CN112166718A

CN112166718A - A multifunctional cotton planter

Info

Publication number: CN112166718A
Application number: CN201910603073.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张晋国; 马峙英; 赵金; 苏磊峰; 郑超; 张桂寅; 吴立强; 柯会峰
Original assignee: Heibei Agricultural University
Current assignee: Heibei Agricultural University
Priority date: 2019-07-05
Filing date: 2019-07-05
Publication date: 2021-01-05

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional cotton seeder, which comprises a rack, wherein a straw crushing shaft is arranged on the rack, flail knives are arranged on the straw crushing shaft, a rotary tillage shaft is arranged on one side of the straw crushing shaft, rotary tillage knives are arranged on the rotary tillage shaft, two rows of rotary tillage knives form a group, a gap without knives is arranged between two adjacent groups of rotary tillage knives, a first cover plate is arranged on the straw crushing shaft, a second cover plate is arranged below the first cover plate and above the rotary tillage shaft, a material passing gap is reserved between the first cover plate and the second cover plate, an inlet of the material passing gap faces towards the straw crushing shaft, a seeding unit is arranged at an outlet of the material passing gap, and walking wheels are also arranged on the rack. Use this machinery to carry out the cotton seeding, can smash the cotton stalk who does not reap and get rid of spread the seedling of seeding on the area, can prevent soil crusting behind the rain, help the cotton to break the soil smoothly and emerge.

Description

Multifunctional cotton planter

Technical Field

The invention relates to a seeder, in particular to a multifunctional cotton seeder.

Background

Cotton is dicotyledonous plant, leaves are smooth, the soil breaking capability is poorer than that of monocotyledonous plants such as wheat and corn, and in addition, the soil of a plurality of cotton planting areas in China is sticky, and the cotton is easy to crust on the surface of the soil when raining after sowing, so that the cotton cannot smoothly grow out of the soil, and the emergence rate is influenced. In order to ensure the emergence rate of cotton, cotton growers generally adopt a cotton seeder with a film laying function to sow, and after sowing, seedling placing operation (i.e. opening a film to grow cotton seedlings) is carried out, and the film laying improves the emergence rate of cotton, but causes the problems of environmental pollution, labor force increase investment, complex operation links and the like. The mulching film also has the defects that after the cotton is harvested, the mulching film is difficult to recover, a large amount of residual mulching film is left in the soil, the more residual mulching film in the soil is accumulated, the soil structure is continuously deteriorated, the emergence and growth conditions of crops are influenced, and the deterioration of ecological conditions becomes a main factor for restricting the sustainable development of the cotton. In addition, after the cotton is harvested, the cotton stalks are left in the ground, and the previous cotton stalks need to be treated before the next crop is sown, so that the process is complicated, and excessive labor, material and financial resources are required to be input.

In view of the above, it would be desirable in the art to add functionality to a sowing machine to address the above-mentioned problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a multifunctional cotton seeder, which is used for cotton seeding, can crush and throw the unharvested cotton straws onto a seeding belt, can prevent soil crusting after rain, and is beneficial to smooth breaking of the soil of cotton and seedling emergence.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a multi-functional cotton planter, includes the frame, is equipped with straw crushing shaft in the frame, and the epaxial flail sword that is equipped with of straw crushing is equipped with the rotary tillage axle in straw crushing shaft one side, and the epaxial rotary blade that is equipped with of rotary tillage, two rows the rotary blade is a set of, is equipped with between adjacent two sets of rotary blade and does not establish the sword clearance, is equipped with first apron in straw crushing shaft, is equipped with the second apron in first apron below and in the epaxial side of rotary tillage, leave the punishment in advance clearance between first apron and the second apron, the entry orientation in punishment in advance clearance the straw crushing shaft is equipped with the seeding unit in the exit in punishment in advance clearance still be equipped with the.

Preferably, a collecting plate is arranged at the rear side of the rotary tillage shaft, and the collecting plate has a V-shaped opening in the up-down direction, and the V-shaped opening faces the rotary tillage shaft.

Preferably, the rotary tillage blades are L-shaped, and the end parts of the two rows of rotary tillage blades in each group are bent inwards.

Preferably, one end of the flail knife is V-shaped, and the other end of the flail knife is hinged to the straw crushing shaft.

Preferably, the seeding unit includes that a plurality of rows include seed case, is equipped with the furrow opener in seed case below, is equipped with the press wheel at seed case rear, at seed case orientation the exit in punishment in advance clearance is equipped with two stock guides, is equipped with supplementary stock guide in frame both sides, form the guide passageway between the stock guide of adjacent seed case or between stock guide and the supplementary stock guide.

Preferably, a material baffle is arranged on the second cover plate and is positioned between the straw crushing shaft and the rotary tillage shaft

In the device, the rack is hung on a tractor and driven by the tractor to advance, cotton straws are pressed down and cut and smashed by the flail knife on the straw smashing shaft, meanwhile, the cotton straws are thrown into the inlet of the material passing gap between the first cover plate and the second cover plate along the rotation direction of the straw smashing shaft, and then fall out from the outlet through the material passing gap, and are laid on the seedling belt to be mixed with soil. Through test detection, the soil layer mixed with the crushed straws does not crust any more after raining, and the cotton seedlings can break the soil smoothly and come out. Therefore, the emergence rate of cotton is ensured, white pollution caused by using a film is avoided, and the labor force for film laying is saved. The rotary tillage shaft is not provided with a blade gap, so that the seedling belts are only guaranteed to be rotary-tilled, the original shape of the seedling belts is kept without rotary tillage, the water retention and the soil moisture preservation are facilitated, the tillage power is saved, and the energy conservation is facilitated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an angular structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another angle structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in figures 1, 2 and 3, the invention relates to a multifunctional cotton seeder, which comprises a frame 1, wherein the frame 1 is provided with a connecting part 2 connected with a tractor, the multifunctional cotton seeder is also provided with a reduction gearbox connected with a power output shaft of the tractor for acquiring and outputting power, and the rear side of the frame is provided with a traveling wheel 3. One side of the frame 1 close to the tractor is provided with a straw crushing shaft 6, and one end of the frame is provided with a belt wheel 5 for obtaining power from an output shaft of the reduction gearbox. A flail knife 61 is arranged on the straw crushing shaft 6, the outer end of the flail knife 61 is in a V shape, the bottom end of the V shape is connected with a connecting piece, the connecting piece is hinged on an ear plate through a pin shaft, and the ear plate is fixed on the straw crushing shaft. The rotation direction of the straw crushing shaft 6 faces the rear side of the frame, the tractor drives the frame 1 to penetrate through upright cotton straws, the straws are hung and crushed by the flail knife 61, and meanwhile, the straws are thrown to the rear side of the frame 1 along with the rotation direction of the straw crushing shaft.

The rear side of the straw crushing shaft is provided with the rotary tillage shaft 7, the rotary tillage shaft 7 is provided with a plurality of groups of rotary blades 71, each group of rotary blades comprises two rows of rotary blades, the two rows of rotary blades are L-shaped, the end parts of the rotary blades face the group, namely, the tail ends of the two rows of rotary blades face each other, so that the reduced soil can be rolled outwards during rotary tillage, and the soil can be kept on a rotary tillage seedling belt. The two adjacent groups of rotary tillage cutters 71 are left with the cutter gaps 72 which are not arranged, and the cutter gaps 72 which are not arranged correspond to the ground crust between the two adjacent seedling belts which are not rotary tillage, thus avoiding unnecessary soil breaking, being beneficial to water retention and soil moisture conservation, reducing power consumption and saving oil consumption. The rear side of each group of rotary tillage blades is provided with a collecting plate 73, the two sides of the collecting plate 73 are bent towards the direction of the rotary tillage shaft 7 to be V-shaped, and a V-shaped opening faces towards the rotary tillage shaft, so that the soil thrown up during rotary tillage can be better collected and fall into a rotary tillage seedling belt, the rotary tillage soil accumulation in the seedling belt is facilitated, and the ditching and seeding in the later period are facilitated.

Be equipped with first apron 62 above straw crushing shaft 6, first apron 62 extendible to the oblique top that straw crushing shaft is close to tractor one side for block upwards to splash by kibbling straw, be provided with second apron 63 below first apron 62 and the top that is located rotary tillage axle 7, form the punishment in advance clearance 64 that can make the shredded straw of being thrown up pass between first apron 62 and the second apron 63, the entry in punishment in advance clearance is towards straw crushing shaft 6, in order can be better make the shredded straw get into, the export 65 in punishment in advance clearance is located rotary tillage axle 7 rear side. One end of the second cover plate close to the straw crushing shaft can be connected with a baffle plate 66, so that the baffle plate 66 is positioned between the straw crushing shaft and the rotary tillage shaft to prevent the crushed straws from directly flying backwards.

A sowing unit 8 is arranged at the outlet 65 of the material passing gap, the sowing unit 8 comprises a plurality of seed boxes 81 corresponding to all groups of rotary blades, a furrow opener 82 is arranged below the seed boxes 81, and a press wheel 83 is arranged at the rear side of the seed boxes 81. Furrow opener 82 ditches on the seedling area of rotary tillage department, and during seed case 81 dialled cotton seed into the ditch, the soil fertility returns and covers the seed, still has simultaneously along with the garrulous straw that falls from punishment clearance export 65, then by rear side press wheel 83 compaction, garrulous straw falls on the soil surface, can prevent soil crusting behind the rain, helps the cotton break the soil smoothly and emerge, even to more sticky soil, also can guarantee the rate of emergence.

Further, in order to better regulate and control the crushed straws to fall on the seedling belt, two arc-shaped material guide plates 84 can be arranged at the outlet of each seed box 81 facing the material passing gap, the arc-shaped material guide plates 84 are gradually contracted at two sides of the seed box 81, the crushed straws fall on the seedling belt of the seed box under the arc-shaped guide by virtue of the kinetic energy of the crushed straws, and the crushed straws less fall on the ground without rotary tillage. Auxiliary material guide plates 85 are arranged on two sides of the frame to guide the crushed straws flying from two ends of the material passing gap outlet to the seedling belts positioned on the outermost sides of the two sides.

Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are merely examples and that many variations or modifications may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is therefore defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multifunctional cotton planter, comprising a frame, characterized in that the frame is provided with a straw pulverizing shaft, the straw pulverizing shaft is provided with a throwing knife, and one side of the straw pulverizing shaft is provided with a rotary tiller shaft, and the rotary Rotary tillers are arranged on the tiller shaft, two rows of said rotary tillers are in a group, there is no knife gap between the two adjacent groups of rotary tillers, a first cover plate is arranged on the straw crushing shaft, and a first cover is arranged on the straw crushing shaft. A second cover plate is provided below a cover plate and above the rotary tiller shaft, a material passing gap is left between the first cover plate and the second cover plate, and the entrance of the material passing gap faces the straw crushing shaft. A seeding unit is arranged at the outlet of the material gap, and a traveling wheel is also arranged on the frame.

2 . The multifunctional cotton planter according to claim 1 , wherein a soil collecting plate is provided on the rear side of the rotary tiller shaft, and the soil collecting plate has a V-shaped opening in the up-down direction, and the V-shaped opening faces 2 . the rotary tiller shaft.

3 . The multifunctional cotton planter according to claim 1 , wherein the rotary tiller is L-shaped, and the ends of the two rows of rotary tillers in each group are bent inward of the group. 4 .

4 . The multifunctional cotton planter according to claim 1 , wherein one end of the throwing knife is V-shaped, and the other end is hinged on the straw crushing shaft. 5 .

5. The multifunctional cotton planter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sowing unit comprises several rows including seed boxes, a trench opener is arranged below the seed boxes, and rearwards of the seed boxes are provided The pressing wheel is provided with two material guide plates at the exit of the seed box towards the material passing gap, and auxiliary material guide plates are arranged on both sides of the frame, between the material guide plates of the adjacent seed boxes or between the material guide plates A material guide channel is formed between the auxiliary material guide plate.

6. The multifunctional cotton planter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a baffle plate is installed on the second cover plate, and the baffle plate is located between the straw pulverizing shaft and the rotating shaft. between the tillage shafts.