CN112223876B - Composite sheet and composite sheet production system - Google Patents

Composite sheet and composite sheet production system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112223876B
CN112223876B CN202010916612.0A CN202010916612A CN112223876B CN 112223876 B CN112223876 B CN 112223876B CN 202010916612 A CN202010916612 A CN 202010916612A CN 112223876 B CN112223876 B CN 112223876B
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resin
layer
interface
solubility parameter
composite sheet
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CN112223876A (en
Inventor
樊平燕
尹相轻
石清云
吴海深
于惠博
李颖
张纪凯
胡兆勇
吉朋建
姜淮
王乐宝
时玉娇
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Qingdao Zhongji Winning Composite Technology Co ltd
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Qingdao Zhongji Winning Composite Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/08—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the cooling method
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/04—Punching, slitting or perforating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
    • B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
    • B32B2037/1215—Hot-melt adhesive
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/04—Punching, slitting or perforating
    • B32B2038/045—Slitting

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite sheet material, which comprises a base layer, an interface layer and a coating layer. The basic layer is constructed by a structure of composite matrix resin and continuous fiber. The interface layer is positioned above the base layer, the interface layer is connected with the base layer in a hot melting mode, the material forming the interface layer at least comprises interface resin, the interface resin is at least positioned on the upper surface of the interface layer, and the solubility parameter of the interface resin is larger than that of the matrix resin. The coating layer is arranged above the interface layer, the coating layer is coated on the interface layer, the solubility parameter of the coating layer is larger than that of the matrix resin, and the solubility parameter of the coating layer is matched with that of the interface resin, so that the coating layer can be attached to the interface layer. According to the composite sheet, the coating layer can be firmly attached to the interface layer and is not easy to fall off, so that the surface smoothness and the surface hardness of the composite sheet are improved, and the impact resistance is improved; and the coating layer forms the protection of the composite sheet, can resist ultraviolet rays, improves ageing resistance and the like.

Description

Composite sheet and composite sheet production system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite materials, in particular to a composite sheet and a composite sheet production system.
Background
Composite materials formed by mixing physical properties of fibers with different resins have been widely used in daily life due to their excellent properties.
With the rise of the thermoplastic composite industry in recent years, new products of thermoplastic composites are increasing. The demands of the market on impact strength, mechanical comprehensive performance, light weight, environmental protection, recyclability and the like of fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite products are also increasing.
However, many problems such as poor appearance, poor impact resistance, and poor weather resistance of the composite surface have not been solved for a long time. Moreover, the low solubility parameter and low polarity of the composite material surface further limit the improvement of the problems because the composite material surface cannot be firmly bonded with paint, coating and various glues.
Accordingly, there is a need for a composite sheet and a composite sheet production system that at least partially address the above issues.
Disclosure of Invention
In the summary, a series of concepts in a simplified form are introduced, which will be further described in detail in the detailed description. The summary of the invention is not intended to define the key features and essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.
To at least partially solve the above problems, the present invention provides a composite sheet comprising:
a base layer constructed in a structure in which a matrix resin and continuous fibers are combined;
the interface layer is positioned above the base layer, the interface layer is connected with the base layer in a hot melting mode, the material forming the interface layer at least comprises interface resin, the interface resin is positioned on the upper surface of the interface layer, and the solubility parameter of the interface resin is larger than that of the matrix resin; and
and the coating layer is positioned above the interface layer, the coating layer is coated on the upper surface of the interface layer, the solubility parameter of the material constituting the coating layer is larger than that of the matrix resin, and the solubility parameter of the material constituting the coating layer is matched with that of the interface resin so that the coating layer can be attached on the interface layer.
According to the composite sheet, the coating layer can be firmly attached to the interface layer and is not easy to fall off, so that the surface smoothness and the surface hardness of the composite sheet are improved, and the impact resistance is improved; and the coating layer forms the protection of the composite sheet, can resist ultraviolet rays, improves ageing resistance and the like.
Further, the interface layer is integrally formed, and the interface layer is constructed as an interface resin reinforced non-woven fabric layer.
Further, the interface layer is integrally formed, the interface layer is configured to have at least a two-layer structure, and the interface layer at least comprises:
a base layer, the base layer being connected to the base layer, the base layer being made of a material comprising at least a base layer resin, the base layer resin having a solubility parameter greater than or equal to a solubility parameter of the matrix resin;
a connection layer located above the bottom layer, the material constituting the connection layer including at least the interface resin, the coating layer being applied to the connection layer;
wherein the solubility parameter of the primer resin is less than the solubility parameter of the interface resin.
Further, the interface layer further includes an intermediate layer, the intermediate layer is located between the bottom layer and the connection layer, the material constituting the intermediate layer includes at least an intermediate resin, the solubility parameter of the intermediate resin is greater than the solubility parameter of the bottom layer resin, and the solubility parameter of the interface resin is greater than the solubility parameter of the intermediate resin.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the solubility parameter of the matrix resin is less than or equal to 18;
the interfacial resin has a solubility parameter greater than or equal to 20.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the solubility parameter of the primer resin is less than or equal to 20.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the solubility parameter of the primer is less than or equal to 18.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the intermediate resin has a solubility parameter of less than or equal to 20 and greater than 18.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the matrix resin is selected from at least one of PP and PE;
the interface resin is selected from at least one of PU, PA and PET;
the bottom layer resin is selected from at least one of EVA, PP, PE and PA;
the intermediate resin is selected from at least one of EVA, PP, PE and PA.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the polarity of the matrix resin is less than the polarity of the interface resin;
the relative dielectric constant of the matrix resin is less than or equal to 2.3;
the interfacial resin has a relative dielectric constant of greater than or equal to 2.9.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the polarity of the bottom layer resin is greater than or equal to that of the matrix resin;
the polarity of the primer resin is less than the polarity of the interface resin;
the relative dielectric constant of the underlayer resin is less than 2.9.
Further, the method comprises the steps of,
the polarity of the bottom resin is less than the polarity of the intermediate resin;
the interfacial resin has a polarity greater than the polarity of the intermediate resin;
the relative dielectric constant of the intermediate resin is greater than 2.3 and less than or equal to 2.9.
Further, the base layer is formed by compounding at least two layers of fiber reinforced resin composite belt layers, and the fiber trend in the adjacent two layers of fiber reinforced resin composite belt layers is angled.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a composite sheet production system for producing the composite sheet described in the first aspect, comprising:
a base layer supply device including at least two fiber reinforced resin composite tape unreeling frames for providing a fiber reinforced resin composite tape, two or more layers of the fiber reinforced resin composite tape being configured as the base layer of the composite sheet;
the interface layer laminating device comprises at least one interface layer unreeling frame and is used for covering the interface layer on the upper surface of the base layer;
the composite device is used for hot-pressing more than two layers of fiber reinforced resin composite belts and the interface layer together, and cooling and shaping the fiber reinforced resin composite belts and the interface layer into sheets;
a coating device for coating a coating material on the upper surface of the sheet; and
and the curing device is used for curing and forming the paint on the sheet to form the paint layer, so that the composite sheet is obtained.
According to the composite sheet production system, a coating layer can be adhered to the surface of a base layer, and the adhesion is firm, so that the protection of the composite sheet is formed, and the impact resistance, the ageing resistance and the decoration of the composite sheet are improved; the composite sheet production system can be used for automatic production, and is low in production cost and high in production efficiency.
Drawings
The following drawings are included to provide an understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention and their description to explain the principles of the invention.
In the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a composite sheet according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a composite sheet according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of a composite sheet according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a base layer of a first embodiment of a composite sheet according to the present invention; and
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a composite sheet production system according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
100/200/300: composite sheet 110: base layer
111: fiber reinforced resin composite tape layer 120/220/320: interfacial layer
221/321: bottom layer 222/322: connection layer
323: intermediate layer 130: paint layer
500: composite sheet production system 510: base layer supply device
511: fiber reinforced resin composite tape unreeling rack 520: interfacial layer laminating device
521: interface layer unwind stand 530: composite device
540: coating apparatus 550: curing device
551: drying tunnel 560: traction device
570: cutting device 580: winding device
581: winding frame 590: guiding device
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the invention may be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, well-known features have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the invention.
In the following description, a detailed description will be given for the purpose of thoroughly understanding the present invention. It will be apparent that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without limitation to the specific details that are familiar to those skilled in the art. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, however, the present invention may have other embodiments in addition to these detailed descriptions.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only and are not limiting.
Exemplary embodiments according to the present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These exemplary embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. It should be appreciated that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of these exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art.
A first aspect of the present invention relates to a composite sheet 100 having three preferred embodiments, a first embodiment as shown in fig. 1, a second embodiment as described in fig. 2, and a third embodiment as shown in fig. 3. Embodiments of the composite sheet 100 of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First embodiment
Referring to fig. 1, the composite sheet 100 is divided into a base layer 110, an interface layer 120, and a paint layer 130 from bottom to top. Wherein the base layer 110 is constructed in a structure in which a matrix resin and continuous fibers are combined. Specifically, the base layer 110 is formed by compounding at least two fiber-reinforced resin composite tape layers 111 (fiber-reinforced resin composite tapes), or at least two fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin composite tapes. And, the fiber orientation in the adjacent two fiber-reinforced resin composite tape layers 111 is angled, such as 30 °, 45 °, 60 °, or the like. Preferably, the fibers in the adjacent two fiber reinforced resin composite tape layers 111 run vertically. As shown in fig. 4, the base layer 110 is composed of four fiber reinforced resin composite tape layers 111, and the fiber orientation angle of the adjacent two layers is 90 °.
The fibers can be glass fibers, aramid fibers, carbon fibers, basalt fibers or the like. The fiber-reinforced resin composite tape may be a fiber mat or a fiber cloth which is completely impregnated with a thermoplastic resin. Wherein the fiber content (weight ratio) is 40% -70%.
The interface layer 120 is positioned above the base layer 110, and the interface layer 120 is connected with the base layer 110 by a thermal fusion method. Illustratively, the interface layer 120 may be a film that is coated on the base layer 110, and is bonded to the base layer 110 by the action of heat and pressure. The material comprising the interface layer 120 includes at least an interface resin, the interface resin is at least on an upper surface of the interface layer 120, and a solubility parameter of the interface resin is greater than a solubility parameter of the matrix resin. Preferably, the interfacial resin has a polarity greater than the polarity of the matrix resin. For example, the matrix resin may be a nonpolar material, and the interface resin may be a polar material (e.g., a weak polar material and a strong polar material).
The paint layer 130 is positioned above the interface layer 120 and may be coated on the upper surface of the interface layer 120 by spraying or rolling paint. For example, a coating having a relatively high polarity such as an acrylic coating, an epoxy coating, or a polyurethane coating can be used.
Since the solubility parameter of the material constituting the paint layer 130 is greater than that of the matrix resin, the paint is not easily bonded to the matrix resin (molecules of the paint are difficult to penetrate into the matrix resin, and are difficult to be mutually dissolved). The material composition of the interface resin is thus designed such that its solubility parameter is compatible with the solubility parameter of the material comprising the paint layer 130, whereby paint molecules can diffuse into the interface resin so that the paint can be firmly bonded to the interface layer 120. And the coatings with different colors can be regulated according to actual needs, so that different appearance requirements are realized.
Wherein the solubility parameter of the matrix resin is less than or equal to 18. Preferably, the solubility parameter of the matrix resin is less than or equal to 17.3. For example, the matrix resin may be at least one of PP (Polypropylene) and PE (Polyethylene), wherein the PP has a solubility parameter of about 16.3 to 17.3 and the PE has a solubility parameter of about 16.1 to 16.5.
And the interfacial resin has a solubility parameter greater than or equal to 20. Preferably, the interfacial resin has a solubility parameter greater than or equal to 20.4. More preferably, the interfacial resin has a solubility parameter greater than or equal to 21.84. The interface resin may be one or more selected from PU (Polyurethane), PA (Polyamide), PET (Polyethylene terephthalate ), etc.
Wherein the solubility parameter of the PA is about 25-28, such as the solubility parameter of nylon 66 is 27.8, the solubility parameter of nylon 8 is 25.9, the solubility parameter of nylon 6 is 27.6, etc. The solubility parameter of PU was 20.4. The solubility parameter of PET was 21.84. So long as the solubility parameter of the final interface resin is greater than the solubility parameter of the matrix resin.
In another explanation, the coating layer 130 is not easily attached to the base layer 110 because the polarity of the coating is higher and greater than the polarity of the matrix resin.
For this reason, in a further preferred embodiment, referring to the similar principle of miscibility, the material composition of the interface resin is designed such that its polarity is adapted to the polarity of the material constituting the paint layer 130, i.e., such that the polarity of the interface resin is greater than the polarity of the matrix resin, so that the paint layer 130 can be attached to the interface layer 120. For example, the matrix resin may be a nonpolar material, and the interface resin may be a polar material (or a weakly polar material).
Generally, the relative permittivity has a certain positive correlation with polarity. Therefore, the polarity of the interface resin being greater than the polarity of the matrix resin may also be expressed as the relative permittivity of the interface resin being greater than the relative permittivity of the matrix resin.
The relative dielectric constant of the matrix resin is preferably 2.3 or less. For example, the matrix resin may be at least one of a nonpolar material PP and PE, wherein the relative dielectric constant of PP is about 2.3 and the relative dielectric constant of PE is about 2.3.
The interfacial resin has a relative dielectric constant of 2.9 or greater. The interfacial resin may be selected from one or more of polar materials such as PU, PA and PET, wherein the relative dielectric constant of PA is above about 2.9, the relative dielectric constant of PU is about 3.5-4.3, and the relative dielectric constant of PET is about 3-4. As long as the relative dielectric constant of the finally obtained interface resin is larger than that of the matrix resin, or the polarity of the interface resin is larger than that of the matrix resin.
According to the composite sheet 100 of the present invention, the paint layer 130 can be firmly attached to the interface layer 120, and is not easy to fall off, so that the surface finish and the surface hardness of the composite sheet 100 are improved, and the impact resistance is improved; and the paint layer 130 forms protection for the composite sheet 100, is resistant to ultraviolet rays, improves aging resistance, and the like.
In this embodiment, the interface layer 120 is preferably integrally formed and is configured as an interface resin reinforced nonwoven fabric layer. That is, an interface resin is attached to the surface of the nonwoven fabric. After the interface layer 120 is hot pressed against the base layer 110, the matrix resin is heated and melted to form a physical engagement or mechanical engagement with the nonwoven fabric, and the interface resin is also melted and infiltrated into the nonwoven fabric to form a firm connection. The coating 130 is then firmly attached to the interfacial layer 120 by diffusion and permeation under intermolecular forces. Illustratively, in this embodiment, PET is used as the interface resin.
Second embodiment
Referring to fig. 2, the composite sheet 200 of the second embodiment of the present invention is also divided into a base layer 210, an interface layer 220, and a paint layer 230 from bottom to top. Which differs from the first embodiment in that:
the interface layer 220 is constructed to have a two-layer structure and is constructed to be integrally formed. Illustratively, the interface layer 220 may be a coextruded film.
Specifically, the interface layer 220 is composed of a bottom layer 221 and a connection layer 222 from bottom to top. Wherein the primer layer 221 is coupled to the base layer 210 and the coupling layer 222 is coupled to the paint layer 230.
The primer layer 221 contains a primer resin having a solubility parameter greater than or equal to the solubility parameter of the matrix resin. The tie layer 222 contains an interface resin therein, and the solubility parameter of the underlying resin is less than the solubility parameter of the interface resin. Whereby the coating layer 230 can be applied to the connection layer 222 and is firmly connected.
Preferably, the solubility parameter of the primer resin is adapted to the solubility parameter of the matrix resin, i.e. the solubility parameter of the primer resin is similar to the solubility parameter of the matrix resin. More preferably, the solubility parameter of the primer resin is equal to the solubility parameter of the matrix resin. So that molecules of the underlying resin can diffuse into the matrix resin. That is, the base layer 221 is enabled to be joined with the base layer 210 by means of heat fusion.
Wherein the solubility parameter of the primer resin is less than or equal to 20. Preferably, the solubility parameter of the primer is less than or equal to 17.3. Illustratively, the primer may be one or a mixture of several of EVA (Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer ), PP, PE and PA. Wherein the EVA has a solubility parameter of about 18-21, the PP has a solubility parameter of about 16.3-17.3, the PE has a solubility parameter of about 16.1-16.5, and the PA has a solubility parameter of about 25-28. So long as the solubility parameter of the resulting primer resin is less than the solubility parameter of the interfacial resin.
In a further preferred embodiment, it is also desirable that the polarity of the primer resin is compatible with the polarity of the matrix resin, i.e., the polarity of the primer resin is similar to the polarity of the matrix resin to achieve similar miscibility.
Also, the polarity of the primer resin needs to be less than the polarity of the interface resin. Or the relative permittivity of the underlying resin needs to be less than that of the interfacial resin. Preferably, the relative dielectric constant of the underlayer resin is less than 2.9. Illustratively, the primer resin may be one or a mixture of several of a weak polar material EVA, a nonpolar material PP, a nonpolar material PE, and a polar material PA. Wherein EVA has a relative dielectric constant of about 2.5-3, PP has a relative dielectric constant of about 2.3, PE has a relative dielectric constant of about 2.3, and PA has a relative dielectric constant of about 2.9 or more. So long as the relative permittivity of the resulting underlayer resin needs to be less than the relative permittivity of the interface resin.
Third embodiment
Fig. 3 shows a composite sheet 300 of a third embodiment of the present invention, which differs from the second embodiment in that:
the interfacial layer 320 is constructed to have an integrally formed three-layer structure, such as a co-extruded film. Which is a bottom layer 321, an intermediate layer 323 and a connecting layer 322 in this order from bottom to top. Wherein the bottom layer 321 is connected to the base layer 310, the connection layer 322 is connected to the paint layer 330, and the middle layer 323 is located between the bottom layer 321 and the connection layer 322.
The material comprising the intermediate layer 323 includes at least an intermediate resin having a solubility parameter greater than that of the base layer 321 resin and an interface resin having a solubility parameter greater than that of the intermediate resin. Therefore, under the action of hot melting, molecules of the bottom layer resin can diffuse and permeate into the matrix resin, molecules of the intermediate resin can diffuse and permeate into the bottom layer resin, and molecules of the interface resin can diffuse and permeate into the intermediate resin, so that firm connection is formed in sequence. Preferably, the solubility parameter of the intermediate resin is less than or equal to 20 and greater than 18.
The intermediate resin may be selected from at least one of EVA, PP, PE and PA as long as the above-described conditions for solubility parameters are satisfied. So that the intermediate layer 323 becomes the transition between the bottom layer 321 and the connection layer 322.
Illustratively, in this embodiment, the primer resin may be PP or PE or a mixture of both; the intermediate resin may be EVA; the interfacial resin may be PET.
In a further preferred embodiment, it is also desirable that the relative permittivity of the underlying resin is less than the relative permittivity of the intermediate resin, and that the relative permittivity of the interfacial resin is greater than the relative permittivity of the intermediate resin. Preferably, the relative dielectric constant of the intermediate resin is greater than 2.3 and less than or equal to 2.9. For example, the intermediate resin may be selected from at least one of EVA, PP, PE and PA as long as the above-described conditions regarding polarity or relative permittivity are satisfied.
Fig. 5 shows a composite sheet production system 500 of the second aspect of the invention for producing the composite sheet of the first aspect described above.
The composite sheet production system 500 includes a base layer supply device 510, an interface layer lamination device 520, a composite device 530, a coating device 540, and a curing device 550.
Specifically, the base layer supply 510 is configured as a plurality of fiber-reinforced resin composite tape unwind stands 511, five in the illustrated embodiment, four of which provide fiber-reinforced resin composite tape to the composite sheet production system 500 to form a base layer with vertical fiber orientation, the last one ready for use.
The interface layer coating device 520 is located downstream of the substrate supply device 510 and is configured as a stand-by two interface layer unwind stand 521 for coating the upper surface of the substrate with the interface layer.
The fiber reinforced resin composite tape unreeling frame 511 and the interface layer unreeling frame 521 may be inflatable unreeling shafts. And, the base layer feeding device 510 and the interface layer laminating device 520 are equipped with a lateral fine adjustment mechanism and a tension control mechanism to correct the left and right of the released web and control the tension.
The compounding device 530 is located downstream of the interfacial layer laminating device 520, and is configured to heat-press two or more layers of the fiber-reinforced resin composite tape layer and the interfacial layer together and cool and shape the two or more layers into a sheet. The compounding device 530 includes a heating section, a roll section, and a cooling shaping section. The heating section heats the multi-layer fiber reinforced resin composite tape layer (or base layer) and the interface layer to a molten state through electric heating or oil heating, presses the multi-layer material into a whole through rolling section pressing, and then cools and forms the multi-layer fiber reinforced resin composite tape layer (or base layer) through cooling and shaping sections by an external refrigerating unit so as to compound the interface layer on the surface of the base layer.
A coating device 540 is located downstream of the compounding device 530 for applying a coating to the upper surface of the sheet. The structure is that a plurality of groups of spray heads or resin tanks and a glue dipping roller are adopted, and the coating is uniformly sprayed or roller-coated on the interface layer through the spray heads or the glue dipping roller.
A curing device 550 is located downstream of the coating device 540 for curing the coating material on the sheet to form a coating layer, thereby obtaining the composite sheet 100. The curing apparatus 550 is preferably configured as a heating oven having a drying tunnel 551 inside, the drying tunnel 551 being heated to a temperature through which the coated sheet is dried and cured.
The composite sheet production system 500 also includes a trimming device 570 downstream of the curing device 550 to trim the composite sheet. Downstream of the cutting device 570, a winding device 580 configured as a double-station winding frame 581 is provided, which bundles the composite sheet cut into a predetermined specification into a roll shape.
Further, a guide 590 for flattening and carding the tape supplied from the four fiber reinforced resin composite tape unreeling frames 511 is provided between the base layer supplying device 510 and the compounding device 530.
Traction devices 560 are arranged between the compounding device 530 and the coating device 540 and between the curing device 550 and the cutting device 570, each is provided with an upper group of rubber rollers and a lower group of rubber rollers, the upper rollers are pushed and pressed by an air cylinder, and the lower rollers carry active power. The tractor of the tractor unit 560 has a speed differential with the host machine in the compound unit 530, specifically, the speed of the tractor is slightly greater than the speed of the host machine to tension the sheet material for the subsequent cutting process.
According to the composite sheet production system 500, a coating layer can be adhered on the surface of a base layer, and the adhesion is firm, so that the protection of the composite sheet is formed, and the impact resistance, the ageing resistance and the decoration of the composite sheet are improved; and the composite sheet production system 500 of the invention can perform automatic production, and has low production cost and high production efficiency.
Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular implementations only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Features described herein in one embodiment may be applied to another embodiment alone or in combination with other features unless the features are not applicable or otherwise indicated in the other embodiment.
The present invention has been illustrated by the above-described embodiments, but it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are for purposes of illustration and description only and are not intended to limit the invention to the embodiments described. In addition, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that many variations and modifications are possible in light of the teachings of the invention, which variations and modifications are within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (11)

1. A composite sheet material, comprising:
a base layer constructed in a structure in which a matrix resin and continuous fibers are combined;
the interface layer is positioned above the base layer, the interface layer is connected with the base layer in a hot melting mode, the material forming the interface layer at least comprises interface resin, the interface resin is positioned on the upper surface of the interface layer, and the solubility parameter of the interface resin is larger than that of the matrix resin; and
a paint layer over the interface layer, the paint layer being applied to an upper surface of the interface layer, a solubility parameter of a material constituting the paint layer being greater than a solubility parameter of the matrix resin, and the solubility parameter of the material constituting the paint layer being adapted to the solubility parameter of the interface resin so that the paint layer can be attached to the interface layer, wherein,
the interface layer is integrated into one piece, the interface layer is constructed to have two-layer structure at least, the interface layer includes at least:
a base layer, the base layer being connected to the base layer, the base layer being made of a material comprising at least a base layer resin, the base layer resin having a solubility parameter greater than or equal to a solubility parameter of the matrix resin;
a connection layer located above the bottom layer, the material constituting the connection layer including at least the interface resin, the coating layer being applied to the connection layer;
wherein the solubility parameter of the primer resin is less than the solubility parameter of the interface resin.
2. The composite sheet of claim 1 wherein the interface layer further comprises an intermediate layer between the base layer and the tie layer, the material comprising the intermediate layer comprising at least an intermediate resin having a solubility parameter greater than the solubility parameter of the base layer resin and the interface resin having a solubility parameter greater than the solubility parameter of the intermediate resin.
3. The composite sheet according to any one of claim 1 to 2, wherein,
the solubility parameter of the matrix resin is less than or equal to 18;
the interfacial resin has a solubility parameter greater than or equal to 20.
4. The composite sheet according to any one of claim 1 to 2, wherein,
the solubility parameter of the primer resin is less than or equal to 20.
5. The composite sheet according to claim 4, wherein,
the solubility parameter of the primer is less than or equal to 18.
6. The composite sheet according to claim 2, wherein,
the intermediate resin has a solubility parameter of less than or equal to 20 and greater than 18.
7. The composite sheet according to claim 2, wherein,
the matrix resin is selected from at least one of PP and PE;
the interface resin is selected from at least one of PU, PA and PET;
the bottom layer resin is selected from at least one of EVA, PP, PE and PA;
the intermediate resin is selected from at least one of EVA, PP, PE and PA.
8. The composite sheet according to claim 3, wherein,
the polarity of the matrix resin is less than the polarity of the interface resin;
the relative dielectric constant of the matrix resin is less than or equal to 2.3;
the interfacial resin has a relative dielectric constant of greater than or equal to 2.9.
9. The composite sheet according to claim 4, wherein,
the polarity of the bottom layer resin is greater than or equal to that of the matrix resin;
the polarity of the primer resin is less than the polarity of the interface resin;
the relative dielectric constant of the underlayer resin is less than 2.9.
10. The composite sheet according to claim 6, wherein,
the polarity of the bottom resin is less than the polarity of the intermediate resin;
the interfacial resin has a polarity greater than the polarity of the intermediate resin;
the relative dielectric constant of the intermediate resin is greater than 2.3 and less than or equal to 2.9.
11. The composite sheet of claim 1 wherein the base layer is compounded from at least two layers of fiber reinforced resin composite tape, the fibers in adjacent two layers of fiber reinforced resin composite tape being oriented at an angle.
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CN116945733A (en) * 2023-07-12 2023-10-27 青岛中集创赢复合材料科技有限公司 Composite board for container, preparation method thereof and container
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CN110712397A (en) * 2019-09-12 2020-01-21 青岛中集创赢复合材料科技有限公司 Composite board and continuous production system and continuous production method thereof

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CN106398416A (en) * 2015-08-01 2017-02-15 姜丹宁 Plastic coating
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