CN112205262A - Synergistic cultivation method for intercropping and symbiosis of outdoor ginger and high-stalk corn - Google Patents
Synergistic cultivation method for intercropping and symbiosis of outdoor ginger and high-stalk corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN112205262A CN112205262A CN202011154778.XA CN202011154778A CN112205262A CN 112205262 A CN112205262 A CN 112205262A CN 202011154778 A CN202011154778 A CN 202011154778A CN 112205262 A CN112205262 A CN 112205262A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ginger planting, and discloses a synergistic cultivation method for intercropping of outdoor ginger and high-stalk corn. Applying base fertilizer, removing impurities in the ginger land to be planted, and spreading bio-organic fertilizer, vegetable cake fertilizer and compound fertilizer; soil cultivation, namely mechanically cultivating the land applied with the base fertilizer, making side ditches around the ginger field blocks, deeply ploughing, hoeing and ploughing the field, and finely ploughing the soil for later use; selecting seeds and accelerating germination, namely selecting the seeds of the ginger prepared in the last year, carrying out petal seed selection, sun seed drying, disinfection, bagging in a net and accelerating germination under dark conditions; sowing and planting ginger seeds, planting the ginger seeds subjected to germination acceleration in a sowing ditch prepared in advance, covering with an agricultural film, preserving heat and moisture; corn is intercropped in the ginger land, high-stalk corn is planted in the open ginger land, and strong sunlight in summer is shielded by the corn plants; and (5) field management. The invention can obviously avoid serious burn of the strong sunlight to the ginger plant leaves in the midsummer season, and obviously improve and optimize the soil physicochemical property and the microbial population structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ginger planting, and particularly relates to a synergistic cultivation method for intercropping and symbiosis of outdoor ginger and high-stalk corn.
Background
At present, the open field cultivation of ginger is the most extensive in China, and the common phenomenon that the edges and the leaf tips of plants are withered due to strong sunlight burns in the summer of the open field cultivation of ginger in both the north and the south causes yield reduction and income reduction in addition to the damage of drought. The ginger has the biological characteristics of preferring half yin and not resisting strong light, so that the high-stalk corn crops reasonably intercropped in the open ginger cultivation field in the full summer can shield partial sunlight, the damage of the strong light of the full summer sun to the leaves of the ginger plants can be effectively avoided, the normal growth of the ginger is ensured, and the yield and the efficiency are increased.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the existing ginger planting method has the defects that strong light seriously damages the leaves of ginger plants in midsummer seasons, so that the normal growth of the plants is influenced, and the yield and the economic benefit of the ginger are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a synergistic cultivation method for intercropping of outdoor ginger and high-stalk corn.
The invention is realized in such a way that the synergistic cultivation method for intercropping the open-air ginger and the high-stalk corn comprises the following steps:
applying base fertilizer, removing impurities in the ginger land to be planted, and taking measures of bio-organic fertilizer, foreign manure, rape seed cake fertilizer and compound fertilizer;
soil cultivation, namely mechanically cultivating the land applied with the base fertilizer, making side ditches around the ginger field blocks, deeply ploughing, hoeing and ploughing the field, and finely ploughing the soil deeply for later use;
selecting seeds and accelerating germination, namely selecting the seeds of the ginger prepared in the last year, carrying out petal seed selection, sun seed drying, disinfection, bagging in a net and accelerating germination under dark conditions;
sowing and planting ginger seeds, planting the ginger seeds subjected to germination acceleration in a sowing ditch prepared in advance, covering with an agricultural film, preserving heat and moisture;
corn is intercropped in the ginger land, high-stalk corn is planted in the open ginger land, and strong sunlight in summer is shielded by the corn plants;
and (5) field management.
Further, applying base fertilizer, removing impurities in a ginger land to be planted, and taking measures of 1000 kg/mu of bio-organic fertilizer and foreign manure, 100 kg/mu of rapeseed cake fertilizer and 100kg of compound fertilizer;
soil cultivation, mechanically cultivating the land with base fertilizer in 15 days before Qingming festival, making side ditches around the ginger field with depth of 70cm and width of 50cm, deep-ploughing, ploughing and ploughing to 50cm, fine-ploughing to 40cm2And then, standby.
Further, selecting seeds for germination, selecting the seeds of the ginger prepared in the last year, carrying out petal type seed selection, sun seed drying, disinfection and bagging on the seeds in sunny days, and accelerating germination for 15-20 days under the dark condition of 20-28 ℃.
Further, the ginger sowing time is as follows: from mid-4 th to last 5 th month.
Further, when the temperature reaches above 16 ℃, the ginger seeds which are well germinated are sown and planted.
Furthermore, the planting distance of ginger seeds is 25cm, and the row distance is 50 cm.
Furthermore, in the middle of 5 months to the end of 5 months, high-stalk corns are planted in the open-field ginger planting field every 7 rows of gingers.
Furthermore, the height of the corn plants can reach 1.6m to 2m in the middle 7 th month.
Furthermore, the serious damage of strong sunlight to the leaves of ginger plants can be obviously avoided in the midsummer season of production field planting, and the burn rate of the leaves is reduced by more than 70%.
Further, sowing and planting ginger seeds, planting the sprouted ginger seeds in a sowing ditch prepared in advance according to the plant spacing of 25cm and the row spacing of 50cm, and covering with an agricultural film for heat preservation and moisture preservation;
the method is characterized in that corns are intercropped in the ginger field, high-stalk corns are planted in the open ginger field at intervals of 3 m from the middle ten days of 5 months to the last ten days of 5 months, the height of the corns can reach 1.6m to 2m from the middle ten days of 7 months, and strong sunlight in summer is shielded by the corn plants.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the plant height of the corn in late 7 months can reach 1.6m to 2m, and the strong sunlight in summer is shielded by the corn plant. The strong sunlight can be obviously prevented from causing serious burn to the leaves of the ginger plants in the midsummer season of production field planting, the burn rate of the leaves is reduced by more than 70 percent, and the method is favorable for the normal growth of the ginger plants. The synergistic cultivation method for the intercropping symbiosis of the ginger and the high-stalk corn improves the pH value of ginger rhizosphere soil, promotes the absorption and utilization rate of ginger root systems on N and organic matters in the soil to be respectively improved by 8.64 percent and 16.72 percent, and increases 3 types of beneficial microorganisms AM fungi in the soil. Obviously improves and optimizes the soil physicochemical property and the microbial population structure, obviously improves the ginger yield by 260kg per mu, increases the ginger yield by 16 percent, and increases the economic benefit by 1560 yuan per mu. The synergistic cultivation method for ginger and high-stalk corn intercropping symbiosis can obviously avoid serious burn of strong light to ginger plant leaves in the midsummer season, ensure normal plant growth and improve the yield and economic benefit of ginger.
The synergistic cultivation method for the intercropping symbiosis of the outdoor gingers and the high-stalk corns can obviously avoid serious burn of strong sunlight to ginger plant leaves in the midsummer season, obviously improve and optimize the soil physicochemical property and the microbial population structure, improve the pH value of ginger rhizosphere soil, promote the absorption of ginger root systems to N and organic matters in the soil, increase the types of beneficial microorganism AM fungi in the soil and obviously improve the yield and the economic benefit of the gingers.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a synergistic cultivation method for intercropping between open-field ginger and high-stalk corn according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a synergistic cultivation method for intercropping of open-field ginger and high-stalk corn, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for synergistic cultivation of open field ginger and high stalk corn in intercropping provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes:
s101: applying base fertilizer, removing impurities in a ginger land to be planted, and taking measures of 1000 kg/mu of bio-organic fertilizer and 100 kg/mu of rapeseed cake fertilizer and 100kg of compound fertilizer;
s102: soil cultivation, mechanically cultivating the land with base fertilizer in 15 days before Qingming festival, making side ditches around the ginger field with depth of 70cm and width of 50cm, deep-ploughing, ploughing and ploughing to 50cm, fine-ploughing to 40cm2Secondly, standby;
s103: selecting seeds and accelerating germination, selecting the seeds of the ginger prepared in the last year, carrying out petal type seed selection, sun-drying, sterilizing and bagging on the seeds in a net bag in sunny days, and accelerating germination for 15-20 days under the dark condition of 20-28 ℃;
s104: sowing and planting ginger seeds, planting the sprouted ginger seeds in a sowing ditch prepared in advance according to the plant spacing of 25cm and the row spacing of 50cm, and covering with an agricultural film for heat preservation and moisture preservation;
s105: intercropping corns in the ginger field, planting high-stalk corns every 3 m in the open-field ginger field from the middle ten days of 5 months to the last ten days of 5 months, wherein the height of the corns in the middle ten days of 7 months can reach 1.6m to 2m, and blocking strong sunlight in summer by the corn plants;
s106: and (5) field management.
In the invention, the ginger sowing time is as follows: from mid-4 th to last 5 th month.
In the invention, the ginger seeds which are well germinated are sown and planted when the temperature reaches above 16 ℃.
In the invention, the planting distance of ginger seeds is 25cm, and the row distance is 50 cm.
In the method, the high-stalk corns are planted in every 7 rows of ginger in the open-field ginger planting field from the middle of 5 months to the end of 5 months.
In the invention, the height of the corn plant can reach 1.6m to 2m in the middle 7 th month, and the strong sunlight in summer is shielded by the corn plant.
In the invention, the severe damage of strong sunlight to the leaves of ginger plants can be obviously avoided in the midsummer season of production field planting, the burn rate of the leaves is reduced by more than 70 percent, and the method is favorable for the normal growth of the ginger plants.
In the invention, the synergistic cultivation method for ginger and high-stalk corn intercropping symbiosis obviously reduces burning diseases, improves the pH value of ginger rhizosphere soil, promotes the absorption and utilization rate of ginger root systems to N, P and organic matters in soil, and increases 3 types of microorganism AM fungal spore species in soil.
In the invention, the soil physicochemical property and the microbial population structure are obviously improved and optimized, the ginger yield is improved by 260 kg/mu, the yield is increased by 16 percent, and the economic benefit is increased by 1560 yuan/mu.
TABLE 1 influence of ginger-maize intercropping symbiosis on soil physicochemical properties, AM fungal spore types and growth
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for the synergistic cultivation of the intercropping symbiosis of the open-air ginger and the high-stalk corn is characterized by comprising the following steps:
applying base fertilizer, removing impurities in the ginger land to be planted, and spreading bio-organic fertilizer, vegetable cake fertilizer and compound fertilizer;
soil cultivation, namely mechanically cultivating the land applied with the base fertilizer, making side ditches around the ginger field blocks, deeply ploughing, hoeing and ploughing the field, and finely ploughing the soil for later use;
selecting seeds and accelerating germination, namely selecting the seeds of the ginger prepared in the last year, carrying out petal seed selection, sun seed drying, disinfection, bagging in a net and accelerating germination under dark conditions;
sowing and planting ginger seeds, planting the ginger seeds subjected to germination acceleration in a sowing ditch prepared in advance, covering with an agricultural film, preserving heat and moisture;
corn is intercropped in the ginger land, high-stalk corn is planted in the open ginger land, and strong sunlight in summer is shielded by the corn plants;
and (5) field management.
2. The method for the synergistic cultivation of the open field ginger and the high stalk corn for intercropping and symbiosis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base fertilizer is applied, the impurities are removed in the field to be planted with the ginger, the measures are biological organic fertilizer and foreign manure are 1000 kg/mu, the rapeseed cake fertilizer is 100 kg/mu and the compound fertilizer is 100 kg;
soil cultivation, mechanically cultivating the land with base fertilizer in 15 days before Qingming festival, making side ditches around the ginger field with depth of 70cm and width of 50cm, deep-ploughing, ploughing and ploughing to 50cm, fine-ploughing to 40cm2And then, standby.
3. The method for the synergistic cultivation of the open field ginger and the high stalk corn in the intercropping manner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seeds are selected for germination, the ginger seeds prepared in the last year are selected, petal seeds are planted, sun-planted, sterilized and bagged in a net in sunny days, and the germination is performed for 15-20 days under the dark condition of 20-28 ℃.
4. The method for the synergistic cultivation of the open field ginger and the high stalk corn in intercropping and symbiosis according to claim 1, wherein the sowing time of the ginger is as follows: from mid-4 th to last 5 th month.
5. The method for the synergistic cultivation of the open field ginger and the high stalk corn in the intercropping mode according to claim 1, wherein the ginger seeds which are well germinated are sown and planted when the air temperature reaches more than 16 ℃.
6. The method for the synergistic cultivation of open field ginger and tall stalk corn in intercropping and symbiosis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ginger seeds are sowed and planted at a plant spacing of 25cm and a row spacing of 50 cm.
7. The method for the synergistic cultivation of the open field ginger and the tall corns for intercropping, according to claim 1, wherein the tall corns are planted every 7 rows of ginger in the open field ginger planting field from the middle to the end of 5 months.
8. The method for the synergistic cultivation of open field ginger and tall stalk corn in intercropping according to claim 1, wherein the plant height of corn is up to 1.6m to 2m by 7 months.
9. The method for the synergistic cultivation of the open field ginger and the high stalk corn in intercropping according to claim 1, wherein the severe burn of the ginger plant leaves caused by strong sunlight can be obviously avoided in the midsummer of production field planting, and the burn rate of the leaves can be reduced by more than 70%.
10. The method for the synergistic cultivation of the open field ginger and the tall stalk corn in the intercropping and symbiosis mode according to claim 1, wherein ginger seeds are sown and planted, the ginger seeds which are well germinated are planted in sowing ditches which are prepared in advance according to the plant spacing of 25cm and the row spacing of 50cm, and agricultural films are covered for heat preservation and moisture preservation;
the method is characterized in that corns are intercropped in the ginger field, high-stalk corns are planted in the open ginger field at intervals of 3 m from the middle ten days of 5 months to the last ten days of 5 months, the height of the corns can reach 1.6m to 2m from the middle ten days of 7 months, and strong sunlight in summer is shielded by the corn plants.
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Patent Citations (6)
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| US20120272405A1 (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2012-10-25 | Instituto Valenciano De Ivestigaciones Agrarias | Repellent compositions and genetic approaches for controlling huanglongbing |
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| CN106416888A (en) * | 2016-09-24 | 2017-02-22 | 安徽省拓谷平川农业综合开发有限公司 | Planting method for organic tea intercropping |
| CN107567995A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-01-12 | 普定县绿源苗业开发有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of interplanting corn ginger |
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Application publication date: 20210112 |