CN112197806A - Method for installing equipment for monitoring movement deformation, hydrology and stress of coal mining subsidence area - Google Patents
Method for installing equipment for monitoring movement deformation, hydrology and stress of coal mining subsidence area Download PDFInfo
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- CN112197806A CN112197806A CN202011027486.XA CN202011027486A CN112197806A CN 112197806 A CN112197806 A CN 112197806A CN 202011027486 A CN202011027486 A CN 202011027486A CN 112197806 A CN112197806 A CN 112197806A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for installing equipment for monitoring movement deformation, hydrology and stress of a coal mining subsidence area, which comprises the following steps: lowering the stress monitoring equipment, the inclinometer pipe and the grouting pipe into a monitoring hole of the coal mining subsidence area; the stress monitoring equipment is positioned at the bottom of the monitoring hole and the depth of the stress monitoring equipment is greater than the preset depth of the inclinometer pipe, the grouting pipe and the inclinometer pipe are installed at the same time and positioned outside the inclinometer pipe, and a through hole is formed in the body of the inclinometer pipe and wrapped by geotextile; grouting and anchoring the bottom stress monitoring equipment through a grouting pipe; a plurality of fixed inclinometers are arranged in the inclinometer pipe in a downward way, and a osmometer is arranged in the bottom area in the inclinometer pipe; and connecting the stress monitoring equipment, the fixed inclinometer and the osmometer data cable with a ground data acquisition and transmission system. The embodiment of the invention is applied to the broken rock and soil mass in the coal mining subsidence area, and the overburden moving deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment is integrated in one monitoring hole for installation, so that the installation time of the monitoring equipment and the construction cost of the monitoring hole are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of monitoring of deep rock and soil mass in a coal mining subsidence area, in particular to an installation method of equipment for monitoring movement deformation, hydrology and stress of the coal mining subsidence area.
Background
When the coal mining subsidence area of the coal mine is utilized, certain pore fractures still exist in overlying strata influenced by coal mining, and the relevant data of the overlying strata movement deformation and the earth surface movement deformation have certain difference; the stress, residual movement, water level change and the like inside the overburden rock in the mine subsidence area are unknown. Therefore, the overburden internal stress, residual movement deformation and water level change conditions of the coal mining subsidence area of the coal mine need to be monitored, and technical support is provided for analyzing and evaluating the foundation space stability of the coal mining subsidence area.
The matrix movement deformation in the overburden rock is the essence of the earth surface movement deformation, and the earth surface movement deformation is the transmission and reflection of the overburden rock movement deformation. At present, the equipment for monitoring the moving deformation inside the overburden mainly comprises a drilling inclinometer, a drilling deflectometer, a resistance type or inductance type landslide monitoring instrument, an optical fiber sensor and the like. The stress in the deep rock-soil body of the coal mining subsidence area of the coal mine is complex, and the stress monitoring is difficult to obtain. Stress monitoring of deep rock-soil bodies generally requires that strain gauges are buried in the rock-soil bodies through drilling to monitor stress values of the peripheries of the rock-soil bodies. The common monitoring equipment for water level in rock and soil bodies is a water level gauge.
The water level (including water temperature) monitoring is generally realized by an osmometer, and the method needs to reversely calculate the change of the water level by monitoring the hydrostatic pressure; and stress monitoring generally fully contacts stress monitoring devices with rock-soil bodies, needs to be realized through concrete anchoring or the fixed mode of inflation, and the fixed mode of inflation can not realize long-term stable fixed, and concrete anchoring has a great influence on hydrostatic pressure monitoring. Therefore, the water level and the stress monitoring are incompatible, and the compatibility between the deformation monitoring and the water level monitoring or between the deformation monitoring and the stress monitoring is better.
At present, three kinds of monitoring of moving deformation, stress and water level are generally monitored by adopting a special hole technology, namely, for each kind of monitoring, a hole is drilled respectively and corresponding equipment is adopted for monitoring. Or a one-hole dual-purpose technology is adopted, namely, the stress and the deformation or the water level and the deformation are monitored by using one drilling hole, and the other monitoring method is independently used by using one drilling hole. For monitoring of deep rock soil, a special control technology needs three drilling holes, the engineering quantity of the drilling holes is large, the cost is high, and the construction period is long. Although the number of drilling holes required by the one-hole dual-purpose technology is reduced to two, the time cost and the expense cost of drilling holes are still high.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for installing equipment for monitoring movement deformation, hydrology and stress of a coal mining subsidence area, which is used for solving the defects of high time cost and high cost of drilling by a special hole technology and a one-hole dual-purpose technology in the prior art and realizing three purposes of one hole.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for installing equipment for monitoring movement deformation, hydrology and stress of a coal mining subsidence area, which comprises the following steps:
lowering a stress monitoring device, an inclinometer pipe and a steel wire framework grouting hose into a monitoring hole of a coal mining subsidence area; the stress monitoring equipment is positioned at the bottom of the monitoring hole, the lowering depth of the stress monitoring equipment is greater than the preset depth of the inclinometer pipe, the steel wire framework grouting hose is positioned on the outer side of the inclinometer pipe, and a through hole is formed in the pipe body of the inclinometer pipe and is wrapped by geotextile;
grouting and anchoring the stress monitoring equipment at the bottom of the monitoring hole through the steel wire framework grouting hose;
a plurality of fixed inclinometers are arranged in the inclinometer pipe in a downward way, and an osmometer is arranged in the bottom area in the inclinometer pipe;
connecting the stress monitoring equipment, the fixed inclinometer and the osmometer by a data cable with a ground data acquisition and transmission system; the ground data acquisition and transmission system is used for acquiring and transmitting the stress of the deep rock-soil body in the coal mining subsidence area monitored by the stress monitoring equipment, the water level of the rock-soil body monitored by the osmometer and the moving deformation of the rock-soil body monitored by the fixed inclinometer.
According to the coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, before the step of putting the stress monitoring equipment, the inclinometer pipe and the steel wire framework grouting hose into the monitoring hole of the coal mining subsidence area, the method further comprises the following steps:
determining the diameter of the inclinometer according to the installation of the fixed inclinometer and the osmometer;
determining the aperture of the monitoring hole according to the diameter of the inclinometer pipe and the construction of the grouting anchoring section where the stress monitoring equipment is located;
performing one-time hole forming of a ground drilling machine on the coal mining subsidence area;
and if the aperture of the disposable pore-forming is smaller than that of the monitoring hole, carrying out secondary reaming on the monitoring hole so as to enable the secondary reaming aperture to reach the aperture of the monitoring hole.
According to the coal mining subsidence area movement deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method of the embodiment of the invention, the stress monitoring equipment is a steel bar stress meter;
the length range of the reinforcing steel bar stress meter is 0.8m to 1.5 m.
According to the coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method, a pair of porous flange plates are additionally arranged at the top end of the steel bar stress meter, and a cable of the steel bar stress meter penetrates through the pair of porous flange plates; the porous flange plate at the bottom end is used for limiting the position of a cable of the steel bar stress meter; and a cable of the steel bar stress meter passes through the central hole of the uppermost flange plate.
According to the coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method, the aperture of the steel wire framework grouting pipe is not larger than 24 mm.
According to the coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, before the step of putting the stress monitoring equipment, the inclinometer pipe and the steel wire framework grouting hose into the monitoring hole of the coal mining subsidence area, the method further comprises the following steps:
loading the cable of the stress monitoring device into a PVC pipe;
wrapping the inclinometer pipe with non-woven fabric;
and fixing the inclinometer pipe wrapped by the non-woven fabric, the steel wire framework grouting hose and a cable of the stress monitoring equipment filled in the PVC pipe by using a binding band.
According to the coal mining subsidence area movement deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method, the step of wrapping the inclinometer by the non-woven fabric further comprises the following steps of:
numbering and counting each section of inclinometer;
according to the serial number of each section of the inclinometer pipe, each section of the inclinometer pipe is sequentially placed into the monitoring hole, so that each section of the placed inclinometer pipe is inserted into the pipe joint of the inclinometer pipe placed last time;
before a first section of inclinometer pipe is placed into the monitoring hole, sealing one end, without an external joint, of the first section of inclinometer pipe;
if the inclinometer pipe floats upwards under the action of water in the monitoring hole, clear water is injected into the inclinometer pipe;
and after the length of the inclinometer pipe in the monitoring hole reaches a preset length, adjusting the direction of the grooves in the inclinometer pipe to ensure that the pair of grooves in the inclinometer pipe is perpendicular to the measuring surface.
According to the coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method of one embodiment of the invention, the step of adopting a drainage grouting anchoring method for the stress monitoring equipment through the steel wire framework grouting hose comprises the following steps:
simultaneously lowering the steel wire framework grouting hose and the inclinometer pipe, and inserting the steel wire framework grouting hose and the inclinometer pipe to the bottom of the monitoring hole;
injecting mortar from the hole bottom of the monitoring hole through the steel wire framework grouting hose by using a ground grouting pump; wherein the pressure range for injecting the mortar is 0.3 to 0.6 MPa.
According to the coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method of one embodiment of the invention, the steps of installing a plurality of fixed inclinometers in the down-put of the inclinometer and installing an osmometer in the bottom area of the inclinometer comprise:
connecting the plurality of fixed inclinometers by using connecting rods and then installing;
and installing the osmometer at the middle height of the penultimate inclinometer in the inclinometer.
According to the coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the step of performing grouting anchoring on the stress monitoring equipment at the bottom of the monitoring hole through the steel wire framework grouting hose further comprises the following steps:
applying medium sand or coarse sand between the hole wall of the monitoring hole and the inclinometer pipe for backfilling, and injecting clear water into the inclinometer pipe; wherein the backfilling speed is less than the preset speed;
after the stress monitoring equipment is filled back, covering a pipe cover of the inclinometer pipe, and fixing the fixed inclinometer, the osmometer and data cables of the stress monitoring equipment, the fixed inclinometer and the osmometer;
and after the preset time interval, if the backfill material between the hole wall of the monitoring hole and the inclinometer pipe sinks and/or the gap is compressed, backfilling the space between the hole wall of the monitoring hole and the inclinometer pipe again.
According to the coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the stress monitoring equipment is subjected to grouting anchoring at the bottom of the monitoring hole by using the grouting pipe, the fixed inclinometer and the osmometer are installed in the inclinometer, and the through hole is formed in the pipe body of the inclinometer to eliminate the water-resisting performance of the inclinometer, so that the coal mining subsidence area deep rock and soil body mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment is integrated in one monitoring hole for installation, and the monitoring time and cost are reduced on the basis of ensuring accurate monitoring on the mobile deformation, hydrology and stress.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a hole three-purpose installation process in a coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of installation of a fixed inclinometer in a coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The following describes a schematic flow chart of a coal mining subsidence area movement deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method according to an embodiment of the invention with reference to fig. 1, which includes: s101, lowering a stress monitoring device, an inclinometer pipe and a grouting pipe into a monitoring hole of a coal mining subsidence area; the stress monitoring equipment is positioned at the bottom of the monitoring hole, the lowering depth of the stress monitoring equipment is greater than the preset depth of the inclinometer pipe, the steel wire framework grouting hose and the inclinometer pipe are installed at the same time, the steel wire framework grouting hose is positioned on the outer side of the inclinometer pipe, and a through hole is formed in the body of the inclinometer pipe and is wrapped by geotextile;
specifically, three monitoring devices of movement deformation, stress and water level are arranged in one deep monitoring hole of the coal mining subsidence area simultaneously, and the purpose of three purposes in one hole is achieved. Wherein the mobile deformation monitoring equipment of selection is fixed inclinometer, and the quantity is 7 to 12 to monitor the deformation of the rock and soil body of different depths. Osmometer 1 and stress monitoring device 1-2.
First, the inclinometer, the stress monitoring equipment and the grouting hose are simultaneously lowered to the bottom of the hole. Wherein the stress monitoring device is advanced a predetermined distance, such as 10 to 12 meters, from the inclinometer. The cables of the stress monitoring device are protected with PVC (polyvinyl chloride) tubing. As the monitoring of underground water level is involved, in order to eliminate the water-resisting performance of the inclinometer and ensure that the water level inside and outside the inclinometer can be communicated quickly, a through hole is arranged on the pipe body of the inclinometer. The through hole can be directly drilled in a pipe body of the inclinometer by using an electric drill with the diameter of phi 6mm or phi 8 mm. And wrapping and fixing the inclinometer by using non-woven fabrics, and marking and counting the lengths of various inclinometer cables.
S102, grouting and anchoring the stress monitoring equipment at the bottom of the monitoring hole through the steel wire framework grouting hose;
the stress monitoring equipment can be subjected to grouting anchoring by adopting a drainage method or an exhaust method, and the embodiment is not particularly limited.
S103, a plurality of fixed inclinometers are arranged in the inclinometer pipe in a downward placing mode, and an osmometer is arranged in the bottom area in the inclinometer pipe;
if the mobile deformation monitoring equipment is used for monitoring the mobile deformation of the coal rock mass within the depth range of 150m in the coal mining subsidence area of the coal mine, the cost is too high. And the optical fiber is easy to be damaged by tension, compression and shear in the moving deformation monitoring of the coal mining subsidence area of the coal mine, and has poor stability. Therefore, the present embodiment selects a fixed inclinometer with relatively low cost and high stability. The hydrological monitoring equipment selects an osmometer, and the osmometer is the most common monitoring equipment which is most widely applied, has the most mature technology, stable performance and relatively low price and can realize the change of the water level and the water temperature in the coal mining subsidence area.
After the anchoring section is solidified, fixing the inclinometer, and putting down and installing a plurality of fixed inclinometers and 1 osmometer. The mounting process is specifically shown in fig. 2.
S104, connecting the data cables of the stress monitoring equipment, the fixed inclinometer and the osmometer with a ground data acquisition and transmission system; the ground data acquisition and transmission system is used for acquiring and transmitting the stress of the deep rock-soil body in the coal mining subsidence area monitored by the stress monitoring equipment, the water level of the rock-soil body monitored by the osmometer and the moving deformation of the rock-soil body monitored by the fixed inclinometer.
The ground data acquisition and transmission system comprises a data transmission module, a solar panel, a system integration unit, a PVC support, a sensor and a base. The data collected by the sensor comprises three types of water level and temperature, stress and inclination measuring data. After the stress monitoring equipment, the fixed inclinometer and the osmometer are well connected and debugged on the ground and well tested, the ground data acquisition and automatic transmission are buried.
This embodiment carries out the slip casting anchor with stress monitoring equipment in the bottom of monitoring hole through using the slip casting pipe, installs inclinometer and osmometer in the deviational survey pipe to be provided with the through-hole on the body of deviational survey pipe and install in a monitoring hole for eliminating deviational survey pipe water proof performance, thereby will remove deformation, the integration of hydrology and stress monitoring equipment, on the basis of guaranteeing to remove deformation, the hydrology and stress carry out accurate monitoring, the time and the expense cost of monitoring have been reduced.
On the basis of above-mentioned embodiment, still include before dropping stress monitoring equipment, deviational survey pipe and steel wire framework slip casting hose to the downthehole step of monitoring in coal mining subsidence district in this embodiment: determining the diameter of the inclinometer according to the installation of the fixed inclinometer and the osmometer;
among them, the diameters of the common inclinometer pipes are four types of Φ 85mm, Φ 70mm, Φ 65mm, and Φ 53 mm. A53 mm inclinometer can typically only mount one type of equipment, and the mounting depth is typically less than 50 m. Therefore, the present embodiment selects the inclinometer with the dimension phi of 65mm and above according to the installation of the fixed inclinometer and the osmometer.
Determining the aperture of the monitoring hole according to the diameter of the inclinometer pipe and the construction of the grouting anchoring section where the stress monitoring equipment is located; performing one-time hole forming of a ground drilling machine on the coal mining subsidence area; and if the aperture of the disposable pore-forming is smaller than that of the monitoring hole, carrying out secondary reaming on the monitoring hole so as to enable the secondary reaming aperture to reach the aperture of the monitoring hole.
The maximum aperture of the primary pore-forming of the coal mine ground monitoring hole is 95mm, and the inclination of the primary pore-forming equipment with larger size cannot be ensured). And when the inclinometer pipe with the size of phi 65mm or more is installed in the monitoring hole with the hole diameter of phi 95mm, the hole diameter of the inclinometer pipe cannot ensure the construction of a grouting anchoring section for grouting and anchoring the stress monitoring equipment.
For a coal mining subsidence area, a rock stratum is broken, the lithology is soft and hard alternately, the inclination of the hole forming of the ground monitoring holes cannot be guaranteed, and the best theoretical deflection rate of the hole forming of the equipment is 1m/100 m. If the depth of the monitor hole is 150m, the deflection amount between the hole opening and the hole bottom is 1.5 m. The monitoring holes need to pass through 1-3 layers of coal mining layers in the middle, a grouting method is needed to pass through, the lithology hardness and softness are alternated, the hole openings, the coal layer A, the coal layer B, the coal layer C and the hole bottoms are arranged in sequence, and the monitoring holes are not straight lines but bent lines. The holes and mining fractures of the monitoring holes in the subsidence area are relatively developed, the hole walls are not smooth, and certain hole sizes are required to be reserved among the hole walls of the monitoring holes, the inclinometer and the stress monitoring equipment.
In order to ensure three purposes of moving deformation, stress and hydrology in a deep coal mining subsidence area, secondary hole expansion needs to be carried out on a drilling machine, and the hole forming aperture is designed to be phi 146 mm.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the stress monitoring device in this embodiment is a steel bar stress meter; the length range of the reinforcing steel bar stress meter is 0.8m to 1.5 m.
Specifically, the stress monitoring equipment which is relatively stable in a coal mining subsidence area of the coal mine is an embedded type stress meter and a reinforcing steel bar stress meter. The measuring range of the embedded type stress meter is generally small, and the stress meter anchored in the rock mass is easy to damage beyond the measuring range of the large deformation and discontinuous deformation of the coal mining subsidence area; meanwhile, the embedded type stressometer needs the elastic modulus of the peripheral rock-soil body, and the difference between the elastic modulus of the drainage method grouting body and the elastic modulus obtained in a laboratory is large, so that the measurement work is difficult. The measuring range of the steel bar stress meter can generally meet the requirements of large deformation and discontinuous deformation of a coal mining subsidence area; meanwhile, the difference of the elastic modulus of the steel bars is small, and the influence on the stress monitoring error of the coal rock mass in the subsidence area is small. Therefore, the present embodiment employs a rebar stressometer. In the embodiment, 1 to 2 steel bar stressors are arranged in the monitoring hole.
Because the monitoring hole is darker, can not guarantee that the bar stress meter is absolutely vertical. The length of the reinforcing bar section of the steel bar stress meter is generally about 20mm, and in order to reduce errors caused by installation inclination of the steel bar stress meter, the length of the reinforcing bar section of the steel bar stress meter in the embodiment is set to be 0.8-1.5 meters.
On the basis of the above embodiment, in this embodiment, a pair of porous flanges is added to the top end of the steel bar stress meter, and a cable of the steel bar stress meter passes through the pair of porous flanges; the porous flange plate at the bottom end is used for limiting the position of a cable of the steel bar stress meter; and a cable of the steel bar stress meter passes through the central hole of the uppermost flange plate.
Specifically, a pair of porous flanges is added at the top end of the steel bar stress meter, and cables of the steel bar stress meter respectively penetrate through the pair of porous flanges. Wherein the cable will pass the centre bore of the most upper portion ring flange, increases the friction of reinforcing bar stress meter, the wholeness of tensile, pulling out, pressure to guarantee to set up the in-process of reinforcing bar stress meter down, reinforcing bar stress meter is vertical as far as possible, reduces the influence of reinforcing bar stress meter gradient.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the hole diameter of the steel wire framework grouting hose in this embodiment is not greater than 24 mm.
Specifically, the conventional grouting pipe has a diameter of about Φ 48mm, occupies a large space of a monitoring hole, and is not favorable for the installation of one-hole three-purpose monitoring equipment. Receiving the limitation of the layout and the aperture of equipment in the monitoring hole, in order to reduce the size ratio of the grouting pipe in the hole, the steel wire framework grouting pipe with the diameter of phi 24mm is selected in the embodiment.
On the basis of the above embodiment, before the step of lowering the stress monitoring device, the inclinometer pipe and the steel wire framework grouting hose into the monitoring hole of the coal mining subsidence area, the method further comprises the following steps: loading the cable of the stress monitoring device into a PVC pipe; wrapping the inclinometer pipe with non-woven fabric; and fixing the inclinometer pipe and the grouting pipe which are wrapped by the non-woven fabric with the cable of the stress monitoring equipment filled in the PVC pipe by using a binding band.
Specifically, using the stress monitoring devices 1 to 2, the cables of the stress monitoring devices are protected with PVC pipes, and the stress monitoring devices are advanced from the inclinometer pipes by a preset distance, such as 10 to 12 meters. And fixing the inclinometer pipe, the grouting pipe and the cable of the stress monitoring equipment by using a binding band.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the step of wrapping the inclinometer with the non-woven fabric in this embodiment further includes: numbering and counting each section of inclinometer; according to the serial number of each section of the inclinometer pipe, each section of the inclinometer pipe is sequentially placed into the monitoring hole, so that each section of the placed inclinometer pipe is inserted into the pipe joint of the inclinometer pipe placed last time; before a first section of inclinometer pipe is placed into the monitoring hole, sealing one end, without an external joint, of the first section of inclinometer pipe; if the inclinometer pipe floats upwards under the action of water in the monitoring hole, clear water is injected into the inclinometer pipe; and after the length of the inclinometer pipe in the monitoring hole reaches a preset length, adjusting the direction of the grooves in the inclinometer pipe to ensure that the pair of grooves in the inclinometer pipe is perpendicular to the measuring surface.
Specifically, the length of the inclinometer is generally two in 2m or 4m, and the inclinometer needs to be connected to a preset length one by one. Therefore, before the inclinometer pipe is installed, the inclinometer pipes are numbered, and the inclinometer pipes are connected in sequence according to the numbers.
The connection method is a method of inserting the connection into the hole while connecting. Firstly, a bottom cover is sleeved on one end of a first inclinometer pipe without an external joint, and three self-tapping screws with phi 4mm multiplied by 10mm are used for screwing and sealing, wherein the sealing is used for preventing gaps and slurry leakage and can be wrapped and bound by geotextile. And then inserted into the monitoring hole slowly downward. After one section is placed, the next section of the inclinometer pipe is inserted into the pipe joint of the inclinometer pipe which is just placed. It is to be noted that the connection to the predetermined length must be made in this way until the end faces of the tubes meet. When the monitoring hole is deep and the weight of the inclinometer is heavy, the inclinometer can be hung downwards by a nylon rope. If the inclinometer pipe floats upwards in the monitoring hole, and the inclinometer pipe cannot be placed down, clear water is injected into the inclinometer pipe, and water is injected while the inclinometer pipe is placed down; or the drill is used for assisting in lowering.
After the length of the inclinometer pipe is installed in place, the direction of the groove needs to be adjusted, the joint on the last section of the inclinometer pipe is taken down firstly, the direction of the groove in the pipe is seen clearly, the pipe is lifted upwards a little, and the inclinometer pipe is rotated to ensure that a pair of grooves in the inclinometer pipe is perpendicular to the measuring surface.
On the basis of each embodiment, the step of grouting and anchoring the stress monitoring equipment at the bottom of the monitoring hole through the steel wire framework grouting hose in the embodiment comprises the following steps: simultaneously lowering the steel wire framework grouting hose and the inclinometer pipe, and inserting the steel wire framework grouting hose and the inclinometer pipe to the bottom of the monitoring hole; injecting mortar from the hole bottom of the monitoring hole through the grouting pipe by using a ground grouting pump; wherein the pressure range of the injected mortar is 0.3 to 0.6 MPa.
Specifically, when the stress monitoring equipment is grouted and anchored, the adopted material is cement paste or cement mortar. The grouting is required to be full, and too many bubbles cannot exist. If the construction is carried out by adopting an exhaust grouting method under the condition, namely, a grouting pipe is inserted to the bottom of the hole, mortar is injected from the bottom of the hole, and grouting is carried out from the bottom of the hole to the direction of the orifice. If a crack occurs, the grouting length must be ensured. The strength grade is not less than 10, and the medicine is thin and not thick. And a grouting machine is adopted for grouting the monitoring holes, and the grouting pressure is kept between 0.3 and 0.6 MPa.
On the basis of the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the step of installing a plurality of fixed inclinometers downward in the inclinometer and installing an osmometer at the bottom area in the inclinometer includes: connecting the plurality of fixed inclinometers by using connecting rods and then installing; and installing the osmometer at the middle height of the penultimate inclinometer in the inclinometer.
Specifically, the osmometer is arranged at a height in the middle of the penultimate inclinometer. The osmometer and the inclinometer are installed at the same time. The osmometer is placed at the bottom end inside the inclinometer pipe, the pressure of the osmometer is measured and converted into the water head elevation, and the groundwater elevation in the monitoring hole can be obtained by combining the installation depth and the orifice elevation. The measurement accuracy depends on the accuracy of the osmometer, and the error is less than 10 mm.
The inclinometers are connected and mounted with a connecting rod, as shown in fig. 3. The working principle of the series fixed inclinometer is to measure the change of an included angle between the axis of the inclinometer pipe and a plumb line, thereby calculating the horizontal displacement of a measured structure at different depths. In the long-term monitoring process, if the series fixed inclinometer deviates to a new position from an initial position, the internal displacement can be automatically calculated through an initial measurement angle and a current real-time measurement angle.
On the basis of each embodiment, in this embodiment, the step of performing grouting anchoring on the stress monitoring equipment at the bottom of the monitoring hole through the steel wire framework grouting hose further includes: backfilling by applying medium sand or coarse sand between the hole wall of the monitoring hole and the inclinometer; wherein the backfilling speed is less than the preset speed; after the stress monitoring equipment is filled back, covering a pipe cover of the inclinometer pipe, and fixing the fixed inclinometer, the osmometer and data cables of the stress monitoring equipment, the fixed inclinometer and the osmometer; and after the preset time interval, if the backfill material between the hole wall of the monitoring hole and the inclinometer pipe sinks and/or the gap is compressed, backfilling the space between the hole wall of the monitoring hole and the inclinometer pipe again.
Specifically, when backfilling is carried out, clear water is continuously injected into the inclinometer pipe, the pipe is filled with the clear water, and the clear water is kept full, so that slurry is prevented from permeating into the inclinometer pipe during backfilling. The backfilled raw materials are determined according to the monitoring holes. And backfilling the rock monitoring hole with cement mortar, pure cement slurry or medium coarse sand. The monitoring hole in the soil can be backfilled by medium coarse sand, undisturbed soil, an expanded mud ball and the like. The backfill speed cannot be too fast so as to avoid forming gaps under backfill materials after hole plugging. After the tube cover is filled, the tube cover is covered and tightened by a self-tapping screw. After one day, the check is carried out again, and the backfill material is replenished and filled if sinking.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A coal mining subsidence area movement deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
lowering a stress monitoring device, an inclinometer pipe and a steel wire framework grouting hose into a monitoring hole of a coal mining subsidence area; the stress monitoring equipment is positioned at the bottom of the monitoring hole, the lowering depth of the stress monitoring equipment is greater than the preset depth of the inclinometer pipe, the steel wire framework grouting hose and the inclinometer pipe are installed at the same time, the steel wire framework grouting hose is positioned on the outer side of the inclinometer pipe, and a through hole is formed in the body of the inclinometer pipe and is wrapped by geotextile;
grouting and anchoring the stress monitoring equipment at the bottom of the monitoring hole through the steel wire framework grouting hose;
a plurality of fixed inclinometers are arranged in the inclinometer pipe in a downward way, and an osmometer is arranged in the bottom area in the inclinometer pipe;
connecting the stress monitoring equipment, the fixed inclinometer and the data cable of the osmometer with a ground data acquisition and transmission system; the ground data acquisition and transmission system is used for acquiring and transmitting the stress of the deep rock-soil body in the coal mining subsidence area monitored by the stress monitoring equipment, the water level of the rock-soil body monitored by the osmometer and the moving deformation of the rock-soil body monitored by the fixed inclinometer.
2. The coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installing method of claim 1, wherein the step of lowering the stress monitoring equipment, the inclinometer pipe and the steel wire framework grouting hose into the monitoring hole of the coal mining subsidence area further comprises the following steps:
determining the diameter of the inclinometer according to the installation of the fixed inclinometer and the osmometer;
determining the aperture of the monitoring hole according to the diameter of the inclinometer pipe and the construction of the grouting anchoring section where the stress monitoring equipment is located;
performing one-time hole forming of a ground drilling machine on the coal mining subsidence area;
and if the aperture of the disposable pore-forming is smaller than that of the monitoring hole, carrying out secondary reaming on the monitoring hole so as to enable the secondary reaming aperture to reach the aperture of the monitoring hole.
3. The coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method of claim 1, wherein the stress monitoring equipment is a steel bar stress gauge;
the length range of the reinforcing steel bar stress meter is 0.8m to 1.5 m.
4. The coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method of claim 3, wherein a pair of porous flanges are added at the top end of the steel bar stress meter, and a cable of the steel bar stress meter passes through the pair of porous flanges; the porous flange plate at the bottom end is used for limiting the position of a cable of the steel bar stress meter; and a cable of the steel bar stress meter passes through the central hole of the uppermost flange plate.
5. The coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method of claim 1, wherein the bore diameter of the steel wire skeleton grouting hose is not greater than 24 mm.
6. The coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installing method of claim 1, wherein the step of lowering the stress monitoring equipment, the inclinometer pipe and the steel wire framework grouting hose into the monitoring hole of the coal mining subsidence area further comprises the following steps:
loading the cable of the stress monitoring device into a PVC pipe;
wrapping the inclinometer pipe with non-woven fabric;
and fixing the inclinometer pipe wrapped by the non-woven fabric, the steel wire framework grouting hose and a cable of the stress monitoring equipment filled in the PVC pipe by using a binding band.
7. The coal mining subsidence area displacement deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method of claim 6, wherein the step of wrapping the inclinometer with non-woven fabric further comprises:
numbering and counting each section of inclinometer;
according to the serial number of each section of the inclinometer pipe, each section of the inclinometer pipe is sequentially placed into the monitoring hole, so that each section of the placed inclinometer pipe is inserted into the pipe joint of the inclinometer pipe placed last time;
before a first section of inclinometer pipe is placed into the monitoring hole, sealing one end, without an external joint, of the first section of inclinometer pipe;
if the inclinometer pipe floats upwards under the action of water in the monitoring hole, clear water is injected into the inclinometer pipe;
and after the length of the inclinometer pipe in the monitoring hole reaches a preset length, adjusting the direction of the grooves in the inclinometer pipe to ensure that the pair of grooves in the inclinometer pipe is perpendicular to the measuring surface.
8. The coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the step of performing grouting anchoring on the stress monitoring equipment at the bottom of the monitoring hole through the steel wire framework grouting hose comprises the following steps of:
simultaneously lowering the steel wire framework grouting hose and the inclinometer pipe, and inserting the steel wire framework grouting hose and the inclinometer pipe to the bottom of the monitoring hole;
injecting mortar from the hole bottom of the monitoring hole through the steel wire framework grouting hose by using a ground grouting pump; wherein the pressure range of the injected mortar is 0.3 to 0.6 MPa.
9. The coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installation method of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the steps of installing a plurality of fixed inclinometers down inside the inclinometer and installing osmometers in the bottom area inside the inclinometer pipe include:
connecting the plurality of fixed inclinometers by using connecting rods and then installing;
and installing the osmometer at the middle height of the penultimate inclinometer in the inclinometer.
10. The coal mining subsidence area mobile deformation, hydrology and stress monitoring equipment installing method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the step of performing grouting anchoring on the stress monitoring equipment at the bottom of the monitoring hole through the steel wire framework grouting hose further comprises the following steps:
backfilling by applying medium sand or coarse sand between the hole wall of the monitoring hole and the inclinometer; wherein the backfilling speed is less than the preset speed;
after the stress monitoring equipment is filled back, covering a pipe cover of the inclinometer pipe, and fixing the fixed inclinometer, the osmometer and data cables of the stress monitoring equipment, the fixed inclinometer and the osmometer;
and after the preset time interval, if the backfill material between the hole wall of the monitoring hole and the inclinometer pipe sinks and/or the gap is compressed, backfilling the space between the hole wall of the monitoring hole and the inclinometer pipe again.
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