CN112136626A - Rice and fish comprehensive planting and breeding internal circulation system and use method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice and fish comprehensive planting and breeding internal circulation system and a use method thereof, which enable water to circulate between a rice field and an aquaculture system by arranging a ditch and the aquaculture system in the rice field, compared with the existing rice and fish symbiotic mode, the planting and breeding are relatively managed in different regions, mutual restriction is avoided, complementary advantages are realized, feeding, managing and catching of aquatic products are more convenient, mechanized harvesting of rice is facilitated, and the water can be lifted from the aquaculture system to the irrigation ditch, the water after irrigating the rice field passes through the return ditch, the water is lifted from the return ditch to the aquaculture system for circulation through the water body lifting equipment, therefore, the water body forms circulation between the rice field and the aquaculture system, and when the circulating water system is applied to hilly lands, the defects that the hilly lands are uneven and circulating water is difficult to arrange on a large scale are overcome, and the moderate-scale operation of the hilly lands is convenient to realize.

Description

A kind of rice-fishing integrated planting and breeding internal circulation system and using method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of integrated rice-fishing planting and breeding, in particular to an internal circulation system for integrated rice-fishing planting and breeding and a method for using the same.

Background technique

Fish farming in paddy fields in my country has been recorded since the Han Dynasty more than 2,000 years ago, mainly in southern rice-growing areas such as Zhejiang. At present, most of the existing rice and fish farming models are symbiotic models of rice and aquatic products, that is, while rice is grown in paddy fields, aquatic products are grown together. This mode of rice planting and aquatic product farming restricts each other, which is inconvenient for aquatic products. It is also inconvenient for the low efficiency of rice harvesting, and it is impossible to implement mechanized operations, which is not conducive to promotion.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an internal circulation system of rice-fishing comprehensive planting and breeding and a method of use. Compared with the existing rice-fishing symbiosis mode, planting and breeding are managed in relative zones, avoiding mutual constraints, realizing complementary advantages, and investing in aquatic products. Feeding, management and fishing are more convenient, and it is also convenient for mechanized harvesting of rice, and the water can be lifted from the aquaculture system to the irrigation ditch. After the water after irrigating the paddy field passes through the return ditch, the water is lifted from the return ditch by the water body lifting equipment to lift the aquaculture system. Circulation is carried out, so that the water body forms a circulation between rice fields and aquaculture systems. When applied to hilly areas, it is beneficial to overcome the defects of uneven land in hilly areas, and it is difficult to distribute circulating water on a large scale, and it is convenient to achieve moderate scale operation in hilly areas.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A rice-fishing integrated planting and breeding internal circulation system,

including paddy fields having an aquaculture system and ditches therein;

The ditches include irrigation ditches and return ditches, the irrigation ditches are set at a relatively high place in the paddy field, and the return ditches are set at a relatively low place in the paddy fields;

The return ditch is provided with water body lifting equipment to lift the water body in the return ditch to the aquaculture system, and the aquaculture system is provided with water body lifting equipment to lift the water body in the aquaculture system to the irrigation ditch.

Optionally, the ditch further comprises a circulation ditch, the circulation ditch is arranged between a relatively high place and a relatively low place of the paddy field, and both ends of the circulation ditch are communicated with the aquaculture system.

Optionally, the aquaculture system includes a fish pond and a culture device, the culture device is arranged in the fish pond, the culture device includes at least one culture tank, and a water body exchange device installed on the culture tank.

Optionally, the bottom of both ends of the culture tank is closed, the upper part is provided with a screen mesh, and the elevations on both sides of the culture tank are closed; the two sides of the bottom of the culture tank are inclined toward the middle to form a first-level pollution accumulation area.

Optionally, the culturing device further includes a secondary contamination collecting tank disposed at the rear end of the cultivating tank, and two sides of the bottom of the secondary contamination collecting tank are inclined toward the middle to form a secondary contamination accumulating area.

Optionally, the culturing device includes a plurality of cultivating tanks, the plurality of cultivating tanks are arranged in parallel, and adjacent culturing tanks are spaced apart from each other.

Optionally, the water body exchange equipment includes water pushing equipment and/or water pulling equipment, and the water pushing equipment is installed at the front end of the cultivating device to introduce the water body in the fish pond into the culturing tank, and the water pulling equipment is installed in the cultivating tank. The rear end of the breeding device to guide the water in the breeding tank into the fish pond.

Optionally, the cultivation device is arranged in the fish pond, and the total area of the cultivation device is less than 80% of the total area of the fish pond.

The present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned rice-fishing integrated planting and breeding internal circulation system, comprising the following steps:

S1. Arrange aquaculture systems and ditches in the paddy fields;

S2. Connect the paddy field and the aquaculture system to each other through the ditches, so that the water body can form a circulation between the paddy field and the aquaculture system, and build a rice-fishing integrated planting and breeding system;

S3. Growing rice in paddy fields, and cultivating aquatic species in aquaculture systems.

Further, in step S2, the water is diverted to the paddy field for irrigation through the irrigation ditch, the irrigated water is returned to the return ditch, and the water in the return ditch is lifted to the aquaculture system by the water body lifting device, and then the aquatic products are lifted by the water body lifting device. The water from the breeding system is raised to the irrigation ditches to irrigate the paddy fields.

The present invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: in the present invention, by arranging a ditch and an aquaculture system in the paddy field, the ditch includes an irrigation ditch set at a relatively high place in the paddy field, and a return ditch set at a relatively low place in the paddy field, And the return ditches are connected with the aquaculture system, so that the water body circulates between the paddy field and the aquaculture system. Compared with the existing rice-fish symbiosis model, planting and breeding are managed in relative zones, avoiding mutual constraints and realizing complementary advantages. Feeding, management and fishing are more convenient, and it is also convenient for mechanized harvesting of rice, and the water can be lifted from the aquaculture system to the irrigation ditch. After the water after irrigating the paddy field passes through the return ditch, the water can be lifted from the return ditch by the water body lifting equipment for aquaculture. The system circulates, so that the water body forms a circulation between rice fields and aquaculture systems. When applied to hilly areas, it is beneficial to overcome the defects of uneven land in hilly areas, and it is difficult to distribute circulating water on a large scale, and it is convenient to achieve moderate scale operation in hilly areas.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore do not It should be regarded as a limitation of the scope, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, other related drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a kind of rice-fishing integrated planting and breeding internal circulation system structural representation provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of cultivating device;

Fig. 3 is the top view of cultivating device;

Fig. 4 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 3;

Icons: 1-Paddy field, 2-Irrigation ditches, 3-Return ditches, 4-Circulation ditches, 5-Fish ponds, 6-Cultivation device, 7-Cultivation tank, 8-Screen mesh, 9-First-level pollution accumulation area, 10 - Secondary sewage gathering tank 10, 11 - water pushing equipment, 12 - water pulling equipment, 13 - gap, 14 - secondary pollution gathering area.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1-4, a rice-fishing integrated planting and breeding internal circulation system (the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 1 represents the flow of water) includes a paddy field 1, which is provided with an aquaculture system and ditches; the ditches include irrigation Ditch 2, return ditches 3 and circulation ditches 4, irrigation ditches 2 are located at the relative heights of paddy fields 1, so that water flows from irrigation ditches 2 to paddy fields 1 for irrigation, and return ditches 3 are located at relatively low places in paddy fields 1, so that the paddy fields are The water in 1 is collected in the return ditch 3, and the return ditch 3 is provided with a water body lifting device (not shown in the figure, the water body lifting device can be other electric water conveying devices such as submersible pumps or gas (steam) dynamic water conveying devices), circulation ditch 4 is located between the relatively high and relatively low places of the paddy field 1 , that is, the height of the circulation ditch 4 is located between the irrigation ditch 2 and the return ditch 3 .

The aquaculture system includes a fish pond 5 and a breeding device 6. The breeding device 6 is arranged in the fish pond 5. The total area of the breeding device 6 is less than 80% of the total area of the fish pond 5. A gap 13 is left on one side of the pond 5 to facilitate the small circulation of the water body between the fish pond 5 and the breeding device. Both ends of the circulating ditch 4 are communicated with the aquaculture system, and specifically the two ends of the circulating ditch 4 are communicated with the front and rear ends of the fish pond 5, so that the water body in the fish pond can flow into the circulating ditch to form a circulation, and can also be used in the fish pond and the fish pond. A water level control device (the water level control device can be other facilities such as gates) shall be installed at the connection of the circulating ditch to ensure that the water level of the aquaculture system is not lower than the design water level.

The aquaculture system is also provided with a water body lifting device (not shown), specifically, it is arranged in the fish pond 5, and the water body lifting device in the return ditch 3 lifts the water body in the return ditch 3 to the fish pond 5, and the water fish pond 5 The water body lifting equipment inside lifts the water body in the fish pond 5 to the irrigation ditch 2 .

In practical application, shrimp and crabs can be cultured in the circulating ditch 4, and shellfish can be added to strengthen the water purification. An aerator (not shown) is installed in the circulating ditch 4 and/or return ditch 3, and the aerator is a waterwheel-type aerator. It has the triple functions of oxygenation, wave creation and flow promotion, and promotes the return of the water body.

The relative height of the aquaculture system is lower than the relative low position of the circulating ditch 4, that is, the highest part of the bottom of the fish pond 5 should be lower than the lowest part of the bottom of the circulating ditch 4, and in practical application, the cross-sectional area of the circulating ditch 4 is not less than 10% of the cross-sectional area of the fish pond 5 to ensure smooth water flow. In addition, it is worth noting that, since the height of the circulation ditch 4 is located between the irrigation ditch 2 and the return ditch 3, the height of the fish pond is located between the irrigation ditch 2 and the return ditch 3, so that the water in the return ditch 3 can be avoided. When lifting to the fish pond and when the water in the fish pond is lifted to the irrigation ditch 3, the lifting height is too high and the lifting energy consumption is increased.

In practical application, the area occupied by the paddy field 1 should be much larger than the sum of the area of the ditch and the fish pond 5, preferably, the sum of the area of the ditch and the fish pond 5 is less than 1/9 of the area occupied by the paddy field 1, and the area of the fish pond 5 is less than 1/9. The area is preferably less than 10% of the area of the paddy field 1, so that the rice grown in the paddy field 1 has sufficient capacity to purify the soluble pollutants in the water body.

The culturing device 6 includes at least one culturing tank 7 , and a water body exchange device installed on the culturing tank 7 , and also includes a secondary sewage collecting tank 10 arranged at the rear end of the culturing tank 7 . The culturing device 6 includes several culturing tanks 7, which are arranged in parallel and juxtaposed with each other, and the adjacent breeding tanks 7 are attached to each other and separated from each other. of aquatic products. The number of breeding tanks 7 can be selected according to the total area of paddy field 1. For example, the area of paddy field 1 is not more than 300 mu, then the number of breeding tanks 7 should not exceed 10, so as to avoid the excessive output of cultured aquatic products, which may lead to the purification of soluble pollutants in rice. ability is not enough.

The lower part of both ends of the breeding tank 7 is closed, the upper part is provided with a screen mesh 8, and the facades on both sides of the breeding tank 7 are closed; Or one or more of hot-dip galvanized materials, the bottom two sides of the culture tank 7 are inclined to the middle to form a first-level pollution accumulation area 9, in this embodiment, the first-level pollution accumulation area 9 is a plate-shaped walkway, and aquatic products produce The excrement collected in the first-level contamination gathering area 9, the excrement that did not accumulate in the second-level contamination gathering area 9 gathers in the secondary contamination gathering tank, and the bottom two sides of the secondary contamination gathering tank 10 are inclined to the middle to form a secondary contamination gathering area. 14. The length direction of the secondary contamination tank is perpendicular to the length direction of the culture, that is, the length of the secondary contamination tank is equal to the overall width of several cultivation tanks 7, and the adjacent secondary contamination tanks can be directly connected, even if there are multiple two The secondary sewage collection tank is integrated into a whole.

A sedimentation tank (not shown in the figure) is arranged near the fish pond 5, and the primary pollution accumulation area 9 and the secondary pollution accumulation area 14 can be connected to the sedimentation basin through a pump and a pipeline system (not shown in the figure), so that regular (monthly, monthly, Every quarter or half a year), the excrement collected in the primary pollution accumulation area 9 and the secondary pollution accumulation tank 10 is pumped into the sedimentation tank, and then organic fertilizer is produced, which is used as the base fertilizer for rice planting.

In this embodiment, the water exchange equipment includes a water pushing device 11 and a water pulling device 12. The water pushing device 11 is installed at the front end of the aquaculture device 6, and the water pulling device 12 is installed at the rear end of the aquaculture device 6, or only the water pushing device can be provided. The equipment 11 or the water-pulling equipment 12, specifically, the water-pushing equipment 11 is installed on the front-end sidewall of the culture tank 7, the water-pulling equipment 12 is installed on the rear-end sidewall of the secondary sewage gathering tank 10, and the water-pulling equipment 11 makes the fish pond. The water of 5 enters the aquaculture device 6, and the water pulling device 12 makes the water in the aquaculture device 6 discharge.

The present invention also provides a method for using the above-mentioned rice-fishing integrated planting and breeding internal circulation system, comprising the following steps:

S1. Arranging an aquaculture system and ditches in the paddy field 1, including arranging an irrigation ditches 2 in a relatively high place in the paddy field 1, arranging a return ditches 3 in a relatively low place in the paddy field 1, and arranging a circulation between a relatively high place and a relatively low place in the paddy field 1 Ditch 4; fish pond 5 is arranged at a suitable position, and culture device 6 is arranged in fish pond 5, pay attention to leave gap 13 on one side of culture device 6 and one side of fish pond 5; the arrangement of culture device 6 specifically includes piling, The culture tank 7 and the secondary sewage gathering tank 10 are fixed in the fish pond 5 by means of anchoring, etc., while the water pushing device 11 is installed on the front end side wall of the culture tank 7, and the water pulling device 12 is installed at the rear of the secondary sewage gathering tank 10. end wall.

S2. Connect the paddy field 1 and the aquaculture system to each other through the ditch, so that the water body forms a circulation between the paddy field 1 and the aquaculture system, and constructs a rice-fishing integrated planting and breeding system; The water after the irrigation is returned to the return ditch 3, and the water in the return ditch 3 is lifted to the fish pond 5 by the water body lifting equipment. The water in the pond 5 is raised to the irrigation ditch 2 to irrigate the paddy field 1, and a cycle is formed repeatedly.

S3. Planting rice in the paddy field 1, and cultivating aquatic species in the aquaculture system, specifically including cultivating shrimp and crabs in the circulating ditch 4, adding shellfish to enhance water purification, and having an aerator in the circulating ditch 4 and/or to increase the The oxygen machine is a waterwheel-type aerator, which has the triple functions of increasing oxygen, creating waves and promoting flow, and promotes the return of the water body; at the same time, according to the market demand, different fish, shrimp, crab, shell, etc. .

Compared with the existing rice-fish symbiosis mode, the present invention has relatively partitioned management of planting and breeding, avoiding mutual restriction, more convenient feeding, management and fishing of aquatic products, and also facilitates mechanized harvesting of rice. The water flows to the return ditch 3, and the water is raised from the return ditch 3 to the fish pond 5 by the water body lifting equipment in the return ditch 3, through the gap 3 between the side wall of the fish pond 5 and the culturing device 6, so that the water body is in the fish pond and A small circulation is formed between the breeding devices 6, and the water in the fish pond 5 can also flow into the circulation ditch 4 to form a circulation, and the water in the fish pond 5 can be lifted to the irrigation ditch 2 by the water body lifting equipment in the fish pond 5 and flow into the paddy field 1 again. Or directly flow into the paddy field 1 from the circulation ditch 4, so as to circulate between the paddy field 1 and the aquaculture system. When applied to hilly areas, it is beneficial to overcome the defects of uneven land in hilly areas and it is difficult to distribute circulating water on a large scale, and it is convenient to realize the realization of hilly areas. of moderate scale operations.

In addition, the system transfers the manure out of the water body in time during the breeding process, avoiding the manure polluting the water body, reducing the pollution load during the breeding process, and reducing the pressure of purification and treatment in the paddy field.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a rice-fishing comprehensive planting and breeding internal circulation system, is characterized in that: Including paddy field (1), described paddy field (1) is provided with aquaculture system and ditches; The ditch comprises an irrigation ditch (2) and a return ditch (3), the irrigation ditch (2) is arranged at a relatively high position in the paddy field (1), and the return ditch (3) is arranged at a relatively low position in the paddy field (1). place; The return ditch (3) is communicated with the aquaculture system, and a water body lifting device is arranged in the return ditch (3) to lift the water body in the return ditch (3) to the aquaculture system. There are water lifts to lift the water within the aquaculture system to the irrigation ditches (2). 2. The integrated rice-fishing planting and breeding internal circulation system according to claim 1, wherein the ditch further comprises a circulation ditch (4), and the circulation ditch (4) is arranged at a relatively high position in the paddy field (1). Both ends of the circulation ditch (4) communicate with the aquaculture system between the relatively low places. 3. The integrated rice-fishing planting and breeding internal circulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the aquaculture system comprises a fish pond (5) and a breeding device (6), and the breeding device (6) is located in the In the fish pond (5), the culturing device (6) comprises at least one culturing tank (7), and a water body exchange device installed on the culturing tank (7). 4. The rice-fishing integrated planting and breeding internal circulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the two ends of the breeding tank (7) are closed at the bottom, and the upper part is provided with a screen mesh (8), and the two ends of the breeding tank (7) are closed. The side elevation is closed; both sides of the bottom of the breeding tank (7) are inclined toward the middle to form a first-level pollution accumulation area (9). 5. The rice-fishing integrated planting and breeding internal circulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the culturing device (6) further comprises a secondary contamination tank (10) arranged at the rear end of the breeding tank (7), and the two Two sides of the bottom of the secondary contamination tank (10) are inclined toward the middle to form a secondary contamination accumulation area (14). 6. The rice-fishing integrated planting and breeding internal circulation system according to claim 5, characterized in that: the culturing device (6) comprises several breeding tanks (7), and several breeding tanks (7) are arranged in parallel and adjacent to each other. The breeding tanks (7) are attached and separated from each other. 7. The rice-fishing integrated planting and breeding internal circulation system according to claim 3, wherein the water body exchange device comprises a water-pushing device (11) and/or a water-pulling device (12), and the water-pushing device (12). 11) be installed at the front end of the culturing device (6), to introduce the water body in the fish pond (5) into the culturing tank (7), and the water pulling device (12) is installed at the rear end of the culturing device (6) to The water body in the culture tank (7) is introduced into the fish pond (5). 8. The rice-fishing integrated planting and breeding internal circulation system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the culturing device (6) is arranged in the fish pond (5), and the total area of the culturing device (6) is smaller than that of the fish 80% of the total area of the pond (5). 9. the using method of the rice-fishing integrated planting and breeding internal circulation system according to any one of claims 1-8, is characterized in that, comprises the steps: S1. Arrange aquaculture systems and ditches in the paddy field (1); S2. Connect the paddy field (1) and the aquaculture system to each other through the ditch, so that the water body forms a circulation between the paddy field (1) and the aquaculture system, and constructs a rice-fishing integrated planting and breeding system; S3. Growing rice in the paddy field (1), and cultivating aquatic species in an aquaculture system. 10. The using method of rice-fishing integrated planting and breeding internal circulation system according to claim 9, is characterized in that, in step S2, water is irrigated to paddy field (1) by irrigation ditches (2), the water after irrigation Return to the return ditch (3), lift the water in the return ditch (3) to the aquaculture system through the water body lifting equipment, and then lift the water of the aquaculture system to the irrigation ditch (2) to the rice field (1) through the water body lifting equipment irrigation.

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