CN112221665A - Civil engineering construction waste treatment device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a civil engineering construction waste treatment device, which comprises a first shell, wherein a first screen is arranged in the first shell, a feed inlet is formed in the top of the first shell, a second screen is arranged in the first shell below the feed inlet, the lower end of the first screen is connected with the second screen through a fixed baffle, first crushing teeth are arranged on the fixed baffle, and the aperture of the second screen is smaller than that of the first screen; the primary crushing device comprises a linear driving device and is arranged at the top of the first shell; the top of the hollow crushing plate is connected with a linear driving device; the hollow striking hammers are arranged on the side wall of the hollow crushing plate opposite to the first crushing teeth, and are communicated with the hollow crushing plate; the liquid spraying device is used for wetting the waste sorted by the second screen; the liquid nitrogen conveying device comprises a first liquid nitrogen storage tank; and the first liquid nitrogen conveying pipe is communicated with the hollow crushing plate. The invention can not only reduce energy consumption, but also prolong the service life of the pulverizer.

Description

A civil engineering construction waste treatment device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering equipment, and particularly relates to a civil engineering construction waste treatment device.

Background technique

With the acceleration of urbanization, some old buildings and public facilities have experienced serious aging or have reached their useful life. Regular maintenance cannot change the aging problem, so they need to be demolished. After demolition, a large number of Construction waste, large pieces of construction waste discarded at random will cause environmental pollution, so it is necessary to deal with construction waste.

There are two ways to deal with construction waste in the prior art: one is to simply crush large pieces of construction waste and then landfill it, which will damage the environment and pollute the soil; The method is to crush, sieve and sort large pieces of construction waste into new resources that can be used, so as to realize the recycling of construction waste.

Because construction waste has a certain hardness, although the purpose of pulverization can be basically achieved by directly feeding it into the pulverizer, long-term pulverization will cause wear on the pulverizing knife, reduce the service life of the pulverizer, and at the same time, the construction waste will be crushed. Crushing to a specified size requires repeated crushing, and the energy consumption of the crusher is high. Therefore, it is of great significance to provide a civil engineering construction waste treatment device that can reduce energy consumption and increase the service life of the crusher.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a civil engineering construction waste treatment device that can reduce energy consumption and improve the service life of the pulverizer in view of the above problems existing in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution provided in this application is a civil engineering construction waste treatment device, comprising:

The first shell is provided with a fixed frame along the horizontal direction inside, the fixed frame is provided with a first screen, the top is provided with a feeding port, and the first shell under the feeding port is provided with An inclined second screen for preliminary separation of waste in the shell, the aperture of the second screen is smaller than the aperture of the first screen, and the first screen and the lower end of the second screen are connected by a fixed baffle plate, The fixed baffle is provided with a plurality of first crushing teeth;

A primary crushing device for crushing the waste sorted by the second screen, including

The linear drive device is installed on the top of the first housing;

Hollow crushing plate, the top is connected with the linear drive device, and the bottom is slidingly connected with the fixed frame;

A plurality of hollow hammers are arranged on the hollow crushing plate, and each hollow hammer is connected with the hollow crushing plate one by one;

The liquid spraying device is arranged on the top of the first casing and is arranged in parallel with the linear driving device, and is used for wetting the wastes sorted by the second screen;

Liquid nitrogen delivery device, including

The first liquid nitrogen storage tank is arranged outside the first shell;

The first liquid nitrogen conveying pipe is communicated with the hollow crushing plate;

The secondary crushing device is arranged in the first shell below the first screen, and is used to pulverize the waste that is crushed by the first screen;

The linear drive device is electrically connected to the power source through a first control switch, and the liquid spray device is electrically connected to the power source through a second control switch

Preferably, the fixed baffle and the first crushing teeth are both hollow structures, and the fixed baffle is connected with the first crushing teeth one by one, and the fixed baffle is stored with the second liquid nitrogen through the second liquid nitrogen delivery pipe. The tank is connected.

Preferably, the secondary crushing device includes

The second shell is fixed on the inner wall of the first shell through two connecting rods, the top is provided with an upper opening for receiving the waste sorted by the first screen, the bottom is provided with a third screen, the second The peripheral wall of the casing and the top of the third screen are provided with second crushing teeth;

Two crushing rollers are arranged inside the second shell, and the two crushing rollers rotate in opposite directions;

The two driving motors are both arranged outside the first casing, and the output shafts of the driving motors are respectively connected with the crushing roller shafts, and both the driving motors are electrically connected to the power source through the third control switch.

Preferably, inclined blocks are symmetrically arranged on the inner wall of the first shell above the second shell along the axis of the first shell, for quickly draining the waste sorted by the first screen into the second shell. inside the opening.

Preferably, the distance between the second shell and the crushing roller is 2-3 cm.

Preferably, a feeding hopper is provided on the top of the first housing, the feeding hopper communicates with the feeding port, and a sealing cover is provided on the top of the feeding hopper.

Preferably, a magnet is provided on the inner wall of the feeding hopper.

Preferably, an inclined baffle is arranged below the third screen, and the baffle communicates with the discharge port arranged on the outer wall of the first casing.

Preferably, a vibration motor is provided outside the first housing.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention is novel and can preliminarily separate the construction waste sent into the first shell by the feeding hopper through the second screen, and the separated construction waste with small particle size falls from the second screen, and the construction waste with large size The waste enters the space above the first screen, and the construction waste entering this space is infiltrated by turning on the liquid spray device. Since the construction waste of cement and other materials has a capillary phenomenon, it can absorb the spray. water on the construction waste (concrete), then open the valves of the first liquid nitrogen storage tank and the second liquid nitrogen storage tank, and pour liquid nitrogen into the first crushing teeth and the plurality of hollow hammers respectively, and the first The temperature in the space above the screen drops rapidly, and the construction waste (concrete) after absorbing water will expand in volume during the quenching process, thereby causing cracks in the construction waste (concrete). When the construction waste (concrete) is removed, the cracked construction waste (concrete) can be quickly smashed, which reduces the number of blows of the hammer and saves energy. When the construction waste is sent to the secondary crushing device for further crushing into the size that meets the recycling requirements, compared with directly crushing large-sized construction waste, it can not only reduce the wear and tear on the two crushing rollers, but also shorten the crushing time. At the same time, by setting the liquid spraying device, not only can the bulk construction waste in the first casing be infiltrated, but also the water after spraying can enter the second casing from the first casing, which can prevent the first casing and the The construction waste in the second shell raises dust.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the civil engineering construction waste treatment device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the civil engineering construction waste treatment device of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the inclined block below the first screen, the secondary crushing device and the baffle of the civil engineering construction waste treatment device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the positional relationship diagram of the spray device and the linear drive device of the civil engineering construction waste treatment device of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship among the fixed frame, the first screen, the fixed baffle and the hollow crushing plate of the spray device of the civil engineering construction waste treatment device of the present invention.

In the figure: 1, the first shell, 2, the first screen, 3, the second screen, 4, the fixed baffle, 5, the first crushing tooth, 6, the primary crushing device, 6-1, the linear drive Device, 6-2, Hollow Crushing Plate, 6-3, Multiple Hollow Hammers, 7, Liquid Spray Device, 7-1, Water Storage Device, 7-2, Booster Pump, 7-3, Hollow Fixing Plate, 7-4, multiple nozzles, 8, liquid nitrogen conveying device, 8-1, first liquid nitrogen storage tank, 8-2, first liquid nitrogen conveying pipe, 9, tilting block, 10, secondary crushing device , 10-1, second shell, 10-2, third screen, 10-3, second crushing teeth, 10-4, two crushing rollers, 10-5, two drive motors, 11, feeding hopper , 12, baffle, 13, vibration motor.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that terms used to express orientations in the description of the body in the present invention, for example, "height", "length", "width", "front surface" are based on the The description under the premise of being placed vertically, that is, perpendicular to the ground, is only for the convenience of describing the present invention, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore It should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Example

As shown in Figures 1-5, the specific embodiment of the present invention is realized by adopting the following technical solutions, a civil engineering construction waste treatment device, comprising a first shell 1, a second screen 3 for crushing after sorting The primary crushing device 6 , the liquid spraying device 7 , the liquid nitrogen conveying device 8 and the secondary crushing device 10 for waste, the first shell 1 is provided with a fixed frame along the horizontal direction, and the bottom of the fixed frame is provided with a fixed frame. A support member, the fixing frame is provided with a first screen 2, a feeding port is provided on the top of the first shell 1, and a feeding port is provided in the first shell 1 below the feeding port for feeding into the first shell. The inclined second screen 3 for preliminary separation of the waste in The aperture of the screen 2, and the lower ends of the first screen 2 and the second screen 3 are connected to the top of the fixed baffle 4, the bottom of the fixed baffle 4 is fixed on the fixed frame, and the fixed baffle 4 is provided with a plurality of a first crushing tooth 5;

The primary crushing device 6 includes a linear driving device 6-1, a hollow crushing plate 6-2 and a plurality of hollow hammers 6-3. The linear driving device 6-1 is installed on the top of the first housing 1, so The linear drive device 6-1 is electrically connected to the power source through the first control switch; the top of the hollow crushing plate 6-2 is connected to the linear drive device 6-1, and the bottom of the hollow crushing plate 6-2 is provided with a slider and a fixed The sliding grooves provided on the frame are slidably connected; the plurality of hollow hammers 6-3 are arranged on the hollow crushing plate 6-2 opposite to the first crushing tooth 5, and each hollow hammer 6-3 is connected with the hollow hammer 6-3. The broken plates 6-2 are connected one by one;

The liquid spraying device 7 is arranged on the top of the first housing 1, and is arranged in parallel with the linear drive device 6-1, for wetting the wastes sorted by the second screen 3, including a water storage device 7-1, a pressurizing pump 7-2, a hollow fixing plate 7-3 and a plurality of spray heads 7-4, the water storage device 7-1 is provided on the top of the first housing 1, and the water storage device 7-1 passes through The pipeline is communicated with the water inlet of the booster pump 7-2, and the water outlet of the booster pump 7-2 is communicated with the hollow fixing plate 7-3 fixed on the inner top wall of the first housing 1 through the pipeline. The bottom of 7-3 is provided with a plurality of spray heads 7-4, and the hollow fixed plate 7-3 of each spray head 7-4 is connected, and the pressurizing pump 7-2 is electrically connected to the power supply through the second control switch;

The liquid nitrogen delivery device 8 includes a first liquid nitrogen storage tank 8-1 and a first liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 8-2, and both the first liquid nitrogen storage tank 8-1 and the first liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 8-2 are made of steel As a result, the first liquid nitrogen storage tank 8-1 is located outside the first housing 1; one end of the first liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 8-2 is communicated with the outlet of the first liquid nitrogen storage tank 8-1, and the The other end of the first liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 8-2 is penetrated by a through hole opened on the first shell 1, and the penetration end is communicated with the hollow crushing plate 6-2. The first liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 8-2 is on the Provided with an outlet pipe with a valve;

The secondary crushing device 10 is arranged in the first casing 1 below the first screen 2 , and is used for crushing the waste received by the first screen 2 to be crushed.

In this embodiment, in order to solve the problem that when the prior art shredder shreds the construction waste into recycled particles of a specified size, the construction waste needs to be shredded for a long time, and the longer shredding will not only cause wear and tear to the pulverizing knife , the problem of reducing the service life of the pulverizer can also be solved by the present invention. When in use, the construction waste is firstly transported to the feed port on the top of the first shell 1 through the lifting and conveying device, and the construction waste is discarded. First, the construction waste fed into the first shell 1 by the feeding port will be preliminarily screened through the second screen 3 arranged below the feeding port. Since the aperture of the second screen 3 is smaller than the aperture of the first screen 2, Therefore, the construction waste smaller than the aperture of the second screen 3 passes through the second screen 3 and the first screen 2 and falls into the first shell 1 under the first screen 2, while the aperture larger than the aperture of the second screen 3 The large-sized construction waste is sent into the first casing 1 located above the first screen 2 for primary crushing. At this time, the second control switch electrically connected to the liquid spraying device 7 is turned on, and the liquid spraying device 7 The pressurizing pump 7-2 starts to work, pressurizes the water in the water storage device 7-1 to the hollow fixed plate 7-3, and divides it into each nozzle 7-4, and the water is sprayed from the nozzle 7-4, It is sprayed on large pieces of construction waste. Since construction waste (concrete) contains many voids, it can absorb the water sprayed by the sprinkler 7-4 through capillary phenomenon, and then open the first liquid nitrogen storage tank 8-1. the pressure valve, the liquid nitrogen will enter the first liquid nitrogen delivery pipe 8-2 by gas, and then be transported to the hollow crushing plate 6-2. They are connected one by one, so the vaporized liquid nitrogen will also enter the plurality of hollow hammers 6-3, and the vaporization process of liquid nitrogen is an endothermic process, which can reduce the amount of liquid nitrogen in the space above the first screen 2. temperature, and the phase changes after the water cools down, from liquid to solid, and the volume becomes larger. The construction waste that absorbs water will create cracks in the process of self-expansion. At this time, the first control switch is activated, and the linear drive device 6- 1 Start, it can drive the hollow crushing plate 6-2 to move in the horizontal direction. If necessary, a transmission will be installed on the linear drive device 6-1 to adjust the displacement speed of the linear drive device 6-1, so that cracks can be broken faster. Small pieces of construction waste after crushing pass through the through holes of the first screen 2 and fall below the first screen 2, while construction waste larger than the aperture of the first screen 2 needs to pass through The interaction between the hollow hammer 6-3 and the first crushing teeth 5 crushes it until all of it falls under the first screen 2, and the construction waste that falls under the first screen 2 passes through the secondary crushing device 10 device crushes it until it is crushed into recyclables of a specified size. In this process, the crushing time of the secondary crushing device 10 can be reduced, the crushing time of more than 10 large pieces of construction waste in the secondary crushing device can be shortened, and the The wear of the secondary crushing device 10 reduces the energy consumption.

Further, in order to reduce energy consumption, it is used to quickly crush the screened large pieces of construction waste sent into the first shell 1 above the first screen 2, so the fixed baffle 4 and the first crushing The teeth 5 are all hollow structures, and the fixed baffles 4 are in communication with the first crushing teeth 5 one by one. The fixed baffles 4 are communicated with the second liquid nitrogen storage tank through the second liquid nitrogen delivery pipe, and the second liquid nitrogen There is an outlet pipe with a valve on the conveying pipe, which is used to quickly cool the first shell 1 above the first screen 2, which improves the efficiency of cracks generated by large pieces of construction waste after water absorption, and helps to improve the crushing efficiency. To save energy, the liquid spray device 7 can also reduce the dust in the first housing 1 .

Further, the specific structure of the secondary crushing device 10 is given, and the secondary crushing device 10 includes

The second shell 10-1 is fixed on the inner wall of the first shell 1 through two connecting rods, with an upper opening at the top for receiving the waste sorted by the first screen 2, and a third screen at the bottom 10-2, the peripheral wall of the second casing 10-1 and the top of the third screen 10-2 are provided with second crushing teeth 10-3;

Two crushing rollers 10-4 are arranged inside the second shell 10-1, and the two crushing rollers 10-4 rotate in opposite directions;

The two driving motors 10-5 are both arranged outside the first housing 1, and the output shafts of each driving motor 10-5 are respectively connected to the respective crushing rollers 10-4, and the two driving motors 10-5 pass through the second The control switch is electrically connected to the power supply. When in use, the control switches of the two crushing rollers 10-4 are also turned on when the control switches of the liquid spraying device 7 are turned on, so the construction wastes falling from the first screen 2, After entering into the upper opening of the second shell 10-1, the construction waste will be crushed and crushed by the two counter-rotating crushing rollers 10-4, and the construction waste falling into the second shell 10-1 after being squeezed The waste will be squeezed and crushed with the second crushing teeth 10-3 provided on the inner wall of the second shell 10-1 until the construction waste is crushed and then output through the third screen 10-2.

Further, in order to guide the construction waste falling into the second shell 10-1 and improve the extrusion efficiency of the two crushing rollers 10-4 in the second shell 10-1, the On the inner wall of the first shell 1 above the second shell 10-1, inclined blocks 9 are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the first shell 1, for quickly draining the waste sorted by the first screen 2 into the second shell inside the opening of the body 10-1.

Further, in order to improve the crushing efficiency of the crushing roller 10-4, the distance between the second shell 10-1 and the crushing roller 10-4 is 2-3 cm.

Further, in order to prevent the construction waste transported by the lifting and conveying device from being scattered and improve the feeding accuracy, a feeding hopper 11 is provided on the top of the first housing 1, and the feeding hopper 11 is communicated with the feeding port, and the feeding hopper is The top of the 11 is provided with a sealing cover to reduce dust.

Further, magnets are arranged on the inner wall of the feeding hopper 11 to remove iron materials in construction waste, so as to avoid damage to the plurality of hollow hammers 6-3, the first crushing teeth 5 and the second crushing teeth. .

Further, an inclined baffle 12 is provided below the third screen 10-2, and the baffle 12 communicates with the discharge port provided on the outer wall of the first shell 1. In order to quickly disassemble the third screen 10-2 2 Falling construction waste output.

Further, the first casing 1 is provided with a vibration motor 13, in order to improve the conveying efficiency of the first screen 2, the second screen 3 and the third screen 10-2, and at the same time prevent construction waste from clogging the first screen. Screen 2, second screen 3 and third screen 10-2.

The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, however, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a civil engineering construction waste treatment device, is characterized in that, comprises The first casing (1) is provided with a fixed frame along the horizontal direction inside, the fixed frame is provided with a first screen (2), a feeding port is opened at the top, and the first casing ( 1) An inclined second screen (3) for preliminary separation of the waste sent into the first shell (1) is provided, and the aperture of the second screen (3) is smaller than that of the first screen (2). ), and the lower ends of the first screen (2) and the second screen (3) are connected by a fixed baffle (4), which is provided with a plurality of first crushing teeth ( 5); A primary crushing device (6) for crushing the waste sorted by the second screen (3), including a linear drive device (6-1), mounted on the top of the first housing (1); The hollow crushing plate (6-2), the top is connected with the linear drive device (6-1), and the bottom is slidingly connected with the fixed frame; A plurality of hollow hammers (6-3) are arranged on the hollow crushing plate (6-2), and each hollow hammer (6-3) is connected with the hollow crushing plate (6-2) one by one; The liquid spraying device (7) is arranged on the top of the first housing (1) and is arranged in parallel with the linear drive device (6-1), and is used for moistening the wastes sorted by the second screen (3) wet; Liquid nitrogen delivery device (8), including a first liquid nitrogen storage tank (8-1), located outside the first housing (1); The first liquid nitrogen delivery pipe (8-2) is communicated with the hollow crushing plate (6-2); A secondary crushing device (10), which is arranged in the first casing (1) below the first screen (2), and is used for crushing the waste that is crushed by the first screen (2); The linear drive device (6-1) is electrically connected to the power source through a first control switch, and the liquid spray device (7) is electrically connected to the power source through a second control switch. 2. A civil engineering construction waste disposal device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fixed baffle (4) and the first crushing tooth (5) are both hollow structures, and the fixed baffle (4) Connected with the first crushing teeth (5) one by one, the fixed baffle plate (4) is communicated with the second liquid nitrogen storage tank through the second liquid nitrogen conveying pipe. 3. A civil engineering construction waste disposal device according to claim 1, wherein the secondary crushing device (10) comprises: The second casing (10-1) is fixed on the inner wall of the first casing (1) through two connecting rods, and the top is provided with an upper opening for receiving the waste sorted by the first screen (2), and the bottom is provided with an upper opening. a third screen (10-2) is provided, and second crushing teeth (10-3) are provided on the peripheral wall of the second shell (10-1) and the top of the third screen (10-2); two crushing rollers (10-4), both of which are arranged inside the second casing (10-1), and the two crushing rollers (10-4) rotate in opposite directions; The two drive motors (10-5) are both arranged outside the first housing (1), and the output shafts of the drive motors (10-5) are respectively connected with the shafts of the crushing rollers (10-4). The motors (10-5) are all electrically connected to the power source through the third control switch. 4. A civil engineering construction waste disposal device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the inner wall of the first shell (1) above the second shell (10-1) is along the first shell (10-1). 1) An inclined block (9) is arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis, which is used for quickly draining the waste sorted by the first screen (2) into the opening of the second casing (10-1). 5. A civil engineering construction waste disposal device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the distance between the second shell (10-1) and the crushing roller (10-4) is 2-3 cm. 6. A civil engineering construction waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, a feeding hopper (11) is provided on the top of the first shell (1), and the feeding hopper (11) is connected to the feeding hopper (11). The mouth is connected, and the top of the feeding hopper (11) is provided with a sealing cover. 7. A civil engineering construction waste disposal device according to claim 6, wherein a magnet is provided on the inner wall of the feeding hopper (11). 8. A civil engineering construction waste treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, a baffle plate (12) arranged obliquely is provided below the third screen (10-2), and the baffle plate (10-2) 12) It communicates with the discharge port provided on the outer wall of the first shell (1). 9 . The civil engineering construction waste disposal device according to claim 1 , wherein a vibration motor ( 13 ) is provided outside the first casing ( 1 ). 10 .

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