CN112211566A - Manual hole digging pile hole forming method for tunneling large-particle-size moderately weathered nuclei - Google Patents
Manual hole digging pile hole forming method for tunneling large-particle-size moderately weathered nuclei Download PDFInfo
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- CN112211566A CN112211566A CN202011191385.6A CN202011191385A CN112211566A CN 112211566 A CN112211566 A CN 112211566A CN 202011191385 A CN202011191385 A CN 202011191385A CN 112211566 A CN112211566 A CN 112211566A
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- -1 titanium aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 23
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/54—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels, core extractors
- E21B25/10—Formed core retaining or severing means
Abstract
The invention discloses a manual hole digging pile hole forming method for tunneling weathering nuclei with large particle size and medium particle size, which is used for tunneling the weathering nuclei with large particle size and medium particle size to form holes during tunneling of the manual hole digging pile, and comprises the following steps: (1) laying a plurality of core taking points of the water mill drilling machine; (2) erecting a derrick, a water mill drilling machine and a water mill drilling machine ejector rod auxiliary supporting device, enabling a drilling cylinder of the water mill drilling machine to be opposite to the coring point positions, starting the water mill drilling machine to perform coring in sequence along a plurality of preset water mill drilling machine coring point positions, and after all coring is completed, forming a pile core rock body which is completely separated from the inner wall of a preset pile hole in the pile hole; (3) drilling a plurality of drill holes with preset depths on the pile core rock mass according to the preset separation number; (4) inserting a steel wedge into the drill hole, and then hammering the steel wedge by a sledge hammer to break and clear the pile core rock mass; (5) correcting and rectifying the inner wall of the pile hole, and meanwhile, laying the core-taking point position of the water mill drilling machine at the next tunneling depth; the scheme is reliable, flexible and efficient to implement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering construction, in particular to a hole forming method for an artificial dug pile for tunneling weathering nuclei with large particle size and medium weathering nucleus.
Background
The manual hole digging and filling pile is a common basic type in the mountain land building, and due to the large height difference and the complex and changeable geology of the mountain land building, large-diameter boulders are often mixed in soil layers, and the boulders are moderate weathering nuclei. The medium weathering core is formed by weathering granite, the hardness degree is between that of harder rock and hard rock, mineral components mainly comprise quartz, feldspar, mica and amphibole, joints and cracks develop relatively, the integrity degree of rock mass is relatively complete, and an alloy drill bit is not suitable for drilling.
The traditional manual hole digging pile process mainly adopts a manual digging method to form holes, once hard boulders are encountered in the hole forming process, the problem that the hard boulders cannot be tunneled is solved, if the boulders with smaller particle sizes are obtained, the boulders can be dug in a manual matching impact drilling mode, however, the method is slow in speed, low in efficiency, large in labor intensity and high in cost; if boulders with the particle size of 2-3m are encountered, excavation cannot be performed in a mode of manually matching with a percussion drill, a blasting method is usually adopted, and the blasting method has two defects, namely, firstly, blasting energy damages the pile hole protecting wall per se and the nearby pile hole protecting wall, and secondly, the blasting energy possibly has safety influence on surrounding built buildings.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention is to provide a method for forming a hole in a manual bored pile, which is reliable and flexible to implement, has a small effect on the periphery, and can achieve efficiency.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a manual hole digging pile hole forming method for tunneling large-particle-diameter moderate weathering nuclei is used for tunneling and forming the holes encountering the large-particle-diameter moderate weathering nuclei during tunneling of the manual hole digging pile, wherein a plurality of protective walls with conical inner outlines are arranged at the part of the tunneled manual hole digging pile, and small mouth ends of the conical protective walls are abutted against or inserted into large mouth ends of the protective walls above the protective walls, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) arranging a plurality of core taking points of the water mill drilling machine around the preset pile hole, ensuring that the core taking outlines of the core taking points are tangent to the inner wall of the pile hole, and intersecting the core taking outlines between adjacent core taking points;
(2) erecting a derrick, a water mill drilling machine and a water mill drilling machine ejector rod auxiliary supporting device, enabling a drilling cylinder of the water mill drilling machine to be opposite to a coring point position, meanwhile, enabling the upper end of the ejector rod of the water mill drilling machine to be abutted against the auxiliary supporting device, fixing two ends of the auxiliary supporting device with the inner side wall of a protective wall, starting the water mill drilling machine to sequentially core along a plurality of preset water mill drilling machine coring point positions, taking out and clearing a core when each coring point position is completed, adjusting the water mill drilling machine to enable the drilling cylinder to be opposite to the next coring point position, and enabling a pile core rock mass completely separated from the inner wall of a preset pile hole to be formed in the pile hole until all coring is completed;
(3) drilling a plurality of drill holes with preset depths on the pile core rock mass according to the preset separation number;
(4) inserting a steel wedge into the drilling hole, then hammering the steel wedge by a sledge hammer to enable the rock mass corresponding to the drilling hole area to obtain a horizontal impact force, pulling and cracking the rock along the plumb face under the action of the horizontal impact force, and enabling the bottom of the rock to be subjected to horizontal shearing and cracking, and repeating the operation on other corresponding drilling holes to enable the corresponding rock mass to be sequentially cracked until the pile core rock mass is completely cracked and cleared;
(5) correcting and rectifying the inner wall of the pile hole to enable the serrated inner wall part to be cleaned after coring, enabling the effective pile diameter of the pile hole to be within the specification requirement range of the pile diameter of the preset pile hole, laying the core-taking point position of the water mill drilling machine at the next tunneling depth, and repeating the steps (1) to (4) until the tunneling of the medium weathering nucleus in the large particle diameter is completed.
In a possible implementation manner, in the step (2), the diameter of the drill cylinder is 16cm, the hole depth of the drilled hole is 500-600 mm, and the drill cylinder inclines to the outer side of the pile hole by 2-5 degrees during drilling.
As a possible implementation manner, further, in the step (2), the core taken out after the core is taken out by the water mill drilling machine is synchronously transported outside by using a bucket; and (4) secondarily crushing the split rock mass in the step (4) to be within a preset specification, and transporting the rock mass outside through a winch and a bucket.
As a possible implementation manner, further, in the step (2), the watermill drilling machine includes a drill cylinder connected to the engine and driven by the engine to rotate for drilling, the edge of the lower end surface of the drill cylinder is provided with diamond teeth formed by titanium alloy material in a circular array, and the method for arranging the diamond teeth on the edge of the lower end surface of the drill cylinder includes: heating the copper sheet to over 1000 ℃ through high-frequency induction heating equipment, melting the copper sheet into liquid to be used as a binder, and bonding the diamond teeth on the drill cylinder, wherein a copper gas welding solvent is also added in the copper sheet melting process.
As a possible implementation mode, further, the number of the diamond teeth is 7, and the surface of the bonding part between the diamond teeth and the edge of the lower end face of the drill cylinder is also alternately provided with titanium nitride coatings and titanium aluminum nitride coatings by a physical vapor deposition method.
As a preferred implementation option, the titanium nitride coating and the titanium aluminum nitride coating are preferably applied on the surface of the bonding part between the diamond tooth and the edge of the lower end face of the drill cylinder by the following method:
s1, cleaning the surface of the bonding part between the diamond teeth and the edge of the lower end face of the drill cylinder;
s2, grinding the surface of the bonding part between the diamond teeth and the edge of the lower end face of the drill cylinder by using abrasive paper to form a vertical grinding mark in the same axial direction as the drill cylinder;
s3, depositing a titanium nitride coating on the surface of the bonding part by adopting a physical vapor deposition method;
and S4, depositing a titanium aluminum nitride coating on the titanium nitride coating on the surface of the bonding part by adopting a physical vapor deposition method.
As a preferred implementation option, the titanium nitride coating and the titanium aluminum nitride coating are preferably 2 μm thick.
As a possible implementation manner, further, the watermill drill push rod auxiliary supporting device in the step (2) comprises:
the supporting and connecting plate is of a rectangular plate structure, extension rods are coaxially arranged in the middle of two axial end faces of the supporting and connecting plate, the extension rods are round rods, external threads are arranged at one ends of the extension rods, which are far away from the supporting and connecting plate, and blind grooves used for being in splicing fit with the upper ends of ejector rods of the water mill drilling machine are formed in one end face of the supporting and connecting plate;
a pair of auxiliary support arm, with the extension rod one-to-one at supporting connection board both ends, it includes:
the connecting sleeve is of a cylindrical structure with one open end, and an internal thread matched with the external thread on the extension rod is arranged in the cylindrical structure and is in threaded connection with the end part, far away from the supporting connecting plate, of the extension rod;
the outer ring of the connecting bearing is fixedly connected with the end part of the connecting sleeve far away from the extension rod through a fixed connecting ring;
the connecting seat is of a U-shaped structure, and one side of the connecting seat, which is far away from the U-shaped structure, is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the connecting bearing through a fixed shaft;
one end of the rotating connecting plate is rotatably connected in the U-shaped structure of the connecting seat through a pin shaft;
and the center of one end face of the supporting plate is fixedly welded with the other end of the rotating connecting plate into a whole, and the other end face of the supporting plate is used for being attached to the surface of the protective wall.
As a preferred implementation option, preferably, the other end surface of the supporting plate is further fixedly provided with a supporting pad formed by a flexible material, and the thickness of the supporting pad is 0.3-10 mm.
As a preferred implementation option, preferably, the supporting connection plate is a hollow rectangular plate structure.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: this scheme ingeniously when tunneling through to artifical bored pile, meet with the excavation pore-forming design of weathering nuclear in the big particle diameter, reduce the adverse effect of pore-forming, improve pore-forming efficiency, still add the coating through the bonding portion to between the bore section of thick bamboo of water mill rig and the buddha's warrior attendant tooth, with the use reliability and the utilization ratio that improve the buddha's warrior attendant tooth, in addition, a water mill rig ejector pin auxiliary stay device is still provided, with improve the water mill rig and get the core operation back in the brill of accomplishing a position, need remove the supplementary cooperation efficiency that next position carries out the operation, the convenience and the reliability of manual operation pore-forming have been improved, the security has also been improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of coring of the method of forming a hole of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a water mill drilling machine arranged in a pile hole and matched with an auxiliary supporting device of a top rod of the water mill drilling machine when the hole forming method is operated;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a water mill drilling machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the drill barrel and the diamond teeth of the water mill drilling machine according to the hole forming method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic connection diagram of a drill cylinder and diamond teeth of the water mill drilling machine in the hole forming method of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a titanium nitride coating and a titanium aluminum nitride coating applied to the bond between the diamond teeth and the edge of the lower end face of the drill barrel;
FIG. 7 is one of the schematic views of the implementation of the auxiliary supporting device for the top rod of the water mill drilling machine in the hole forming method of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another perspective structure of the auxiliary supporting device for the top rod of the water mill drilling machine shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a second schematic view of an auxiliary supporting device for a top rod of a water mill drilling machine according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be noted that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Similarly, the following examples are only some but not all examples of the present invention, and all other examples obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.
Referring to one of fig. 1 to 9, the invention relates to a manual hole digging pile hole forming method for excavating weathering nucleus with medium particle size, which is used for excavating hole forming with weathering nucleus 1 with medium particle size when the manual hole digging pile is excavated, wherein, a plurality of protective walls 2 with conical inner contour are arranged at the excavated manual hole digging pile part, and the small mouth end of the protective wall 2 with conical inner contour is abutted or inserted on the large mouth end of the protective wall 2 above the protective wall, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) arranging a plurality of core taking points of the water mill drilling machine around the preset pile hole, ensuring that the core taking outlines of the core taking points are tangent to the inner wall of the pile hole 3, and intersecting the core taking outlines between adjacent core taking points;
(2) erecting a derrick, a water mill drilling machine 4 and an auxiliary supporting device 5 of a top rod 42 of the water mill drilling machine 4, enabling a drill barrel 41 of the water mill drilling machine 4 to be opposite to a coring point, meanwhile, the upper end of the top rod 42 of the water mill drilling machine 4 is abutted against the auxiliary supporting device 5, two ends of the auxiliary supporting device 5 are fixed to the inner side wall of a protective wall 2, then starting the water mill drilling machine 4 to sequentially core along a plurality of preset coring points of the water mill drilling machine, taking out and clearing a core every time when one coring point is finished, then adjusting the water mill drilling machine 4 to enable the drill barrel 41 to be opposite to the next coring point, and enabling a pile core rock body completely separated from the inner wall of a preset pile hole to be formed in a pile hole 3 until all coring is finished (namely, after the peripheral core is completely taken, an annular face is formed at the periphery of the pile;
(3) according to the preset separation parts, drilling a plurality of drill holes with preset depths on the pile core rock mass, in the embodiment of the scheme, the preset separation parts are 3 parts, and the specific equal parts can be adjusted according to the size of the pile diameter, so that the pile core rock mass is convenient to break;
(4) inserting a steel wedge into the drilling hole, then hammering the steel wedge by a sledge hammer to enable the rock mass corresponding to the drilling hole area to obtain a horizontal impact force, pulling and cracking the rock along the plumb face under the action of the horizontal impact force, and enabling the bottom of the rock to be subjected to horizontal shearing and cracking, and repeating the operation on other corresponding drilling holes to enable the corresponding rock mass to be sequentially cracked until the pile core rock mass is completely cracked and cleared;
(5) correcting and rectifying the inner wall of the pile hole 3 to enable the serrated inner wall part to be cleaned after coring, enabling the effective pile diameter of the pile hole 3 to be within the specification requirement range of the pile diameter of the preset pile hole, meanwhile, laying the core-taking point position of the water mill drilling machine at the next tunneling depth, and repeating the steps (1) to (4) until the tunneling of the weathering core in the large particle diameter is completed.
As a possible implementation manner, further, in the step (2), the diameter of the drill cylinder 41 is 16cm, the hole depth of the drilled hole is 500-600 mm, and as the drill cylinder 41 should be inclined to the outside of the pile hole wall by a certain angle when the core is drilled, so as to ensure that the sleeve drilling point can be placed on the designed hole pile side line without causing shrinkage when the drilling machine is in place during the next layer of construction, so as to ensure the pile foundation hole forming diameter, the drill cylinder 41 is inclined to the outside of the pile hole 3 by 2-5 degrees, preferably 3 degrees, and if the inclination angle is too large, the excavation advance and the pile body concrete pouring amount are increased.
In addition, in order to improve the efficiency, in the step (2), the core taken out after the core is taken out by the water mill drilling machine each time is synchronously transported outside by using a bucket; and (4) secondarily crushing the split rock mass in the step (4) to be within a preset specification, and transporting the rock mass outside through a winch and a bucket.
The working principle of the hole forming method is briefly as follows: the construction method of the water mill drilling machine mainly comprises the steps of drilling a plurality of holes along the inner edge of the pile diameter through the water mill drilling machine, connecting the holes, taking out cores after drilling, separating the pile core from the pile wall after all the water mill drilling holes are connected into a ring to form a face empty surface of the pile core, then partitioning the rest part of the pile core of the pile foundation, and taking cores along the radius of a circle to form a partition face empty surface inside the pile core. Drilling a row of small holes in the partitioned rock, inserting steel wedges into the small holes, hammering the steel wedges to extrude the rock, enabling the rock to be simultaneously under the action of pulling force on a plumb face and shearing force on a horizontal plane, when the extrusion force is larger than the sum of ultimate tensile force and ultimate shearing force, pulling the rock along the plumb face to crack and shearing and cracking from the bottom, decomposing the rock into a plurality of small blocks, and hoisting the small blocks out of the holes by using a winch to take out the cracked rock blocks. According to the cyclic operation functions of layered coring, breaking and rock block taking, the aim of forming holes is finally achieved.
Referring to fig. 2 to 6 with emphasis, as a possible implementation manner, further, in step (2), the watermill drilling machine 4 includes an engine 43, a connecting member 44, a sliding gear 45, an adjusting rod 46, a fixed base 47, a mandril 42, a drill cylinder 41, a water inlet 48, and diamond teeth 411, wherein the drill cylinder 411 is connected to the engine 43 and is driven by the engine to rotate for drilling, the diamond teeth 411 formed by a titanium alloy material are distributed on the edge of the lower end face of the drill cylinder 411 in a circular array, the diamond teeth 411 have high hardness and wear resistance, and can be used for drilling rocks, the shape of the diamond teeth 411 is arc-shaped along the outer diameter of the drill cylinder 41, and the method for distributing the diamond teeth 411 on the edge of the lower end face of the drill cylinder 41 is as follows: the copper sheet is heated to over 1000 ℃ through high-frequency induction heating equipment, is melted into liquid and then serves as a bonding agent, and the diamond teeth 411 are bonded on the drill cylinder 41, wherein a copper gas welding solvent is added in the melting process of the copper sheet so as to strengthen the bonding force between the drill cylinder 41 and the diamond teeth 411.
As a possible implementation, further, the number of the diamond teeth 411 is 7, and since the bonding portion 4111 between the diamond teeth 411 and the drill cylinder 41 is often broken and worn due to hard silicide friction in rock soil when the drill cylinder 41 cores, so as to cause the diamond teeth 411 to shift or fall off, in this scheme, the surface of the bonding portion 4111 between the diamond teeth 411 and the lower end face edge of the drill cylinder 41 is further alternately provided with a titanium nitride coating 412 and a titanium aluminum nitride coating 413 by a physical vapor deposition method, and the service life of the diamond teeth 411 and the wear resistance of the bonding portion 4111 can be improved by the coatings; as a preferred implementation option, the titanium nitride coating 412 and the titanium aluminum nitride coating 413 are preferably applied to the surface of the bonding portion 4111 between the diamond tooth 411 and the edge of the lower end face of the drill cylinder by:
s1, cleaning the surface of the bonding part 4111 between the diamond tooth 411 and the edge of the lower end face of the drill cylinder 41;
s2, grinding the surface of the bonding part between the diamond teeth and the edge of the lower end face of the drill cylinder by using abrasive paper to form a vertical grinding mark in the same axial direction as the drill cylinder;
s3, depositing a titanium nitride coating on the surface of the bonding part by adopting a physical vapor deposition method;
and S4, depositing a titanium aluminum nitride coating on the titanium nitride coating on the surface of the bonding part by adopting a physical vapor deposition method.
Although titanium nitride is used in high percentage of all coatings in the superhard coating material, in the case of high speed dry friction, the best PVD coating should be titanium aluminum nitride (TiAIN), which has a performance 4 times better than that of titanium nitride in high temperature continuous working drilling work, which is harder than TiN at high temperature and has thermal stability, and PVD coating takes advantage of its chemical wear resistance and has a hardness up to 3500 degrees vickers, which makes it have a higher working temperature. And the corresponding field of materials scientists speculate that: these properties can be attributed to the amorphous alumina film, which is formed by oxidation of some of the aluminum in the coating surface at high temperature, while the drill cylinder 41 in this embodiment is working, and can reach a corresponding high temperature state to avoid breakage of the diamond teeth 411, and in addition, for the coating thickness, considering the cost and performance, and the wear resistance effect can be achieved under a certain thickness, as a better implementation choice, the thickness of the titanium nitride coating and the titanium aluminum nitride coating is preferably 2 μm.
In order to improve the connection reliability between the titanium nitride coating 412 and the titanium aluminum nitride 413, as a preferred implementation choice, in step S4, after an acid solution (concentrated nitric acid with a mass concentration of 68%) is sprayed on the titanium nitride coating on the surface of the bonding portion to perform erosion treatment for 30 to 40 seconds, the titanium nitride coating is cleaned and dried by deionized water, and then the titanium aluminum nitride coating 413 is deposited on the titanium nitride coating 412 on the surface of the bonding portion 4111 by a physical vapor deposition method; as a more preferable embodiment, the particle diameter of the droplets sprayed with the acid solution is preferably 0.05 to 0.2mm, and if the particle diameter of the sprayed droplets is too large, the droplets are likely to come into contact with the titanium nitride coating layer, and then slip occurs, thereby preventing the pitting effect.
Based on the above, this scheme still makes the following demonstration, through setting up titanium nitride coating 412 and titanium aluminium nitride coating 413 on contrast bonding portion 4111 and diamond tooth 411 life when not setting up the coating, gets the core number of times of drilling when core drilling comes the record diamond tooth to damage through actually carrying out to this indirect judgement its life, and the experimental group of concrete demonstration includes:
in the experimental group 1, the surface of the bonding part is not provided with a titanium nitride coating and a titanium aluminum nitride coating;
in the experiment group 2, the surface of the bonding part is provided with 1 layer of titanium nitride coating and 1 layer of titanium aluminum nitride coating;
in the experiment group 3, the surface of the bonding part is alternately provided with 2 layers of titanium nitride coatings and 2 layers of titanium aluminum nitride coatings;
in the experiment group 4, the surface of the bonding part is provided with 1 layer of titanium nitride coating;
in the experiment group 5, the surface of the bonding part is provided with 1 layer of titanium aluminum nitride coating;
example 6 was substantially the same as experimental group 1 except that the acid solution spray etching treatment was not performed before the titanium aluminum nitride coating was applied;
wherein the thickness of each coating is 2 μm, the diameter of a hole of the drill cylinder is 16mm, the no-load rotation speed of the water mill drilling machine is 800r/min, and the height of the core of each coring is about 600 mm.
The results of the service life and appearance at break are as follows:
TABLE 1 service life test of diamond teeth
The structure shows that the working life of the diamond tooth can be obviously prolonged under the condition that the bonding part is provided with the coating, the main reason is the short plate effect caused by poor strength of the bonding part, the more the titanium nitride coating and the titanium aluminum nitride coating are, the less the lifting effect is, the abrasion problem of the diamond tooth is mainly solved, in addition, under the condition of two layers of coatings, the coating is pretreated and then a new coating is applied, the bonding force of the two coatings is favorably improved, and the comprehensive strength of the coating is improved.
In view of cost and performance-price ratio, as a preferred implementation choice, the number of layers of the titanium nitride coating 412 and the titanium aluminum nitride 413 coating is preferably 1.
Referring to fig. 2, 3, 7, 8 and 9, the position of the water mill drilling machine 4 needs to be adjusted at any time in the process of drilling the rock core, the traditional operation scheme is that materials are directly obtained from local resources, the water mill drilling machine 4 is pushed against the lower end of a steel pipe through the top pillar retaining wall 2 at two ends of the steel pipe or the steel plate, then the top rod 42 of the water mill drilling machine 4 is abutted against the lower end of the steel pipe, the operation of drilling the rock core can be performed, and the engine 43 and the drill barrel 41 can be driven to descend for drilling through the connecting component 44 only by operating the adjusting rod 46.
Because the watermill drilling machine 4 needs to move to the next point location for operation after completing the core drilling operation at a position, and the ejector rod 42 of the conventional scheme obviously needs to move along, and the form of steel pipe or steel plate is easy to cause the abrasion of the retaining wall on the one hand, and on the other hand, the contact surface of the steel pipe or steel plate with the retaining wall is small, so that the adverse conditions such as slippage and the like are easy to occur, in order to facilitate the watermill drilling machine 4 to rapidly perform the work of the next point location after completing the core drilling operation, it is important to refer to fig. 7 or fig. 8, as a possible implementation manner, further, the watermill drilling machine ejector rod auxiliary supporting device 5 in the step (2) comprises:
the supporting and connecting plate 51 is of a rectangular plate structure, the middle parts of two axial end faces of the supporting and connecting plate are coaxially provided with extension rods 52, the extension rods 52 are round rods, one end of each extension rod, far away from the supporting and connecting plate 51, is provided with an external thread, one end face of the supporting and connecting plate 51 is provided with a blind groove 511 which is used for being in splicing fit with the upper end of a top rod 42 of the water mill drilling machine 4, and in the scheme, the blind groove 511 is a waist-shaped blind groove and extends to two ends of the supporting and connecting plate 51;
a pair of auxiliary support arms 53, which correspond to the extension rods 52 at the two ends of the support connection plate 51 one by one, and include:
the connecting sleeve 54 is of a cylindrical structure with one open end, and an internal thread matched with the external thread on the extension rod 52 is arranged in the cylindrical structure and is in threaded connection with the end part, far away from the supporting and connecting plate 51, of the extension rod 52;
a connecting bearing 56, the outer ring of which is fixedly connected with the end of the connecting sleeve 54 far away from the extension rod 52 through a fixed connecting ring 55;
the connecting seat 57 is of a U-shaped structure, and one side, far away from the U-shaped structure, of the connecting seat 57 is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the connecting bearing 56 through a fixed shaft;
one end of the rotating connecting plate 58 is rotatably connected in the U-shaped structure of the connecting seat 57 through a pin roll 571;
and a support plate 59, one end face center of which is fixedly welded with the other end of the rotating connecting plate 58 into a whole, and the other end face of the support plate 59 is used for being attached to the surface of the protective wall 2.
In order to improve the reliability of the attachment between the support plate 59 and the retaining wall 2, as a preferred implementation option, it is preferable that a support pad 591 formed by a flexible material is further fixedly disposed on the other end surface of the support plate 59, and the support pad 591 may be a rubber pad, and has a thickness of 0.3-10 mm, wherein the support pad 591 is in contact with the retaining wall 2, so that the use of the flexible material is helpful for improving the contact attachment, and when the thickness is greater than 10mm, the support pad 591 may be further compressed or relaxed due to the shake generated during the operation of the water mill drilling machine 4, so that the support plate 59 is not beneficial to the close attachment with the retaining wall 2 under the condition of continuous vibration, and therefore, the thickness of the support pad 591 needs to be controlled.
As shown in fig. 9, in order to improve the portability and reduce the self weight, as a preferred implementation option, the supporting connection plate 51 is preferably a hollow rectangular plate structure.
Referring to one of fig. 2, 3, 7, 8 and 9, the method for using the auxiliary supporting device 5 of the top rod of the water mill drilling machine is as follows:
(1) after the water mill drilling machine 4 is placed in place, the span of the supporting connecting plate 51 and the auxiliary supporting arm 53 is moderate by estimating the required width of the two ends of the water mill drilling machine ejector rod auxiliary supporting device 5 required to be abutted against the protective wall 2, then rotating the connecting sleeve 54, and then attaching the supporting plate 59 to the inner wall of the corresponding protective wall 2;
(2) the mandril 42 of the water mill drilling machine 4 is rotated to ascend, the upper end of the mandril 42 penetrates into the blind groove 511 of the supporting connecting plate 51, the supporting connecting plate 51 and the mandril 42 are locked and fixed relatively, and the lower end of the supporting connecting plate 51 of the auxiliary supporting device 5 is further propped against the lower side of the supporting connecting plate 51 of the auxiliary supporting device 5, so that the matching of the auxiliary supporting device 5 and the water mill drilling machine 4 can be completed.
The above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent devices or equivalent processes performed by the present invention through the contents of the specification and the drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A manual hole digging pile hole forming method for tunneling large-particle-diameter moderate weathering nuclei is used for tunneling and forming the holes encountering the large-particle-diameter moderate weathering nuclei during tunneling of the manual hole digging pile, wherein a plurality of protective walls with conical inner outlines are arranged on the portion of the tunneled manual hole digging pile, and small opening ends of the conical protective walls are abutted to or inserted into large opening ends of the protective walls above the protective walls, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) arranging a plurality of core taking points of the water mill drilling machine around the preset pile hole, ensuring that the core taking outlines of the core taking points are tangent to the inner wall of the pile hole, and intersecting the core taking outlines between adjacent core taking points;
(2) erecting a derrick, a water mill drilling machine and a water mill drilling machine ejector rod auxiliary supporting device, enabling a drilling cylinder of the water mill drilling machine to be opposite to a coring point position, meanwhile, enabling the upper end of the ejector rod of the water mill drilling machine to be abutted against the auxiliary supporting device, fixing two ends of the auxiliary supporting device with the inner side wall of a protective wall, starting the water mill drilling machine to sequentially core along a plurality of preset water mill drilling machine coring point positions, taking out and clearing a core when each coring point position is completed, adjusting the water mill drilling machine to enable the drilling cylinder to be opposite to the next coring point position, and enabling a pile core rock mass completely separated from the inner wall of a preset pile hole to be formed in the pile hole until all coring is completed;
(3) drilling a plurality of drill holes with preset depths on the pile core rock mass according to the preset separation number;
(4) inserting a steel wedge into the drilling hole, then hammering the steel wedge by a sledge hammer to enable the rock mass corresponding to the drilling hole area to obtain a horizontal impact force, pulling and cracking the rock along the plumb face under the action of the horizontal impact force, and enabling the bottom of the rock to be subjected to horizontal shearing and cracking, and repeating the operation on other corresponding drilling holes to enable the corresponding rock mass to be sequentially cracked until the pile core rock mass is completely cracked and cleared;
(5) correcting and rectifying the inner wall of the pile hole to enable the serrated inner wall part to be cleaned after coring, enabling the effective pile diameter of the pile hole to be within the specification requirement range of the pile diameter of the preset pile hole, laying the core-taking point position of the water mill drilling machine at the next tunneling depth, and repeating the steps (1) to (4) until the tunneling of the medium weathering nucleus in the large particle diameter is completed.
2. The method for forming a hole in a manually excavated pile for excavation of weathering core with a large particle size and a medium particle size according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the diameter of the drill cylinder is 16cm, the depth of the drilled hole is 500 to 600mm, and the drill cylinder is inclined to the outer side of the pile hole by 2 to 5 degrees during drilling.
3. The manual hole digging pile hole forming method for tunneling weathered nuclei with large particle size and medium particle size as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), cores taken out after coring by the water mill drilling machine are synchronously transported outside by using a bucket; and (4) secondarily crushing the split rock mass in the step (4) to be within a preset specification, and transporting the rock mass outside through a winch and a bucket.
4. The method for forming a hole in a manual bored pile for excavating weathered nuclei with a large particle size and a medium particle size according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the water mill drilling machine comprises a drill cylinder which is connected with an engine and is driven by the engine to rotate for drilling, the edge of the lower end face of the drill cylinder is provided with diamond teeth formed by a titanium alloy material in a circular array, and the method for arranging the diamond teeth on the edge of the lower end face of the drill cylinder comprises the following steps: heating the copper sheet to over 1000 ℃ through high-frequency induction heating equipment, melting the copper sheet into liquid to be used as a binder, and bonding the diamond teeth on the drill cylinder, wherein a copper gas welding solvent is also added in the copper sheet melting process.
5. The method for forming the hole in the manual bored pile for excavating the moderately weathered nucleus with the large particle size according to claim 4, wherein the number of the diamond teeth is 7, and the surface of the bonding part between the diamond teeth and the edge of the lower end face of the drill cylinder is alternately provided with the titanium nitride coating and the titanium aluminum nitride coating by a physical vapor deposition method.
6. The method for forming a hole in a manual bored pile for excavating weathered nuclei in large-particle sizes according to claim 5, wherein the titanium nitride coating and the titanium aluminum nitride coating are applied to the surface of the bonding part between the diamond tooth and the edge of the lower end face of the drill barrel by:
s1, cleaning the surface of the bonding part between the diamond teeth and the edge of the lower end face of the drill cylinder;
s2, grinding the surface of the bonding part between the diamond teeth and the edge of the lower end face of the drill cylinder by using abrasive paper to form a vertical grinding mark in the same axial direction as the drill cylinder;
s3, depositing a titanium nitride coating on the surface of the bonding part by adopting a physical vapor deposition method;
and S4, depositing a titanium aluminum nitride coating on the titanium nitride coating on the surface of the bonding part by adopting a physical vapor deposition method.
7. The method for forming a hole in a manually excavated pile for excavating weathered nuclei with a large particle size according to claim 6, wherein the titanium nitride coating and the titanium aluminum nitride coating have a thickness of 2 μm.
8. The method for forming a hole in a manual dug pile for excavating weathered nuclei with large particle size and medium particle size according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary supporting device for the top rod of the water mill drilling machine in the step (2) comprises:
the supporting and connecting plate is of a rectangular plate structure, extension rods are coaxially arranged in the middle of two axial end faces of the supporting and connecting plate, the extension rods are round rods, external threads are arranged at one ends of the extension rods, which are far away from the supporting and connecting plate, and blind grooves used for being in splicing fit with the upper ends of ejector rods of the water mill drilling machine are formed in one end face of the supporting and connecting plate;
a pair of auxiliary support arm, with the extension rod one-to-one at supporting connection board both ends, it includes:
the connecting sleeve is of a cylindrical structure with one open end, and an internal thread matched with the external thread on the extension rod is arranged in the cylindrical structure and is in threaded connection with the end part, far away from the supporting connecting plate, of the extension rod;
the outer ring of the connecting bearing is fixedly connected with the end part of the connecting sleeve far away from the extension rod through a fixed connecting ring;
the connecting seat is of a U-shaped structure, and one side of the connecting seat, which is far away from the U-shaped structure, is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the connecting bearing through a fixed shaft;
one end of the rotating connecting plate is rotatably connected in the U-shaped structure of the connecting seat through a pin shaft;
and the center of one end face of the supporting plate is fixedly welded with the other end of the rotating connecting plate into a whole, and the other end face of the supporting plate is used for being attached to the surface of the protective wall.
9. The method for forming a hole in a manual dug pile for excavating weathering nuclei with large particle size and medium weathering according to claim 8, wherein a support pad formed of a flexible material is further fixedly arranged on the other end face of the support plate, and the thickness of the support pad is 0.3-10 mm.
10. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the supporting connection plate is a hollow rectangular plate structure.
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| US20130180784A1 (en) * | 2010-09-22 | 2013-07-18 | Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab | Rock drill bit and a drilling assembly for percussive rock drilling |
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