CN112159258A

CN112159258A - Soilless culture nutrient solution and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN112159258A
Application number: CN202010997883.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘林凡; 马晓娇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-09-21
Filing date: 2020-09-21
Publication date: 2021-01-01

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and particularly relates to a soilless culture nutrient solution and a preparation method thereof, wherein the soilless culture nutrient solution is obtained by uniformly mixing a basic component A and a functional component B according to the proportion of 2: 1; the preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps: t1: crushing the Chinese herbal medicine extraction residues, and fermenting to prepare a mother solution I, namely a functional component B; t2: extracting the supernatant in the methane tank, and performing multiple filtration on the supernatant to obtain a mother solution II, namely a basic component A; t3: uniformly mixing the mother liquor I and the mother liquor II according to the ratio of 2:1 on the basis of the step T1 to obtain a mixed liquor, then putting the mixed liquor into a deodorization fermentation tank, and fermenting for 2-3 days to obtain a nutrient solution finished product; the invention can provide rich nutrient elements for crops, is easy to digest and absorb by the crops, meets the growth requirements of the crops, has certain sterilization and deinsectization effects, can reduce the use of pesticides and ensures that the product is green and harmless.

Description

Soilless culture nutrient solution and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizers, and particularly relates to a soilless culture nutrient solution and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Soilless culture is a modern seedling culture technology which takes grass carbon or light materials such as forest leaf mold, expanded vermiculite and the like as seedling culture substrates to fix plants, enables plant roots to directly contact nutrient solution and adopts mechanical precision seeding to grow seedlings once. In the soilless culture technology, whether a nutrient solution with a coordinated proportion and a proper concentration can be provided for plants is the key for successful culture. In the prior art, chemical reagents are mainly prepared into a culture solution, various chemical substances are artificially added into a formula of the culture solution, and various nutrient element sources are provided through the chemical substances so as to supply the plant mineral nutrition, however, the use of the chemical reagents can increase the cost of the nutrient solution, and the use of excessive chemical reagents can cause the chemical substances to remain in crops and be incapable of degrading due to the use of the chemical reagents.

Meanwhile, through scientific research, the decoction dregs can become an extremely safe organic fertilizer raw material after being crushed and processed. Because the dregs of a decoction are a plant-derived material and contain various nutrient components, secondary pollution to the environment can not be caused in the production process, and the problem that the dregs of a decoction are difficult to treat is solved.

The technical scheme includes that the device comprises a first shell with a funnel-shaped structure, two first motors are symmetrically mounted on the rear surface of the first shell, output shafts of the first motors penetrate through the first shell, and the output shafts of the first motors are fixedly connected to one end of a driving crushing roller; when wet materials are crushed, a first motor and a second motor are started, the wet materials are guided into a first shell through a feed hopper, an output shaft of the first motor drives a driving crushing roller to rotate, the driven crushing roller is matched to preliminarily crush the wet materials, the wet materials after preliminary crushing fall into the lower part of a second motor, an output shaft of the second motor drives a rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft drives a blade set to rotate, the blade set is in a trapezoidal arrangement, the blade set is matched with the funnel-shaped first shell to crush the wet materials more thoroughly, the crushing effect is improved, and the wet materials are effectively crushed, but in the scheme, blades are horizontally arranged, medicine residues after being crushed through the driving crushing roller are easily accumulated on the uppermost blade, and the diameters of the blades from top to bottom are gradually reduced, so that the medicine residues after being crushed through the blades are easily accumulated on the blade at the upper level, causing the blockage of the medicine dregs and influencing the normal work of the pulverizer.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a soilless culture nutrient solution and a preparation method thereof, aiming at making up for the defects of the prior art and solving the problems of high generation cost and chemical substance residue of the existing soilless culture nutrient solution and the problems of insufficient crushing of medicine dregs and even internal blockage of a crushing machine caused by different sizes of the medicine dregs when the medicine dregs are crushed in the production process of the nutrient solution.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the soilless culture nutrient solution is obtained by uniformly mixing a basic component A and a functional component B according to the proportion of 2: 1;

the fermentation liquor in the functional component B is prepared by the following steps:

s1: pulverizing the residue after extracting effective components with a pulverizing device, and fermenting in a primary fermentation tank; during fermentation, adding a fermentation microbial inoculum mainly containing bacteria and supplemented with mould and yeast into a fermentation tank, adding a complex enzyme preparation mainly containing cellulase, and uniformly mixing the dregs, the fermentation microbial inoculum and the complex enzyme preparation;

s2: on the basis of the step S1, after the fermentation of the dregs of a decoction is finished, filtering a fermentation product in the primary fermentation tank to obtain a solid matter and a primary filtrate;

s3: on the basis of the step S2, performing multiple times of circulating flushing on the solid by using a proper amount of clear water, and after the flushing is completed, filtering the solid by adopting a filter pressing mode to obtain flushing liquid;

s4: uniformly mixing the primary filtrate obtained in the step S2 with the flushing liquid obtained in the step S3 to obtain a mother liquid I, namely a functional component B;

the Chinese herbal medicine residues contain a large amount of nutrient components, mainly comprise amino acids, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, various inorganic elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, silicon, manganese, aluminum, zinc, chromium, magnesium, iron and the like, and a small amount of vitamins, and do not contain pathogenic bacteria and toxic substances, and the content of heavy metals is far lower than the allowable content limit value of the fertilizer or matrix, so the raw material is a high-quality raw material for preparing nutrient solution, which is extremely safe and pollution-free; meanwhile, the traditional Chinese medicine industry is one of the traditional Chinese industries, a large amount of medicine dregs are generated every year, a pharmaceutical manufacturer needs to spend a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources to properly treat the medicine dregs every year, the medicine dregs are prevented from polluting the environment, the medicine dregs are used as raw materials to prepare nutrient solution, the raw materials are low in price and wide in source, and the problem of raw material supply is not needed to be worried; meanwhile, after the medicine residues are crushed and fermented, nutritional ingredients in the medicine residues can be decomposed and refined, plant absorption is facilitated, solid matters generated after filtration are washed after fermentation is completed, residual liquid and nutritional substances attached to the solid matters can be taken away sufficiently, the content of the nutritional ingredients in the first mother liquor is improved, meanwhile, the concentration of the mother liquor can be reduced to a certain extent by mixing washing liquid, the situation that the concentration of the mother liquor is too high and subsequent use is inconvenient is avoided, meanwhile, after the solid matters are washed, the difficulty in subsequent solid matter treatment can be reduced, the situation that residual fermentation liquor in the solid matters flows out and causes pollution is avoided, and meanwhile, the washed solid matters can be used as basic materials in pet feed, and the production cost of the feed is reduced;

the preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps:

t1: crushing the Chinese herbal medicine extraction residues, and fermenting to prepare a mother solution I, namely a functional component B;

t2: extracting the supernatant in the methane tank, and performing multiple filtration on the supernatant to obtain a mother solution II, namely a basic component A; when the supernatant is subjected to multiple filtration, the mesh number of the filter screens for filtration is gradually increased along with the increase of the filtration times;

t3: uniformly mixing the mother liquor I and the mother liquor II according to the ratio of 2:1 on the basis of the step T1 to obtain a mixed liquor, then putting the mixed liquor into a deodorization fermentation tank, and fermenting for 2-3 days to obtain a nutrient solution finished product; the composite microbial deodorant is added into the deodorizing fermentation tank, and the deodorizing fermentation tank is always kept in a negative pressure state in the fermentation process;

the first mother liquor is from fermentation liquor of medicine residues, contains a large amount of medicinal components, nutritional components and active components, the second mother liquor is from supernatant liquid in a methane tank, contains a large amount of nutritional components and beneficial components, and after the first mother liquor and the second mother liquor are mixed, the advantages of the two mother liquor can be integrated, so that the nutrient solution with high internal nutrient content, few side components and high fertilizer utilization rate can be obtained, secondary pollution of the biogas slurry and the medicine residues can be effectively avoided, the reutilization value of the two is increased, and the pesticide use amount in the process of using the nutrient solution for soilless culture is reduced; meanwhile, after the two are mixed, the mixed solution is subjected to secondary fermentation in a negative pressure state by using a microbial deodorant, so that peculiar smell existing after the two are mixed is eliminated, meanwhile, the negative pressure state can reduce the dissolving degree of harmful gas in the mixed solution, the deodorization of the mixed solution is further ensured to be thorough, the peculiar smell of the nutrient solution is avoided, and the normal use of the nutrient solution is influenced;

the crushing apparatus in the step S1 includes a main body; the main body is cylindrical and hollow; a feed inlet is arranged at the upper end of the main body; the feed inlet is communicated to the inner space of the main body; a rotating shaft is arranged at the central position in the main body; a motor is arranged in the center of the upper surface of the main body; an output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; a grinding inner wall is arranged in the main body; the cross section of the grinding inner wall is in a shape of a combined pattern formed by stacking two trapezoids with equal sizes in the vertical direction and collinearly arranging the upper bottoms of the trapezoids; the feed inlet is positioned on the upper half part of the grinding inner wall; an upper mounting frame is arranged in the main body; two ends of the upper mounting rack are inserted into the side wall of the grinding inner wall, and the upper mounting rack is positioned at the upper half part of the grinding inner wall; a lower mounting rack is mounted in the main body; the lower mounting rack is positioned right below the upper mounting rack; the upper end of the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the upper mounting frame; the lower end of the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the lower mounting frame; the rotating shaft is provided with a conical roller, and the conical roller and the rotating shaft can rotate relatively; uniformly distributed crushing particles are arranged on the surface of the conical roller; the diameter of the upper end of the conical roller is smaller than that of the lower end of the conical roller; the generatrix of the conical roller is parallel to the generatrix on the same plane on the inner surface of the grinding inner wall; a gap is formed between the conical roller and the grinding inner wall; the upper surface of the lower mounting frame is provided with a first connecting sleeve, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the first connecting sleeve; the conical roller is fixedly connected to the lower mounting frame through a first connecting sleeve; a fixed frame is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft; the number of the fixing frames is multiple, and the fixing frames are uniformly distributed around the rotating shaft; the upper end of the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the lower end of the fixed frame is connected with the first connecting sleeve through a lantern ring; the fixing frame can rotate relative to the connecting sleeve; the fixed frame is provided with a crushing roller; uniformly distributed crushing particles are arranged on the surface of the crushing roller; the central line of the crushing roller is parallel to the generatrix of the conical roller; the crushing roller is positioned in a gap between the conical roller and the grinding inner wall; the distance between the crushing roller and the conical roller is smaller than the distance between the crushing roller and the grinding inner wall; a cutter is arranged on the grinding inner wall; the cutters are uniformly distributed on the grinding inner wall; the blade part of the cutter is just contacted with the surface of the crushing roller; a screen is arranged in the main body; the screen is positioned below the lower mounting frame; the edge of the screen is provided with an elastic body; the elastic body can elastically deform and close a gap between the screen mesh and the main body; the lower end of the rotating shaft is provided with a driving rod; the driving rod is eccentrically connected with the screen; a collecting box is arranged in the main body; the collecting box is positioned on the bottom surface in the main body; a discharge hole is formed in the side surface of the main body; the collecting box can be taken out from the discharge port;

when the crushing device works, the power supply of the crushing device is switched on, the motor is started, dregs to be crushed are put into the main body through the feed inlet, the motor drives the rotating shaft to operate after operating, because the crushing roller is installed on the rotating shaft through the fixing frame, when the rotating shaft moves, the crushing roller and the rotating shaft synchronously move, the crushing roller moves around the periphery of the conical roller, the dregs put into the main body through the inlet are rolled and crushed, the dregs after crushing fall onto the screen mesh, the dregs after crushing reach the preset grain size after being screened by the screen mesh fall under the screen mesh and are collected by the collecting box, meanwhile, because the conical roller is fixedly connected with the lower mounting frame through the connecting sleeve I, the crushing roller is rotatably installed on the fixing frame, when the rotating shaft operates, the crushing roller rotates around the conical roller, the crushing effect and the crushing efficiency of the dregs passing through the conical roller are improved, because it is parallel with the generating line on the conical roll to smash the roller, and the vertical installation of conical roll, the dregs of a decoction is at the in-process of whereabouts, continuously contact with the conical roll, increase the crushing time of dregs of a decoction, make the dregs of a decoction smash thoroughly, improve crushing effect, and simultaneously, wall mounting's cutter and crushing roller interact in the grinding, further cut the dregs of a decoction, reduce the volume of dregs of a decoction, reduce the crushing degree of difficulty of crushing roller to the dregs of a decoction, improve the crushing effect of dregs of a decoction, and simultaneously, when rattan class or other kinds of dregs of a decoction are difficult to smash and twine on crushing roller, cut off the dregs of a decoction through the cutter, cut apart, avoid dregs of a decoction to block up reducing.

Preferably, an included angle between the upper surface of the blade part of the cutter and the vertical direction is less than 90 degrees; the cutter is spiral, and the diameter of the upper end of the cutter is directly smaller than that of the lower end of the cutter; the surface of the crushing roller is provided with a spiral ring groove; the annular grooves correspond to the cutters one by one; the tip of the cutting edge of the cutter is aligned with the spiral ring groove;

when the crushing roller crusher works, when medicine residues enter a main body and are crushed through the crushing roller, the cutters are distributed spirally and can push the medicine residues to move downwards to a certain degree, the medicine residues are prevented from being accumulated on the upper surface of the cutters and blocking the crushing device, meanwhile, because the included angle between the upper surface of the blade part of each cutter and the vertical direction is smaller than 90 degrees, when the medicine residues are wound or blocked at the crushing roller, the medicine residues can be cut timely, the medicine residues are prevented from being blocked on the crushing roller column and the crushing device cannot work normally, meanwhile, the medicine residues cut by the cutters are relatively pushed downwards by the spiral cutters under the rotating action of the crushing roller, the cutting of the medicine residues by the cutters is accelerated, the crushing speed and the crushing effect of the medicine residues are accelerated, meanwhile, the spiral ring grooves on the surfaces of the crushing rollers can further generate downward thrust on the medicine residues when the crushing roller crushes the medicine residues, avoid crushing roller when rolling, crushing dregs of a decoction, the dregs of a decoction receive crushing roller roll adhere to the surface of conical roll and crushing roller, cause reducing mechanism to block up, influence crushing operation's normal clear.

Preferably, the rotating shaft is provided with an extrusion disc, and the extrusion disc can move up and down along the rotating shaft; the extrusion disc is positioned below the upper mounting frame; the extrusion disc is positioned above the conical roller; a second connecting sleeve is mounted on the upper surface of the extrusion disc, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the second connecting sleeve; the upper end of the second connecting sleeve is provided with symmetrically distributed pushing cross rods; guide rods are arranged at two ends of the pushing cross rod; the guide rod penetrates through the upper mounting frame, and the upper end of the guide rod is positioned above the upper mounting frame; the guide rod is provided with a spring, and the spring is positioned above the upper mounting frame; the rotating shaft is provided with a plane cam, and the convex part of the plane cam faces the conical roller; the plane cam is positioned below the upper mounting frame and is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft; the upper surface of the pushing cross rod is tightly attached to the lower surface of the plane cam;

when the automatic medicine crushing machine works, after the motor drives the rotating shaft to start moving, the plane cam fixedly connected to the rotating shaft starts to operate, meanwhile, the upper surface of the pushing cross rod is tightly attached to the lower surface of the plane cam, when the plane cam operates, the pushing cross rod starts to reciprocate in the vertical direction under the action of the plane cam, meanwhile, the pushing cross rod is fixedly connected to the extruding disc through the connecting sleeve II, after the rotating shaft starts to rotate, the extruding disc starts to reciprocate up and down along the rotating shaft under the action of the plane cam, meanwhile, the extruding disc is positioned above the conical roller, after the extruding disc starts to reciprocate up and down along the rotating shaft, the extruding disc periodically extrudes medicine dregs above the conical roller in the main body, the medicine dregs are pushed to enter the area where the conical roller and the crushing roller are positioned, meanwhile, the medicine dregs can be prevented from being accumulated in the area above the conical roller in the main body through the pushing and extruding actions of the extruding disc, the medicine residue can not smoothly fall to the area where the crushing roller is located to complete crushing, so that the crushing device can not normally work, meanwhile, the medicine residue can be extruded and compressed to a certain degree under the action of the extrusion disc, the distance between the medicine residue is reduced, the influence caused by different sizes between the medicine residue is reduced, the phenomenon that part of medicine residue with large volume is always positioned above the main body inner conical roller is avoided, so that part of medicine residue can not be crushed all the time, the crushing effect of the crushing device on the medicine residue is influenced, meanwhile, the pushing and extruding effects of the extrusion disc extrude the medicine residue with large volume into the area where the crushing roller is located to be crushed, meanwhile, the acting force of the extrusion disc on the part of medicine residue with large volume can be reduced, the difficulty of cutting the part of medicine residue by a cutter on the grinding inner wall can be reduced, the crushing of the medicine residue with large volume is accelerated, and the final, ensure the uniformity of the size of the crushed medicine dregs.

Preferably, the screen comprises an upper screen and a lower screen; the upper screen is positioned above the lower screen, and the upper screen and the lower screen are tightly attached together; the upper screen is fixedly connected with the driving rod and can move on the surface of the lower screen; the lower screen is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the main body; the cross section of each sieve pore on the upper sieve mesh is trapezoidal, and the lower bottom of the trapezoid is positioned above the upper sieve mesh; the cross section of each sieve pore on the lower sieve mesh is rectangular, and the width of the rectangle is equal to the length of the upper bottom of the trapezoid cross section of each sieve pore on the upper sieve mesh;

when the machine works, after the motor drives the rotating shaft to start moving, the upper screen is eccentrically connected with the rotating shaft through the driving rod, so when the rotating shaft runs, the upper screen starts to move on the upper surface of the lower screen, crushed medicine dregs falling onto the surface of the upper screen fall through the screen holes on the upper screen in a fighting manner, meanwhile, the cross sections of the screen holes on the upper screen are in an inverted trapezoid shape, therefore, the medicine dregs falling onto the upper screen can easily enter the screen holes on the upper screen, meanwhile, the upper screen and the lower screen are tightly attached, the size of the screen holes on the lower screen is equal to the size of the bottoms of the screen holes on the upper screen, therefore, after the medicine dregs enter the screen holes on the upper screen, the lower part of the medicine dregs can enter the screen holes on the lower screen, meanwhile, as the upper screen moves on the surface of the lower screen, shearing force exists on the plane where the screen holes on the upper screen and the lower screen are connected with each other, when dregs of a decoction fall into the sieve pores on the upper sieve screen and the sieve pores on the upper sieve screen coincide with the sieve pores on the lower sieve screen, all the dregs of a decoction or the lower part of the dregs of a decoction fall into the sieve pores on the lower sieve screen, and in the moving process of the upper sieve screen, all the dregs of a decoction entering the sieve pores on the lower sieve screen directly fall off, and part of the dregs of a decoction entering the sieve pores on the lower sieve screen wait for the superposition of the sieve pores on the upper sieve screen and the sieve pores on the lower sieve screen next time due to the shearing force between the upper sieve screen and the lower sieve screen being broken, and the dregs of a decoction crushed by the crushing roller can be sieved by the movement of the upper sieve screen to obtain dregs of a decoction with a required size, and simultaneously, the dregs of a decoction with an overlarge volume after partial crushing are cut and crushed again to avoid the dregs of a decoction from blocking the sieve pores, resulting in the failure of the crushing apparatus to operate normally.

Preferably, a brush is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the main body; the hairbrushes are symmetrically distributed and are interrupted at the central position of the main body; the driving rod is positioned at the interruption notch in the middle of the brush, and the driving rod and the brush are not contacted with each other; the brush is positioned above the upper sieve plate, and the brush hair on the brush is clung to the surface of the upper sieve plate;

the during operation, when the pivot motion, go up the screen cloth and make eccentric motion under the drive of pivot, and simultaneously, dregs of a decoction after smashing crushing roller directly falls on the screen cloth, at last screen cloth motion's in-process, there is relative motion between last screen cloth and the brush, through relative motion between the two, dregs of a decoction on the screen cloth is stirred to the brush, avoid the part to fall to last screen cloth on the dregs of a decoction of sieve mesh intermediate space department last pile up on last screen cloth, lead to the internal dregs of a decoction to pile up of main part, lead to the screen cloth to block up, influence reducing mechanism's normal work, and simultaneously, avoid the dregs of a decoction to pile up on the screen cloth for a long time, cause the corruption to the screen cloth, reduce screen cloth life.

Preferably, the upper surface of the lower sieve plate is provided with an annular air bag; the annular air bag is positioned between the upper sieve plate and the inner wall of the main body and seals a gap between the sieve mesh and the main body; the interior of the annular air bag is uniformly divided into a plurality of cavities, and the cavities are not communicated with each other; the lower surface of the lower sieve plate is provided with an air blowing plate; the air blowing plate is provided with through holes which correspond to the sieve pores on the lower sieve plate one by one; the diameters of the through holes and the sieve pores are equal; a horizontal air passage is formed in the upper surface of the air blowing plate; the horizontal air passages are communicated to the through holes on the air blowing plate one by one; a vertical air passage is formed in the side surface of the lower sieve plate; the vertical air passage is communicated with the horizontal air passage and the annular air bag; a one-way structure is arranged at the joint of the annular air bag and the vertical air passage, and the air in the annular air bag enters the vertical air passage in a one-way mode; the side surface of the lower sieve plate is provided with an annular air passage; the annular air passage is positioned in the middle of the vertical air passage and is communicated with the vertical air passage;

when the crushing device works, after the upper screen starts to eccentrically move under the action of the rotating shaft, each cavity in the annular air bag is periodically extruded and deformed, the eccentric motion of the upper screen plate is buffered through the deformation of the air bag, so that the phenomenon that the motion inertia of the upper screen plate is overlarge to cause that parts in the crushing device bear the force exceeding the limit to cause damage of the parts is avoided, meanwhile, the space between the upper screen plate and the inner wall of the main body is closed through the annular air bag to prevent medicine dregs from falling into the gap between the upper screen plate and the main body to block the motion of the upper screen plate and block the rotating shaft to cause the burning of a motor and influence the normal operation of the crushing device, meanwhile, when each cavity in the annular air bag is extruded, the pressure in the cavity rises, the gas in the cavity enters the horizontal air passage on the air blowing plate through the vertical air passage and finally enters the through hole on the air blowing plate and blows into the sieve mesh on, remaining dregs of a decoction piece is blown away in with the sieve mesh through the gas that blows, avoids in the continuous use process, goes up the sieve mesh on screen cloth and the lower screen cloth and is blocked up by the dregs of a decoction, makes the dregs of a decoction after smashing normally pass through the screen cloth, leads to the dregs of a decoction after smashing in the main part to pile up on the screen cloth, influences reducing mechanism's normal work.

7. A method of preparing a soilless culture nutrient solution, the method being suitable for use in any one of the above soilless culture nutrient solutions, the method comprising the steps of:

t3: uniformly mixing the mother liquor I and the mother liquor II according to the ratio of 2:1 on the basis of the step T1 to obtain a mixed liquor, then putting the mixed liquor into a deodorization fermentation tank, and fermenting for 2-3 days to obtain a nutrient solution finished product; the deodorization fermentation tank is added with the compound microorganism deodorant, and the deodorization fermentation tank is always kept in a negative pressure state in the fermentation process.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the soilless culture nutrient solution is prepared by mixing the decoction dreg fermentation liquor and the supernatant of the biogas digester, so that the nutrient solution has the nutrient components, medicinal components and active components in the decoction dregs and the nutrient components and beneficial components in the biogas slurry, the nutrient components in the prepared nutrient solution are sufficient and balanced and are easy to absorb, the culture effect of the nutrient solution on plants is improved, and the health degree of the plants cultured by using the nutrient solution is improved.

2. According to the preparation method of the soilless culture nutrient solution, the extrusion disc, the conical roller, the crushing roller, the upper screen and the lower screen are arranged in the crushing device, so that the situation that medicine residues are accumulated in the crushing device to influence the normal operation of crushing work due to different sizes of the medicine residues in the crushing process is guaranteed, meanwhile, the medicine residues with different sizes are guaranteed to be crushed once through the crushing roller and the conical roller, most of the medicine residues are crushed, then, the upper screen and the lower screen are used for carrying out screen and secondary segmentation, the size of the medicine residues is guaranteed to meet the preset target, the crushed medicine residues can be fully fermented in the fermentation process, and meanwhile, the size of a single medicine residue is reduced through crushing, so that the fermentation speed and the fermentation effect are accelerated.

Drawings

The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of the crushing apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process for preparing functional component B of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of a method of making a nutrient solution of the invention;

in the figure: the device comprises a main body 1, a feeding hole 11, a discharging hole 12, a collecting box 13, a motor 14, a rotating shaft 15, a grinding inner wall 16, a cutter 17, a conical roller 2, a crushing roller 21, a fixing frame 22, an upper mounting frame 23, a lower mounting frame 24, a squeezing disc 3, a second connecting sleeve 31, a plane cam 32, a pushing cross rod 33, a guide rod 34, an upper screen 4, a driving rod 41, an annular air bag 42, a lower screen 43, a blowing plate 44, a horizontal air passage 45, a vertical air passage 46, an annular air passage 47 and a brush 48.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.

As shown in figures 1 to 3, the soilless culture nutrient solution is obtained by uniformly mixing a basic component A and a functional component B according to a ratio of 2: 1;

the preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps:

the crushing apparatus in the step S1 includes a main body 1; the main body 1 is cylindrical and hollow; a feed inlet 11 is arranged at the upper end of the main body 1; the feed port 11 is communicated to the inner space of the main body 1; a rotating shaft 15 is arranged at the central position in the main body 1; a motor 14 is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the main body 1; an output shaft of the motor 14 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft 15; a grinding inner wall 16 is arranged in the main body 1; the cross section of the grinding inner wall 16 is a combined pattern formed by stacking two trapezoids with equal size in the vertical direction and collinearly arranging the upper bottoms of the trapezoids; the feed inlet 11 is positioned on the upper half part of the grinding inner wall 16; an upper mounting frame 23 is installed in the main body 1; the two ends of the upper mounting rack 23 are inserted into the side wall of the grinding inner wall 16, and the upper mounting rack 23 is positioned at the upper half part of the grinding inner wall 16; a lower mounting frame 24 is installed in the main body 1; the lower mounting frame 24 is positioned right below the upper mounting frame 23; the upper end of the rotating shaft 15 is rotatably mounted on the upper mounting frame 23; the lower end of the rotating shaft 15 is rotatably mounted on the lower mounting frame 24; the rotating shaft 15 is provided with the tapered roller 2, and the tapered roller 2 and the rotating shaft 15 can rotate relatively; uniformly distributed crushed particles are arranged on the surface of the conical roller 2; the diameter of the upper end of the conical roller 2 is smaller than that of the lower end; the generatrix of the conical roller 2 is parallel to the generatrix on the same plane on the inner surface of the grinding inner wall 16; a gap exists between the conical roller 2 and the grinding inner wall 16; the upper surface of the lower mounting frame 24 is provided with a first connecting sleeve, and the rotating shaft 15 penetrates through the first connecting sleeve; the conical roller 2 is fixedly connected to the lower mounting frame 24 through a first connecting sleeve; a fixed frame 22 is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 15; the number of the fixing frames 22 is multiple, and the fixing frames are uniformly distributed around the rotating shaft 15; the upper end of the fixed frame 22 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 15, and the lower end of the fixed frame is connected with the first connecting sleeve through a lantern ring; the fixing frame 22 can rotate relative to the connecting sleeve; the fixed frame 22 is provided with a crushing roller 21; uniformly distributed crushed particles are arranged on the surface of the crushing roller 21; the central line of the crushing roller 21 is parallel to the generatrix of the conical roller 2; the crushing roller 21 is positioned in a gap between the tapered roller 2 and the grinding inner wall 16; the distance between the crushing roller 21 and the conical roller 2 is smaller than the distance between the crushing roller 21 and the grinding inner wall 16; a cutter 17 is arranged on the grinding inner wall 16; the cutters 17 are uniformly distributed on the grinding inner wall 16; the blade part of the cutter 17 is just contacted with the surface of the crushing roller 21; a screen is arranged in the main body 1; the screen is located below the lower mounting frame 24; the edge of the screen is provided with an elastic body; the elastic body can elastically deform and close a gap between the screen mesh and the main body 1; the lower end of the rotating shaft 15 is provided with a driving rod 41; the driving rod 41 is eccentrically connected with the screen; a collecting box 13 is arranged in the main body 1; the collecting box 13 is positioned on the bottom surface in the main body 1; a discharge hole 12 is formed in the side surface of the main body 1; the collecting box 13 can be taken out from the discharge hole 12;

when the crushing device works, the power supply of the crushing device is switched on, the motor 14 is started, the dregs to be crushed are put into the main body 1 through the feed inlet 11, the rotating shaft 15 is driven to operate after the motor 14 operates, the crushing roller 21 is installed on the rotating shaft 15 through the fixing frame 22, when the rotating shaft 15 moves, the crushing roller 21 and the rotating shaft 15 synchronously move, the crushing roller 21 moves around the conical roller 2, the dregs put into the main body 1 through the inlet are rolled and crushed, the crushed dregs fall onto the screen, and are screened by the screen, the dregs reaching the preset grain size after being crushed fall below the screen and are collected by the collecting box 13, meanwhile, because the conical roller 2 is fixedly connected with the lower installing frame 24 through the connecting sleeve I, the crushing roller 21 is rotatably installed on the fixing frame 22, when the rotating shaft 15 operates, the crushing roller 21 rotates around the conical roller 2, and the crushing roller 21 rotates around itself, improve crushing effect and crushing efficiency through the dregs of a decoction of tapered roller 2 department, simultaneously, because the generating line on crushing roller 21 and the tapered roller 2 is parallel, and the vertical installation of tapered roller 2, the dregs of a decoction is at the in-process of whereabouts, continuously contact with tapered roller 2, increase the crushing time of dregs of a decoction, make the dregs of a decoction smash thoroughly, improve crushing effect, simultaneously, 17 and the crushing roller 21 interact of installation on the grinding inner wall 16, further cut the dregs of a decoction, reduce the volume of dregs of a decoction, reduce the crushing degree of difficulty of crushing roller 21 to the dregs of a decoction, improve the crushing effect of dregs of a decoction, and simultaneously, when the dregs of a decoction or other kinds of dregs of a decoction are difficult to smash and twine on crushing roller 21, cut off the dregs of a decoction through cutter 17, cut apart, avoid dregs of a decoction to block up.

As an embodiment of the present invention, an included angle between the upper surface of the blade portion of the cutting knife 17 and the vertical direction is less than 90 °; the cutter 17 is spiral, and the diameter of the upper end of the cutter is directly smaller than that of the lower end of the cutter; the surface of the crushing roller 21 is provided with a spiral ring groove; the annular grooves correspond to the cutters 17 one by one; the tip of the cutting edge of the cutting knife 17 is aligned with the spiral ring groove;

when the crushing device works, when medicine dregs enter the main body 1 and are crushed through the crushing roller 21, the cutter 17 is spirally distributed, the medicine dregs can be pushed to move downwards to a certain extent, the medicine dregs are prevented from being accumulated on the upper surface of the cutter 17, and the crushing device is prevented from being blocked, meanwhile, because the included angle between the upper surface of the blade part of the cutter 17 and the vertical direction is less than 90 degrees, the medicine dregs can be cut in time when the medicine dregs are wound or blocked at the crushing roller 21, and the medicine dregs are prevented from being blocked on the crushing roller 21 column, so that the crushing device can not normally work, meanwhile, under the rotating action of the crushing roller 21, the medicine dregs which are cut by the cutter 17 are relatively pushed downwards by the spiral cutter 17, the cutting of the medicine dregs by the cutter 17 is accelerated, the crushing speed and the crushing effect of the medicine dregs are accelerated, and meanwhile, the spiral ring grooves on the surface of the crushing roller 21 can crush the medicine dregs, further produce downward thrust to the dregs of a decoction, avoid crushing roller 21 when rolling, crushing the dregs of a decoction, the dregs of a decoction receive crushing roller 21 roll adhere to the surface of conical roller 2 and crushing roller 21, cause the reducing mechanism to block up, influence the normal clear of crushing operation.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the rotating shaft 15 is provided with the extrusion disk 3, and the extrusion disk 3 can move up and down along the rotating shaft 15; the extrusion disc 3 is positioned below the upper mounting frame 23; the extrusion disc 3 is positioned above the conical roller 2; a second connecting sleeve 31 is mounted on the upper surface of the extrusion disc 3, and the rotating shaft 15 penetrates through the second connecting sleeve 31; the upper end of the second connecting sleeve 31 is provided with symmetrically distributed pushing cross rods 33; guide rods 34 are arranged at two ends of the pushing cross rod 33; the guide rod 34 penetrates through the upper mounting frame 23, and the upper end of the guide rod 34 is positioned above the upper mounting frame 23; a spring is arranged on the guide rod 34 and is positioned above the upper mounting frame 23; a plane cam 32 is arranged on the rotating shaft 15, and the convex part of the plane cam 32 faces the conical roller 2; the plane cam 32 is positioned below the upper mounting frame 23, and the plane cam 32 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 15; the upper surface of the push cross bar 33 is tightly attached to the lower surface of the plane cam 32;

when the medicine residue crushing machine works, after the motor 14 drives the rotating shaft 15 to start moving, the plane cam 32 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 15 starts to operate, meanwhile, the upper surface of the pushing cross rod 33 is tightly attached to the lower surface of the plane cam 32, when the plane cam 32 operates, the pushing cross rod 33 is under the action of the plane cam 32 and starts to reciprocate in the vertical direction, meanwhile, the pushing cross rod 33 is fixedly connected to the extrusion disc 3 through the connecting sleeve II 31, therefore, after the rotating shaft 15 starts to rotate, the extrusion disc 3 starts to reciprocate up and down along the rotating shaft 15 under the action of the plane cam 32, meanwhile, the extrusion disc 3 is positioned above the conical roller 2, after the extrusion disc 3 starts to reciprocate up and down along the rotating shaft 15, the extrusion disc 3 periodically extrudes medicine residue above the conical roller 2 in the main body 1, the medicine residue is pushed to enter the area where the conical roller 2 and the crushing roller 21, and the medicine residue is crushed by the roller 21, meanwhile, the pushing and extruding effects of the extruding disc 3 can prevent the dregs of a decoction from being accumulated above the conical rollers 2 in the main body 1, the dregs of a decoction can not smoothly fall to the area where the crushing rollers 21 are located, so that crushing is finished, and the crushing device can not normally work, meanwhile, the dregs of a decoction can be extruded and compressed to a certain extent under the action of the extruding disc 3, the distance between the dregs of a decoction can be reduced, the influence caused by different sizes of the dregs of a decoction can be reduced, the phenomenon that part of the dregs of a decoction with larger volume are always located above the conical rollers 2 in the main body 1, so that crushing of part of the dregs of a decoction can not be finished, and the crushing effect of the crushing device on the dregs of a decoction can be influenced is avoided, meanwhile, the pushing and extruding effects of the extruding disc 3 extrude the dregs of a decoction with larger volume into the area where the crushing rollers 21 are located for crushing, and, the difficulty of cutting the part of the medicine dregs by the upper cutter 17 on the grinding inner wall 16 can be reduced, the crushing of the large-volume medicine dregs is accelerated, the final medicine dreg crushing quality is improved, and the uniformity of the crushed medicine dregs is ensured.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the screen includes an upper screen 4 and a lower screen 43; the upper screen 4 is positioned above the lower screen 43 and is tightly attached together; the upper screen 4 is fixedly connected with the driving rod 41 and can move on the surface of the lower screen 43; the lower screen 43 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the main body 1; the cross section of the sieve pore on the upper sieve mesh 4 is trapezoidal, and the lower bottom of the trapezoid is positioned above; the cross section of the sieve hole on the lower sieve mesh 43 is rectangular, and the width of the rectangle is equal to the length of the upper bottom of the trapezoid cross section of the sieve hole on the upper sieve mesh 4;

in operation, after the motor 14 drives the rotating shaft 15 to move, because the upper screen 4 is eccentrically connected with the rotating shaft 15 through the driving rod 41, when the rotating shaft 15 operates, the upper screen 4 starts to move on the upper surface of the lower screen 43, the crushed medicine dregs falling on the surface of the upper screen 4 fall through the screen holes on the upper screen 4, and the cross section of the screen holes on the upper screen 4 is in an inverted trapezoid shape, so the medicine dregs falling on the upper screen 4 can easily enter the screen holes on the upper screen 4, meanwhile, the upper screen 4 and the lower screen 43 are tightly attached, the size of the screen holes on the lower screen 43 is equal to the size of the bottom of the screen holes on the upper screen 4, therefore, after the medicine dregs enter the screen holes on the upper screen 4, the lower part of the medicine dregs enter the screen holes on the lower screen 43, and meanwhile, because the upper screen 4 moves on the surface of the lower screen 43, the upper screen 4 and the lower screen 43 are connected with each other, so that the shearing force exists on the planes of the upper screen holes on the upper screen 4, when dregs of a decoction fall into the sieve pores on the upper sieve mesh 4 and the sieve pores on the upper sieve mesh 4 coincide with the sieve pores on the lower sieve mesh 43, the dregs of a decoction or the lower part of the dregs of a decoction enter the sieve pores on the lower sieve mesh 43, and the dregs of a decoction all entering the sieve pores on the lower sieve mesh 43 directly fall off in the moving process of the upper sieve mesh 4, and part of the dregs of a decoction entering the sieve pores on the lower sieve mesh 43 are further crushed due to the shearing force between the upper sieve mesh 4 and the lower sieve mesh 43, and the crushed part falls into the collecting box 13, meanwhile, part of the dregs of a decoction in the upper sieve mesh 4 waits for the sieve pores on the upper sieve mesh 4 to coincide with the sieve pores on the lower sieve mesh 43 next time, and simultaneously, the dregs of a decoction crushed by the crushing roller 21 can be sieved by the movement of the upper sieve mesh 4 to obtain the dregs of a size meeting the requirement, and the dregs of a part of a decoction after being crushed are overlarge, cut once more, smash, avoid the dregs of a decoction to block up the sieve mesh, lead to the unable normal work of reducing mechanism.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a brush 48 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the main body 1; the hairbrushes 48 are symmetrically distributed and are interrupted at the central position of the main body 1; the driving rod 41 is positioned at the interruption notch in the middle of the brush 48, and the driving rod and the brush are not contacted with each other; the brush 48 is positioned above the upper sieve plate, and bristles on the brush 48 are tightly attached to the surface of the upper sieve plate;

the during operation, when pivot 15 moves, go up screen cloth 4 and make eccentric motion under the drive of pivot 15, and simultaneously, dregs of a decoction after smashing crushing roller 21 directly falls on last screen cloth 4, at the in-process of last screen cloth 4 motion, there is relative motion between last screen cloth 4 and brush 48, through the relative motion between the two, brush 48 stirs the dregs of a decoction on the screen cloth 4, avoid partial dregs of a decoction that fall interval department in the middle of the last screen cloth 4 last sieve hole of last screen cloth 4 to last to be piled up on last screen cloth 4, lead to the dregs of a decoction to pile up in main part 1, lead to the screen cloth to block up, influence reducing mechanism's normal work, and simultaneously, avoid the dregs of a decoction to pile up on the screen cloth for a long time, cause the corruption to the screen.

As an embodiment of the invention, the upper surface of the lower sieve plate is provided with an annular air bag 42; the annular air bag 42 is positioned between the upper sieve plate and the inner wall of the main body 1 and seals a gap between the sieve mesh and the main body 1; a plurality of cavities are uniformly divided in the annular air bag 42, and the cavities are not communicated with each other; the lower surface of the lower sieve plate is provided with an air blowing plate 44; the air blowing plate 44 is provided with through holes which correspond to the sieve pores on the lower sieve plate one by one; the diameters of the through holes and the sieve pores are equal; a horizontal air passage 45 is formed on the upper surface of the air blowing plate 44; the horizontal air passages 45 are communicated with the through holes on the air blowing plate 44 one by one; a vertical air passage 46 is formed in the side surface of the lower sieve plate; the vertical air passage 46 is communicated with the horizontal air passage 45 and the annular air bag 42; a one-way structure is arranged at the joint of the annular air bag 42 and the vertical air passage 46, and the air in the annular air bag 42 enters the vertical air passage 46 in a one-way mode; the side surface of the lower sieve plate is provided with an annular air passage 47; the annular air passage 47 is positioned in the middle of the vertical air passage 46 and is communicated with the vertical air passage 46;

when the crushing device works, after the upper screen 4 starts to eccentrically move under the action of the rotating shaft 15, each cavity in the annular air bag 42 is periodically extruded and deformed, the eccentric motion of the upper screen plate is buffered through the deformation of the air bag, so that the phenomenon that the motion inertia of the upper screen plate 4 is overlarge to cause that parts in the crushing device bear force exceeding the limit to cause damage of the parts is avoided, meanwhile, the space between the upper screen plate and the inner wall of the main body 1 is closed through the annular air bag 42 to prevent medicine dregs from falling into a gap between the upper screen plate and the main body, the motion of the upper screen plate 4 is blocked, the rotating shaft 15 is blocked to cause that the motor 14 is burnt to influence the normal operation of the crushing device, meanwhile, when each cavity in the annular air bag 42 is extruded, the pressure in the cavity is increased, and the gas in the cavity enters the horizontal air passage 45 on the air blowing plate 44 through the vertical air passage 46 and finally enters the through hole on the air, blowing into in the sieve mesh on the screen cloth 43 down, remaining dregs of a decoction piece is blown away in the sieve mesh through the gas of blowing, avoids in the continuous use process, and the sieve mesh on upper screen net 4 and the lower screen net 43 is stifled by the dregs of a decoction, makes the dregs of a decoction after smashing can not normally pass through the screen cloth, leads to the dregs of a decoction after smashing in the main part 1 to pile up on the screen cloth, influences reducing mechanism's normal work.

The specific working process is as follows:

when the crushing device works, the power supply of the crushing device is switched on, the motor 14 is started, the dregs to be crushed are put into the main body 1 through the feed inlet 11, the rotating shaft 15 is driven to operate after the motor 14 operates, the crushing roller 21 is installed on the rotating shaft 15 through the fixing frame 22, when the rotating shaft 15 moves, the crushing roller 21 and the rotating shaft 15 synchronously move, the crushing roller 21 moves around the conical roller 2, the dregs put into the main body 1 through the inlet are rolled and crushed, the crushed dregs fall onto the screen, and are screened by the screen, the dregs reaching the preset grain size after being crushed fall below the screen and are collected by the collecting box 13, meanwhile, because the conical roller 2 is fixedly connected with the lower installing frame 24 through the connecting sleeve I, the crushing roller 21 is rotatably installed on the fixing frame 22, when the rotating shaft 15 operates, the crushing roller 21 rotates around the conical roller 2, and the crushing roller 21 rotates around itself, meanwhile, the cutter 17 arranged on the grinding inner wall 16 interacts with the crushing roller 21 to further cut the medicine dregs and reduce the volume of the medicine dregs; when the medicine dregs enter the main body 1 and are crushed through the crushing roller 21, the medicine dregs are pushed to move downwards and are cut due to the spiral distribution of the cutters 17; after the motor 14 drives the rotating shaft 15 to start moving, the plane cam 32 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 15 starts to operate, meanwhile, the upper surface of the pushing cross rod 33 is tightly attached to the lower surface of the plane cam 32, when the plane cam 32 operates, the pushing cross rod 33 is under the action of the plane cam 32 and starts to reciprocate in the vertical direction, meanwhile, the pushing cross rod 33 is fixedly connected to the extrusion disc 3 through the connecting sleeve II 31, after the rotating shaft 15 starts to rotate, the extrusion disc 3 starts to reciprocate up and down along the rotating shaft 15 under the action of the plane cam 32, meanwhile, the extrusion disc 3 is positioned above the conical rollers 2, and after the extrusion disc 3 starts to reciprocate up and down along the rotating shaft 15, the extrusion disc 3 periodically extrudes medicine residues above the conical rollers 2 in the main body 1 and pushes the medicine residues to enter the areas where the conical rollers 2 and the crushing rollers 21 are located; after the motor 14 drives the rotating shaft 15 to move, because the upper screen mesh 4 is eccentrically connected with the rotating shaft 15 through the driving rod 41, when the rotating shaft 15 operates, the upper screen mesh 4 starts to move on the upper surface of the lower screen mesh 43, the crushed medicine residues falling on the surface of the upper screen mesh 4 fall through the screen holes on the upper screen mesh 4, meanwhile, because the upper screen mesh 4 moves on the surface of the lower screen mesh 43, shearing force exists on the plane where the screen holes on the upper screen mesh 4 and the lower screen mesh 43 are connected, when the medicine residues fall into the screen holes on the upper screen mesh 4 and the screen holes on the lower screen mesh 43 are overlapped, all the medicine residues or the lower parts of the medicine residues enter the screen holes on the lower screen mesh 43, in the moving process of the upper screen mesh 4, all the medicine residues entering the screen holes on the lower screen mesh 43 directly fall, and part of the medicine residues entering the screen holes on the lower screen mesh 43 are broken due to the shearing force between the upper screen mesh 4 and the lower, meanwhile, waiting for the next overlapping of the screen holes on the upper screen mesh 4 and the screen holes on the lower screen mesh 43 for part of the herb residues in the screen holes on the upper screen mesh 4; when the rotating shaft 15 moves, the upper screen 4 is driven by the rotating shaft 15 to do eccentric motion, meanwhile, medicine residues crushed by the crushing roller 21 directly fall onto the upper screen 4, relative motion exists between the upper screen 4 and the brush 48 in the motion process of the upper screen 4, and the brush 48 stirs the medicine residues on the upper screen 4 through the relative motion between the upper screen 4 and the brush 48; when the upper screen 4 starts to move eccentrically under the action of the rotating shaft 15, each cavity in the annular air bag 42 is periodically extruded and deformed, the pressure in the cavity is increased, the gas in the cavity enters the horizontal air passage 45 on the air blowing plate 44 through the vertical air passage 46 and finally enters the through holes on the air blowing plate 44, and the air is blown into the sieve holes on the lower screen 43 to blow away residual medicine residue and debris in the sieve holes.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A soilless culture nutrient solution is characterized in that: the soilless culture nutrient solution is obtained by uniformly mixing a basic component A and a functional component B according to the proportion of 2: 1;

the preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps:

the crushing device in the step S1 comprises a main body (1); the main body (1) is cylindrical and hollow; a feed inlet (11) is arranged at the upper end of the main body (1); the feed port (11) is communicated to the inner space of the main body (1); a rotating shaft (15) is arranged at the center in the main body (1); a motor (14) is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the main body (1); an output shaft of the motor (14) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (15); a grinding inner wall (16) is arranged in the main body (1); the cross section of the grinding inner wall (16) is in a combined pattern formed by stacking two trapezoids with equal size in the vertical direction and collinearly arranging the upper bottoms of the trapezoids; the feed inlet (11) is positioned on the upper half part of the grinding inner wall (16); an upper mounting frame (23) is arranged in the main body (1); the two ends of the upper mounting rack (23) are inserted into the side wall of the grinding inner wall (16), and the upper mounting rack (23) is positioned at the upper half part of the grinding inner wall (16); a lower mounting frame (24) is arranged in the main body (1); the lower mounting rack (24) is positioned right below the upper mounting rack (23); the upper end of the rotating shaft (15) is rotatably arranged on the upper mounting frame (23); the lower end of the rotating shaft (15) is rotatably arranged on the lower mounting rack (24); the rotating shaft (15) is provided with the conical roller (2), and the conical roller (2) and the rotating shaft (15) can rotate relatively; uniformly distributed crushed particles are arranged on the surface of the conical roller (2); the diameter of the upper end of the conical roller (2) is smaller than that of the lower end; the generatrix of the conical roller (2) is parallel to the generatrix on the same plane on the inner surface of the grinding inner wall (16); a gap is formed between the conical roller (2) and the grinding inner wall (16); the upper surface of the lower mounting frame (24) is provided with a first connecting sleeve, and the rotating shaft (15) penetrates through the first connecting sleeve; the conical roller (2) is fixedly connected to the lower mounting frame (24) through a first connecting sleeve; a fixed frame (22) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (15); the fixed frames (22) are multiple in number and are uniformly distributed around the rotating shaft (15); the upper end of the fixed frame (22) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (15), and the lower end of the fixed frame is connected with the first connecting sleeve through a lantern ring; the fixed frame (22) can rotate relative to the connecting sleeve; the fixed frame (22) is provided with a crushing roller (21); uniformly distributed crushed particles are arranged on the surface of the crushing roller (21); the central line of the crushing roller (21) is parallel to the generatrix of the conical roller (2); the crushing roller (21) is positioned in a gap between the conical roller (2) and the grinding inner wall (16); the distance between the grinding roller (21) and the conical roller (2) is smaller than the distance between the grinding roller (21) and the grinding inner wall (16); a cutter (17) is arranged on the grinding inner wall (16); the cutters (17) are uniformly distributed on the grinding inner wall (16); the blade part of the cutter (17) is just contacted with the surface of the crushing roller (21); a screen is arranged in the main body (1); the screen is positioned below the lower mounting rack (24); the edge of the screen is provided with an elastic body; the elastic body can elastically deform and close a gap between the screen mesh and the main body (1); the lower end of the rotating shaft (15) is provided with a driving rod (41); the driving rod (41) is eccentrically connected with the screen; a collecting box (13) is arranged in the main body (1); the collecting box (13) is positioned on the bottom surface in the main body (1); a discharge hole (12) is formed in the side surface of the main body (1); the collecting box (13) can be taken out from the discharge hole (12).

2. The soilless culture nutrient solution of claim 1, wherein: an included angle between the upper surface of the edge part of the cutter (17) and the vertical direction is less than 90 degrees; the cutter (17) is spiral, and the diameter of the upper end of the cutter is directly smaller than that of the lower end of the cutter; the surface of the crushing roller (21) is provided with a spiral ring groove; the annular grooves correspond to the cutters (17) one by one; the tip of the cutting edge of the cutting knife (17) is aligned with the spiral ring groove.

3. The soilless culture nutrient solution of claim 1, wherein: the rotating shaft (15) is provided with the extrusion disc (3), and the extrusion disc (3) can move up and down along the rotating shaft (15); the extrusion disc (3) is positioned below the upper mounting frame (23); the extrusion disc (3) is positioned above the conical roller (2); a second connecting sleeve (31) is mounted on the upper surface of the extrusion disc (3), and the rotating shaft (15) penetrates through the second connecting sleeve (31); the upper end of the second connecting sleeve (31) is provided with symmetrically distributed pushing cross rods (33); guide rods (34) are arranged at two ends of the pushing cross rod (33); the guide rod (34) penetrates through the upper mounting frame (23), and the upper end of the guide rod (34) is positioned above the upper mounting frame (23); a spring is arranged on the guide rod (34) and is positioned above the upper mounting frame (23); a plane cam (32) is mounted on the rotating shaft (15), and the convex part of the plane cam (32) faces the conical roller (2); the plane cam (32) is positioned below the upper mounting frame (23), and the plane cam (32) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (15); the upper surface of the pushing cross rod (33) is tightly attached to the lower surface of the plane cam (32).

4. The soilless culture nutrient solution of claim 1, wherein: the screen comprises an upper screen (4) and a lower screen (43); the upper screen (4) is positioned above the lower screen (43), and the upper screen and the lower screen are tightly attached together; the upper screen (4) is fixedly connected with the driving rod (41) and can move on the surface of the lower screen (43); the lower screen (43) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the main body (1); the cross section of the sieve pore on the upper sieve mesh (4) is trapezoidal, and the lower bottom of the trapezoid is positioned above; the cross section of the sieve hole on the lower sieve mesh (43) is rectangular, and the width of the rectangle is equal to the length of the trapezoid upper bottom of the cross section of the sieve hole on the upper sieve mesh (4).

5. The soilless culture nutrient solution of claim 1, wherein: a brush (48) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the main body (1); the hairbrushes (48) are symmetrically distributed and are interrupted at the central position of the main body (1); the driving rod (41) is positioned at an interruption gap in the middle of the brush (48), and the driving rod and the brush are not contacted with each other; the brush (48) is positioned above the upper sieve plate, and the bristles on the brush (48) are tightly attached to the surface of the upper sieve plate.

6. The soilless culture nutrient solution of claim 1, wherein: an annular air bag (42) is arranged on the upper surface of the lower sieve plate; the annular air bag (42) is positioned between the upper sieve plate and the inner wall of the main body (1) and seals a gap between the sieve mesh and the main body (1); a plurality of cavities are uniformly separated in the annular air bag (42), and the cavities are not communicated with each other; an air blowing plate (44) is arranged on the lower surface of the lower sieve plate; the air blowing plate (44) is provided with through holes which correspond to the sieve pores on the lower sieve plate one by one; the diameters of the through holes and the sieve pores are equal; a horizontal air passage (45) is formed in the upper surface of the air blowing plate (44); the horizontal air passages (45) are communicated with the through holes on the air blowing plate (44) one by one; a vertical air passage (46) is formed in the side surface of the lower sieve plate; the vertical air passage (46) is communicated with the horizontal air passage (45) and the annular air bag (42); a one-way structure is arranged at the joint of the annular air bag (42) and the vertical air passage (46), and the air in the annular air bag (42) enters the vertical air passage (46) in a one-way mode; the side surface of the lower sieve plate is provided with an annular air passage (47); the annular air passage (47) is located in the middle of the vertical air passage (46) and is communicated with the vertical air passage (46).

7. A preparation method of a soilless culture nutrient solution is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method is applied to the soilless culture nutrient solution of any one of the preceding claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:

t1: pulverizing the residue of Chinese herbal medicine extraction, and fermenting to obtain mother liquor I, which is functional component B;