CN112134613A - Industrial communication system and communication method of unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents

Industrial communication system and communication method of unmanned aerial vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112134613A
CN112134613A CN202011010355.0A CN202011010355A CN112134613A CN 112134613 A CN112134613 A CN 112134613A CN 202011010355 A CN202011010355 A CN 202011010355A CN 112134613 A CN112134613 A CN 112134613A
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communication
unmanned aerial
data
aerial vehicle
transmission
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CN202011010355.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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左亚尧
陈致然
洪嘉伟
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Guangdong University of Technology
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Guangdong University of Technology
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Priority to CN202011010355.0A priority Critical patent/CN112134613A/en
Publication of CN112134613A publication Critical patent/CN112134613A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14Relay systems
    • H04B7/15Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/18502Airborne stations
    • H04B7/18506Communications with or from aircraft, i.e. aeronautical mobile service

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle communication, in particular to an industrial communication system and a communication method of an unmanned aerial vehicle. The unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a flight control system, a data stream cache transmission system, a converged communication system and a data acquisition system, an edge computing center is used for processing data in the data stream cache transmission system, communication equipment in the unmanned aerial vehicle and the corresponding communication relays form a communication network, and data generated by the flight control system and the data stream cache transmission system can be transmitted to the remote command center through different communication networks in the converged communication system. The communication system of this application satisfies unmanned aerial vehicle's even transmission of data, simultaneously because there are many communication networks, communication system has realized the low delay transmission of unmanned aerial vehicle's flight control system data to and unmanned aerial vehicle's data is complete and accurately transmit to remote command center.

Description

Industrial communication system and communication method of unmanned aerial vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle communication, in particular to an industrial communication system and a communication method of an unmanned aerial vehicle.
Background
In recent years, with continuous progress of communication technology and unmanned aerial vehicle control technology, unmanned aerial vehicles are widely applied to a plurality of fields such as aerial photography, routing inspection, fire fighting, agriculture and surveying with the characteristics of flexibility and high efficiency. Currently, unmanned aerial vehicle communication means includes multiple single communication means: 1) in a 4G network transmission mode, the coverage range of 4G base station signals is wider, but in an industrial environment where the unmanned aerial vehicle is used, the number of base stations is often smaller, the unmanned aerial vehicle is prone to have the situation of unstable signals in the flight process, and the bandwidth of 4G communication gradually cannot meet the communication requirement of the unmanned aerial vehicle along with the expansion of the application of the unmanned aerial vehicle; 2) in the mode of 5G network transmission, because the frequency of a 5G signal is high, the attenuation is large, and the coverage range of a base station signal is small, the number of base stations under the same area needs to be increased by the 5G base station relative to the 4G base station in the flight range of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the construction cost of the 5G base station is 2-3 times that of the 4G base station, the construction cost and the requirement of the base stations are considered, in the use environment of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the number of the 5G base stations is less, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle needs to be provided with the base stations during operation, and the flight range of the unmanned aerial; 3) satellite communication mode, satellite signal coverage is wide, but communication cost is high, and the bandwidth is less, consequently can't satisfy unmanned aerial vehicle normal use demand. Unmanned aerial vehicles generally need long distance operation, therefore the communication quality of single communication mode often can not satisfy unmanned aerial vehicle's data uniform transmission in the whole course. In addition, single communication mode easily causes the flight control system data of unmanned aerial vehicle to delay transmission, or unmanned aerial vehicle's data can not accurate complete transmission.
Disclosure of Invention
To the not enough of above-mentioned prior art, this application provides an unmanned aerial vehicle's industrial communication system and communication method.
An industrial communication system of a drone, comprising a drone, a remote command center and communication relays, the drone comprising a plurality of different communication devices, each of the communication devices forming a communication network with its corresponding one of the communication relays;
the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a flight control system, a data stream caching transmission system, a fusion communication system and a data acquisition system;
the converged communication system comprises a converged communication network, a communication signal detection module and a synchronous transmission module, wherein the converged communication network is formed by a plurality of different communication networks, and the flight control system transmits the flight log of the unmanned aerial vehicle through one of the communication networks;
the data stream cache transmission system is used for storing total data in the data acquisition system and transmitting the total data to the synchronous transmission module;
the communication signal detection module is used for detecting the converged communication network where the unmanned aerial vehicle is located, selecting at least one communication network from the rest communication networks and feeding back the communication network to the synchronous transmission module, and the synchronous transmission module is used for transmitting the total data and the total data log to the remote command center.
Optionally, the data stream cache transmission system includes a data aggregation module and a memory, where the memory is used to store the data aggregated by the data aggregation module.
Optionally, the system further comprises an edge computing center, wherein the total data includes video data and sensor data, the edge computing center includes a sensor server, and the sensor server is configured to compute the sensor data and transmit the sensor data to the remote command center.
Optionally, the communication relay includes a 4G communication base station, a 5G communication base station, a satellite, or the internet; the communication equipment is a 5G communication terminal, a 4G communication terminal or a satellite communication terminal.
Optionally, the communication mode of the communication network formed by the 5G communication terminal and the 5G communication base station includes: a cellular communication mode and a D2D communication mode which are mutually switchable.
Optionally, the remote command center includes a display, and the display is used for displaying all data of the drone.
Optionally, the remote command center further includes a flight controller, and the flight control system includes an instruction receiving module, where the instruction receiving module is configured to receive a control instruction of the flight controller.
An industrial communication method of an unmanned aerial vehicle is applied to the industrial communication system of the unmanned aerial vehicle as claimed in claim 1, the communication device is a 5G communication terminal, a 4G communication terminal or a satellite communication terminal, the communication relay comprises a communication base station, a satellite or the Internet, and the data acquisition system comprises a camera and a sensor;
the communication method comprises the steps that the flight control system and the fusion communication system respectively transmit data;
the flight control system sends the flight log of the unmanned aerial vehicle to the remote command center through one of the communication networks;
the communication signal detection module detects the converged communication network where the unmanned aerial vehicle is located, selects a communication network meeting transmission requirements from the rest communication networks and feeds back the communication network to the synchronous transmission module, and the synchronous transmission module transmits the total data and the total data log to the remote command center.
Optionally, the process of transmitting data by the converged communication system includes:
1) the data stream cache transmission system initiates a transmission request;
2) the converged communication system judges whether the signal intensity d of the current communication network c meets the transmission requirement;
3) if not, polling and switching the communication network until the communication condition is met to obtain a current available communication mode c';
4) when the transmission condition is satisfied, transmitting a current communication mode c' and a transmission data starting point s through a communication network formed by a satellite and a satellite terminal;
5) carrying out data transmission through the currently selected communication mode c';
6) if the communication condition is not satisfied in the transmission process, updating the next data transmission starting point s as the current transmission breakpoint e, synchronizing to the remote command center through the satellite channel, and returning to the step 2.
Optionally, the communication mode of the communication network formed by the 5G communication terminal and the communication base station includes: the unmanned aerial vehicle is in a cellular communication mode and a D2D communication mode which can be switched with each other, the cellular communication mode is adopted when the unmanned aerial vehicle is in communication with the base station, and the D2D communication mode is adopted when the unmanned aerial vehicle is in communication with the edge computing center.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the industrial communication system of the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises the unmanned aerial vehicle, a remote command center and communication relays, a plurality of different communication devices and the corresponding communication relays jointly construct a converged communication network, and data generated by a flight control system and a data stream cache transmission system can be transmitted by adopting different communication networks, so that the problem that the communication quality of a single communication mode cannot meet the requirement of uniform data transmission of the unmanned aerial vehicle is avoided; meanwhile, due to the fact that the communication networks are arranged, the communication system achieves low-delay transmission of flight control system data of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the data of the unmanned aerial vehicle are transmitted to the remote command center completely and accurately.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an industrial communication system of an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of a relationship between modules of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the industrial communication system of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a diagram of a step of an algorithm of a converged communication system in the industrial communication system of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the embodiments described below are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an industrial communication system of an unmanned aerial vehicle includes an unmanned aerial vehicle, a remote command center, and a communication relay, where the communication relay may be a 5G communication base station, a 4G communication base station, the internet, or a satellite, the unmanned aerial vehicle includes a plurality of different communication devices, and each communication device may be a 5G communication terminal, a 4G communication terminal, or a satellite communication terminal, and each communication device forms a communication network with a corresponding communication relay, for example, the satellite communication terminal forms a satellite communication network with the satellite. The unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a flight control system, a data stream caching transmission system, a fusion communication system and a data acquisition system, wherein the flight control system transmits a flight log of the unmanned aerial vehicle through one communication network. The converged communication system specifically comprises a converged communication network, a communication signal detection module and a synchronous transmission module, the data stream cache transmission system is used for storing total data in the data acquisition system and transmitting the total data to the synchronous transmission module, the converged communication network is formed by a plurality of different communication networks, the communication signal detection module is used for detecting the converged communication network environment where the unmanned aerial vehicle is located and selecting at least one communication network, the communication networks with different numbers can be selected according to the number of the data, and the synchronous transmission module transmits the total data and the total data log to a remote command center through the selected communication network.
In general, a flight control system adopts the fastest communication network in the converged communication network to transmit a flight log of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and a command center can timely transmit a flight instruction to the unmanned aerial vehicle according to flight log data transmitted in real time; the data of the other part of the unmanned aerial vehicle is transmitted through the converged communication system: the data acquired by the data acquisition system are transmitted into the data stream cache transmission system, a communication signal detection module in the converged communication system detects the converged communication network and selects at least one communication network, the communication signal detection module compares the transmission speeds of the other communication networks, then selects a communication mode which ensures the transmission speed and has lower transmission cost, and finally, the synchronous transmission module reliably transmits the total data and the total data log to the remote command center through the selected communication network. Wherein, total data includes sensor data and data of making a video recording, and total data transmission log specifically includes unmanned aerial vehicle number, data packet serial number, communication mode, send time. Preferably, the total data log is transmitted to the remote command center through the fastest communication network, and the remote command center knows the next action condition of the converged communication system in advance. Wherein, unmanned aerial vehicle flight log includes: flight attitude, flight trajectory, flight speed, flight altitude, heading, electrical quantity, sensor status data, and the like. The log information records the working state of the unmanned aerial vehicle and the running state of the equipment on the unmanned aerial vehicle.
In this embodiment, unmanned aerial vehicle includes many communication networks, when the data bulk of unmanned aerial vehicle output is very big, can divide into different communication networks with the data that flight control system and data flow cache transmission system produced and transmit respectively, the transmission rate of two communication networks is different, select different communication networks according to the priority of flight control system and data flow cache transmission system communication, make unmanned aerial vehicle can stabilize the flight in the communication network coverage, also guaranteed simultaneously that data in the data flow cache transmission system transmits to remote command center through best transmission mode. In addition, because the industrial communication system of the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a plurality of communication networks, when one communication network has slow transmission due to large data volume, the command center can redistribute data to other communication networks according to the actual situation, and the problem that the data of the flight control system is transmitted in a delayed mode or the data of the unmanned aerial vehicle cannot be transmitted accurately and completely is solved.
Remote command center can only dispose the display in this embodiment, and the display possesses the function that shows unmanned aerial vehicle data, and the user can look over unmanned aerial vehicle's flight situation through removing the APP that serves, and remote command center also can be equipped with display and flight controller simultaneously, and flight controller sends control command according to unmanned aerial vehicle's flight situation, and flight control system includes instruction receiving module, and instruction receiving module is used for receiving flight controller's control command. The remote command center also comprises a distribution module, so that a plurality of users can watch the unmanned aerial vehicle image video on the APP at the same time.
In an optional embodiment, the data acquisition system includes a camera and a sensor, the camera is used for shooting the environment around the unmanned aerial vehicle, for example, shooting scenery on the flight path of the unmanned aerial vehicle, shooting whether there are obstacles around the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the sensor can be used for sensing the temperature, humidity, wind power and the like where the unmanned aerial vehicle is located. The number of cameras and sensors is not specifically limited, and cameras and sensors may be arranged in a plurality of orientations of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
In an optional embodiment, the communication system further includes an edge computing center, where the edge computing center includes a sensor server, and the sensor server is configured to compute sensor data transmitted by the drone and preprocess the sensor data. The edge calculation center calculates the data that unmanned aerial vehicle gathered earlier, transmits to remote command center again, can obviously alleviate remote command center's load capacity. The data flow caching transmission system comprises a data aggregation module and a memory, wherein the data aggregation module aggregates data collected from different sensors and stores the data in the memory according to different priorities.
The communication modes of the communication network formed by the 5G communication terminal and the 5G communication base station comprise a cellular communication mode and a D2D communication mode which can be switched mutually. The D2D (Device-to-Device) communication mode is that the 5G communication terminal is directly connected with the 5G communication terminal, and a communication base station is not needed. When the unmanned aerial vehicle communicates with the base station, the communication network is switched to a cellular communication mode, and when the unmanned aerial vehicle communicates with the edge computing center, the communication network is switched to a D2D communication mode.
In the embodiment, the industrial communication system of the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises the unmanned aerial vehicle, an edge computing center, a remote command center and communication relays, a plurality of different communication devices and the corresponding communication relays jointly form a converged communication network, data generated by a flight control system and a data flow cache transmission system can be transmitted by adopting different communication networks, the flight control system can preferentially adopt the communication network with the fastest transmission rate, so that the stable flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle is ensured, meanwhile, a synchronous transmission module reliably transmits the data to the remote command center through the selected communication network, and the problem that the communication quality of a single communication mode cannot meet the uniform transmission of the data of the unmanned aerial vehicle is avoided; meanwhile, because a plurality of communication networks are arranged in the communication system, the low-delay transmission of the flight control system data of the unmanned aerial vehicle is ensured, and the data of the unmanned aerial vehicle is completely and accurately transmitted to the remote command center.
Example two
Based on the industrial communication system of the unmanned aerial vehicle provided by the first embodiment, the second embodiment provides an industrial communication method of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the communication method comprises the step that the flight control system and the fusion communication system respectively transmit data. And the flight control system sends the flight log of the unmanned aerial vehicle to the remote command center through one of the communication networks, and generally, the flight control system selects the communication network which transmits the fastest speed to transmit the flight log of the unmanned aerial vehicle to the remote command center. In a converged communication network formed by a 5G communication terminal, a 4G communication terminal or a satellite communication terminal and a communication relay corresponding to the terminals, the transmission rate of the communication network formed by the satellite and the satellite communication terminal is the fastest. Optionally, video data acquired by the camera is compressed by the flight control system and then transmitted to the remote command center, and the flight controller of the remote command center sends a next step of instruction by referring to the real-time state of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
The data transmission of the converged communication system is specifically as follows: the communication signal detection module detects a converged communication network where the unmanned aerial vehicle is located, selects a communication network meeting transmission requirements from other communication networks, and the synchronous transmission module transmits video data, sensor data and a total data log to the remote command center. Generally, the synchronous transmission module sends the data log to the remote command center through a communication network formed by a satellite and a satellite communication terminal, so that the remote command center can know the transmission condition of the converged communication system in real time. The transmission requirement considers the relationship between the rate and the cost, in general, a user wants to select a communication mode with the best transmission rate and lower transmission cost, and when actually selecting a communication network, the user needs to select which combination of communication modes to transmit according with the transmission requirement of the user with reference to the size of the data volume, and optionally, a selection algorithm of the transmission requirement is preset in the communication signal detection module.
Optionally, the process of data transmission in the converged communication system includes:
1) the data stream cache transmission system initiates a transmission request;
2) the converged communication system judges whether the signal intensity d of the current communication network c meets the transmission requirement;
3) if not, polling and switching the communication network until the communication condition is met to obtain a current available communication mode c';
4) when the transmission condition is satisfied, transmitting the current communication mode c' and a transmission data starting point s through a satellite channel;
5) carrying out data transmission through the currently selected communication mode c';
6) if the communication condition is not satisfied in the transmission process, updating the next data transmission starting point s as the current transmission breakpoint e, synchronizing the data transmission starting point s to a remote command center through a communication network formed by a satellite and a satellite terminal, and returning to the step 2.
The industrial communication method of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the embodiment adopts the converged communication system, wherein a plurality of communication networks form the converged communication network, and the unmanned aerial vehicle can select the plurality of communication networks to transmit data, so that the unmanned aerial vehicle can stably fly in the coverage area of the communication network, and meanwhile, the problem that the data of the flight control system of the unmanned aerial vehicle is delayed or the data of the unmanned aerial vehicle cannot be accurately and completely transmitted easily due to a single communication mode in the prior art is solved.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An industrial communication system of an unmanned aerial vehicle is characterized by comprising the unmanned aerial vehicle, a remote command center and communication relays, wherein the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a plurality of different communication devices, and each communication device and one corresponding communication relay form a communication network;
the unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a flight control system, a data stream caching transmission system, a fusion communication system and a data acquisition system;
the converged communication system comprises a converged communication network, a communication signal detection module and a synchronous transmission module, wherein the converged communication network is formed by a plurality of different communication networks, and the flight control system transmits the flight log of the unmanned aerial vehicle through one of the communication networks;
the data stream cache transmission system is used for storing total data in the data acquisition system and transmitting the total data to the synchronous transmission module;
the communication signal detection module is used for detecting the converged communication network where the unmanned aerial vehicle is located, selecting at least one communication network from the rest communication networks and feeding back the communication network to the synchronous transmission module, and the synchronous transmission module is used for transmitting the total data and the total data log to the remote command center.
2. The industrial communication system of unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 1, wherein the data stream cache transmission system comprises a data aggregation module and a memory, and the memory is used for storing the data aggregated by the data aggregation module.
3. The industrial communication system of unmanned aerial vehicles of claim 1, further comprising an edge computing center, the total data including video data and sensor data, the edge computing center including a sensor server for computing the sensor data and transmitting to the remote command center.
4. The industrial communication system of unmanned aerial vehicles of claim 1, wherein the communication relay includes a 4G communication base station, a 5G communication base station, a satellite, or the internet; the communication equipment is a 5G communication terminal, a 4G communication terminal or a satellite communication terminal.
5. The industrial communication system of unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 4, wherein the communication mode of the communication network formed by the 5G communication terminal and the 5G communication base station comprises: a cellular communication mode and a D2D communication mode which are mutually switchable.
6. The industrial communication system of unmanned aerial vehicles of claim 1, wherein the remote command center includes a display for displaying all data of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
7. The industrial communication system of unmanned aerial vehicles of claim 6, wherein the remote command center further comprises a flight controller, and the flight control system comprises an instruction receiving module for receiving control instructions of the flight controller.
8. An industrial communication method of a drone, characterized by being applied to the industrial communication system of a drone according to claim 1;
the communication method comprises the steps that the flight control system and the fusion communication system respectively transmit data;
the flight control system sends the flight log of the unmanned aerial vehicle to the remote command center through one of the communication networks;
the communication signal detection module detects the converged communication network where the unmanned aerial vehicle is located, selects a communication network meeting transmission requirements from the rest communication networks and feeds the communication network back to the synchronous transmission module, and the synchronous transmission module transmits the total data and the total data log to the remote command center.
9. The industrial communication method for unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 8, wherein the process of the converged communication system transmitting data comprises:
1) the data stream cache transmission system initiates a transmission request;
2) the converged communication system judges whether the signal intensity d of the current communication network c meets the transmission requirement;
3) if not, polling and switching the communication network until the communication condition is met to obtain a current available communication mode c';
4) when the transmission condition is satisfied, transmitting a current communication mode c' and a transmission data starting point s through a communication network formed by a satellite and a satellite communication terminal;
5) carrying out data transmission through the currently selected communication mode c';
6) if the communication condition is not satisfied in the transmission process, updating the next data transmission starting point s as the current transmission breakpoint e, synchronizing to the remote command center through the satellite channel, and returning to the step 2.
10. The industrial communication method for the unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 8, wherein the communication mode of the communication network formed by the 5G communication terminal and the communication base station comprises: the unmanned aerial vehicle is in a cellular communication mode and a D2D communication mode which can be switched with each other, the cellular communication mode is adopted when the unmanned aerial vehicle is in communication with the base station, and the D2D communication mode is adopted when the unmanned aerial vehicle is in communication with the edge computing center.
CN202011010355.0A 2020-09-23 2020-09-23 Industrial communication system and communication method of unmanned aerial vehicle Pending CN112134613A (en)

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Application publication date: 20201225