CN112177321B - Creeping formwork construction equipment and method for building external wall and floor slab - Google Patents
Creeping formwork construction equipment and method for building external wall and floor slab Download PDFInfo
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- CN112177321B CN112177321B CN202011068548.1A CN202011068548A CN112177321B CN 112177321 B CN112177321 B CN 112177321B CN 202011068548 A CN202011068548 A CN 202011068548A CN 112177321 B CN112177321 B CN 112177321B
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- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 30
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 241000252254 Catostomidae Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
- E04G11/20—Movable forms; Movable forms for moulding cylindrical, conical or hyperbolical structures; Templates serving as forms for positioning blocks or the like
- E04G11/28—Climbing forms, i.e. forms which are not in contact with the poured concrete during lifting from layer to layer and which are anchored in the hardened concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/36—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for floors, ceilings, or roofs of plane or curved surfaces end formpanels for floor shutterings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
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- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种建筑物外墙及楼板的爬模施工设备和施工方法，该设备包括安装在已浇注外墙上的顶平台；顶平台悬吊有中心平台；中心平台的四侧铰接有四块主翻板，中心平台上设有四个第三卷扬机，第三卷扬机的拉绳上设有用于吸附主翻板的吸盘；中心平台上设有四组横向气缸，每个气缸的活塞杆上固定有一根支撑梁，每根支撑梁外端插接在已浇注的外墙的第一预埋件内；该施工设备还包括四块边角底模；该方法的关键在于：四块主翻板和四块边角底模跟随中心平台升降并构成一圈连续且闭合的环形底模板及环形侧模板，浇注后四块主翻板和四块边角底模内收越过环形楼板。该设备和方法无需搭设满堂扣件式脚手架就能快速浇注出部分楼板结构。
The invention discloses a climbing formwork construction device and a construction method for the outer wall and floor of a building. The device comprises a top platform installed on the poured outer wall; the top platform is suspended with a central platform; four sides of the central platform are hinged with four There are four third hoists on the central platform, and suction cups for adsorbing the main flaps are arranged on the pull ropes of the third hoists; there are four sets of transverse cylinders on the central platform, and the piston rod of each cylinder is on the A support beam is fixed, and the outer end of each support beam is inserted into the first embedded part of the outer wall that has been poured; the construction equipment also includes four corner bottom molds; the key to the method is: the four main flaps and the The four corner bottom molds follow the central platform to lift and form a continuous and closed annular bottom formwork and annular side formwork. After pouring, the four main flaps and the four corner bottom molds are retracted over the annular floor. The device and method can quickly pour out part of the floor slab structure without erecting a full-house fastener type scaffold.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building wall creeping formwork construction in civil engineering, in particular to creeping formwork construction equipment and a creeping formwork construction method for an outer wall and a floor slab of a reinforced concrete structure of a building.
Background
In the field of civil construction, the form climbing construction of the reinforced concrete outer wall of a building is a very mature process means, and the concrete steps of the form climbing construction are discussed by taking the most common rectangular building as an example, namely the outer wall of the building is four-plug in front, back, left and right, and is connected end to end in a rectangular distribution.
The prior art creeping formwork construction process is as follows.
Erecting side templates of four walls from the ground according to a conventional mode, binding a wall reinforcing cage and casting external wall concrete to cast a circle of four reinforced concrete external wall bodies with the bottom height range, embedding a plurality of vertical guide posts in each concrete wall body in the casting process, and fixing a winch at the top end of each guide post; then hoisting a top platform, wherein the top platform is in sliding fit with all the guide posts, a plurality of hanging rings which are in one-to-one correspondence with the winches are arranged on the top platform, and the corresponding hanging rings on the top platform are hooked by the traction ropes of the winches on each guide post; in other words, the top platform is suspended by the respective winches and supported on the respective guide posts; four groups of side sliding formworks are suspended below the top platform through slings, each group of side sliding formworks is composed of an outer formwork and an inner formwork and respectively corresponds to the inner surface and the outer surface of a wall body; this is a preliminary preparation step.
The formal creeping formwork construction for the four outer walls is divided into two modes: namely, the normal creeping formwork and the guide post are lengthened. The normal climbing formwork mode is that all winches are driven, the top platform is drawn to vertically climb along the guide columns, so that four groups of side sliding formworks are driven to climb along four outer walls, the main body part of each group of side sliding formworks is higher than the top surface of the poured wall body, the lower part of each group of side sliding formworks is located below the top surface of the poured wall body, namely, sliding formwork support is realized, then a reinforcement cage is bound, and the four outer walls located in the last height range of the poured wall body are cast and tamped; the guide post lengthening mode is that half of a traction rope of the winch is loosened, the load of the top platform is suspended and supported by the other half of the winch, the loosened half of the winch is detached, a new section of guide post is welded at the top end of the guide post detaching the winch so as to realize lengthening of the original guide post, the winch is fixed on the lengthened guide post again, and the traction rope is hooked with the top platform again for tensioning; and then the windlass on the rest half of the non-lengthened guide post is detached, the part of the guide post is lengthened, the windlass is fixed on the top of the partially lengthened guide post again, and the partially re-fixed windlass is hooked with the top platform again for tensioning.
In the prior art, the creeping formwork construction of four outer walls is performed alternately in a normal creeping formwork mode and a guide post lengthening mode, the outer wall in a height range is normally creeped and poured until a top platform climbs to the top end close to the guide post, each guide post is lengthened, then the normal creeping formwork is continued and the outer wall in the height range is poured again, and therefore the construction is repeated until the top elevation of a building is constructed.
However, the prior art has a bottleneck in work efficiency in the creeping formwork construction process, namely, a wall body cannot be continuously constructed by upward creeping formwork, and the wall body is easy to be unstable once being overhigh, so that a floor slab needs to be poured to play a role of connecting and supporting four outer walls when the creeping formwork and the pouring outer wall reach a certain height; the pouring process of the floor slab wastes time and labor, a full fastener type scaffold needs to be erected on the ground or the floor slab of the next floor slab, a floor slab bottom formwork needs to be laid on the scaffold, and the scaffold and the bottom formwork need to be detached after the floor slab is poured; that is, the prior art cannot continuously climb the formwork to construct the outer wall, and a full scaffold needs to be set up and removed once every certain interval to complete the construction of the floor slab; and the setting up consumptive material volume of full hall fastener formula scaffold is big, and intensity of labour is high, wastes time and energy, so very big degree the restriction creeping formwork construction's efficiency advantage, drags the progress of whole engineering slowly, has delayed the time limit for a project, and economic benefits is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing the creeping formwork construction equipment for the building outer wall and the floor slab, which can quickly cast a part of the floor slab structure without erecting a full fastener type scaffold after creeping formwork construction reaches the height of the floor slab to be cast, thereby providing enough lateral support for four outer walls.
The invention provides a creeping formwork construction equipment for building outer wall and floor, which comprises a top platform for creeping formwork construction installed on the poured outer wall;
the top platform is suspended with a central platform through a second winch; four sides of the central platform are hinged with four main turning plates, four upright posts corresponding to the main turning plates are arranged on the central platform, a third winch is arranged on each upright post, and a suction disc for absorbing the corresponding main turning plate is arranged on a pull rope of the third winch;
four groups of transverse cylinders are arranged on the central platform, each group of two cylinders are arranged, a supporting beam is fixed on a piston rod of each cylinder, a plurality of reinforcing sleeves corresponding to the supporting beams are arranged on the central platform, and each supporting beam is in sliding fit with the corresponding reinforcing sleeve; the inner surface of the poured outer wall is provided with first embedded parts with jacks corresponding to the support beams, and the outer end of each support beam is inserted into the jacks of the corresponding first embedded parts;
the front main turning plate is arranged on the two support beams extending forwards, and the rear main turning plate is arranged on the two support beams extending backwards; the left main turning plate is placed on the inner sides of the beam top surfaces of the two left supporting beams, and the right main turning plate is placed on the inner sides of the beam top surfaces of the two right supporting beams;
the construction equipment also comprises four side angle bottom moulds, wherein one side of each side angle bottom mould is placed on the outer side of the beam top surface of the left-extending or right-extending support beam, two steel corbels used for placing the corner bottom mould are correspondingly arranged on the other side of each side angle bottom mould, a second embedded part corresponding to each steel corbel is arranged on the inner surface of the poured outer wall, and each steel corbel is in threaded connection with the corresponding second embedded part;
each main turning plate is provided with a straight side template, and each corner bottom die is provided with an L-shaped side template.
Compared with the prior art, the creeping formwork construction equipment for the building outer wall and the floor slab with the structure has the following advantages.
The construction equipment drives four groups of side sliding templates to climb up to form a formwork by using the top platform, so that the traditional function of pouring and tamping four concrete outer walls is realized; moreover, the four main turning plates and the four corner bottom moulds lift along with the central platform, so that the designed elevation range of each floor is reached; moreover, each main turning plate is hinged with the central platform and is detachably connected with a pull rope of a third winch through a sucker, so that the main turning plate can be pulled to be horizontal to form a part of the annular bottom template, and can also be pulled to be vertical to be contracted in the central platform, so that the main turning plate can conveniently pass through a central hole of the annular floor slab subsequently, and the pull rope and the main turning plate can be separated before concrete is poured, so that the pull rope is prevented from being anchored in the floor slab concrete; the cylinder provides power for the support beam to extend outwards or retract inwards, but the load of the central platform is supported on the support beam, a reinforcing sleeve is arranged between the inner side of the support beam and the central platform, and the outer end of the support beam is inserted into the first embedded part, so that strong and stable support is provided for the central platform and the annular bottom template, and the pouring quality of the annular floor slab is ensured; the design of the four corner bottom moulds fills the gaps of the four corners, the four corner bottom moulds and the main turning plate form a whole continuous ring of annular bottom mould plates, the corner bottom moulds are small in area, light in weight, easy to carry and convenient to retract into the central platform, the inner sides of the corner bottom moulds are placed on the outer sides of the beam top surfaces of the existing supporting beams, the existing supporting beams are fully utilized, and the outer sides of the corner bottom moulds are placed on the two steel corbels, so that the supporting is stable and reliable, and the pouring quality of the four corners of the annular floor slab is ensured; and the arrangement of the straight side templates and the L-shaped side templates on the main turning plate and the corner bottom die ensures that a circle of annular side templates are synchronously formed in the process of forming a circle of annular bottom templates, thereby providing a premise for pouring the annular floor slab, and the straight side templates and the L-shaped side templates can be retracted to the central platform along with the main turning plate and the corner bottom die, so that the process that the central platform passes through the annular floor slab cannot be hindered. In a word, the structure realizes central blooming, the main turning plate and the four corner bottom dies are integrated on the central platform, the main turning plate and the four corner bottom dies are unfolded during pouring to form a complete annular side die plate and an annular bottom die plate, and the main turning plate and the four corner bottom dies are retracted after pouring to cross a central hole of a newly poured annular floor slab, so that the construction of partial floor slabs is completed on the premise of not erecting a full fastener type scaffold, and sufficient lateral support can be provided for four outer walls.
Preferably, the cylinders extending forwards and backwards are both directly arranged on the central platform, and the reinforcing sleeves of the supporting beams extending forwards and backwards are directly fixed on the central platform; each cylinder extending leftwards or rightwards is heightened by two inner bosses and then is installed on the central platform, an outer boss is padded between each supporting beam extending leftwards or rightwards and the central platform, and a reinforcing sleeve of each supporting beam extending leftwards or rightwards is fixed with the corresponding outer boss; the bottom surfaces of the front main turning plate and the rear main turning plate are respectively provided with a hidden beam, the hidden beam of the front main turning plate is arranged on the two support beams extending forwards, and the hidden beam of the rear main turning plate is arranged on the two support beams extending backwards; the advantage of staggering the front and back two groups of cylinders and the left and right two groups of cylinders in the height direction is that enough space can be reserved for installing the cylinders with large stroke, and the four groups of cylinders with large stroke are prevented from being mutually interfered and touched, so that the inward contraction or outward expansion amplitude of the supporting beam is ensured, the supporting beam can be ensured to be firmly inserted in the first embedded part, enough support is provided for the platform and the template, and the supporting beam can be completely retracted into the central platform to smoothly cross the annular floor slab; the left and right cylinders are heightened by the two inner bosses, and the left and right support beams are also heightened by the outer cushion blocks, so that the balanced and stable stress of the left and right cylinders is ensured; the hidden beams on the bottom surfaces of the front main turning plate and the rear main turning plate make up for the height difference between the front turning plate and the rear turning plate and the supporting beam, so that the front turning plate and the rear turning plate are stably placed.
Preferably, the central platform is provided with a central bottom template, and the central bottom template is provided with a vertical sleeve through which a lifting rope of the second winch passes; thus, when the four outer walls are constructed to the top elevation of the building and the annular floor slabs of each layer are all cast and tamped, the central holes of the annular floor slabs of each layer are just used as channels for lifting the central platform, the central bottom template is installed after the main turning plate, the air cylinder and other annular formwork supporting components on the central platform are removed, the central bottom template is supported by the central platform, and the central holes of the annular floor slabs are cast and filled layer by layer from top to bottom to form a complete concrete floor slab; and the vertical sleeve fixed on the central bottom template can separate the lifting rope from the concrete, so that the lifting rope is prevented from being anchored in the floor concrete, and the smooth lifting of the central platform is ensured.
Preferably, a connecting steel plate is arranged between each end of the straight side template of the left main turning plate and the right main turning plate and the adjacent L-shaped side template, and the connecting steel plate is in threaded connection with the corresponding straight side template and the L-shaped side template; therefore, when the central platform is descended after the concrete of the annular floor slab is dry and hard and the steel corbels are removed, the four corner bottom moulds on the corresponding support beams at the inner sides can be ensured to stably descend to the lower annular floor slab or the ground along with the platform.
Another technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for constructing building outer walls and floors by using the construction equipment of the invention, which can quickly cast partial floor structures without erecting full fastener type scaffolds after creeping formwork construction is carried out to the height of floors to be cast, thereby providing enough lateral support for four outer walls.
Another technical solution of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing an outer wall and a floor slab of a building using the construction equipment of the present invention; the method comprises the following steps:
pouring a circle of four reinforced concrete outer wall bodies with the bottom height range from the ground, assembling a top platform, and hoisting and installing the top platform above the four reinforced concrete outer wall bodies; then, continuously constructing four concrete outer wall bodies with different heights by upward creeping formwork;
in the four outer wall processes of creeping formwork construction, the construction of annular floor is carried out to intermittent type nature, and the work progress of annular floor is:
a. when the creeping formwork of the four outer walls is poured into the designed elevation range of the first floor slab, embedding a first embedded part and a second embedded part in the inner surface of the four outer walls; continuing to pour in an upward creeping formwork until the four outer walls are poured to a certain distance above the designed elevation of the floor slab;
b. lifting the central platform to reach the designed elevation range of the first floor slab, and driving four groups of transverse cylinders to extend in the front, back, left and right directions, so that the outer end of each supporting beam is inserted into the jack of the corresponding first embedded part; a first team of workers adsorbs pull ropes of four third winches and corresponding main turning plates through suckers on a central platform, then drives the third winches to enable the four main turning plates to be outwards turned to be horizontal, and then detaches the four suckers, and at the moment, the front main turning plate and the rear main turning plate are indirectly placed on the corresponding supporting beams through the hidden beams; the left main turning plate and the right main turning plate are directly placed on the inner sides of the beam top surfaces of the corresponding support beams;
c. a second team of workers sets a ladder from the ground to climb to the designed elevation range of the first floor slab, and the eight steel corbels are in threaded connection with the eight second embedded parts on the corresponding four outer walls through bolts; a first team of workers on the central platform carries the four corner bottom dies to the four corners of the central platform, so that the inner side of each corner bottom die is placed on the outer side of the top surface of the beam of the corresponding support beam, and the outer side of each corner bottom die is placed on the corresponding two steel brackets; then fixing the four corner bottom dies with the left main turning plate or the right main turning plate by using four connecting steel plates; at the moment, the four main turning plates and the four corner bottom dies form a circle of continuous and closed annular bottom die plate, and the four straight side die plates and the four L-shaped side die plates synchronously form a circle of continuous and closed annular side die plates; a first team of workers climbs the annular bottom template, binds the reinforcing mesh of the first layer of annular floor slab, and pours and smashes concrete of the layer of annular floor slab;
d. after the first layer of annular floor slab is dry and hard, a second team of workers sets a ladder on the ground and climbs to the position below the annular bottom template to unscrew the bolts so as to remove the steel corbels; then the four groups of cylinders are driven to contract for a short distance, so that the outer end of each supporting beam is separated from the jack of the first embedded part; then driving a second winch to descend the central platform to enable the annular bottom template and the annular side template to be separated from the newly poured annular floor slab until the central platform descends to the ground;
e. the first team of workers detaches the connecting steel plates to separate the four corner bottom dies from the left main turning plate and the right main turning plate, and then carries and places the four corner bottom dies on the central platform; then, sucking discs of four third winches and corresponding main turning plates again, driving the third winches to tension pull ropes, and pulling the four main turning plates to be in a vertical state; at this moment, the four main turning plates and the four corner bottom moulds are all retracted into the central platform, and the sectional area of the four main turning plates and the four corner bottom moulds is smaller than the central hole of the poured annular floor slab;
f. lifting the central platform to enable the central platform to cross the layer of annular floor slab from the central hole of the newly poured annular floor slab;
g. continuously constructing the four outer wall bodies by upward creeping formwork until reaching the designed elevation range of the upper floor, and burying a first embedded part and a second embedded part in the inner surface of the four outer walls in the elevation range; continuing to pour in an upward creeping formwork until the four outer walls are poured to a certain distance above the designed elevation of the floor slab;
h. b, lifting the central platform to reach the designed elevation range of the upper floor slab, driving four groups of cylinders according to the process of the step b, extending out four groups of supporting beams, realizing the connection of the central platform and four outer walls, and turning outwards the four main turning plates, so that the four main turning plates are respectively placed on the corresponding supporting beams;
i. b, a second team of workers sets up a ladder from the poured next layer of annular floor slab to climb to the designed elevation range of the previous layer of floor slab, and the eight steel corbels are screwed according to the procedure in the step c; a first team of workers on the central platform carries and shelves four corner bottom dies from the middle part of the central platform to four corners according to the procedure in the step c, and each corner bottom die is fixed with the corresponding main turning plate by a connecting steel plate; thereby forming a circle of continuous and closed annular bottom template and annular side template; then, the first team of workers climbs the annular bottom template, binds a reinforcing mesh of a layer of annular floor slab, and pours and smashes concrete of the layer of annular floor slab;
j. after the annular floor slab of the layer is dry and hard, a second team of workers sets up a ladder from the next floor slab and climbs to the lower part of the annular bottom template to remove the steel corbels; then the four groups of cylinders are retracted to separate the central platform from the four outer walls; driving a second winch to descend the central platform to separate the central platform from the newly cast annular floor slab, and descending the central platform to the next layer of annular floor slab;
k. c, according to the process of the step e, all the four main turning plates and the four corner bottom moulds are retracted into the central platform;
l, lifting the central platform to enable the central platform to cross the layer of annular floor slab from the central hole of the newly poured annular floor slab;
m, repeating the steps g to l until the four outer wall bodies are poured to the top elevation of the building and the top annular floor slab of the building is poured, and pouring a layer of annular floor slab between the four outer walls at a certain floor height;
n, lowering the central platform to the ground, dismantling and removing all main turning plates, corner bottom dies, stand columns and a third winch on the central platform, temporarily dismantling lifting ropes of the second winch from the central platform, fixing a central bottom template on the central platform, and fixing each lifting rope with the central bottom template after penetrating through a vertical sleeve; each vertical sleeve is fixed with the central bottom template; finally, lifting the central platform to the top platform;
r, driving a second winch, lowering the central platform from the top platform to the central hole of the uppermost annular floor slab, enabling the central bottom template to be located at the bottom elevation of the floor slab, binding a reinforcement cage in the central hole area of the annular floor slab, pouring concrete, and further completing the central hole of the annular floor slab to form a complete uppermost floor slab;
s, driving a second winch, lowering the central platform to the central hole of the next layer of annular floor slab, and filling up the central hole of the layer of annular floor slab according to the mode of the step r;
and t, repeating the step s until the central hole of the annular floor slab at the lowest layer of the building is filled.
Compared with the prior art, the construction method has the following advantages.
According to the construction method, after the creeping formwork is constructed to the height of a floor slab to be poured, the four main turning plates can be turned outwards without erecting a full fastener type scaffold, and the four corner bottom moulds are carried and laid to form a circle of continuous and closed annular bottom templates and annular side templates, so that the annular floor slab is quickly constructed, and sufficient lateral support is provided for four outer walls; after the construction of the annular floor slab is finished, the four main turning plates and the four corner bottom moulds are vertically retracted and upwardly penetrate through a newly poured layer of annular floor slab through the central hole; in other words, the full-hall fastener type scaffold does not need to be erected like the prior art, but the central platform is recycled, the center blooms, and the annular bottom template is quickly erected or dismantled, so that the material consumption is reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, the time and the labor are saved, the work efficiency advantage of creeping formwork construction is brought into play to the maximum extent, the construction period is shortened, and the economic benefit is good; moreover, each layer of annular floor slab is constructed firstly, enough lateral support is provided for four outer walls, after the outer walls and the annular floor slabs are constructed to the top, the central hole of each layer of annular floor slabs is used for descending the central platform, and the central holes of the annular floor slabs are filled by pouring layer by layer from top to bottom.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a creeping formwork construction equipment for building outer walls and floors according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the creeping formwork construction equipment for building external walls and floors of the present invention after removing the front two left external walls when pouring the annular floor.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 2 after being deflected by a certain angle.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the center platform of the creeping formwork construction equipment for the building outer wall and the floor slab of the present invention after being completely unfolded.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the corner bottom mold with the right front corner removed and the right main flap turned over in fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the fully retracted central platform of the creeping formwork construction equipment for the building outer wall and the floor slab.
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the creeping formwork construction equipment for building external walls and floors of the present invention for plugging the central hole of the annular floor.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 7 after being deflected by a certain angle.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged sectional view schematically showing a reinforcing bar junction between an outer wall and an annular floor slab according to the construction method of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a of fig. 7.
Fig. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion B in fig. 3.
The structure comprises a base, an outer wall, a guide column, a first winch, a top platform, a hanging ring, a traction rope, a guide column, a second winch, a central platform, a vertical column, a third winch, a pull rope, a suction cup, a cylinder, a supporting beam, a reinforcing sleeve, a first embedded part, a first 18, a front main turning plate, a second 19, a rear main turning plate, a left main turning plate, a right main turning plate, a 22, a corner bottom die, a steel corbel, a second 24, a second embedded part, a straight side formwork, a second embedded part, a straight side formwork, a third embedded part, a hanging rope, a vertical sleeve, a third embedded part, a connecting steel plate, a third embedded part, a straight side formwork, a third embedded part, a straight side formwork, a second embedded part, an inner boss, a third embedded part, a second embedded part, an outer boss, a third embedded part, a fourth embedded part, a third embedded part.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the creeping formwork construction equipment for the building outer wall and the floor slab of the present invention includes a top platform 4 for creeping formwork construction installed on a poured outer wall 1. Specifically, the construction equipment comprises a plurality of guide posts 2 pre-embedded in a poured outer wall 1, a first winch 3 fixed at the top end of each guide post 2 and a top platform 4 in sliding fit with all the guide posts 2; the top platform 4 is provided with hanging rings 5 which correspond to the first windlasses 3 one by one; the traction rope 6 of the first winch 3 of each guide post 2 is connected with the corresponding suspension loop 5 of the top platform 4.
Four groups of front, rear, left and right side sliding templates 7 are suspended on the top platform 4 through a suspender 36 or a cable, and each group of side sliding templates 7 corresponds to the inner surface and the outer surface of each outer wall 1.
Four second winches 8 are arranged on the top platform 4, and four corners of a central platform 9 are suspended by the four second winches 8 through four lifting ropes 31. Four sides of the central platform 9 are hinged with four main turning plates through four groups of eight hinged supports 35, four upright posts 10 corresponding to the main turning plates are arranged on the central platform 9, each upright post 10 is provided with a third winch 11, and a suction disc 13 used for absorbing the corresponding main turning plate is arranged on a pull rope 12 of each third winch 11.
Four groups of transverse cylinders 14, namely a front group, a rear group, a left group and a right group, are arranged on the central platform 9, and each group of cylinders 14 comprises two cylinders. A support beam 15 is fixed to the piston rod of each cylinder 14. A plurality of reinforcing sleeves 16 which correspond to the supporting beams 15 one by one are arranged on the central platform 9, and each supporting beam 15 is in sliding fit with the corresponding reinforcing sleeve 16; the height range of the inner surface of the poured outer wall 1 corresponding to each floor is provided with a first embedded part 17 with jacks corresponding to the support beams 15, and the outer end of each support beam 15 is inserted in the jacks of the corresponding first embedded part 17.
The four sets of cylinders 14 and the four sets of support beams 15 are mounted with a height offset. Specifically, the cylinders 14 extending forwards and backwards are directly arranged on the central platform 9, and the reinforcing sleeve 16 corresponding to each supporting beam 15 extending forwards and backwards is also directly fixed on the central platform 9; each cylinder 14 extending leftwards or rightwards is installed on the central platform 9 after being heightened by two inner bosses 27, an outer boss 28 is padded between each supporting beam 15 extending leftwards or rightwards and the central platform 9, the reinforcing sleeve 16 of each supporting beam 15 extending leftwards or rightwards is fixed with the corresponding outer boss 28, and the inner bosses 27 and the outer bosses 28 are both fixed on the central platform 9.
The bottom surfaces of the front main turning plate 18 and the rear main turning plate 19 are respectively provided with a hidden beam 29, the hidden beam 29 of the front main turning plate 18 in a horizontal state is placed on the two support beams 15 extending forwards, and the hidden beam 29 of the rear main turning plate 19 in a horizontal state is placed on the two support beams 15 extending backwards. The bottom surface of the left main flap 20 rests directly inside the beam top surfaces of the two left extending support beams 15 and the bottom surface of the right main flap 21 rests directly inside the beam top surfaces of the two right extending support beams 15.
The construction equipment further comprises four corner bottom moulds 22, one side of each corner bottom mould 22 is placed on the outer side of the beam top surface of the left-extending or right-extending support beam 15, two steel brackets 23 are correspondingly arranged on the other side of each corner bottom mould 22, and the other side of each corner bottom mould 22 is placed on the two steel brackets 23. Second embedded parts 24 corresponding to the steel corbels 23 are arranged on the inner surface of the poured outer wall 1, and each steel corbel 23 is in threaded connection with the corresponding second embedded part 24; that is, the second embedded part 24 is provided with a threaded hole, and the steel bracket 23 is provided with a through hole, and the two are fixed by a bolt which passes through the through hole and is screwed into the threaded hole. Taking the corner bottom mold 22 at the left front corner as an example, the rear side of the corner bottom mold 22 rests on a support beam 15 extending to the left, while the front side rests on two steel corbels 23, and the two steel corbels 23 are screwed on the front outer wall 1.
Each main turning plate is provided with a straight side template 25, and each corner bottom template 22 is provided with an L-shaped side template 26. And a connecting steel plate 33 is arranged between each end of the straight side template 25 of the left main turning plate 20 and the right main turning plate 21 and the L-shaped side template 26 of the adjacent corner bottom die 22, and the connecting steel plate 33 is in threaded connection with the corresponding straight side template 25 and the L-shaped side template 26. For example, the front and rear ends of the straight side template 25 of the left main turning plate 20 are respectively screwed with the two L-shaped side templates 26 of the corner bottom die 22 at the front left corner and the rear left corner through two connecting steel plates 33.
After the construction of each layer of annular floor slab 34 is completed, the central platform 9 is lowered to the ground, all the main turning plates, the corner bottom dies 22, the upright columns 10, the third hoisting machines 11 and other components used for constructing the annular floor slabs 34 are removed, the central bottom formwork 30 is fixed on the central platform 9, and the vertical sleeves 32 for the hoisting ropes 31 of the second hoisting machines 8 to penetrate through are arranged on the central bottom formwork 30.
Of course, after each layer of annular floor 34 of this application is poured, can set up rope ladder between the annular floor 34 and the ground on different layers, make things convenient for the workman to remove.
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the method for constructing the outer wall and the floor slab of the building by using the construction equipment of the present invention includes the following steps.
Pouring a circle of four reinforced concrete outer wall 1 walls within the bottom height range from the ground, embedding a plurality of guide columns 2 in each outer wall 1, and fixing a first winch 3 at the top end of each guide column 2; then the top platform 4 is assembled, four main turning plates, a central platform 32 and other parts are hoisted on the top platform 4, and the top platform 4 is hoisted in place, so that the top platform 4 is in sliding fit with each guide column 2, and the traction ropes 6 of the first winches 3 are hooked with corresponding hanging rings 5 on the tensioning top platform 4.
And continuously constructing four concrete outer walls 1 with different heights by climbing up the formwork. Namely, the external wall 1 in a height range is normally climbed and poured until the top platform 4 climbs to the top end close to the guide columns 2, then each guide column 2 is lengthened, and then the normal climbing is continued and the external wall 1 in the height range is poured again, so that the operation is repeated until the top elevation of the building is constructed. Two concepts in this step, namely "normal climbing" and "guide post lengthening" have been discussed in the background. And the steps up to this step are the same as those in the prior art, and thus are not described in detail.
The construction method has the following advantages: in the process of constructing the four outer walls 1 by the creeping formwork, the construction of the annular floor slabs 34 is carried out intermittently. And the concrete construction process of the ring-shaped floor 34 is as follows.
a. When the creeping formwork of the four outer walls 1 is poured into the designed elevation range of the first floor slab, embedding a first embedded part 17 and a second embedded part 24 in the inner surface of the four outer walls 1; continuing to pour in an upward creeping formwork until the four outer walls 1 are poured to a certain distance above the designed elevation of the floor; if the height of the top mark 1 of the outer wall is poured to the first floor slab, the set height is more than 2-3 m.
b. Driving four second winches 8 to lift the central platform 9 to reach the designed elevation range of the first floor slab, and driving four groups of transverse cylinders 14 to extend in the front, back, left and right directions, so that the outer end of each supporting beam 15 is inserted into the corresponding jack of the first embedded part 17, and the central platform 9 and the four outer walls 1 are fixed; the first team of workers sucks the pull ropes 12 of the four third winches 11 on the central platform 9 to the corresponding main turning plates through the suction cups 13, and of course, the suction cups 13 may be fixed to the corresponding main turning plates in an initial state.
Then driving a third winch 11 to enable the four main turning plates to be outwards turned to be horizontal, and then removing the four suckers 13, wherein at the moment, the front main turning plate 18 and the rear main turning plate 19 are indirectly placed on the corresponding supporting beam 15 through the hidden beam 29; while the left 20 and right 21 main flaps rest directly inside the beam top face of the corresponding support beam 15.
c. A second team of workers sets a ladder from the ground to climb to the designed elevation range of the first floor slab, and the eight steel corbels 23 are in threaded connection with the eight corresponding second embedded parts 24 on the four outer walls 1 through bolts; a first team of workers on the central platform 9 carries the four corner bottom dies 22 to the four corners of the central platform 9, certainly, in the carrying process, the corner bottom dies 22 can be sucked by the suction cups 13 vacated in the previous step and are lifted by the third winch 11, the carrying is assisted by manpower, so that the manpower is saved, the inner side of each corner bottom die 22 is placed on the outer side of the top surface of the corresponding support beam 15, and the outer side of each corner bottom die 22 is placed on the corresponding two steel corbels 23; then fixing the four corner bottom dies 22 with the left main turning plate 20 or the right main turning plate 21 by using four connecting steel plates 33; at this time, the four main turning plates and the four corner bottom dies 22 form a circle of continuous and closed annular bottom die plates, and the four straight side die plates 25 and the four L-shaped side die plates 26 synchronously form a circle of continuous and closed annular side die plates; the first team of workers climbs the annular bottom form, ties the reinforcing mesh of the first layer of annular floor slabs 34, and pours the concrete of the layer of annular floor slabs 34.
It should be noted that, in the process of binding the reinforcing mesh of the annular floor slab 34, the connection problem between the transverse reinforcing bars of the reinforcement cage of the outer wall 1 and the transverse reinforcing bars of the reinforcing mesh of the annular floor slab 34 is that in this embodiment, the threaded sleeve 37 is used for connection, one end of the threaded sleeve 37 is screwed with the transverse reinforcing bars of the outer wall 1, and the opening at the other end of the threaded sleeve 37 is exposed on the surface of the outer wall 1, so that the transverse reinforcing bars of the reinforcing mesh of the annular floor slab 34 are screwed with the threaded sleeve 37 for connection during binding.
d. After the first layer of annular floor slab 34 is dry and hard, a second team of workers sets up a ladder from the ground and climbs to the lower part of the annular bottom template to unscrew the bolts so as to remove the steel corbels 23; then the four groups of air cylinders 14 are driven to retract a small distance, so that the outer ends of the supporting beams 15 are separated from the jacks of the first embedded part 17; then driving a second winch 8 to descend the central platform 9, so that the annular bottom template and the annular side template are separated from the newly poured annular floor slab 34 until the central platform 9 descends to the ground; of course, the second team of workers has previously evacuated the building from the ground before the central platform 9 is lowered.
e. The first team of workers detaches the connecting steel plates 33 to separate the four corner bottom dies 22 from the left main turning plate 20 and the right main turning plate 21, and lifts and carries the four corner bottom dies 22 by using the suction cups 13 of the third winch 11 to place the four corner bottom dies on the central platform 9; then, the suction cups 13 of the four third winches 11 and the corresponding main turning plates are adsorbed again, then the third winches 11 are driven to tension the pull ropes 12, and the four main turning plates are pulled to be in a vertical state; to this end, the four main turning plates and the four corner bottom dies 22 are all retracted into the central platform 9, and the sectional area of the four main turning plates and the four corner bottom dies is smaller than the central hole of the poured annular floor slab 34.
f. The central platform 9 is raised so that it passes over the layer of annular floor 34 from the central hole of the newly cast annular floor 34.
g. Continuously constructing the four outer walls 1 by climbing up until reaching the designed elevation range of the upper floor, and burying a first embedded part 17 and a second embedded part 24 in the inner surface of the four outer walls 1 within the elevation range; continuing to pour in an upward creeping formwork until the four outer walls 1 are poured to a certain distance above the designed elevation of the floor; if the floor of the floor is set to be higher than 2-3 m.
h. And c, lifting the central platform 9 to reach the designed elevation range of the upper floor, driving four groups of cylinders 14 according to the process in the step b, extending out four groups of supporting beams 15, realizing the connection of the central platform 9 and the four outer walls 1, and turning outwards the four main turning plates, so that the four main turning plates are respectively placed on the corresponding supporting beams 15.
i. The second team of workers reach the next layer of poured annular floor slab 34 by using the rope ladder, then the ladder is set up to climb to the designed elevation range of the upper layer of floor slab, and eight steel corbels 23 are screwed according to the procedure in the step c; the first team of workers on the central platform 9 carries and places four corner bottom dies 22 from the middle part of the central platform 9 to four corners according to the procedure in the step c, and each corner bottom die 22 is fixed with a corresponding main turning plate by a connecting steel plate 33; thereby forming a circle of continuous and closed annular bottom template and annular side template; the first team then climbs the annular shoe, ties up the mesh reinforcement of the annular floor 34, and pours the concrete of the annular floor 34.
j. After the annular floor slab 34 on the layer is dry and hard, a second team of workers sets up a ladder from the next floor slab and climbs to the position below the annular bottom formwork to remove the steel corbels 23; then the four groups of cylinders 14 are retracted inwards to separate the central platform 9 from the four outer walls 1; then the second winch 8 is driven to descend the central platform 9 to separate the central platform from the newly cast annular floor slab 34, and the central platform 9 is descended to the next annular floor slab 34; of course, before the central platform 9 is lowered, the second team of workers uses the rope ladder to evacuate the next ring floor 34 in advance.
k. And e, according to the process of the step e, the four main turning plates and the four corner bottom moulds 22 are all retracted into the central platform 9.
l, raising the central platform 9 so that it crosses the layer of annular floor 34 from the central hole of the newly cast annular floor 34.
m, repeating the steps g to l until the four outer walls 1 are poured to the top elevation of the building and the top annular floor slabs 34 of the building are poured, and pouring one layer of annular floor slabs 34 between the four outer walls 1 at a certain floor height.
n, descending the central platform 9 to the ground, dismantling and removing all parts used for constructing the annular floor slab 34, such as the main turning plate, the corner bottom die 22, the upright post 10 and the third winch 11 on the central platform 9, temporarily detaching the lifting ropes 31 of the second winch 8 from the central platform 9, fixing the central bottom template 30 on the central platform 9, and fixing the central bottom template 30 after each lifting rope 31 passes through one vertical sleeve 32; and each vertical sleeve 32 is fixed with the central bottom template 30; finally the central platform 9 is raised to the top platform 4.
And r, driving a second winch 8, lowering the central platform 9 from the top platform 4 to the central hole of the uppermost annular floor 34, enabling the central bottom template 30 to be located at the bottom elevation of the floor, binding a reinforcement cage in the central hole area of the floor 34, pouring concrete, and further completing the central hole of the floor 34 to form a complete uppermost floor.
And when the reinforcing mesh in the central hole area is erected, attention should be paid to the connection problem between the transverse reinforcing bars of the reinforcing mesh in the annular floor slab 34 and the transverse reinforcing bars of the reinforcing mesh in the central hole area, in this embodiment, the threaded sleeve 37 is also used for connection, one end of the threaded sleeve 37 is screwed with the transverse reinforcing bars of the annular floor slab 34, and the opening at the other end of the threaded sleeve 37 is exposed on the hole wall of the central hole of the annular floor slab 34, so that the transverse reinforcing bars of the reinforcing mesh in the central hole area are screwed with the threaded sleeve 37 for connection when being bound.
And s, driving the second winch 8, and continuously lowering the central platform 9, so that the central bottom template 30 and the vertical sleeve 32 are separated from the concrete which is subjected to the post-pouring in the central area of the upper floor, and the vertical sleeve 32 is separated from the post-pouring concrete to form a pore through which the lifting rope 31 passes. And (3) lowering the central platform 9 to the central hole of the next layer of annular floor slab 34, and filling the central hole of the layer of annular floor slab 34 according to the mode of the step r.
And t, repeating the step s until the central hole of the lowermost annular floor slab 34 of the building is filled.
Claims (5)
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| CN114182828B (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2023-05-16 | 湖北理工学院 | Built-in fitting for assembled building |
| CN114773011B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2023-01-03 | 浙大宁波理工学院 | Interface joint material based on industrial solid wastes and preparation method thereof |
| CN117248714B (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2024-01-30 | 中国建筑一局(集团)有限公司 | Construction platform and construction method for horizontal beam plates of mutually climbing steel upright posts |
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| US3275719A (en) * | 1963-08-07 | 1966-09-27 | Brian H Dudson | Method of building in situ construction using sequential molding techniques |
| US4108583A (en) * | 1976-12-06 | 1978-08-22 | Elspan International Limited | Vertically moving slip forms |
| CN1020120C (en) * | 1989-06-28 | 1993-03-17 | 上海建筑施工技术研究所 | Mould-raising technology for poured-in-place wall without climibing rack and its mould |
| CN100351484C (en) * | 2005-11-07 | 2007-11-28 | 中建一局建设发展公司 | Liftable hydraulic climbing template and construction method thereof |
| WO2013110126A1 (en) * | 2012-01-24 | 2013-08-01 | Sureform Systems Pty Ltd | Automated formwork climbing system |
| CN104652807B (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2016-08-24 | 中国建筑一局(集团)有限公司 | Self-circulation construction system and method for internal climbing tower supporting steel beam in hydraulic climbing formwork system |
| CN106400951B (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2019-04-30 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | A kind of level and vertical structure method for synchronously constructing of super high-rise building |
| CN107246073A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-10-13 | 中建三局集团有限公司 | Core Walls Structure crossbar structure synchronous construction structure and method |
| CN109779244A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-05-21 | 南通市第七建筑安装工程有限公司 | A kind of self-elevating type elevator hoistway exterior wall creeping formwork operating platform construction |
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