CN112130535A - Multi-host communication system and communication method with multi-layer expansion architecture - Google Patents
Multi-host communication system and communication method with multi-layer expansion architecture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本申请公开了具有多层扩展架构的多主机通信系统，包括多层通信层，每个通信层包括一个或多个通信总线，每个通信总线均包括至少一个节点功能模块，同一通信总线内至少一个节点功能模块与相邻通信层中其中一个通信总线的节点功能模块连接；同一通信总线内每个节点功能模块以自适应的方式轮动式地将数据发送至本通信总线和接收本通信总线上传输的数据，同一通信总线内每个与相邻通信层节点功能模块连接的节点功能模块发送到本通信总线的数据包括接收到的对应相邻通信层节点功能模块发来的数据，且发送至对应相邻通信层节点功能模块的数据包括接收到的本通信总线上传输的数据。该系统实现通信节点及站点的无限扩展，提高了线缆复用率。
The present application discloses a multi-host communication system with a multi-layer expansion architecture, including multi-layer communication layers, each communication layer includes one or more communication buses, each communication bus includes at least one node function module, and at least one communication bus A node function module is connected to the node function module of one of the communication buses in the adjacent communication layer; each node function module in the same communication bus sends data to and receives data to and from the communication bus in an adaptive manner. The data transmitted on the communication bus, the data sent to the communication bus by each node function module connected to the adjacent communication layer node function module in the same communication bus includes the received data sent by the corresponding adjacent communication layer node function module, and sent The data to the function module of the corresponding adjacent communication layer node includes the received data transmitted on the communication bus. The system realizes the unlimited expansion of communication nodes and sites, and improves the cable reuse rate.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of data communication technologies, and in particular, to a multi-host communication system and a communication method with a multi-layer extended architecture.
Background
At present, in the aspect of data acquisition and function execution of control equipment, the mode of PLC master and slave stations is generally adopted for realizing, the slave stations provide interfaces with field equipment and communication with a master station and are responsible for sending data acquired from the field equipment to the master station, the master station provides functions of operation processing, communication processing and the like and is responsible for processing the acquired data, the field condition is known according to a processing result, and the field equipment is controlled to perform corresponding actions according to the processing result, so that the purpose required to be achieved is realized.
When the number of the field devices is large, the number of the slave stations is increased, or a star topology structure is adopted, multi-level master and slave stations are set, and slave stations are arranged under the slave stations, so that the large-range coverage of the field devices is realized. Or a distributed control system is adopted, the slave station control equipment completes the control function of the slave station, and data required by centralized control is interacted with the host. However, in the two modes, the usage amount of cables increases greatly with the increase of field devices, because the cables are connected point-to-point for the master-slave station and the slave-slave station control devices of each level, and with the increase of the levels, the amount of cables in the same transmission direction is large, a large bundle of cables is bound from one slave station to the master station or from one slave station to the slave station control devices, and the I/O of the collected cables is thicker because other slave stations or devices are connected, so that a large number of communication cables are generated, which is not favorable for building a communication architecture, increases the cost, is difficult to cover devices with higher orders of magnitude, and is difficult to cope with scenes with larger device distribution range.
In addition, in the existing distributed control system, master-slave station type control system or other bus type systems, the station expansion capability of the system is limited by factors such as hardware load capability, communication rate and the like, so that the actual expansion capability is low, the equipment expansion capability is limited, and the existing system is difficult to be applied to scenes with high-order equipment and large-range equipment distribution.
Disclosure of Invention
Object of the application
Based on this, in order to realize the benefit that high system stability, high communication stability, module trouble do not influence the data transmission of other modules through many host computers, full host computer, still carry out the multidimension extension in order to enlarge communication depth and width to the communication framework simultaneously to improve the cable rate of utilization, practice thrift the cable use amount, in order to be applicable to the operating mode and the scene that a lot of module quantity, this application discloses following technical scheme.
(II) technical scheme
In one aspect, a multi-host communication system with a multi-layer extended architecture is provided, which includes at least two communication layers, each communication layer includes one or more communication buses, each communication bus includes at least one node function module, and at least one node function module in the same communication bus is connected with a node function module of one communication bus in an adjacent communication layer; wherein,
each node function module in the same communication bus sends data to the communication bus and receives data transmitted on the communication bus in a self-adaptive mode, wherein the data sent to the communication bus by each node function module connected with the adjacent communication layer node function module in the same communication bus comprises the received data sent by the corresponding adjacent communication layer node function module, and the data sent to the corresponding adjacent communication layer node function module comprises the received data transmitted on the communication bus.
In a possible implementation manner, in the at least two communication layers, the first communication layer includes a first communication bus, the nth communication layer includes one or more nth communication buses, where N ≧ 2, and each nth communication bus in the nth communication layer is connected to the communication bus of the previous communication layer through the node function module.
In a possible embodiment, at least part of the communication bus further includes one or more site function modules, and the site function modules are configured to collect data generated by the lower device and/or generate module control state data as pending data, and send the pending data to the communication bus in a rotating manner in an adaptive manner together with all node function modules and other site function modules in the communication bus.
In a possible implementation manner, the station functional module and the node functional module are further configured to receive and store data broadcast by all other node functional modules and station functional modules on the communication bus.
In a possible implementation manner, all modules including the node function module in the system store the received and captured data through a data mapping table, and the data sent to the communication bus or the adjacent communication layer node function module is the parsed valid data.
In a possible implementation manner, when all modules in the system send data to the communication bus for the first time after being powered on and accessed into the corresponding communication bus, the sent data is all valid data stored in the modules.
In a possible implementation mode, the data sent by all the modules in the system to the communication bus or the adjacent communication layer node function module is updated data in the data received in the module rotation period.
In a possible implementation mode, when the module in the system continuously sends out data without update to the local communication bus and the continuous time exceeds the set time threshold, all the data without update received in the continuous time is sent to the local communication bus.
In another aspect, a multi-host communication method for a multi-layer extended architecture is provided, which is applied to a communication system including at least two communication layers, each communication layer includes one or more communication buses, each communication bus includes at least one node function module, and at least one node function module in the same communication bus is connected with a node function module of one communication bus in an adjacent communication layer;
the method comprises the following steps:
each node functional module in the same communication bus sends data to the communication bus and receives data transmitted on the communication bus in a self-adaptive mode in a rotating mode;
and each node function module connected with the adjacent communication layer node function module in the same communication bus receives the data sent by the corresponding adjacent communication layer node function module and sends the received data transmitted on the communication bus to the corresponding adjacent communication layer node function module.
In a possible embodiment, at least part of the communication bus in the communication system further comprises one or more station function modules;
the method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring data generated by lower equipment and/or generating module control state data as data to be sent by the station function module; and,
the station functional module, all the node functional modules in the communication bus and other station functional modules transmit respective data to be transmitted to the communication bus in a self-adaptive mode in a rotating mode.
In one possible embodiment, the method further comprises:
and the site functional module and the node functional module receive and store data broadcast by all other node functional modules and site functional modules on the communication bus.
In one possible embodiment, the method further comprises:
all modules including the node functional module in the system store the received and packet capturing data in a data mapping table; and,
the data sent by all modules including the node functional module to the communication bus or the adjacent communication layer node functional module in the system is analyzed effective data.
In one possible embodiment, the method further comprises:
when all modules in the system send data to the communication bus for the first time after being powered on and accessed into the corresponding communication bus, all valid data stored in the modules are sent.
In a possible implementation mode, the data sent by all the modules in the system to the communication bus or the adjacent communication layer node function module is updated data in the data received in the module rotation period.
In one possible embodiment, the method further comprises:
when the data which are not updated continuously are sent to the communication bus and the continuous times exceed the set times threshold value, all the data which are not updated and received in the continuous time are sent to the communication bus.
(III) advantageous effects
The multi-host communication system and the communication method with the multilayer expansion architecture have the advantages that data are sent in a rotation mode to serve as a basic communication mechanism of a communication bus, interconnection among the multilayer buses is arranged, theoretically infinite expansion of communication nodes and sites (node function modules and site function modules) is achieved, more devices and a larger range are covered, and the multi-host communication system and the communication method are applicable to working conditions and scenes with a large number of modules; the communication structure of the multi-host full host ensures that no matter how many modules are in the system, the data acquisition of other normal hosts cannot be influenced because a certain host breaks down; compared with a communication framework comprising master-slave control, the cable reuse rate can be improved, the cable arrangement length is saved, the length is saved and is increased along with the increase of the number of modules, and the system construction cost is reduced.
Drawings
The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining and illustrating the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of a multi-host communication system with a multi-tier extension architecture, without a site function module, as disclosed herein.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of a multi-host communication system with a multi-tier extension architecture, with a site function module, as disclosed herein.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of a multi-host communication system with a multi-tier extension architecture, with a site function module, as disclosed herein.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a first embodiment of a multi-host communication method for a multi-tier extension architecture.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
A first embodiment of the multi-host communication system with a multi-layer extended architecture disclosed in the present application is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 and 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the communication system disclosed in this embodiment mainly includes: and the two communication layers are respectively a first communication layer and a second communication layer. Each communication layer is connected with adjacent communication layers, namely a first communication layer and a second communication layer. Each communication layer comprises one or more communication buses, each communication bus comprises at least one node function module, and at least one node function module in the same communication bus is connected with the node function module of one communication bus in the adjacent communication layer.
Specifically, in the two communication layers, the first communication layer includes a first communication bus, the second communication layer includes a plurality of second communication buses, and each of the second communication buses in the second communication layer is connected to the communication bus of the first communication layer through a node function module.
In this embodiment, the first communication layer includes one first communication bus B0, the second communication layer includes 3 second communication buses B1 to B3, and each of the second communication buses B1 to B3 is connected to the first communication bus B0. The first communication bus B0 includes 4 node function modules 10-40. The second communication bus B1 includes 3 node function modules 11-13, the second communication bus B2 includes 4 node function modules 21-24, and the second communication bus B3 includes 3 node function modules. The second communication bus B1 is connected to the node function module 10 of the second communication bus B0 through the node function module 11, the second communication bus B2 is connected to the node function module 11 of the second communication bus B0 through the node function module 21, and the second communication bus B3 is connected to the node function module 31 of the second communication bus B0 through the node function module 31, so that data communication between the second communication bus B0 and the second communication buses B1, B2, and B3 is realized.
It should be noted that the number of the second communication buses may be any number of 1 or more than 1, the number of the node function modules included in the first communication bus may be any number of 2 or more than 2, the number of the node function modules included in each of the second communication buses may be any number of 1 or more than 1, and the number of the node function modules included in each of the second communication buses may be the same or different. The node function modules of the first communication bus B0 may not be connected to any second communication bus, and in this embodiment, the node function modules 40 of the first communication bus B0 are not connected to any communication bus of the second communication layer, and indeed, as long as the first communication bus is connected to one second communication bus through one of the node function modules, multi-layered extended functions can be realized. In addition, any node function module in each second communication bus, which has a connection relationship with the first communication bus, may be provided, and the difference in reference numerals of the node function modules does not represent any difference in order or status between the node function modules.
In the implementation of a multi-host rotation mechanism of a communication bus, each node function module has a unique identification code and is synchronously and repeatedly timed in the same communication bus, whether the unique identification code of each node function module is matched with the current identification code of the communication bus is judged when the timing duration reaches a rotation trigger period, the broadcasting right (data sending right) is obtained when the identification codes are judged to be matched, data is broadcasted to the communication bus and is captured and stored by other node function modules in the bus, and the data broadcasted by the node function modules with the broadcasting right on the communication bus is captured when the identification codes are judged to be unmatched. Because of the uniqueness of the node function module identification code, only one node function module broadcasts data at the same time on the same communication bus. And after judging whether the identification codes are matched, each node functional module obtains a new identification code according to a preset identification code rotation rule and takes the new identification code as the current identification code of the communication bus. The identification code rotation rule can be that 1 is added to the identification code of the module once per rotation, and the minimum identification code is used as a new identification code after the upper limit of the identification code is reached, so that the cyclic rotation of the identification code is realized. All modules in the communication bus act uniformly, timing is started synchronously, the self identification code is judged after the set time is reached, data broadcasting is carried out after the identification codes are found to be matched, then the identification code is added with 1, timing is started again, and the rotation is realized in a circulating manner.
The data source of the node function module may be data transmitted by a sensor, a device terminal, and the like connected to the lower level of the node function module, or data acquired by other methods and required to be transmitted and shared.
The communication mechanism realizes that a plurality of hosts control communication together, only one host broadcasts data on the bus at the same time, the requirement on data throughput capacity is reduced, meanwhile, the situation that data of the host and data sent by other modules are stored in all functional modules when data conflict occurs on the bus is avoided, the data stored by the module can be directly called when the data of other modules are required to be acquired, the communication time and the data transmission time with other modules are saved, the time sequence of the communication bus is not required to be uniformly managed and controlled through a host at a certain upper position, the situation that the communication bus is paralyzed due to the fault of a single host is avoided, and the modularization of a communication program is realized.
The communication system provided by this embodiment is a multi-host communication system, and is different from a system that only includes a single host or a small number of hosts, in this embodiment, a full-host communication mode is adopted, and each node function module can receive and store all data communicated in the system, that is, each node function module is a host; in addition, the present embodiment has a multi-layer extended function, and any node function module on any communication bus can communicate with any node function module of any other communication bus, so as to implement a framework of a full host.
Each node functional module in the same communication bus sends data to the communication bus and receives data transmitted on the communication bus in a rotating mode in a self-adaptive mode.
For a communication bus, whether the first communication bus or the second communication bus, the data transmission among a plurality of node function modules contained in the communication bus is in a rotating type, taking the second communication bus B1 as an example, the node function module 11 broadcasts its pending data onto B1 and is received by the node function modules 12 and 13, after a polling interval (e.g., 20ms), the node function module 12 broadcasts its data to be transmitted to B1 and the data is received and stored by the node function modules 11 and 13, each node function module sequentially transmits its data to be transmitted according to a set sequence, and received and stored by other node function modules, each time data is broadcast, one and only one node function module broadcasts the pending data to B1, and when two adjacent node function modules in the sending sequence broadcast data, the rotation interval time is taken as a period. The second communication bus B1 has three node function modules, and when the three node function modules all complete the action of broadcasting data on the second communication bus B1 once, the three node function modules all store the data sent by the other two modules through the B1 in the module polling period (e.g., 3 × 20ms — 60ms), and add the data broadcasted to the B1 by themselves, so that the data stored in the three node function modules are completely the same, and although the storage sequence is different, the whole data content is completely the same, thereby implementing a multi-host communication mechanism for a single communication bus.
The data sent to the communication bus by each node function module connected with the adjacent communication layer node function module in the same communication bus comprises the received data sent by the corresponding adjacent communication layer node function module, and the data sent to the corresponding adjacent communication layer node function module comprises the received data transmitted on the communication bus.
For a plurality of communication buses with different communication layers, each communication bus is connected with the communication bus of the adjacent communication layer to form a multi-layer extension architecture. Under the multilayer extended architecture, data communication can be carried out among all communication buses, the fact that any node function module in the system can be communicated with any other node function module is achieved, and the all-host architecture is achieved, wherein all data are stored in all the node function modules in different storage sequences.
The node function module stores the data after receiving the data sent by the adjacent communication layer node function module, and then broadcasts the stored data when needing to be sent to the communication bus, and the node function module also stores the data after receiving the data sent by other node function modules on the communication bus, and sends the data to the corresponding adjacent communication layer node function module after or while storing.
In addition, if a communication bus only includes a node function module, it is equivalent to that the node function module itself forms a bus alone, and the node function module is connected with the node function module of the adjacent layer communication bus without fail, and periodically performs data transceiving interaction with the node function module of the adjacent layer communication bus.
The following describes a communication process and a data synchronization process between any two node function modules requiring cross-layer communication, by taking the node function module 13 in fig. 1 and the node function module 33 as an example. It has been described above that each node function module in one communication bus stores all data broadcast to B1 in one module rotation cycle after the second communication bus B1 passes through the cycle, so that the node function module 13 is packet-grabbed by the node function module 11 after sending the data D0 to the second communication bus B1, the node function module 11 stores and immediately sends the data D0 to the node function module 10, which is an adjacent communication layer node function module connected to itself, after packet-grabbing to D0, and in the first communication bus B0, each node function module also sends data in rotation according to the module rotation cycle of the first communication bus B0, so that when the node function module 10 sends data in rotation, the node function module 10 broadcasts the data containing D0 to the first communication bus B0, at which time the node function module 20, B0 sends data, 30. 40, the node function module 30, after obtaining the data containing D0, stores and immediately sends the data to the node function module 31, which is an adjacent communication layer node function module connected to itself, and the second communication bus B3 where the node function module 31 is located also has its own module rotation period, and when it is the rotation of the node function module 31 to broadcast the data, D0 is broadcasted to B3 and the node function module 33 captures the packet, thereby completing the transmission process of the data D0 from the node function module 13 to the node function module 33.
It should be noted that, because module rotation cycles of the communication buses are different, it may happen that the data backlog is broadcast on the communication buses of adjacent layers for the node function module. Specifically, taking the example that the node function module 13 continues to transmit data to the node function module 33, assuming that the module rotation period of the second communication bus B1 is 100ms, and the first communication bus B0 and the second communication bus B3 are 1s and 500ms, respectively, when the second communication bus B1 completes one module rotation period, which is at the time T1, the node function module 11 also continuously transmits the data D4 broadcast by the node function modules 12 and 13 to the node function module 10 in the period, but since the module rotation period of the first communication bus B0 is longer, it is not yet rotated that the node function module 10 broadcasts the data D4 to the first communication bus B0. When the node function module 10 takes the right to broadcast, 430ms has elapsed since the time T1, that is, 4 module rotation cycles of the second communication bus B1 have elapsed, so that the data broadcast by the node function module 10 to the first communication bus B0 actually includes the data D5 broadcast by the second communication bus B1 in its own 5 module rotation cycles, that is, the backlog data is sent out all at once. At this time, the node function module 30 captures the packet D5 and sends it to the node function module 31, and at this time, the node function module 31 needs to wait 250ms to obtain the broadcast right, and after obtaining the broadcast right, the node function module can broadcast the data including D5 onto the second communication bus B3 and capture the packet by the node function module 33.
In addition, when the data backlog occurs and can be broadcasted on the communication bus of the adjacent layer for a long time, the latest updated data can be sent instead of sending the data obtained in each period during the data backlog, so that the transmitted data can be ensured to contain the latest updated data, and the data transmission quantity can be reduced.
It should be further noted that all data in the system are transmitted across the bus through the above process, the transmission is omnidirectional, and each node function module in the path stores the data when receiving the data, so that any data can be transmitted to any node function module after a certain time, and any node function module can store all previous data after a certain time. The duration of the "certain time" here depends on the duration of the round-robin cycle of each communication bus, and the "all previous data" refers to all data before a certain time, because when one data is transmitted from one node function module to another node function module, the other node function modules are updating and transmitting new data, so assuming that all the node function modules share and store data Da at a certain time, since each node function module is updating and propagating data continuously, the latest data in Da is not sent to the bus for the first time at the current time, but is sent to the bus for the first time at a certain time before and reaches all the node function modules through multiple forwarding.
The more communication layers and the more modules, the longer the longest data link in the system, and the longer the period for completing one data synchronization of the whole system. In the data synchronization process of the system, each communication bus also continuously transmits new data, so that different communication buses may not be completely synchronized when the next synchronization cycle duration is not reached (depending on the communication layer where the communication bus is located), but once the synchronization cycle is reached, any module of any communication bus necessarily stores a whole block of complete and same data, that is, all broadcast data in one synchronization cycle. With the progress of the synchronization cycle, the whole block of complete and identical data is actually constructed between different modules, but the construction starting point of each communication bus and each module is different, the data storage sequence is different, and the whole block of complete and identical data is finally obtained.
In the setting of module quantity, because communication layer quantity can have more layers, can infinitely expand in theory, and the module on the same communication bus also can infinitely expand to this has improved the module quantity upper limit of system, has greatly promoted the communication coverage.
In the aspect of cable arrangement, communication cables are mainly arranged between adjacent node function modules, and compared with other architectures, particularly master-slave communication architectures, the multiplexing rate of the cables is high, no cable waste exists, and the cable distance is shortened. For example, under a master-slave communication architecture, 5 modules sequentially spaced 20 meters are arranged below, the farthest module is 100 meters away from the workstation, and the total length of the cable required at this time is at least 20+40+60+80+ 100-300 meters, whereas the communication system of this embodiment only needs at least 5 × 20-100 meters when a single-layer communication bus is adopted, and cables of about 200 meters are saved. If the number of modules is 50, more cables can be saved, and if a multi-layer expansion interconnection communication bus structure is adopted, more cables can be further saved.
In the embodiment, the data sent in a wheel-moving manner is used as a basic communication mechanism of the communication bus, and the interconnection among the multi-layer buses is arranged, so that the infinite expansion of the module theory is realized, more devices and a larger range are covered, and the method can be suitable for working conditions and scenes with a large number of modules; the communication structure of the multi-host full host ensures that no matter how many modules are in the system, the data acquisition of other normal hosts cannot be influenced because a certain host breaks down; compared with a communication framework comprising master-slave control, the cable reuse rate can be improved, the cable arrangement length is saved, the length is saved and is increased along with the increase of the number of modules, and the system construction cost is reduced.
In one embodiment, at least part of the communication bus further includes one or more site function modules, and the site function modules are configured to collect data generated by the lower device and/or generate module control status data, use the data as pending data, and send the pending data to the communication bus in a self-adaptive manner in turn together with all node function modules and other site function modules in the communication bus.
As shown in fig. 2, the first communication bus B0 includes site function modules 50 and 60, the second communication bus B1 includes site function module 14, and the second communication bus B3 includes site function module 34. The station functional module and the node functional module are the same and are all modules in the bus, and in the same communication bus, the station functional module and the node functional module rotate together. Specifically, the site functional module also has a unique identification code, and synchronously performs repeated timing, identification code matching judgment, acquisition of broadcasting right, broadcasting data, and packet capturing of data broadcasted by other modules (the site functional module and the node functional module) to the communication bus and storage together with the node functional module.
The station functional module is different from the node functional module in that the station functional module is connected to a lower sensor or device terminal, for example, in a factory scenario, the station functional module may be connected to sensors or devices such as a motor, a displacement sensor, a travel switch, and a hydraulic pump, and then receive voltage signals, displacement signals, travel signals, pressure signals, and the like generated and uploaded by the sensors or devices as data to be transmitted. The data to be transmitted may be data generated by the sensor or the device itself, or may be module control status data of the station function module itself, for example, if a lower device connected to a certain station function module is a weighing device, the data to be transmitted of the module may be acquired real-time weight, or may be status data obtained by performing data analysis on the real-time weight data by the module, for example, status data on whether the weight has abnormal jump, whether the weight is stable within a set range, whether the weight is in a return-to-zero state, whether the weight reaches a minimum weight value, whether the weight exceeds a maximum weight value, or the like. It is to be understood that the data to be transmitted may include both the data generated by the lower device and the module control state data.
The data to be transmitted of the node function module may not be limited to the data generated by the lower device and the module control state data connected to the node function module, because the station functional module and the node functional module have a significant difference, namely the node functional module can be responsible for communication interaction with other communication buses when being connected with the adjacent communication layer node functional module, the data to be transmitted of the node function module may include data collected by the bus station function module transmitted by other bus node function modules, and when the node function module is not connected with any adjacent communication layer node function module, which may be considered a site function, such as node function 12, 13, 22, 23, 24, 32, 33 in figure 2, and the node function modules can perform connection expansion of the next communication layer, and can perform unique inter-bus interaction function at the moment.
It should be noted that, a communication bus at the lowest layer in a communication system usually only includes one node function module for interacting with an upper layer communication bus, and other modules in the bus may all adopt a station function module.
In one embodiment, the station functional module and the node functional module are further configured to receive and store data broadcast by all other node functional modules and the station functional module on the communication bus. That is to say, the site function module will store after receiving the data uploaded by the lower sensor or the device terminal, and will also store after receiving the data broadcasted on the communication bus, so the site function module and the node function module are both a "host", and therefore the communication system having the site function module is also a full host control system.
In one embodiment, all modules including the node function module in the communication system store the received and captured data through a data mapping table, and the data sent to the communication bus or the adjacent communication layer node function module is the analyzed valid data.
For the node function module, all the data received by the node function module from the data captured by the communication bus, the data sent by the adjacent communication layer node function module and the like can be stored and mapped into the data mapping table of the node function module; for the station functional module, the data captured from the communication bus where the station functional module is located and the data sent from the lower device connected to the station functional module are both stored in the data mapping table mapped to the station functional module.
The data broadcast by the node function module to the communication bus and the data sent to the adjacent communication layer node function module are analyzed and screened in advance, only the effective data to be sent in the data segment is reserved, but not the whole content of the data segment, and the simplification of the communication data volume is realized; the data broadcast by the site functional module to the communication bus is the same. The effective data can be the data updated last time, so that the transmitted data can be ensured to contain the latest updated data, and the data transmission quantity can be reduced; or data with changed content compared with the data sent last time, the incremental updating of the transmission data is realized.
Table 1 is a data mapping table of a site function module or a node function module, data formats of data of the modules are the same, and definitions of the data are determined according to functions of the modules. The module address column is all modules in the communication system, and the data column is data content which is 'shared' to the system by the corresponding modules through the communication bus and the node function module. The 02-number address module only has X0-X2 as valid data, so that the module only maps the data of X0-X2 outwards when sending and broadcasting data outwards, and other data are not mapped outwards.
Table 1 data mapping table of a site function module or a node function module
In one embodiment, when all modules (node functional module and station functional module) send data to the local communication bus for the first time after being powered on and accessing the corresponding communication bus, the sent data is all valid data stored in the modules.
Because all modules in the communication system can be powered on and off at any time, after one module (whether a node function module or a site function module) is connected to a communication bus where the module is located in an online mode, when broadcasting data to the bus where the module is located is started for the first time, all effective data in a data mapping table can be sent to the bus, the integrity of data sharing and the synchronism of data stored in each module are guaranteed, and the problem that after the module is powered on again and is connected to the bus again and power is lost due to the fact that the unsent data are not broadcasted any more when the module stores data to be sent but is not broadcasted to the bus is avoided.
In one embodiment, the data sent by all modules (node function module and site function module) to the local communication bus or the adjacent communication layer node function module is updated data in the data received in the module rotation period.
Specifically, assuming that the station function module 50 receives the broadcast right at time T1 and broadcasts the effective temperature data a0 to a7 at 8 different detection points onto the first communication bus B0, and then a module polling cycle is passed until time T2 is reached, in the module polling cycle, the temperature sensor connected to the station function module 50 transmits the latest temperature data at the 8 detection points to the temperature sensor, wherein only the temperature data at the 3 rd detection point is changed, that is, only the A3 data is changed from the previous data, and at time T2, the station function module 50 broadcasts only the effective temperature data A3 to the first communication bus B0. After the node functional modules 10, 20, 30, and 40 and the station functional module 60 capture the a3 data, their respective data mapping tables are updated.
In one embodiment, when data which is not updated continuously is sent to the communication bus of a certain module and the continuous times exceed the set times threshold, all the data which are not updated and received in the continuous time are sent to the communication bus.
For example, the station function module 14 does not have any change in the temperature data uploaded by the lower device received during 10 consecutive module rotation periods, and therefore no data is broadcast on the first communication bus B1 at this time of the 10-time broadcast right, which exceeds the set number threshold of 9 times (which can be set and changed according to the conditions and scenes), so that the right to broadcast is taken at the 10 th time but it is found that no update data is broadcast by itself, and it is determined that the set time threshold is exceeded at the current time, at this time, the station function module 14 broadcasts the non-updated temperature data to the bus by using the current broadcast right, so that the module newly connected to the bus can obtain the data in time, meanwhile, the action of broadcasting the data which is not updated can be selectively regarded as the function of the heartbeat packet, so that the online condition of the functional program detection module can be conveniently detected.
A second embodiment of the multi-host communication system with a multi-tier extension architecture disclosed herein is described in detail below with reference to fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 3, the communication system disclosed in this embodiment mainly includes: the three communication layers are respectively a first communication layer, a second communication layer and a third communication layer, the first communication layer is connected with the second communication layer, and the second communication layer is connected with the third communication layer. In this embodiment, the first layer communication layer includes a first communication bus B0 ', the second layer communication layer includes a plurality of second communication buses (only one of the second communication buses B1 ' is shown in the figure), and the third layer communication layer includes three third communication buses B2 ', B3 ', and B4 '. B0 'is connected to B1' via node function module 100, and B1 'is connected to node function module 100 via node function module 110, thereby implementing connection to B0'. B1 ' is connected to node functional modules 121, 131, 141 of B2 ', B3 ', B4 ' via node functional modules 120, 130, 140, respectively, and further connected to B2 ', B3 ', B4 '. Meanwhile, each of the three third communication buses includes a node function module and three site function modules, i.e., the site function modules 122 and 124, 132 and 134, and 142 and 144.
It should be noted that the second communication bus may be set to a larger number, and the number of layers of the communication layer may also be set to a larger number.
The present embodiment differs from the first embodiment of the communication system described above in the number of communication layers, which is the same in the implementation of the multi-master rotation mechanism of the communication bus. Each node functional module in the same communication bus sends data to the communication bus and receives data transmitted on the communication bus in a rotating mode in a self-adaptive mode. The data sent to the communication bus by each node function module connected with the adjacent communication layer node function module in the same communication bus comprises the received data sent by the corresponding adjacent communication layer node function module, and the data sent to the corresponding adjacent communication layer node function module comprises the received data transmitted on the communication bus.
The functional functions of the node functional module and the site functional module are also the same as those of the node functional module and the site functional module in the first embodiment of the communication system. In this embodiment, the node function module is mainly responsible for acquiring data of the lower device and/or generating module control state data, and the node function module is mainly responsible for cross-layer communication of the data.
The following describes a communication process and a data synchronization process between any two node function modules that require cross-layer communication, taking the data transmission from the station function module 122 to the station function module k in fig. 3 as an example. After the station functional module 122 acquires the data D uploaded by the lower device, the broadcast right of the communication bus (B2 ') is taken, the data D is broadcast to B2' and is stored in a packet by each module including the node functional module 121, and then the node functional module 121 immediately sends the data D to the node functional module 120 (the data of the station functional modules 122 and 123 are the same). The node function module 120 broadcasts the data D to the node B1 'after taking the broadcast right of the communication bus (B1'), and is packet-captured and stored by each node function module including the node function module 110, and then the node function module 110 immediately transmits the data D to the node function module 100 (the same applies to the data of the node function modules 130 and 140). After the node function module 100 receives the broadcast right of the communication bus (B0 '), it broadcasts the data D to B0', and is packet-captured and stored by each module including the node function module n, then the node function module n immediately sends the data D to the node function module m, and then sends the data D to the communication bus where the node function module j is located through the communication bus where the node function module m is located, and then when the node function module j obtains the broadcast right of the communication bus, the data D is broadcast and packet-captured and stored by the site function module k, and finally the transmission of the data D is realized.
Actually, when each node function module sends out data, the data volume sent out by each node function module is not only data D, but also data collected in the lower communication layer and data collected in the local communication layer.
In the embodiment, the data sent in a wheel-moving manner is used as a basic communication mechanism of the communication bus, and the interconnection among the multi-layer buses is arranged, so that the infinite expansion of the module theory is realized, more devices and a larger range are covered, and the method can be suitable for working conditions and scenes with a large number of modules; the communication architecture of the multi-host full host ensures that no matter how many modules are in the system, the data acquisition of other normal hosts cannot be influenced because any one or more hosts are in failure; compared with a communication framework comprising master-slave control, the cable reuse rate can be improved, the cable arrangement length is saved, the length is saved and is increased along with the increase of the number of modules, and the system construction cost is reduced.
A first embodiment of the multi-host communication method for a multi-tier extension architecture disclosed in the present application is described in detail below with reference to fig. 4. The present embodiment is used to implement the aforementioned first embodiment and second embodiment of the multi-host communication system with a multi-layer extension architecture.
The method is applied to a communication system comprising at least two communication layers, such as the two-layer communication layer of the first embodiment of the aforementioned communication system, the three-layer communication layer of the second embodiment of the aforementioned communication system, or more.
Each communication layer comprises one or more communication buses, each communication bus comprises at least one node function module, and at least one node function module in the same communication bus is connected with the node function module of one communication bus in the adjacent communication layer.
As shown in fig. 4, the method disclosed in this embodiment includes the following steps:
step A, each node function module in the same communication bus sends data to the communication bus and receives data transmitted on the communication bus in a self-adaptive mode in a rotating mode;
and step B, each node function module connected with the adjacent communication layer node function module in the same communication bus receives the data sent by the corresponding adjacent communication layer node function module and sends the received data transmitted on the communication bus to the corresponding adjacent communication layer node function module.
In one embodiment, at least a portion of a communication bus in a communication system further includes one or more site function modules;
the method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring data generated by lower equipment and/or generating module control state data as data to be sent through a site function module; and,
the site functional module and all the node functional modules and other site functional modules in the communication bus send respective data to be sent to the communication bus in a self-adaptive mode in a rotating mode.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
and the site functional module and the node functional module receive and store data broadcast by all other node functional modules and site functional modules on the communication bus.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
all modules including the node functional module in the system store the received and packet capturing data in a data mapping table; and,
the data sent by all modules including the node function module to the communication bus or the adjacent communication layer node function module in the system is analyzed effective data.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
when all modules in the system send data to the communication bus for the first time after being powered on and accessed into the corresponding communication bus, all valid data stored in the modules are sent.
In one embodiment, the data sent by all modules in the system to the communication bus or the adjacent communication layer node function module is updated data in the data received in the module rotation period.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises:
when the data which are not updated continuously are sent to the communication bus and the continuous times exceed the set times threshold value, all the data which are not updated and received in the continuous time are sent to the communication bus.
In this document, "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing one from another, and do not indicate their degree of importance, order, and the like.
The division of modules, units or components herein is merely a logical division, and other divisions may be possible in an actual implementation, for example, a plurality of modules and/or units may be combined or integrated in another system. Modules, units, or components described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate. The components displayed as cells may or may not be physical cells, and may be located in a specific place or distributed in grid cells. Therefore, some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to implement the scheme of the embodiment.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
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