawings
In order that the present disclosure may be more readily and clearly understood, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the present disclosure taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the cable structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the special cable shielding machine of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the auger machine of the shielding machine for cables.
The reference numbers in the drawings are:
the cable comprises a cable core 1, a conductor layer 1-1, a conductor shielding layer 1-2, insulation 1-3, an insulation shielding layer 1-4, a metal shielding layer 2, a detection optical fiber 2-1, a shielding copper wire 2-2, semi-conductive filling 2-3, a semi-conductive Teflon tape 2-4, a semi-conductive nylon tape 2-5 inner sheath 3, a flame retardant tape 4, a metal armor layer 5, a tape 6, an outer sheath 7, a pay-off rack 8, a wire guide 9, a first wrapping machine 10, a twisting cage machine 11, a twisting cage 11-1, a motor 11-2, a wire guide 11-3, a wire divider 11-4, an arc-shaped wire guide head 11-5, a second wrapping machine 12, a meter counter 13, a tension machine 14 and a take-up rack 15.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
(example 1)
Referring to fig. 1, the special cable for intelligent monitoring for track traffic of this embodiment includes cable core 1, metal shielding layer 2, inner sheath 3, fire-retardant belt 4, metal armor layer 5, band 6 and oversheath 7 that set gradually from inside to outside. The inner sheath 3 adopts PE, has good insulating effect, has the thickness of 2.0mm, and tightly wraps the metal shielding layer 2. The flame-retardant belt 4 is a low-smoke halogen-free high-flame-retardant belt (OI is more than or equal to 70). The wrapping tape 6 is made of glass fiber tape, has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, heat preservation, insulation, fire prevention, flame retardance, corrosion resistance, aging resistance, weather resistance, high strength, smooth appearance and the like, and further improves the overall performance of the cable. . The outer sheath 7 is made of low-smoke halogen-free or low-smoke low-halogen material.
The cable core 1 comprises a conductor layer 1-1, a conductor shielding layer 1-2, an insulation layer 1-3 and an insulation shielding layer 1-4 which are arranged in sequence from inside to outside. The conductor layer 1-1 adopts a second type of tinned stranded conductor. The conductor shielding layer 1-2 adopts semiconductive cross-linked polyolefin inner shielding material. The material of the insulation 1-3 is cross-linked polyethylene XLPE. The insulation shielding layers 1-4 adopt semiconductive cross-linked polyolefin outer shielding materials.
The metal shielding layer 2 comprises two layers of semi-conductive wrapping tapes, detection optical fibers 2-1, shielding copper wires 2-2 and semi-conductive filling 2-3, wherein the detection optical fibers, the shielding copper wires 2-2 and the semi-conductive filling are arranged between the semi-conductive wrapping tapes and are distributed circumferentially. The semi-conductive tape comprises 2-4 semi-conductive Teflon tapes arranged on the inner layer and 2-5 semi-conductive Teflon tapes arranged on the outer layer, wherein the 2-4 semi-conductive Teflon tapes play a good role in bedding and shielding, the 2-5 semi-conductive nylon tapes are smooth in surface, the roundness of the metal shielding layer 2 can be improved after the semi-conductive Teflon tapes are wrapped, and meanwhile, the outer inner sheath 3 can be prevented from being embedded into the metal shielding layer 2 during extrusion. The detection optical fiber 2-1 adopts a stainless steel armored single-mode optical fiber unit and is uniformly distributed along the periphery of the cable core 1, and the stainless steel armor is adopted to further protect the internal optical fiber unit from being damaged. The outer diameter of the detection optical fiber 2-1 is controlled to be 1.8 +/-0.1 mm, the number of the detection optical fibers is 4, and the number of the optical fibers in each detection optical fiber is 20. The shielding copper wires 2-2 are annealed soft copper wires and are uniformly distributed along the periphery of the cable core, the outer diameter of the shielding copper wires 2-2 is controlled to be 2.0 +/-0.05 mm, and the number of the shielding copper wires is 16. The semi-conductive fillings 2-3 are distributed between the adjacent detection optical fiber 2-1 and the adjacent shielding copper wire 2-2 and between the adjacent shielding copper 23 wires, in the embodiment, one semi-conductive filling 2-3 is respectively arranged between the detection optical fiber 2-1 and the adjacent shielding copper wire 23, and three semi-conductive fillings 2-3 are respectively arranged between the rest adjacent shielding copper wires 2-2, and 56 semi-conductive fillings 2-3 are totally arranged. The outer diameters of the shielding copper wire 2-2 and the semi-conductive filling 2-3 are slightly larger than the outer diameter of the detection optical fiber 2-1. The outer diameter of the semi-conductive filling 2-3 is controlled to be 2.0 +/-0.5 mm, and the semi-conductive filling comprises a reinforcing core arranged in the center and a thermoplastic semi-conductive material extruded outside the reinforcing core, so that the semi-conductive performance of the material is ensured, the processing and forming are easier, and the mechanical property is good. The aramid fiber wires are adopted for the reinforcing core, the overall strength of the semiconductive filling material is improved by 2-3, the insulation resistivity of the semiconductive material is less than or equal to 100 omega-m, and the semiconductive material is a thermoplastic semiconductive shielding material.
The metal armor layer 5 is made by winding nonmagnetic flat metal wires, the number of the flat metal wires is N (INT (pi x (D + H) ÷ L), wherein L is the width of the flat metal wires, H is the thickness of the flat metal wires, D is the diameter of a wire core after the flame-retardant belt 4 is wound, the width and the thickness ratio of the flat metal wires are strictly controlled, the flat metal wires can be effectively prevented from turning over during twisting, and the winding efficiency is improved. Compared with the metal armor layer 5 wound by round metal wires, the outer diameter of a cable core can be reduced by 1.0-1.5 mm, and the material of the outer sheath 7 is saved; in addition, the number of the flat metal wires used for winding the wire cores with the same outer diameter is less than that of the round metal wires, so that the energy consumption of a wire drawing process is reduced. In this embodiment, the width L of the wire is about 3.0mm, the thickness H is about 2.0mm, the diameter D of the core is 32.5mm, and the number of flat wires is 36.
The production process of the special cable for intelligent monitoring for rail transit comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: manufacturing a cable core 1; the conductor is stranded to be made into a conductor layer 1-1 after wire drawing, and a conductor shielding layer 1-2, an insulation layer 1-3 and an insulation shielding layer 1-4 are extruded outside in a three-layer co-extrusion mode;
step two: manufacturing a metal shielding layer 2; wrapping a layer of semi-conductive Teflon tape 2-4 outside the cable core 1, wherein the covering rate is 18%, winding the detection optical fiber 2-1, the shielding copper wire 2-2 and the semi-conductive filling 2-3 on the semi-conductive Teflon tape 2-4 on a special shielding machine for the cable according to a designed structure, wherein the winding pitch ratio is 13 times, the filling is round and compact, wrapping a layer of semi-conductive nylon tape 2-5, and the covering rate is 18%;
specifically, the shielding machine special for cables shown in fig. 2 to 3 includes a pay-off rack 8, a wire guide 9, a first wrapping machine 10, a stranding cage machine 11, a stranding cage 11-1, a motor 11-2, a wire guide 11-3, a wire divider 11-4, an arc-shaped wire guide 11-5, a second wrapping machine 12, a meter counter 13, a tension machine 14, and a take-up rack 15.
The cable core 1 is arranged on a coiling tool and placed on a pay-off stand 8 of a special shielding machine for the cable, and the semi-conductive super-nylon tapes 2-4 are wound on the cable core 1 through a wire guide 9 and a first winding machine 10. The first wrapping machine 10 can adjust the wrapping angle and is linked with the paying-off speed.
And adjusting the wrapping speed according to the paying-off speed, respectively installing the disc tools provided with the detection optical fiber 2-1, the shielding copper wire 2-2 and the semi-conductive filling 2-3 on a stranding cage machine 11, wherein the stranding cage machine 11 can adjust the paying-off tension. Wherein the tension of the detection optical fiber 2-1 and the semi-conductive filling 2-3 is controlled to be 3-6N, preferably 4N, and the tension of the shielding copper wire 2-2 is controlled to be 8-15N, preferably 12N. Specifically, the disc provided with the detection optical fiber 2-1, the shielding copper wire 2-2 and the semi-conductive filling 2-3 is respectively arranged on a stranding cage 11-1 of an auger machine 14, wherein the disc provided with the detection optical fiber 2-1 is arranged at a position close to a motor 11-2, so that the paying-off length is reduced, and the detection optical fiber 2-1 is prevented from being damaged due to excessive contact with other positions. The detection optical fiber 2-1 enters the wire guide 11-3 through a guide wheel and a wire passing nozzle on the motor 11-2, and the wire passing nozzle and the wire guide wheel on the nylon wire guide 11-3 are both made of nylon materials, so that the detection optical fiber 2-1 is prevented from being damaged. The detection optical fiber 2-1, the shielding copper wire 2-2 and the semi-conductive filling 2-3 respectively pass through the wire divider 11-4 according to a set structural sequence, then enter the die through the arc-shaped lead 11-5, and damage caused by overlarge bending angles before the detection optical fiber 2-1, the shielding copper wire 2-2 and the semi-conductive filling 2-3 enter the die is prevented by arranging the arc-shaped lead 11-5.
And winding the detection optical fiber 2-1, the shielding copper wire 2-2 and the semi-conductive filling 2-3 on the wire core wrapped with the semi-conductive super-nylon tape 2-4 through a die. And then the semi-conductive nylon belt 2-5 is wrapped outside the shielding layer by a second wrapping machine 12. The wire core is drawn by a tension machine 14 and is wound on a winding disc through a winding frame 15 after being measured by a meter counter 13.
Step three: extruding and molding an inner sheath 3 outside the metal shielding layer 2, and winding and wrapping a layer of flame retardant belt 4;
step four: winding flat metal wires outside the flame-retardant belt 4 to prepare a metal armor layer 5;
step five: and a wrapping tape 6 is wound outside the metal armor layer 5, the wrapping tape 6 is a glass fiber tape, and an outer sheath 7 is extruded outside the wrapping tape 6 to manufacture the cable.
In the embodiment, the metal shielding layer 2 can monitor the use state of the cable in real time by arranging the detection optical fiber 2-1; by arranging the shielding copper wire 2-2, electromagnetic interference can be effectively prevented, and a shielding effect of safety protection is achieved; semi-conductive fillers 2-3 are arranged between the detection optical fiber 2-1 and the shielding copper wires 2-2 and between the adjacent shielding copper wires 2-2, so that the shielding copper wires 2-2 can be uniformly distributed outside the cable core 1, the electric field is uniformly distributed when the cable core is electrified for use, and the conductivity among the copper wires is increased; the outer diameters of the shielding copper wire 2-2 and the semi-conductive filling 2-3 are larger than the outer diameter of the detection optical fiber 2-1, the detection optical fiber 2-1 is protected from being damaged during twisting, and the detection optical fiber 2-1 is not directly contacted with the copper wire with larger hardness but is contacted with the softer copper wireThe semi-conductive filling 22 is contacted, so that the buffer of the detection optical fiber 2-1 is increased, and the detection optical fiber 2-1 is prevented from being damaged; the shielding section of the existing intelligent monitoring cable for rail transit is generally 16-50 mm2When the semi-conductive filling is not used for 2-3, more copper wires are added to ensure the balance of a power plant of the cable, and the shielding section is far more than 50mm2The shielding cost is high, and a large amount of cost is saved by replacing part of copper wires with semi-conductive filling 2-3.
In addition, the production process of the embodiment adopts a special shielding machine for the cable, so that the rotation angle of the detection optical fiber 2-1 during twisting can be reduced, a certain buffer is provided, and the detection optical fiber is further protected from being damaged.
(example 2)
The special cable for intelligent monitoring for rail transit of the present embodiment is basically the same as that of embodiment 1, except that: the conductor layer 1-1 adopts a second type of non-tinned stranded conductor; the insulation 1-3 is made of ethylene propylene rubber EPR; the detection optical fiber 2-1 adopts a stainless steel armored multimode optical fiber unit; the inner sheath 3 is made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material, so that the flame retardance of the cable is improved; the reinforcing core of the semi-conductive filling 2-3 is made of copper wires, so that different use requirements are met, and the application range is wide.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a track traffic is with special cable for intelligent monitoring which characterized in that: the cable comprises a cable core (1), a metal shielding layer (2), an inner sheath (3), a flame-retardant belt (4), a metal armor layer (5), a belting (6) and an outer sheath (7) which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside; the metal shielding layer (2) comprises two layers of semi-conductive wrapping tapes, detection optical fibers (2-1), shielding copper wires (2-2) and semi-conductive filling (2-3), wherein the detection optical fibers (2-1), the shielding copper wires (2-2) and the semi-conductive filling are arranged between the semi-conductive wrapping tapes and distributed in a circumferential manner; the detection optical fibers (2-1) and the shielding copper wires (2-2) are uniformly distributed along the periphery of the cable core (1) respectively; the semi-conductive filling (2-3) is distributed between the adjacent detection optical fiber (2-1) and the shielding copper wire (2-2) and between the adjacent shielding copper wires (2-2); the outer diameters of the shielding copper wire (2-2) and the semi-conductive filling (2-3) are larger than the outer diameter of the detection optical fiber (2-1).
2. The special cable for intelligent monitoring of rail transit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cable core (1) comprises a conductor layer (1-1), a conductor shielding layer (1-2), an insulator (1-3) and an insulation shielding layer (1-4) which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside.
3. The special cable for intelligent monitoring of rail transit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the detection optical fiber (2-1) adopts a stainless steel armored single-mode or multi-mode optical fiber unit.
4. The special cable for intelligent monitoring of rail transit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the semiconductive filling (2-3) comprises a centrally located reinforcing core and a thermoplastic semiconductive material extruded outside the reinforcing core.
5. The special cable for intelligent monitoring of rail transit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the semi-conductive wrapping tape comprises a semi-conductive Teflon tape (2-4) arranged on an inner layer and a semi-conductive nylon tape (2-5) arranged on an outer layer.
6. The special cable for intelligent monitoring of rail transit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the metal armor layer (5) is formed by winding non-magnetic flat or round metal wires.
7. The special cable for intelligent monitoring of rail transit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner sheath (3) is made of PE or low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material.
8. The special cable for intelligent monitoring of rail transit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the wrapping tape (6) is a glass fiber tape.
9. A production process of a special cable for intelligent monitoring for rail transit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: manufacturing a cable core (1); the conductor is stranded after wire drawing to form a conductor layer (1-1), and a conductor shielding layer (1-2), an insulator (1-3) and an insulation shielding layer (1-4) are extruded outside in a three-layer co-extrusion mode;
step two: manufacturing a metal shielding layer (2); the method comprises the steps of winding a layer of semi-conductive wrapping tape outside a cable core (1), wherein the covering rate is 15-20%, winding a detection optical fiber (2-1), a shielding copper wire (2-2) and semi-conductive filling (2-3) on the semi-conductive wrapping tape on a special shielding machine for the cable at the same time, wherein the winding pitch diameter ratio is 10-16 times, the filling is round and compact, then winding a layer of semi-conductive wrapping tape, and the covering rate is 15-20%;
step three: an inner sheath (3) is extruded outside the metal shielding layer (2), and a layer of flame retardant belt (4) is wound;
step four: winding flat metal wires outside the flame-retardant belt (4) to prepare a metal armor layer (5);
step five: and a wrapping tape (6) is wound outside the metal armor layer (5), and an outer sheath (7) is extruded outside the wrapping tape (6) to manufacture the cable.
10. The production process of the special cable for intelligent monitoring for rail transit, according to claim 9, is characterized in that: in the fourth step, the width of the flat metal wire is L, the thickness of the flat metal wire is H, the diameter of the wire core is D, and the number of the flat metal wires is N ═ INT (pi × (D + H) ÷ L).
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| CN202011167262.9A CN112233838B (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2020-10-27 | Special cable for intelligent monitoring for rail transit and production process thereof |
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| CN112233838B CN112233838B (en) | 2024-08-06 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114758829A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-07-15 | 远东电缆有限公司 | High-cold-resistance special-shaped armored medium-voltage cable and preparation method thereof |
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| CN112233838B (en) | 2024-08-06 |
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