CN112159180B - Polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN112159180B
CN112159180B CN202011105135.6A CN202011105135A CN112159180B CN 112159180 B CN112159180 B CN 112159180B CN 202011105135 A CN202011105135 A CN 202011105135A CN 112159180 B CN112159180 B CN 112159180B
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polyaluminium chloride
waste residue
recycled
coarse aggregate
chloride waste
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CN112159180A (en
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徐平
丁亚红
韩冬
龚健
张敏霞
崔宇豪
王兴国
张向冈
王雨利
徐海宾
李新功
夏祖滨
段李莉
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Henan University of Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • C04B2201/52—High compression strength concretes, i.e. with a compression strength higher than about 55 N/mm2, e.g. reactive powder concrete [RPC]

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb and a preparation method thereof, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in unit volume mass: 600-690 kg/m sand3And 375-400 kg/m of recycled coarse aggregate3750-800 kg/m of natural coarse aggregate340-80 kg/m of waste residue of thermally activated polyaluminium chloride3220 to 260kg/m of cement340-80 kg/m of fly ash3The water-to-glue ratio is 0.40-0.45; the mixing amount of the water reducing agent is 0.30-0.55% of the cementing material, the mixing amount of the defoaming agent is 0.10-0.15% of the cementing material, and the mixing amount of the alkali activator is 2.5-5.3% of the cementing material. The invention adopts the industrial waste polyaluminium chloride waste residue and the recycled aggregate to manufacture the curb, has simple manufacturing method and low cost, can effectively reduce the mass stacking of the polyaluminium chloride waste residue and the construction waste, can also reduce the use amount of high-energy consumption cement, has important significance for reducing the construction cost, reducing the environmental pollution and the like, and has good social benefit and economic benefit.

Description

Polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a curb and a preparation method thereof, in particular to an environment-friendly curb prepared by utilizing waste materials generated in the polyaluminium chloride industry and replacing part of Portland cement after thermal activation treatment, belonging to the technical field of road building materials.
Background
The polyaluminium Chloride waste residue is a byproduct generated in the industrial production of polyaluminium Chloride, the polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) is a high-efficiency flocculant in water treatment, a plurality of methods for producing the polyaluminium Chloride (PAC) at home and abroad are common, a two-step method of acid dissolution of bauxite and calcium aluminate powder is adopted as a common method, namely, the bauxite and the calcium aluminate powder react with hydrochloric acid or mixed acid under certain conditions to obtain liquid polyaluminium Chloride (PAC), and residual solids form waste residue. About 0.5-1.0 ton of waste slag is generated in each 1 ton of polyaluminium chloride, and along with the gradual improvement of the environmental protection requirement, the demand for the polyaluminium chloride is continuously increased, and a large amount of waste slag is generated. At present, most of the waste residues are transported to a landfill site for deep burying treatment, or the waste residues are subjected to harmless treatment and then stockpiled according to Chinese patent CN 109351762A' a harmless treatment system and process for polyaluminium chloride water purifying agent waste residues. The stacking method not only occupies a large amount of land to cause environmental pollution, but also can not reasonably utilize available components in the waste residue to cause resource waste, and seriously limits the further development of the current water purifying agent industry, so that the method continuously explores and researches a new utilization way of the polyaluminium chloride waste residue, can consume the polyaluminium chloride waste residue on a large scale, and is the main trend of utilizing the polyaluminium chloride waste residue at present.
In the prior art, patent CN 103553492A for preparing a baking-free brick by using PAC waste residues "a baking-free brick using polyaluminium chloride waste residues and red mud as main materials and a preparation method thereof" exist, the patent uses the PAC waste residues and the red mud as main raw materials to prepare the baking-free brick, but the PAC waste residues used in the patent are waste residues which are not subjected to deacidification treatment, the waste residues have certain weak acidity, and Cl in the PAC waste residues-The content is as high as 8.85 percent, so the PAC waste residue can not be directly used as a cementing material, can generate adverse effect on concrete or mortar members, can cause the attenuation of the later strength of the members in serious cases, and in addition, although SiO in the PAC waste residue2And Al2O3Is not low, 34.74% and 22.55%, respectively, but SiO in an acidic environment2And Al2O3The chemical activity of PAC is not well utilized, and thus the utilization of PAC waste is greatly limited.
Most of the curb stones on the two sides of urban roads and highways are concrete. The excessive application of concrete curbs results in the consumption of a large amount of natural stones and river sand, while large-scale mountain mining and quarrying can cause serious environmental pollution, and on the other hand, the taking of the sand can cause the damage of river beds and the damage to underwater environment. If such a development situation continues, the contradiction between sustainable development of the building industry and shortage of aggregate resources is inevitably becoming more acute. Meanwhile, the quantity of the construction waste in China accounts for 30-40% of the total quantity of the urban waste, and according to rough statistics on the loss of construction materials of buildings such as a brick-concrete structure, a full cast-in-place structure and a frame structure, 500-600 tons of the construction waste can be generated only in the construction process of each square meter of the buildings. During the 'one-fifthly' period, the construction waste generated in China can reach 30 hundred million tons, and the concrete accounts for 40-50%. The amount of domestic construction waste in 2010 has reached as high as 70 million tons and is growing at a rate of about 3 million tons per year. Therefore, how to utilize waste concrete materials to reduce construction waste is a major research direction in the civil engineering industry.
At present, documents for resource utilization of polyaluminium chloride waste residues as raw materials are few, so that the problem that the technical personnel in the field need to solve is that the polyaluminium chloride waste residues are combined with recycled concrete to prepare various members, such as curb stones, not only can reduce the transitional exploitation of sandstone resources, but also can protect the environment and realize the full utilization of the recycled resources.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of serious pollution of the polyaluminium chloride waste residue to the environment and resource waste caused by other construction wastes in the prior art, the polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb and the preparation method thereof are provided, the stacking of the polyaluminium chloride industrial waste and the construction wastes can be reduced, the pollution to the natural environment is reduced while the waste is recycled, the consumption of concrete mixture to cement is reduced, and the concrete curb has remarkable economic and social benefits.
In order to achieve the above object, one of the technical solutions of the present invention is:
the polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb comprises the following raw materials in unit volume mass: 600-690 kg/m sand3And 375-400 kg/m of recycled coarse aggregate3750-800 kg/m of natural coarse aggregate340-80 kg/m of waste residue of thermally activated polyaluminium chloride3220 to 260kg/m of cement340-80 kg/m of fly ash3The water-to-glue ratio is 0.40-0.45; the mixing amount of the water reducing agent is 0.30-0.55% of the cementing material, the mixing amount of the defoaming agent is 0.10-0.15% of the cementing material, and the mixing amount of the alkali activator is 2.5-5.3% of the cementing material; wherein, the waste residue of the thermally activated polyaluminium chloride, the cement and the fly ash are used as cementing materials.
Preferably, the sand is a mixture of machine-made sand and fine sand which are well graded and have a fineness modulus of 2.3-2.7, wherein the mass ratio of the machine-made sand to the fine sand is 8:2, the particle size of the natural coarse aggregate is 10-20 mm, the particle size of the recycled coarse aggregate is 5-10 mm, the cement is ordinary portland cement with a grade of P.O 42.5 or above, and the fly ash is fly ash with a grade of above II.
The method for pretreating the recycled coarse aggregate comprises the following steps: adding 5-10% of Na to the recycled coarse aggregate2SiO3Soaking in the solution for 5-8 h, and airing for later use.
The preparation method of the waste residue of the thermally activated polyaluminium chloride comprises the following steps: firstly grinding the polyaluminium chloride waste residue, then calcining at the high temperature of 800-1100 ℃ for 2-3 h, cooling and sieving to obtain the polyaluminium chloride.
The method for pretreating the polyaluminium chloride waste residue comprises the following steps: mixing the polyaluminium chloride waste residue with quicklime, stirring uniformly, adding water to prepare slurry, stirring, standing until the slurry naturally settles to obtain supernatant and precipitate, and finally drying the precipitate to obtain the pretreated polyaluminium chloride waste residue.
The mass ratio of the polyaluminium chloride waste residues to the quicklime is 100: 1-50: 1.
The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, the water reducing rate of the water reducing agent is 25-30%, and the defoaming agent is a solid defoaming agent.
The alkali activator comprises NaOH and Na2SiO3And the retarder is (15-22) to (84-140) to (6-10) in mass ratio, wherein the retarder is one or more of calcium sucrose, sodium gluconate, barium chloride and gypsum.
One of the technical schemes of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb comprises the following steps:
(1) reinforcing recycled coarse aggregate: first, Na is added by NaOH2SiO3Adjusting the modulus of the solution to 1.0-2.0, and then adding water to adjust Na2SiO3The mass concentration of the solution is 5-10%, and then the recycled coarse aggregate is placed in Na2SiO3Soaking in the solution for 5-8 h, and airing for later use;
(2) weighing raw materials: according to the raw material proportion of the concrete kerbstone, sand, natural coarse aggregate, reinforced recycled coarse aggregate, thermally activated polyaluminium chloride waste residue, cement, fly ash, water reducing agent, defoaming agent and alkali activator raw materials such as NaOH and Na are respectively weighed2SiO3A retarder;
(3) stirring and mixing: sequentially adding sand, natural coarse aggregate, reinforced recycled coarse aggregate, thermally activated polyaluminium chloride waste residue, cement, fly ash and part of water into a mortar stirrer, uniformly mixing, then adding a water reducing agent and a defoaming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a premix;
(4) preparing an alkali activator: the residual water is used as NaOH and Na2SiO3Respectively preparing NaOH solution and Na2SiO3A solution; mixing NaOH solution and Na2SiO3Mixing the solution with a retarder to obtain an alkali activator;
(5) preparing concrete slurry: fully mixing the premix with an alkali activator to obtain polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete slurry;
(6) preparing and maintaining the kerbstone: putting the polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete slurry into a curb mold brushed with a release agent in advance, and compacting; standing at room temperature for 24h, demolding, and naturally sprinkling water for moisturizing and maintaining to obtain the final product.
Preferably, the curing time is not less than 7d, the environmental temperature is not less than 20 ℃ during curing, and the surface of the concrete is kept wet.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method pretreats the PAC waste residue to remove the acidic components of the PAC waste residue so as to make the PAC waste residue neutral. The PAC waste residue has potential chemical activity, the specific surface area of PAC waste residue particles is increased through grinding treatment, the release of active ingredients in the PAC waste residue is facilitated in an alkaline environment generated by cement hydration, and meanwhile, the refined PAC waste residue can well fill tiny pores in concrete. PAC waste residue is subjected to high-temperature calcination (thermal activation) to generate a large amount of amorphous active SiO2、Al2O3And CaO, SiO2And Al2O3Can react with Ca (OH) in an alkaline environment2The reaction generates hydrated calcium silicate and calcium aluminate with a cementing effect, the strength of concrete can be effectively improved, CaO can provide a better alkaline environment for PAC waste residues in the hydration process, the potential chemical activity of the PAC waste residues is excited, the space structure of thermally activated polyaluminium chloride waste residues is porous and has stronger adsorbability, and in the alkaline environment formed in the cement hydration process, the PAC waste residues adsorb alkali and perform chemical reaction to further excite the internal active ingredients of the PAC waste residues and form compact 'nuclear' cements on the PAC waste residues, so that pores can be effectively filled and aggregates can be cemented, and the cohesiveness and the strength of the concrete can be effectively improved.
2. The thermal activation polyaluminium chloride waste residue used in the invention has good water-retaining property, and can effectively improve the bleeding property and segregation property of concrete slurry when added into concrete; meanwhile, the concrete has the function of internal curing, and can improve the strength and the anti-shrinkage performance of the concrete. The specific action is shown as follows: the space structure of the thermally activated polyaluminium chloride waste residue is porous, and can absorb and store a large amount of water; a large amount of water is consumed in the cement hydration process, so that the internal environment of a cement hydration system is dry, and the hydration of cement cannot be fully completed; after the thermal activation polyaluminium chloride waste residue is added, a large amount of water can be stored in the waste residue, and when a dry environment appears in the cement hydration process, the water can be provided for further and fully hydrating cement.
3. The invention uses the alkali activator to strengthen the recycled aggregate, wherein the water glass can not only enter the pores and cracks of the recycled aggregate, but also form a coating layer outside the aggregate to glue the microcracks in the recycled aggregate so as to improve the pore structure of the recycled aggregate; furthermore, cement hydrates to form a large amount of Ca (OH)2The water glass can be adhered on the surface of the aggregate and can be mixed with Ca (OH)2The chemical reaction is carried out to generate hydraulic calcium silicate colloid which is used for filling the pores of the recycled aggregate, so that the compactness and the strength of the aggregate are improved, the water absorption rate and the crushing value of the reinforced recycled aggregate are obviously reduced, and the performance of the aggregate is obviously improved. In addition, the alkali activator can excite the potential chemical activity of the polyaluminium chloride waste residue due to the oxidation product SiO of the PAC waste residue material2And Al2O3The ceramic slag is in the form of stable glass phase (silicate and aluminate minerals such as calcite and perovskite), and the alkali activator can destroy covalent bonds of Si-O-Si and Al-O-Al in the stable phase, so that the stable phase is converted into an unstable state, and the activity of PAC waste slag is improved, thereby achieving the effect of improving the strength of the kerbstone.
4. The invention adopts the industrial waste polyaluminium chloride waste residue and the recycled aggregate to manufacture the curb, which not only can effectively reduce the mass stacking of the polyaluminium chloride waste residue and the construction waste, but also can reduce the usage amount of the high-energy-consumption cement, and has good social benefit and economic benefit.
5. The polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete kerbstone has the advantages of simple manufacturing method, low cost and simple and feasible preparation method, is beneficial to industrial production and popularization, can obviously improve the resource utilization of the polyaluminium chloride waste residue, and has important significance in the aspects of reducing construction cost, reducing environmental pollution and the like. Meanwhile, the strength of the concrete prepared by the invention is higher than 30MPa, the concrete is not limited to kerbstone, the concrete is also suitable for concrete pavements with lower requirements on strength grade, the consumption of PAC waste residue is more than that of baking-free bricks, and the invention also utilizes recycled aggregate and machine-made sand, thereby achieving the aim of treating waste by waste.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention in detail.
The cement used in the embodiment of the invention is P.O 42.5 ordinary portland cement, the fly ash is II-grade fly ash, the sand is a mixture of machine-made sand and fine sand which are well graded and have a fineness modulus of 2.3-2.7, the mass ratio of the machine-made sand to the fine sand is 8:2, the natural coarse aggregate is crushed stone with a particle size of 10-20 mm and continuously graded, the regenerated coarse aggregate is waste concrete which is obtained after sorting, crushing and screening, the particle size is 5-10 mm, the continuous grading is performed, and the defoaming agent is a gypsum defoaming agent (PD-2000A) which is purchased from Beijing Taobao Tegao technology Limited. The water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent (PC-F) which is purchased from Beijing mu lake admixture limited company, and the water reducing rate of the water reducing agent is 25-30%.
Thermal activation of polyaluminium chloride waste residues:
(1) pretreatment: the polyaluminium chloride waste residue is waste residue produced by producing polyaluminium chloride by a bauxite and calcium aluminate dissolution two-step method, has high acidity, and can be treated by a certain means so as to be applied to engineering. The specific treatment method comprises the following steps: mixing the polyaluminium chloride waste residue with quicklime (mass ratio is 100:1), uniformly stirring, adding water to prepare slurry, continuously stirring for 30-40 min, standing until the slurry naturally settles to obtain supernatant and precipitate, and finally drying the precipitate to obtain pretreated polyaluminium chloride waste residue. The main chemical components before and after the polyaluminium chloride waste residue treatment are shown in the table 1.
Table 1 main chemical composition (%)
Treatment method SiO2 Al2O3 CaO Fe2O3 TiO2 MgO Cl-
Untreated 34.74 22.55 3.06 1.21 1.43 7.98 8.85
After treatment 37.72 23.80 4.66 2.42 3.15 6.34 2.06
As can be seen from the analysis of chemical composition of PAC slag before and after the treatment in Table 1, Cl in the PAC slag after the treatment-The content is obviously reduced, SiO2、Al2O3And the content of CaO is increased.
(2) Thermal activation: levigating the pretreated PAC waste residues to ensure that the specific surface area of the PAC waste residues is 200-350 m2/kg, then in the range of 800 to 11Calcining at a high temperature of 00 ℃ for 2-3 h, cooling, and sieving by using a 0.045mm sieve to obtain the heat-activated PAC waste residue. Taking PAC waste residue after high-temperature calcination at 1000 ℃ for 2h as an example, the main chemical components are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 main chemical composition (%)
Treatment method SiO2 Al2O3 CaO Fe2O3 TiO2 MgO Cl-
1000℃ 40.15 25.46 9.58 4.07 3.59 1.53 1.83
Chemical composition analysis of the thermally activated PAC slag, as shown in Table 2It is known that SiO in the PAC waste residue after high-temperature calcination2、Al2O3And the CaO content is higher, and the CaO can provide a better alkaline environment for the PAC waste residue in the hydration process, so that the potential chemical activity of the PAC waste residue is excited.
The activity index of PAC waste residue after 2h of high-temperature calcination at 1000 ℃ was determined according to the test method of appendix A of JG/T486-2015 composite admixture for concrete and compared with first-grade Fly Ash (FA) in Table 3, and it was found that: the activity index of the thermally activated PAC waste residue 28d is 0.85, so that the thermally activated PAC waste residue has high volcanic ash activity and can excite the chemical activity in an alkaline environment.
TABLE 3 thermally activated PAC waste residue Activity index
Figure BDA0002726702820000051
In addition, the mortar test was performed by replacing cement with different amounts of thermally activated PAC waste (calcined at 1000 ℃ for 2 hours), and the test results are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 Cement mortar test compressive Strength test results (28d)
Figure BDA0002726702820000061
The results show that the 28d compressive strength of the thermally activated PAC waste residue is slightly higher than that of a pure cement group under the condition that the amount of the substituted cement is 5-15%, and the 28d compressive strength enhancement ratio of the thermally activated PAC waste residue can still reach more than 0.9 of that of the pure cement group under the condition that the substituted cement amount is less than 25%, so that the thermally activated PAC waste residue can substitute part of cement and has better performance under a certain proportion.
Example 1
The polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb comprises the following raw materials in unit volume mass: 600kg/m of sand3The recycled coarse aggregate is 400kg/m3800kg/m of natural coarse aggregate3Thermal activation (high temperature calcination at 1000 ℃ for 2h) of polyaluminium chloride waste residue 40kg/m3220kg/m cement380kg/m of fly ash3153kg/m of water3The water-to-glue ratio is 0.45; the mixing amount of the water reducing agent is 0.30 percent (unit volume mass) of the cementing material, the mixing amount of the antifoaming agent is 0.10 percent (unit volume mass) of the cementing material, and the alkali activator comprises 2.5kg/m NaOH3、Na2SiO3 14.0kg/m3And gypsum 1kg/m3(ii) a Wherein, the waste residue of the thermally activated polyaluminium chloride, the cement and the fly ash are used as cementing materials.
The preparation method of the polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb comprises the following steps:
(1) reinforcing recycled coarse aggregate: first, Na is added by NaOH2SiO3Adjusting the modulus of the solution to 1.0-2.0, and then adding water to adjust Na2SiO3The mass concentration of the solution is 5-10%, and then the recycled coarse aggregate is placed in Na2SiO3Soaking in the solution for a period of time (5-8 h), and airing for later use;
(2) weighing raw materials: according to the raw material proportion of the concrete kerbstone, sand, natural coarse aggregate, reinforced recycled coarse aggregate, thermally activated polyaluminium chloride waste residue, cement, fly ash, water reducing agent, defoaming agent and alkali activator raw materials such as NaOH and Na are respectively weighed2SiO3And gypsum;
(3) stirring and mixing: sand, natural coarse aggregate, reinforced recycled coarse aggregate, waste residue of thermally activated polyaluminium chloride, cement, fly ash and part of water (53.5 kg/m)3) Sequentially adding the mixture into a mortar stirrer, uniformly mixing, then adding a water reducing agent and a defoaming agent, and uniformly stirring (3-5 min) to obtain a premix;
(4) preparing an alkali activator: the residual water is used as NaOH and Na2SiO3Respectively preparing NaOH solution and Na2SiO3A solution; mixing NaOH solution and Na2SiO3Mixing the solution with gypsum to obtain an alkali activator;
(5) preparing concrete slurry: fully mixing the premix with an alkali activator to obtain polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete slurry;
(6) preparing and maintaining the kerbstone: placing the polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete slurry into a curb mold brushed with a release agent in advance, and vibrating and compacting on a vibrating table for 2-3 min; and standing at room temperature for 24h, demolding the obtained concrete curb, and naturally watering and moisturizing the demolded concrete curb for curing for not less than 7d, wherein the environmental temperature is not lower than 20 ℃ during curing, and the surface of the concrete is kept moist.
Example 2
The polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb comprises the following raw materials in unit volume mass: 600kg/m of sand3The recycled coarse aggregate is 400kg/m3800kg/m of natural coarse aggregate3Thermally activating (calcining at 1000 ℃ for 2h) the polyaluminium chloride waste residue by 80kg/m3220kg/m cement340kg/m of fly ash3153kg/m of water3The water-to-glue ratio is 0.45; the mixing amount of the water reducing agent is 0.30 percent (unit volume mass) of the cementing material, the mixing amount of the antifoaming agent is 0.10 percent (unit volume mass) of the cementing material, and the alkali activator comprises 2.5kg/m NaOH3、Na2SiO3 14.0kg/m3And gypsum 1kg/m3(ii) a Wherein, the waste residue of the thermally activated polyaluminium chloride, the cement and the fly ash are used as cementing materials.
The preparation method of the polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb comprises the following raw materials in unit volume mass: 690kg/m of sand3375kg/m of recycled coarse aggregate3750kg/m of natural coarse aggregate3Thermally activating (calcining at 1000 ℃ for 2h) the polyaluminium chloride waste residue by 80kg/m3260kg/m of cement340kg/m of fly ash3152kg/m of water3The water-to-glue ratio is 0.40; the mixing amount of the water reducing agent is 0.55 percent (unit volume mass) of the cementing material, the mixing amount of the antifoaming agent is 0.15 percent (unit volume mass) of the cementing material, and the alkali activator comprises 1.25kg/m NaOH3、Na2SiO3 7.70kg/m3And gypsum 0.55kg/m3(ii) a Wherein, the waste residue of the thermally activated polyaluminium chloride, the cement and the fly ash are used as cementing materials.
The preparation method of the polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 4
The polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb comprises the following raw materials in unit volume mass: 690kg/m of sand3375kg/m of recycled coarse aggregate3750kg/m of natural coarse aggregate3Thermally activating (calcining at 1000 ℃ for 2h) the polyaluminium chloride waste residue by 80kg/m3260kg/m of cement340kg/m of fly ash3171kg/m of water3The water-to-glue ratio is 0.45; the mixing amount of the water reducing agent is 0.30 percent (unit volume mass) of the cementing material, the mixing amount of the antifoaming agent is 0.10 percent (unit volume mass) of the cementing material, and the alkali activator comprises 1.25kg/m NaOH3、Na2SiO3 7.70kg/m3And gypsum 0.55kg/m3(ii) a Wherein, the waste residue of the thermally activated polyaluminium chloride, the cement and the fly ash are used as cementing materials.
The preparation method of the polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Comparative data on the performance of the polyaluminium chloride waste recycled concrete kerbstone prepared in the above example are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5 comparison of measured data for examples
Figure BDA0002726702820000081
As can be obtained from Table 5, the concrete compressive strengths of the concrete in the embodiments 1 to 4 all meet the requirement of the concrete curb strength specification JC/T899-2016 concrete curb, and reach the strength design requirement of C30 (not less than 30MPa), which indicates that the thermal activation polyaluminium chloride waste residue can achieve better effect in replacing cement. Compared with the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, the consumption of the waste slag of the thermally activated polyaluminium chloride is reduced, and the consumption of the fly ash is increased, so that the strength of the concrete is reduced slightly, which shows that compared with the fly ash, the compressive strength of the concrete is improved by the thermally activated polyaluminium chloride more obviously; comparing example 4 with example 3, reducing the water-cement ratio and increasing the amount of water reducing agent and defoaming agent, the strength change of the concrete is stable with only small improvement, which shows that the water-cement ratio and admixture have lower influence on the activity and strength of the thermally activated polyaluminium chloride waste residue.
Through comparison of examples 1-4, the thermal activation polyaluminium chloride waste residue as an admixture for replacing cement has better mechanical property and working property, and has certain advantages compared with fly ash. The polyaluminium chloride waste residue is activated by the chemical activator, so that the strength of concrete can be obviously improved, the activity of waste residue materials is effectively activated, and the method has excellent engineering application prospect.

Claims (7)

1. The polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in unit volume mass: 600-690 kg/m sand3And 375-400 kg/m of recycled coarse aggregate3750-800 kg/m of natural coarse aggregate340-80 kg/m of waste residue of thermally activated polyaluminium chloride3220 to 260kg/m of cement340-80 kg/m of fly ash3The water-to-glue ratio is 0.40-0.45; the mixing amount of the water reducing agent is 0.30-0.55% of the cementing material, the mixing amount of the defoaming agent is 0.10-0.15% of the cementing material, and the mixing amount of the alkali activator is 2.5-5.3% of the cementing material; wherein, the waste residue of the thermally activated polyaluminium chloride, the cement and the fly ash are used as cementing materials;
the preparation method of the waste residue of the thermally activated polyaluminium chloride comprises the following steps: firstly grinding the polyaluminium chloride waste residue, then calcining at the high temperature of 800-1100 ℃ for 2-3 h, cooling and sieving to obtain the polyaluminium chloride;
the method for pretreating the polyaluminium chloride waste residue comprises the following steps: mixing the polyaluminium chloride waste residue with quicklime, uniformly stirring, adding water to prepare slurry, stirring, standing until the slurry naturally settles into supernatant and precipitate, and finally drying the precipitate to obtain pretreated polyaluminium chloride waste residue;
the mass ratio of the polyaluminium chloride waste residues to the quicklime is 100: 1-50: 1.
2. The polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sand is a mixture of machine-made sand and fine sand which are well-graded and have a fineness modulus of 2.3-2.7, wherein the mass ratio of the machine-made sand to the fine sand is 8:2, the particle size of the natural coarse aggregate is 10-20 mm, the particle size of the recycled coarse aggregate is 5-10 mm, the cement is ordinary portland cement with a grade of P.O 42.5 or above, and the fly ash is fly ash with a grade of II or above.
3. The polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb as claimed in claim 2, wherein the recycled coarse aggregate is pretreated first, and the specific method comprises: adding 5-10% of Na to the recycled coarse aggregate2SiO3Soaking in the solution for 5-8 h, and airing for later use.
4. The polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb as recited in claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, the water reducing rate of the water reducing agent is 25-30%, and the defoaming agent is a solid defoaming agent.
5. The polyaluminum chloride slag recycled concrete curbstone of claim 1, wherein the alkali-activator comprises NaOH, Na2SiO3And the retarder is (15-22) to (84-140) to (6-10) in mass ratio, wherein the retarder is one or more of calcium sucrose, sodium gluconate and gypsum.
6. A preparation method of the polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete curb as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:
(1) reinforcing recycled coarse aggregate: first, Na is added by NaOH2SiO3Adjusting the modulus of the solution to 1.0-2.0, and then adding water to adjust Na2SiO3The mass concentration of the solution is 5-10%, and then the recycled coarse aggregate is placed in Na2SiO3Soaking in the solution for 5-8 h, and airing for later use;
(2) weighing raw materials: according to the raw material proportion of the concrete kerbstone, sand, natural coarse aggregate, reinforced regenerated coarse aggregate, heat activated polyaluminium chloride waste residue, cement, fly ash, water,Water reducing agent, defoaming agent, and raw materials of alkali activator NaOH and Na2SiO3A retarder;
(3) stirring and mixing: sequentially adding sand, natural coarse aggregate, reinforced recycled coarse aggregate, thermally activated polyaluminium chloride waste residue, cement, fly ash and part of water into a mortar stirrer, uniformly mixing, then adding a water reducing agent and a defoaming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a premix;
(4) preparing an alkali activator: the residual water is used as NaOH and Na2SiO3Respectively preparing NaOH solution and Na2SiO3A solution; mixing NaOH solution and Na2SiO3Mixing the solution with a retarder to obtain an alkali activator;
(5) preparing concrete slurry: fully mixing the premix with an alkali activator to obtain polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete slurry;
(6) preparing and maintaining the kerbstone: putting the polyaluminium chloride waste residue recycled concrete slurry into a curb mold brushed with a release agent in advance, and compacting; standing at room temperature for 24h, demolding, and naturally sprinkling water for moisturizing and maintaining to obtain the final product.
7. The method for preparing polyaluminium chloride waste slag recycled concrete curb as claimed in claim 6, wherein the curing time is not less than 7d, the ambient temperature during curing is not less than 20 ℃, and the concrete surface is kept wet.
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