CN112126882B - Blade tip superhard cutting coating with coating wrapped inside and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Blade tip superhard cutting coating with coating wrapped inside and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112126882B
CN112126882B CN202010845093.3A CN202010845093A CN112126882B CN 112126882 B CN112126882 B CN 112126882B CN 202010845093 A CN202010845093 A CN 202010845093A CN 112126882 B CN112126882 B CN 112126882B
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coating
superhard
ceramic particles
alloy layer
blade tip
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CN112126882A (en
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杨冠军
石秋生
刘梅军
陈林
李长久
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/0641—Nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
    • C23C14/18—Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates
    • C23C14/185—Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates by cathodic sputtering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/223—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating specially adapted for coating particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/34—Sputtering
    • C23C14/35—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C23C4/08—Metallic material containing only metal elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/137—Spraying in vacuum or in an inert atmosphere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18—After-treatment

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Abstract

The invention discloses a superhard blade tip cutting coating with a coating wrapped inside and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of material surface modification and coating; one side of the superhard ceramic particles is coated with the coating, the other side of the superhard ceramic particles is exposed, one side of the superhard ceramic particles coated with the coating is embedded into the bonding alloy layer, and the bonding alloy layer is firmly combined on the end face of the blade tip substrate to form the blade tip superhard cutting coating with a sharp external edge angle and an internal coated coating. The outer edge angle of the coating is sharp, so that the coating can be used for quickly cutting an abradable seal coating and preventing the blade tip from being heated violently. The coating is prepared on the surface of the superhard ceramic particles, so that the property difference between the superhard ceramic particles and a binding phase material is made up, and the bonding strength of the coating can be effectively improved under the condition of not changing the good cutting action of the superhard ceramic particles.

Description

Blade tip superhard cutting coating with coating wrapped inside and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material surface modification and coating, and particularly relates to a superhard tip cutting coating with a coating wrapped inside and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The aircraft engine is used as an aircraft power device and has a decisive influence on the performance of the aircraft. The blade is used as a core part in the structure of the aero-engine, so that important performances of the engine such as working efficiency, stability, reliability and durability are determined, and the important significance is achieved in guaranteeing the working efficiency and safe rotation of the engine.
The blade tip clearance has a significant impact on compressor and turbine efficiency, engine power and fuel consumption. The engine can improve the running efficiency of the engine, reduce the oil consumption and ensure the reliability and stability of the engine at the same time through the clearance control. Too large a gap can lead to a large amount of gas leakage and reduce the efficiency of the engine; and too small a radial clearance can cause the blade and the casing to rub against each other, thus reducing the service life of the blade and the casing and causing engine failure in severe cases. Therefore, the gas path sealing technology for reducing the gap between the casing and the blade tip is one of the key technologies for improving the efficiency of the engine and reducing the energy consumption. The technology needs to prepare an abradable seal coating on the inner wall of the casing, and simultaneously prepare a superhard abrasion-resistant coating on the blade tip to protect the blade tip. After decades of development, a complete abradable seal coating material system is formed at home and abroad.
The wear-resistant coating of the blade tip is usually made of metal-based ceramic composite materials, and ceramic particles are fixed on the surface of the blade tip through bonding alloy, so that the hardness and the wear resistance of the blade tip are improved. At present, the common preparation methods of the blade tip wear-resistant coating are a laser cladding technology and an electroplating method, and the blade tip coating prepared by the two methods has good wear resistance. However, due to the difference in the properties of the superhard particles and the bonding alloy materials, the prepared superhard coating has low bonding strength and short service life and is difficult to meet the use requirements of an aeroengine. And the factors such as centrifugation, surging and the like exist in the operation process of the aircraft engine, and the factors can cause that a larger force is generated in the process of rubbing the blade tip coating and the sealing coating of the engine. When the bonding strength between the superhard particles and the bonding alloy in the blade tip coating is too low, the superhard particles fall off under the harsh rubbing condition, so that the coating fails.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem of low bonding strength of the superhard particles and bonding in the blade tip wear-resistant coating in the prior art, the invention provides a blade tip superhard cutting coating internally coated with a coating and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a superhard blade tip cutting coating internally coated with a coating is characterized by consisting of superhard ceramic particles and a bonding alloy layer; one side of the superhard ceramic particles is coated with the coating, the other side of the superhard ceramic particles is exposed, one side of the superhard ceramic particles coated with the coating is embedded into the bonding alloy layer, and the superhard ceramic particles are firmly combined on the end surface of the blade tip substrate through the bonding alloy layer to form a blade tip superhard cutting coating with a sharp external edge angle and an internal coated coating;
wherein, the height of the side of the coating coated by the superhard ceramic particles is greater than the depth of the superhard ceramic particles embedded into the bonding alloy layer.
Preferably, the height of the coating coated side of the superhard ceramic particles is 0.55-0.95 times of the height of the superhard ceramic particles, so that the particles are firmly coated and fixed by half and the tip coverage of excessive coating is avoided; the depth of the super-hard ceramic particles embedded into the bonding alloy layer is 0.5-0.9 time of the height of the super-hard ceramic particles.
Preferably, the superhard ceramic particles are cubic boron nitride particles or diamond particles; when the average grain diameter of the hard ceramic particles is 50-120 mu m, the requirement on cutting performance is met; when the average grain diameter of the hard ceramic grains is 121-350 mu m, the heat dissipation performance requirement is met.
Preferably, the coating on the surface of the superhard ceramic particles is a metallic nickel, metallic titanium or tungsten nitride film.
Preferably, the thickness of the coating on the surface of the superhard ceramic particles is 0.1-1 mu m, so that the scraping effect is met.
Preferably, the thickness of the coating on the surface of the superhard ceramic particles is 2-5 microns, and the requirement on the bonding performance is met.
Preferably, the bonding alloy layer is a nickel-based alloy with the nickel content of more than 53.0 percent and the chromium content of 6 to 28 percent; or selecting titanium-based alloy with titanium content of more than 37.5 percent, zirconium content of 18 to 30 percent, copper content of 10 to 20 percent and nickel content of 5 to 10 percent.
Preferably, the melting point of the bonding alloy is less than 0.9 times the melting point of the tip matrix, calculated as Kelvin temperature.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the blade tip superhard cutting coating internally coated with the coating, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) preparing a bonding alloy layer: preparing a bonding alloy layer on the surface of the blade tip substrate, wherein the thickness of the bonding alloy layer is 0.4-0.8 times of the average grain diameter of the superhard ceramic particles, so that the firm combination between the particles and the blade tip end surface can be realized, and the excessive weight increase caused by excessive bonding alloy layer can be avoided; then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out by deionized water and drying is carried out for standby;
2) preparing a plating layer: the superhard ceramic particles are uniformly distributed on the base plate coated with the binder on the surface, and the difference of the top heights of the superhard ceramic particles after being immersed in the base plate is 0.05-0.5 time lower than the average grain size of the superhard ceramic particles; then plating metal or compound on the exposed surface of the superhard ceramic particles above the bottom plate to ensure that the plating rate of the exposed surface of the ceramic particles reaches more than 95 percent; wherein, the top height difference refers to the difference of the particles from the farthest point of the surface of the base body of the blade tip;
3) heating and remelting: butt-jointing the blade tip substrate coated with the bonding alloy layer and the base plate bonded with the superhard ceramic particles with the single-side plating layer; and then heating to ensure that the bonding alloy layer is re-melted and forms metallurgical bonding with the superhard ceramic particles wrapped with the coating, and removing the base plate to form the superhard blade tip cutting coating wrapped with the coating inside.
Preferably, in the step 1), the bonding alloy layer is prepared on the surface of the blade tip base body by adopting a vacuum plasma spraying method, the spraying power is 25-55 kW, and the spraying distance is 100-400 mm.
Preferably, in the step 2), the base plate is a water-soluble base plate which is high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant; the binder is an inorganic salt solution with the melting point 1.2-2 times higher than that of the binder alloy; and the adhesive is deposited on the bottom plate in a suspension manner; wherein, the bonding strength of the binder and the superhard ceramic particles is 0.1 to 10 percent of that of the superhard ceramic particles and the binder alloy;
preferably, the method for plating the metal or the compound on the exposed surface of the superhard ceramic particles above the bottom plate is a magnetron sputtering plating method, and the vacuum degree is 1.5 multiplied by 10-4～5×10-4Pa, sputtering power of 50-100W, sputtering time of 0.5-1 min, plating solution pH of 3-5, temperature of 40-65 ℃, and cathode current density of 1.0-2.5A/dm2。
Preferably, in step 3), the surface of the superhard ceramic particles plated with the metal or the compound on the bottom plate faces upwards and is fixed, and the blade tip substrate coated with the bonding alloy layer faces downwards;
preferably, the heating temperature is 1.05-1.3 times of the melting point of the bonding alloy and is lower than the melting point of the blade tip base body; the heating mode adopts induction heating, the induction current is 20-65A, the heating time is 2-15 s, and the heating distance is 2.5-8 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the blade tip superhard cutting coating internally coated with the coating disclosed by the invention is characterized in that a coating is prepared on the surface of superhard ceramic particles, so that the property difference between the superhard ceramic particles and a bonding phase material is made up, and the bonding strength of the coating can be effectively improved under the condition of not changing the good cutting action of the superhard ceramic particles. Then the superhard ceramic particles are distributed discretely and firmly combined on the end face of the blade tip substrate through a plating layer and a bonding alloy layer; the part of the superhard ceramic particles embedded into the bonding alloy layer is uniformly wrapped by the coating, the external edge of the formed target coating is sharp, the wettability between the superhard ceramic particles and the bonding alloy interface is good, and the bonding strength is high. The sharp external edges ensure that the coating has good cutting performance, the wetting between the plating layer enhanced ceramic particles and the bonding alloy improves the wear resistance and the cutting performance, the wetting between the superhard particles and the bonding alloy interface is good, the coating has higher bonding strength, and the coating is prevented from falling off due to severe collision and friction with the casing coating.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an inner coated superhard tip cutting coating according to an embodiment of the invention;
wherein: 1. the blade tip base body, 2, a bonding alloy layer, 3, a coating and 4, superhard ceramic particles.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, the superhard tip cutting coating with a coating wrapped inside disclosed by the invention is composed of superhard ceramic particles 4 with a coating 3 wrapped on one side and a bonding alloy layer 2, wherein one side of the superhard ceramic particles 4 is wrapped with the coating 3, and the other side is exposed, and the side wrapped with the coating 3 is firmly combined on the end face of a tip substrate 1 through the bonding alloy layer 2; the part of the superhard ceramic particles 4 embedded into the bonding alloy layer 2 is wrapped by the coating layer 3, the depth embedded into the bonding alloy layer 2 is 0.5-0.9 time of the height of the superhard ceramic particles 4, the height of one side of the coating layer 3 is 0.55-0.95 time of the height of the superhard ceramic particles 4, and the height of one side of the coating layer 3 is higher than the depth embedded into the bonding alloy layer 2; finally, the blade tip superhard cutting coating with sharp external edges, good wettability between the superhard ceramic particles 4 and the bonding alloy layer 2 and high bonding strength is formed.
Example 1
The superhard tip cutting coating with the coating wrapped inside is a Ni71CrSi-Ni-cBN coating: the outer side of cubic boron nitride particles with the average particle size of 50 mu m is exposed, the inner side of the cubic boron nitride particles is combined on the end face of a titanium alloy TC4 blade tip matrix through a metal nickel plating layer and a Ni71CrSi bonding alloy layer, the Ni71CrSi bonding alloy layer and a TC4 blade tip matrix form firm metallurgical bonding and wrap the cubic boron nitride particles by 0.5 time of the height, and a cutting coating with sharp exposed outer edges and sharp exposed edges of the cubic boron nitride particles, good interface wettability with the Ni71CrSi bonding alloy and firm combination with the end face of the TC4 blade tip matrix is formed.
The specific preparation method of the superhard blade tip cutting coating with the coating wrapped inside comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a bonding alloy layer: firstly, removing pollution and oil stains on the surface of the blade tip matrix, and removing an oxidation film on the surface of the blade tip matrix; then preparing a Ni71CrSi bonding alloy layer on the surface of the TC4 blade tip matrix by adopting a vacuum plasma spraying process, wherein the thickness of the bonding alloy layer is 100 mu m; then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out by deionized water and drying is carried out for standby;
2) preparing a plating layer: uniformly distributing cubic boron nitride particles on a high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant water-soluble bottom plate coated with an inorganic salt solution on the surface; plating nickel on the exposed surface of the cubic boron nitride particles above the bottom plate by a magnetron sputtering method, wherein the thickness of the plating layer is 0.1 mu m;
3) heating and remelting: butting the tip of the blade substrate coated with the Ni71CrSi alloy layer with a base plate bonded with cubic boron nitride particles with a nickel coating on one side; and then heating by an induction coil to ensure that the Ni71CrSi layer is remelted and forms metallurgical bonding with the cubic boron nitride particles wrapped with the nickel coating, and removing the bottom plate to form the blade tip superhard cutting coating with the exposed outer part of the superhard ceramic particles and the wrapped coating inside.
The coating hardness of the superhard tip cutting coating internally coated with the coating prepared by the embodiment is 350-400HV0.2The bonding strength between the coatings is between 65 and 68 MPa.
Example 2
The superhard tip cutting coating with the coating wrapped inside is a Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni-Ti-cBN coating: the outer side of cubic boron nitride particles with the average particle size of 80 mu m is exposed, the inner side of the cubic boron nitride particles is combined on the end face of a nickel-based superalloy GH4037 blade tip base body through a metal titanium plating layer and a Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy layer, the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy layer and the GH4037 blade tip base body form firm metallurgical bonding and wrap the cubic boron nitride particles by 0.5 time of the height, and a cutting coating which is formed by exposing sharp outer edges of the cubic boron nitride particles, has good wettability with the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy interface and is firmly combined with the end face of the GH4037 blade tip base body is formed.
The specific preparation method of the superhard blade tip cutting coating with the coating wrapped inside comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a bonding alloy layer: firstly, removing pollution and oil stains on the surface of the blade tip matrix, and removing an oxidation film on the surface of the blade tip matrix; then preparing a Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy layer on the surface of the GH4037 tip substrate by adopting a vacuum plasma spraying process, wherein the thickness of the bonding alloy layer is 120 mu m; then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out by deionized water and drying is carried out for standby;
2) preparing a plating layer: uniformly distributing cubic boron nitride particles on a high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant water-soluble bottom plate coated with an inorganic salt solution on the surface; plating metal titanium on the exposed surface of the cubic boron nitride particles above the bottom plate by adopting a magnetron sputtering method, wherein the thickness of the plating layer is 0.5 mu m;
3) heating and remelting: butt-jointing the end face of the blade tip base body coated with the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni alloy layer with the bottom plate bonded with the cubic boron nitride particles with titanium coatings on one side; and then heating by an induction coil to ensure that the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni layer is re-melted and forms metallurgical bonding with the cubic boron nitride particles wrapped with the titanium coating, and removing the bottom plate to form the blade tip superhard cutting coating with the outer exposed part and the inner coated part of the superhard ceramic particles.
The coating hardness of the superhard tip cutting coating internally coated with the coating prepared by the embodiment is 360-400HV0.2The bonding strength between coatings is between 66 and 72 MPa.
Example 3
The superhard tip cutting coating with the coating wrapped inside is a Ni71 CrSi-Ni-diamond coating: the outer side of diamond particles with the average particle size of 120 mu m is exposed, the inner side of the diamond particles is combined on the end face of a TC4 blade tip base body through a metal nickel plating layer and a Ni71CrSi bonding alloy layer, the Ni71CrSi bonding alloy layer and the TC4 blade tip base body form firm metallurgical bonding and wrap the diamond particles by 0.7 time of the height, and a cutting coating with sharp exposed diamond particle outer edges and corners, good interface wettability with the Ni71CrSi bonding alloy and firm combination with the end face of the TC4 blade tip base body is formed.
The specific preparation method of the superhard blade tip cutting coating with the coating wrapped inside comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a bonding alloy layer: firstly, removing pollution and oil stains on the surface of the blade tip matrix, and removing an oxidation film on the surface of the blade tip matrix; then preparing a Ni71CrSi bonding alloy layer on the surface of the TC4 blade tip matrix by adopting a vacuum plasma spraying process, wherein the thickness of the bonding alloy layer is 150 mu m; then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out by deionized water and drying is carried out for standby;
2) preparing a plating layer: uniformly distributing diamond particles on a high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant water-soluble bottom plate coated with an inorganic salt solution on the surface; plating nickel on the exposed surface of the diamond particles above the bottom plate by a magnetron sputtering method, wherein the thickness of the plating layer is 1 mu m;
3) heating and remelting: butt-jointing the tip substrate end coated with the Ni71CrSi alloy layer with a bottom plate bonded with diamond particles with nickel coatings on one side; and then heating by an induction coil to ensure that the Ni71CrSi layer is remelted and forms metallurgical bonding with the diamond particles wrapped with the nickel coating, and removing the bottom plate to form the blade tip superhard cutting coating with the exposed diamond particles outside and the nickel coating wrapped inside.
The coating hardness of the superhard tip cutting coating with the coating coated inside prepared by the embodiment is 370-420HV0.2The bonding strength between coatings is between 64 and 69 MPa.
Example 4
The superhard tip cutting coating with the coating wrapped inside is a Ti20Zr25Cu10 Ni-tungsten nitride-diamond coating: the outer side of diamond particles with the average particle size of 200 mu m is exposed, the inner side of the diamond particles is combined on the end face of a high-temperature alloy GH4037 tip base body of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy through a tungsten nitride plating layer and a Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy layer, the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy layer and the GH4037 tip base body form firm metallurgical bonding and wrap the diamond particles by 0.7 time of the height, and a cutting coating which is formed and has sharp exposed diamond particle outer edges and corners, good interface wettability with the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy and firm bonding with the end face of the GH4037 tip base body is formed.
The specific preparation method of the superhard blade tip cutting coating with the coating wrapped inside comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a bonding alloy layer: firstly, removing pollution and oil stains on the surface of the blade tip matrix, and removing an oxidation film on the surface of the blade tip matrix; then preparing a Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy layer on the surface of the GH4037 tip substrate by adopting a vacuum plasma spraying process, wherein the thickness of the bonding alloy layer is 150 microns; then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out by deionized water and drying is carried out for standby;
2) preparing a plating layer: uniformly distributing diamond particles on a high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant water-soluble bottom plate coated with an inorganic salt solution on the surface; then, plating tungsten nitride on the exposed surface of the diamond particles above the bottom plate by adopting a magnetron sputtering method, wherein the thickness of the plating layer is 2 microns;
3) heating and remelting: butt-jointing the tip substrate end coated with the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni alloy layer and the bottom plate bonded with the diamond particles with the tungsten nitride layer on one side; and then heating by an induction coil to ensure that the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni layer is re-melted and forms metallurgical bonding with the diamond particles wrapped with the tungsten nitride coating, and removing the bottom plate to form the blade tip superhard cutting coating with the outer part exposed and the inner part wrapped with the coating of the diamond particles.
The coating hardness of the superhard tip cutting coating internally coated with the coating prepared by the embodiment is 370 HV and 430HV0.2The bonding strength between coatings is between 69 and 75 MPa.
Example 5
The superhard tip cutting coating with the coating wrapped inside is a Ni71 CrSi-tungsten nitride-cBN coating: the outer side of cubic boron nitride particles with the average particle size of 250 mu m is exposed, the inner side of the cubic boron nitride particles is combined on the end face of a nickel-based superalloy IN738 tip matrix through a tungsten nitride coating and a Ni71CrSi bonding alloy layer, the Ni71CrSi bonding alloy layer and the IN738 tip matrix form firm metallurgical bonding and wrap the cubic boron nitride particles by 0.9 time of the height, and a cutting coating with sharply exposed outer edges and tips of the cubic boron nitride particles, good interface wettability with the Ni71CrSi bonding alloy and firm combination with the IN738 tip surface is formed.
The specific preparation method of the superhard blade tip cutting coating with the coating wrapped inside comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a bonding alloy layer: firstly, removing pollution and oil stains on the surface of the blade tip matrix, and removing an oxidation film on the surface of the blade tip matrix; then preparing a Ni71CrSi bonding alloy layer on the surface of the IN738 blade tip matrix by adopting a vacuum plasma spraying process, wherein the thickness of the bonding alloy layer is 150 mu m; then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out by deionized water and drying is carried out for standby;
2) preparing a plating layer: uniformly distributing cubic boron nitride particles on a high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant water-soluble bottom plate coated with an inorganic salt solution on the surface; then, tungsten nitride is plated on the exposed surface of the cubic boron nitride particles above the bottom plate by adopting a magnetron sputtering method, and the thickness of the plating layer is 3 mu m;
3) heating and remelting: butt-jointing the end face of the blade tip base body coated with the Ni71CrSi alloy layer with a base plate bonded with cubic boron nitride particles with a tungsten nitride coating on one side; and then heating by an induction coil to ensure that the Ni71CrSi layer is remelted and forms metallurgical bonding with the cubic boron nitride particles wrapped with the tungsten nitride coating, and removing the bottom plate to form the superhard tip cutting coating with the exposed exterior and the tungsten nitride coating wrapped inside of the cubic boron nitride particles.
The coating hardness of the superhard tip cutting coating internally coated with the coating prepared by the embodiment is 340-380HV0.2The bonding strength between the coatings is between 65 and 70 MPa.
Example 6
The superhard tip cutting coating with the coating wrapped inside is a Ti20Zr25Cu10 Ni-Ti-diamond coating: the outer side of diamond particles with the average particle size of 350 mu m is exposed, the inner side of the diamond particles is combined on the end face of the titanium alloy TC11 blade tip base body through a metal titanium plating layer and a Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy layer, the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy layer and the TC11 blade tip base body form firm metallurgical bonding and wrap the diamond particles by 0.9 time of height, and a cutting coating with sharp exposed diamond particle outer edges and corners, good wettability with the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy interface and firm combination with the end face of the TC11 blade tip base body is formed.
The specific preparation method of the superhard blade tip cutting coating with the coating wrapped inside comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a bonding alloy layer: firstly, removing pollution and oil stains on the surface of the blade tip matrix, and removing an oxidation film on the surface of the blade tip matrix; then preparing a Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni bonding alloy layer on the surface of the TC11 tip matrix by adopting a vacuum plasma spraying process, wherein the thickness of the bonding alloy layer is 150 mu m; then ultrasonic cleaning is carried out by deionized water and drying is carried out for standby;
2) preparing a plating layer: uniformly distributing diamond particles on a high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant water-soluble bottom plate coated with an inorganic salt solution on the surface; plating metal titanium on the exposed surface of the diamond particles above the bottom plate by adopting a magnetron sputtering method, wherein the thickness of the plating layer is 5 mu m;
3) heating and remelting: butting the end face of the blade tip base body coated with the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni alloy layer with a bottom plate bonded with diamond particles with a metal titanium layer on one side; and then heating by an induction coil to ensure that the Ti20Zr25Cu10Ni layer is re-melted and forms metallurgical bonding with the diamond particles wrapped with the metallic titanium coating, and removing the bottom plate to form the blade tip superhard cutting coating with the outer part exposed and the inner part wrapped with the coating of the diamond particles.
The coating hardness of the superhard tip cutting coating with the coating coated inside prepared by the embodiment is 370-410HV0.2The bonding strength between coatings is between 66 and 72 MPa.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The superhard blade tip cutting coating internally coated with the coating is characterized by consisting of superhard ceramic particles (4) and a bonding alloy layer (2); one side of the superhard ceramic particles (4) is coated with the coating (3), the other side of the superhard ceramic particles (4) is exposed, one side of the superhard ceramic particles (4) coated with the coating (3) is embedded into the bonding alloy layer (2), and the superhard ceramic particles are firmly combined on the end surface of the blade tip substrate (1) through the bonding alloy layer (2) to form a superhard cutting coating with a sharp external edge angle and a coating coated inside;
wherein, the height of one side of the coating (3) wrapped by the superhard ceramic particles (4) is greater than the depth of the coating embedded into the bonding alloy layer (2), and the height is 0.55 to 0.95 times of the height of the superhard ceramic particles (4);
the depth of the superhard ceramic particles (4) embedded into the bonding alloy layer (2) is 0.5-0.9 time of the height of the superhard ceramic particles (4);
the superhard ceramic particles (4) are cubic boron nitride particles or diamond particles; when the average grain diameter of the hard ceramic particles is 50-120 mu m, the requirement on cutting performance is met; when the average particle size of the hard ceramic particles is 121-350 mu m, the heat dissipation performance requirement is met;
the plating layer (3) on the surface of the superhard ceramic particles (4) is a metal nickel, metal titanium or tungsten nitride film;
the melting point of the bonding alloy is lower than 0.9 times the melting point of the tip base (1) calculated as Kelvin temperature.
2. The superhard tip cutting coating with an inner coating layer according to claim 1, wherein the bonding alloy layer (2) is a nickel-based alloy with a nickel content of more than 53.0% and a chromium content of 6-28%; or selecting a titanium-based alloy with the titanium content of more than 37.5 percent, the zirconium content of 18-30 percent, the copper content of 10-20 percent and the nickel content of 5-10 percent.
3. The method of making an inner clad superhard tip cutting coating according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) preparing a bonding alloy layer: preparing a bonding alloy layer on the surface of the blade tip substrate, wherein the thickness of the bonding alloy layer is 0.4-0.8 times of the average grain size of the superhard ceramic particles, and then ultrasonically cleaning the bonding alloy layer by using deionized water and drying the bonding alloy layer for later use;
preparing a bonding alloy layer on the surface of the blade tip matrix by adopting a vacuum plasma spraying method, wherein the spraying power is 25-55 kW, and the spraying distance is 100-400 mm;
2) preparing a plating layer: the superhard ceramic particles are uniformly distributed on the base plate coated with the binder on the surface, and the difference of the top heights of the superhard ceramic particles after being immersed in the base plate is 0.05-0.5 time lower than the average grain size of the superhard ceramic particles; then plating metal or compound on the exposed surface of the superhard ceramic particles above the bottom plate to ensure that the plating rate of the exposed surface of the ceramic particles reaches more than 95 percent;
wherein the bottom plate is a high-temperature resistant and corrosion resistant water-soluble bottom plate; the binder is an inorganic salt solution with the melting point 1.2-2 times higher than that of the binder alloy; and the adhesive is deposited on the bottom plate in a suspension manner; wherein the bonding strength of the binder and the superhard ceramic particles is 0.1-10% of that of the superhard ceramic particles and the binder alloy;
plating metal or compound on the exposed surface of the superhard ceramic particles above the bottom plate by magnetron sputtering with the vacuum degree of 1.5 multiplied by 10-4~5×10-4 Pa, sputtering power of 50-100W, sputtering time of 0.5-1 min, plating solution pH of 3-5, temperature of 40-65 ℃, and cathode current density of 1.0-2.5A/dm2；
3) Heating and remelting: butting the blade tip base body coated with the bonding alloy layer and the base plate bonded with the superhard ceramic particles with the single-side coating together, fixing the superhard ceramic particles with the metal or the compound plated on the base plate with one side facing upwards, and placing the blade tip base body coated with the bonding alloy layer facing downwards; then heating to re-melt the bonding alloy layer and form metallurgical bonding with the superhard ceramic particles wrapped with the plating layer, and removing the bottom plate to form the superhard tip cutting coating internally wrapped with the plating layer;
wherein the heating temperature is 1.05-1.3 times of the melting point of the bonding alloy and is lower than the melting point of the blade tip matrix; the heating mode adopts induction heating, the induction current is 20-65A, the heating time is 2-15 s, and the heating distance is 2.5-8 mm.
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CN107138878A (en) * 2017-04-19 2017-09-08 天津职业技术师范大学 A kind of preparation method of titanium-fire-preventing coating
CN107142474A (en) * 2017-04-19 2017-09-08 天津职业技术师范大学 A kind of titanium-fire-preventing coating
CN109338288A (en) * 2018-09-17 2019-02-15 中国科学院金属研究所 A kind of gas turbine blades blade tip protective coating and its preparation method and application
EP3508616A1 (en) * 2018-01-05 2019-07-10 United Technologies Corporation Method for applying an abrasive tip to a high pressure turbine blade
CN110438496A (en) * 2019-09-23 2019-11-12 兰州理工大学 Vacuum cladding+chemical plating is molten-structure and preparation method thereof of plating composite coating

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107138878A (en) * 2017-04-19 2017-09-08 天津职业技术师范大学 A kind of preparation method of titanium-fire-preventing coating
CN107142474A (en) * 2017-04-19 2017-09-08 天津职业技术师范大学 A kind of titanium-fire-preventing coating
EP3508616A1 (en) * 2018-01-05 2019-07-10 United Technologies Corporation Method for applying an abrasive tip to a high pressure turbine blade
CN109338288A (en) * 2018-09-17 2019-02-15 中国科学院金属研究所 A kind of gas turbine blades blade tip protective coating and its preparation method and application
CN110438496A (en) * 2019-09-23 2019-11-12 兰州理工大学 Vacuum cladding+chemical plating is molten-structure and preparation method thereof of plating composite coating

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