CN112189497A - Cultivation method of Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings - Google Patents
Cultivation method of Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN112189497A CN112189497A CN202011057410.1A CN202011057410A CN112189497A CN 112189497 A CN112189497 A CN 112189497A CN 202011057410 A CN202011057410 A CN 202011057410A CN 112189497 A CN112189497 A CN 112189497A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method of Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings, which belongs to the technical field of Chinese honeylocust tree seedling cultivation and comprises the following steps: (1) selecting naturally mature, fully dried and plump saponin seeds for later use; (2) soaking semen Gleditsiae in concentrated sulfuric acid of 90% or more; (3) washing saponin seeds with clear water, then soaking in water again and carrying out ultrasonic treatment; (4) before sowing, sowing seed ditches on the seedling land, then uniformly spreading base fertilizer, and spraying 800 times of water solution of carbendazim; (5) sowing: sowing saponin seeds in the sowing ditches treated in the step (4) and covering soil; (6) spraying the treating liquid to the root when the gleditschia horrida seedling grows to have true leaf; finally, transplanting the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings; the cultivation method can improve the emergence rate of the saponin seeds, accelerate the growth speed, shorten the time for outplanting, enhance the rooting capability of the saponin trees and promote the effective propagation and popularization of the saponin trees.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seedling raising of Chinese honeylocust trees, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings.
Background
Gleditsia sinensis, commonly known as Gleditsia sinensis Lam, is a plant of Gleditsia of Caesalpiniaceae. The Gleditsia sinensis is effective in treating hepatitis. The Chinese honeylocust fruit, the Chinese honeylocust seed and the Chinese honeylocust spine (also called Tianding, Chinese honeylocust spine and the like) have high medicinal value and economic value. The Chinese honeylocust fruit is an excellent tree species which integrates various functions of ecology, chemical engineering, traditional Chinese medicine and the like and has wide development and utilization prospects. The gleditsia sinensis is not strict in soil requirement, and can normally grow on calcareous and saline-alkali soil, even clay or sandy soil, so that it is a pioneer tree species for mountain afforestation. The fruit pod of the Chinese honeylocust fruit is rich in pancreatic soap, so the Chinese honeylocust fruit can be decocted to replace soap for use, and is a good pure natural plant detergent. The gleditschia horrida (spina gleditsiae) contains flavonoid glycoside phenols, has the effects of activating blood and treating tinea when used as a medicine, can eliminate phlegm and promote diuresis, and is a good Chinese patent medicine raw material. Although the saponin has excellent development and utilization prospects, the massive shortage of saponin resources is caused due to the massive felling of saponin tree resources in recent years, and the effective development of saponin-related industries is severely limited and influenced to a certain extent. In a natural state, the Chinese honeylocust seeds are low in germination and emergence rate (less than 10%), and the germination needs a long time, so that the Chinese honeylocust seedling raising efficiency is seriously influenced, and the effective breeding and popularization of Chinese honeylocust tree resources are not facilitated.
The gleditsia sinensis lam can be interplanted and cultivated with some rare traditional Chinese medicinal materials with negative resistance and shallow root property as main materials to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of land and the economic benefit of traditional Chinese medicinal material planting, so that the roots of the gleditsia sinensis lam are developed, and can have mutual promotion effect with different traditional Chinese medicinal plants instead of mutual repulsion, and the advantage complementation between the plants is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the cultivation method of the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings, which can improve the emergence rate of Chinese honeylocust seeds, accelerate the growth speed, shorten the time for outplanting, enhance the rooting capability of the Chinese honeylocust tree and promote the effective propagation and popularization of the Chinese honeylocust tree.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a cultivation method of Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting naturally mature, fully dried and plump saponin seeds for later use;
(2) soaking fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis seed in 90% concentrated sulfuric acid for 1-1.5 hr;
(3) washing the saponin seeds treated in the step (2) with clear water, then soaking in water at 80-85 ℃ for 1-1.5h, then soaking in water at 45-50 ℃ for 20-24h, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment;
(4) sowing seed furrows on the seedling field 12-15 days before sowing, then uniformly spreading base fertilizer, and spraying 800 times of water solution of carbendazim;
(5) sowing: sowing the saponin seeds treated in the step (3) into the sowing ditches treated in the step (4) and covering soil, wherein the soil covering soil is breathable and cannot accumulate water;
(6) spraying treatment liquid to the root when 5-6 true leaves grow on the Chinese honeylocust fruit seedlings; and finally transplanting the gleditsia sinensis seedlings after the gleditsia sinensis seedlings grow to 30-50 centimeters.
Further, the ultrasonic treatment in the step (3) is carried out for 10-15min under the conditions of the power of 210-230W and the frequency of 145-157 kHz.
Further, the base fertilizer is scattered in the step (4), lime is scattered firstly, and then the organic fertilizer or the compound fertilizer is scattered.
Furthermore, the covering thickness of the lime spreading is 0.4-0.6mm, and the thickness of the organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer spreading is 0.2-0.5 mm.
Further, the sowing time in the step (5) is spring or summer.
Further, the treatment liquid in the step (6) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.08 to 0.12 portion of wintergreen glycoside, 0.14 to 0.16 portion of bletilla striata polysaccharide, 0.05 to 0.10 portion of salt, 0.15 to 0.24 portion of cerotic acid and 800 portions of water 750-.
Preferably, the treatment liquid in the step (6) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.08 part of wintergreen glycoside, 0.16 part of bletilla striata polysaccharide, 0.0 part of salt, 0.15 part of cerotic acid and 760 parts of water.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the cultivation method can improve the emergence rate of the saponin seeds, accelerate the growth speed, shorten the time for outplanting, enhance the rooting capacity of the saponin trees, promote the effective propagation and popularization of the saponin trees, promote the development of the saponin tree industry and increase the economic benefits of saponin tree growers;
(2) the invention adopts sulfuric acid to treat the saponin seeds and soaks the saponin seeds at the temperature of more than 80 ℃, on one hand, the emergence rate of the saponin is promoted, on the other hand, pests like larvae of the saponin are attached to the seeds, and the pests can be killed by high temperature so as not to influence the germination of the seeds and be not beneficial to the emergence of the seedlings; and the water solution of 800 times of carbendazim is sprayed on the fertilizer before sowing, so that the germination accelerating effect is achieved, the germination of seeds can be promoted, the disease bacteria can be killed, and the absorption of the seeds to the nutrient components in the soil is accelerated;
(3) according to the invention, the saponin seedling is sprayed with the treatment solution, and ultrasonic treatment is combined with seeds, so that nutrition and energy are supplemented for the growth of the seedling, the nutrition metabolic capacity of the seedling is effectively increased, the activity of polyphenol oxidase is enhanced, the metabolism of auxin is catalyzed, the origin and development of roots are promoted, indoleacetic acid and phenolic substances can be catalyzed to form rooting promoting substances, the rooting capacity of the saponin tree seedling is improved, the growth of the seedling is promoted, and the growth speed of the seedling is accelerated; the seedling root growth capacity is improved, the seedling root growth capacity can be interplanted with traditional Chinese medicinal materials with shallow roots, the space of a Chinese honeylocust tree planting base and Chinese honeylocust tree secretions are utilized to have the characteristic of effectively killing bacteria and microorganisms, soil nutrient components are better shared with the Chinese honeylocust tree planting base, mutual promotion is realized, and the advantage complementation between plants is realized.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will understand that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a cultivation method of Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting naturally mature, fully dried and plump saponin seeds for later use;
(2) soaking the saponin seeds in concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of over 90 percent for 1 hour;
(3) washing the saponin seeds treated in the step (2) with clear water, then soaking in water at 80 ℃ for 1h, then soaking in water at 45 ℃ for 20h, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 10min under the conditions that the power is 210W and the frequency is 145 kHz;
(4) sowing seed ditches on the seedling land 12 days before sowing, then uniformly spreading base fertilizer, firstly spreading lime, then spreading organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer, wherein the covering thickness of the spread lime is 0.4mm, the thickness of the spread organic fertilizer is 0.2mm, and then spraying 800 times of water solution of carbendazim;
(5) sowing: sowing the saponin seeds processed in the step (3) in the sowing trenches processed in the step (4) and covering soil, wherein the soil covering is breathable and cannot accumulate water, and the sowing time is spring or summer;
(6) when 5-6 true leaves grow on the Chinese honeylocust seedlings, spraying treatment liquid to the roots, wherein the treatment liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.08 part of wintergreen glycoside, 0.14 part of bletilla striata polysaccharide, 0.05 part of salt, 0.15 part of cerotic acid and 750 parts of water; and finally transplanting the gleditsia sinensis seedlings after the gleditsia sinensis seedlings grow to 30 centimeters.
Example 2:
a cultivation method of Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting naturally mature, fully dried and plump saponin seeds for later use;
(2) soaking fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis seed in 90% concentrated sulfuric acid for 1.5 hr;
(3) washing the saponin seeds treated in the step (2) with clear water, then soaking in water at 85 ℃ for 1.5h, then soaking in water at 50 ℃ for 24h, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15min under the conditions that the power is 230W and the frequency is 157 kHz;
(4) 15 days before sowing, sowing ditches on the seedling field, then uniformly spreading base fertilizer, firstly spreading lime, then spreading organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer, wherein the covering thickness of the lime spreading is 0.6mm, the thickness of the compound fertilizer spreading is 0.5mm, and then spraying 800 times of water solution of carbendazim;
(5) sowing: sowing the saponin seeds processed in the step (3) in the sowing trenches processed in the step (4) and covering soil, wherein the soil covering is breathable and cannot accumulate water, and the sowing time is spring or summer;
(6) when 5-6 true leaves grow on the Chinese honeylocust seedlings, spraying treatment liquid to the roots, wherein the treatment liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.12 part of wintergreen glycoside, 0.16 part of bletilla striata polysaccharide, 0.10 part of salt, 0.24 part of cerotic acid and 800 parts of water; and finally transplanting the gleditsia sinensis seedlings after the gleditsia sinensis seedlings grow to 50 centimeters.
Example 3:
a cultivation method of Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting naturally mature, fully dried and plump saponin seeds for later use;
(2) soaking fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis seed in 90% concentrated sulfuric acid for 1.2 hr;
(3) washing the saponin seeds treated in the step (2) with clear water, soaking in 83 ℃ water for 1.2h, soaking in 48 ℃ water for 22h, performing ultrasonic treatment, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 12min under the conditions of 220W power and 150kHz frequency;
(4) 14 days before sowing, sowing seed ditches on the seedling field, then uniformly spreading base fertilizer, firstly spreading lime, then spreading organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer, wherein the covering thickness of the spread lime is 0.5mm, the thickness of the spread organic fertilizer is 0.3mm, and then spraying 800 times of water solution of carbendazim;
(5) sowing: sowing the saponin seeds processed in the step (3) in the sowing trenches processed in the step (4) and covering soil, wherein the soil covering is breathable and cannot accumulate water, and the sowing time is spring or summer;
(6) when 5-6 true leaves grow on the Chinese honeylocust seedlings, spraying treatment liquid to the roots, wherein the treatment liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.10 part of wintergreen glycoside, 0.15 part of bletilla striata polysaccharide, 0.08 part of salt, 0.20 part of cerotic acid and 780 parts of water; and finally transplanting the gleditsia sinensis seedlings after the gleditsia sinensis seedlings grow to 40 centimeters.
Comparative example 1:
comparative example 1 is different from example 1 in that the "spraying treatment liquid to the root" operation in step (6) is omitted, and the other contents are the same as those of example 1.
Comparative example 2:
comparative example 2 is different from example 1 in that the ultrasonic treatment is removed in step (3), and the other contents are the same as example 1.
The seedlings obtained by the cultivation methods of examples and comparative examples were observed and the emergence rate and the seedling rate thereof were calculated, and the results thereof are shown in table 1. The method for calculating the emergence rate comprises the following steps: the rate of emergence is 100% of the number of seedlings/the number of sown seeds; the method for calculating the seedling rate comprises the following steps: the seedling rate is 100% of the number of seedlings/the number of seeds sowed in the next year.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the cultivation method of the present invention improves the emergence rate of the saponin seeds, accelerates the growth rate, shortens the time for outplanting, enhances the rooting ability of the saponin trees, promotes the effective propagation and popularization of the saponin trees, promotes the development of the saponin tree industry, increases the economic benefits of the saponin tree growers, and further analyzes that the root spraying with the treatment solution has stronger rooting ability than the rooting seedlings without the operation, and the ultrasonic treatment has stronger rooting ability than the rooting ability of the seedlings without the treatment method, which indicates that the two treatment methods must be simultaneously adopted to realize the synergistic effect, improve the rooting ability of the seedlings, promote the growth of the seedlings, and accelerate the growth rate of the seedlings.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The cultivation method of the Chinese honeylocust tree seedlings is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting naturally mature, fully dried and plump saponin seeds for later use;
(2) soaking fructus Gleditsiae Abnormalis seed in 90% concentrated sulfuric acid for 1-1.5 hr;
(3) washing the saponin seeds treated in the step (2) with clear water, then soaking in water at 80-85 ℃ for 1-1.5h, then soaking in water at 45-50 ℃ for 20-24h, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment;
(4) sowing seed furrows on the seedling field 12-15 days before sowing, then uniformly spreading base fertilizer, and spraying 800 times of water solution of carbendazim;
(5) sowing: sowing the saponin seeds treated in the step (3) into the sowing ditches treated in the step (4) and covering soil, wherein the soil covering soil is breathable and cannot accumulate water;
(6) spraying treatment liquid to the root when 5-6 true leaves grow on the Chinese honeylocust fruit seedlings; and finally transplanting the gleditsia sinensis seedlings after the gleditsia sinensis seedlings grow to 30-50 centimeters.
2. The method for cultivating a seedling of Chinese honeylocust tree as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sonication in the step (3) is performed for 10-15min under the conditions of power of 210-230W and frequency of 145-157 kHz.
3. The method for cultivating a seedling of gleditsia sinensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step (4), base fertilizer is spread, lime is spread first, and then organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer is spread.
4. A cultivation method of a seedling of Chinese honeylocust tree according to claim 3, wherein the covering thickness of the lime sprinkled is 0.4-0.6mm, and the thickness of the organic fertilizer sprinkled or the compound fertilizer sprinkled is 0.2-0.5 mm.
5. The method for raising seedlings of gleditsia sinensis lam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sowing time in step (5) is spring or summer.
6. The cultivation method of the seedling of the Chinese honeylocust tree according to claim 1, wherein the treatment liquid in the step (6) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.08 to 0.12 portion of wintergreen glycoside, 0.14 to 0.16 portion of bletilla striata polysaccharide, 0.05 to 0.10 portion of salt, 0.15 to 0.24 portion of cerotic acid and 800 portions of water 750-.
7. The cultivation method of the seedling of the Chinese honeylocust tree according to claim 1, wherein the treatment liquid in the step (6) is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.08 part of wintergreen glycoside, 0.16 part of bletilla striata polysaccharide, 0.0 part of salt, 0.15 part of cerotic acid and 760 parts of water.
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CN103548441A (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2014-02-05 | 平顶山学院 | Artificial seedling growing method of Gleditsia sinensis Lam seeds |
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2020
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CN107494121A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-22 | 贵州福生源生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of gleditsia sinensis seed artificial raise seedling method |
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