CN112123032A - Magnetic particle grinding device and process for machining inner wall of conical part - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a magnetic particle grinding device and process for machining the inner wall of a conical part, the device includes a machine tool, an external magnetic pole device, and an internal ultrasonic vibration magnetic pole device, the external magnetic pole device is arranged outside the workpiece, and can pass through The first sliding table on the machine tool is driven to move along the axial direction of the workpiece; the internal ultrasonic vibration magnetic pole device is coaxial with the workpiece, and can be driven by the second sliding table on the machine tool to send the auxiliary magnetic pole into the workpiece. The invention can realize the finishing process on the inner wall of the cone type. It can improve the surface quality and service life of the workpiece, and effectively improve the grinding speed and grinding quality.

Description

A magnetic particle grinding device and process for machining inner wall of conical parts

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of magnetic particle grinding and finishing, in particular to a magnetic particle grinding device and a process for processing the inner wall of a conical part.

Background technique

With the continuous development of mechanization and automation, the application of conical parts has become particularly extensive. The funnel is the most typical representative of the conical type, and the surface quality of its inner wall has a direct impact on the processing efficiency and processing cost. Due to the unique shape of tapered parts, the distance between the outer magnetic pole and the outer surface of the part needs to be adjusted continuously when magnetic particle grinding is performed, so that a closed magnetic circuit is formed between the magnetic pole and the abrasive, and then the required machining accuracy is achieved. This operation is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also extremely inefficient, so it is particularly important to invent a device specially designed for processing tapered parts.

Chinese patent CN111168483A discloses a method and device for grinding magnetic particles on the inner surface of a non-magnetically conductive concentric reducing tube. The device utilizes the movement of the sliding vane group to adjust the distance between the magnet and the outer surface of the workpiece to be processed, but the device has a complex structure, high installation requirements, and poor machining accuracy.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a magnetic particle grinding device and a process for processing the inner wall of a conical part, which can realize the finishing process of the inner wall of the conical type. It can improve the surface quality and service life of the workpiece, and effectively improve the grinding speed and grinding quality.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to realize:

A magnetic particle grinding device for machining the inner wall of a conical part, comprising a machine tool, an external magnetic pole device, and an internal ultrasonic vibration magnetic pole device, the external magnetic pole device is arranged outside the workpiece, and can be driven by a first sliding table on the machine tool along the The workpiece moves axially; the inner ultrasonic vibration magnetic pole device is coaxial with the workpiece, and can drive the auxiliary magnetic pole into the workpiece through the second sliding table on the machine tool.

The internal ultrasonic vibration magnetic pole device includes an ultrasonic generator, a converter, a collector ring, a horn, a ball-head connecting rod, an auxiliary magnetic pole, an ultrasonic vibration device holder, the converter, the collector ring and the horn. Installed on the ultrasonic generator, the auxiliary magnetic pole is installed on the horn through the ball joint connecting rod, the ultrasonic generator is installed on the ultrasonic vibration device holder, and the ultrasonic vibration device holder is installed on the second sliding table superior.

The external magnetic pole device includes an electric cylinder and an infrared distance measuring sensor, and the infrared distance measuring sensor is installed on the magnetic pole at the end of the electric cylinder.

The electric cylinder includes a magnetic pole, an electric cylinder screw, an electric cylinder sleeve, an electric cylinder nut, an electric cylinder push rod, an electric cylinder bearing, an electric cylinder reducer, and an electric cylinder servo motor, and the electric cylinder screw passes through the electric cylinder bearing. Installed in the electric cylinder sleeve, the electric cylinder nut is screwed on the electric cylinder screw and can slide along the inner wall of the electric cylinder sleeve, one end of the electric cylinder push rod is fixedly connected with the electric cylinder nut, and the electric cylinder The other end of the push rod protrudes from the electric cylinder sleeve and is fixedly connected to the magnetic pole. A guide sleeve is arranged between the electric cylinder push rod and the electric cylinder sleeve. The electric cylinder servo motor is connected to the electric cylinder lead screw through the electric cylinder reducer. .

The workpiece is a non-magnetically conductive metal conical pipe.

A grinding process of a magnetic particle grinding device for processing the inner wall of a conical part, the specific method is as follows:

1) Fix the processed metal pipe workpiece on the machine tool with a triangular chuck, put the magnetic abrasive into the workpiece, move the first sliding table, make the magnetic pole of the external magnetic pole device at the initial grinding position of the workpiece, and move the second sliding table Make the auxiliary magnetic pole of the internal ultrasonic vibration magnetic pole device enter the inside of the workpiece and be opposite to the magnetic pole to form a closed magnetic field;

2) Set the distance between the magnetic pole and the outer surface of the workpiece, so that the magnetic pole can always keep the distance between the magnetic pole and the surface of the workpiece constant after work; then add the amplitude generated by the ultrasonic vibration to the auxiliary magnetic pole;

3) Start the machine tool motor to realize that the triangular chuck drives the workpiece to complete the rotational movement at the same speed as the machine tool spindle;

4) Make the sliding box a and the sliding box b move synchronously to ensure that the internal auxiliary magnetic pole and the magnetic pole always form a closed magnetic field, and drive the magnetic abrasive to grind;

5) Use the infrared distance measuring sensor to measure the distance between the magnetic pole and the workpiece in real time, and through the feedback of the measurement signal, the magnetic pole can expand and contract during the axial movement of the conical workpiece, so as to ensure the distance between the magnetic pole and the workpiece surface to achieve the maximum Excellent grinding effect.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention is a device for processing conical parts of various sizes. According to the different precision requirements of the workpiece, the distance between the magnetic pole and the surface of the workpiece can be set in advance in the PLC system. When the machining accuracy is high, the distance between the two can be adjusted. A smaller distance value setting provides greater grinding pressure for the abrasive. When the machining accuracy is low, the distance value can be set larger to avoid excessive machining. In the process of processing, the infrared distance measuring sensor inputs the measured distance into the PLC system through the reception of the signal, and the system drives the electric cylinder to bring the magnetic pole to the designated position according to the set parameter value, so as to ensure the distance between the magnetic pole and the workpiece surface. distance. The ultrasonic vibration and auxiliary magnetic pole part in this device, the ultrasonic vibration device provides a horizontal vibration for the auxiliary magnetic pole, which makes the magnetic abrasive inside the workpiece generate high-frequency vibration, improves the grinding speed, and at the same time enhances the tumbling and renewal of the magnetic abrasive particles. performance, thereby increasing the grinding efficiency and improving the inner surface quality of the workpiece. The existence of auxiliary magnetic poles shortens the distance between the magnetic poles, thereby increasing the magnetic induction intensity and improving the grinding speed and grinding quality.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the ultrasonic vibration part of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 3 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric cylinder control part of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-machine tool 2-triangular chuck 3-workpiece 4-electric cylinder placement frame 5-handwheel Ⅰ 6-slide box a 7-handwheel Ⅱ 8-slide box b 9-lead screw 10-control handle 11-electric cylinder 12-infrared distance measuring sensor 13-first slide 14-second slide 15-ultrasonic vibration device holder 16-ultrasonic generator 17-converter 18-collecting ring 19-amplifier 20- Ball head connecting rod 21- Auxiliary magnetic pole 22- Magnetic pole 23- Electric cylinder guide sleeve 24- Electric cylinder screw 25- Electric cylinder sleeve 26- Electric cylinder nut 27- Electric cylinder servo motor 28- Electric cylinder bearing 29- Electric cylinder deceleration 30 - electric cylinder push rod.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below, but the scope of implementation of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1-5, a magnetic particle grinding device for processing the inner wall of a conical part includes a machine tool 1, an external magnetic pole device, an internal ultrasonic vibration magnetic pole device, and the external magnetic pole device is arranged outside the workpiece 3, and It can be driven by the first sliding table 13 on the machine tool 1 to move in the axial direction of the workpiece 3; the internal ultrasonic vibration magnetic pole device is coaxial with the workpiece 3, and can be driven by the second sliding table 14 on the machine tool 1 to send the auxiliary magnetic pole 21. into workpiece 3.

The internal ultrasonic vibration magnetic pole device includes an ultrasonic generator 16, a converter 17, a collector ring 18, a horn 19, a ball-head connecting rod 20, an auxiliary magnetic pole 21, and an ultrasonic vibration device holder 15. The converter 17 , the collector ring 18 and the horn 19 are installed on the ultrasonic generator 16, the auxiliary magnetic pole 21 is installed on the horn 19 through the ball joint connecting rod 20, and the ultrasonic generator 16 is installed on the ultrasonic vibration device holder 15 , the ultrasonic vibration device fixing base 15 is installed on the second sliding table 14 .

The external magnetic pole device includes an electric cylinder 11 and an infrared distance measuring sensor 12 , and the infrared distance measuring sensor 12 is installed on the magnetic pole 22 at the end of the electric cylinder 11 .

The electric cylinder 11 includes a magnetic pole 22, an electric cylinder screw 25, an electric cylinder sleeve 25, an electric cylinder nut 26, an electric cylinder push rod 30, an electric cylinder bearing 28, an electric cylinder reducer 29, and an electric cylinder servo motor 27. The electric cylinder screw 24 is installed in the electric cylinder sleeve 25 through the electric cylinder bearing 28 , the electric cylinder nut 26 is screwed on the electric cylinder screw 24 and can slide along the inner wall of the electric cylinder sleeve 25 , the electric cylinder nut 26 is One end of the electric cylinder push rod 30 is fixedly connected with the electric cylinder nut 26 , and the other end of the electric cylinder push rod 30 extends out of the electric cylinder sleeve 25 and is fixedly connected with the magnetic pole 22 , between the electric cylinder push rod 30 and the electric cylinder sleeve 25 A guide sleeve 23 is provided, and the electric cylinder servo motor 27 is connected to the electric cylinder lead screw 24 through the electric cylinder reducer 29 in a driving manner.

The workpiece 3 is a non-magnetic conductive metal conical pipe.

The external magnetic pole device of the present invention can always ensure the optimal distance between the magnetic pole 22 and the workpiece 3 when the diameter of the workpiece changes. The internal ultrasonic vibration magnetic pole device makes the abrasive have a more complex movement trajectory, and the internal auxiliary magnetic pole can enhance the magnetic induction intensity and achieve better grinding effect.

The infrared ranging sensor 12 installed on the magnetic pole 22 measures the distance between the magnetic pole 22 and the workpiece 3 through infrared signals, and then transmits the command to the PLC controller, which acts as a position feedback device for real-time feedback of the position of the electric cylinder push rod 30 . The head of the electric cylinder push rod 30 is connected to the magnetic pole 22 , and the distance between the magnetic pole 22 and the workpiece 3 is changed by the movement of the electric cylinder push rod 30 to ensure the best grinding effect. The PLC controller sends instructions to the servo motor driver, the servo motor driver drives the electric cylinder servo motor 27 to run according to the instructions, and drives the electric cylinder lead screw 24 to rotate through the electric cylinder reducer 29; the electric cylinder nut 26 is radially positioned, and the electric cylinder screw 24 Reciprocating linear motion together with the electric cylinder push rod 30 driven by the rotating torque, the head of the electric cylinder push rod 30 is connected to the magnetic pole 22, and the distance between the magnetic pole 22 and the workpiece 3 is changed by the movement of the electric cylinder push rod 30. Before starting processing, according to the different requirements of processing accuracy, set the optimal distance between the magnetic pole 22 and the workpiece 3 in the PLC system in advance, which can not only provide sufficient grinding pressure but also avoid excessive processing.

The ultrasonic vibration device is connected with the internal auxiliary magnetic pole 21 through the ball-end connecting rod 20, which provides a horizontal vibration for the auxiliary magnetic pole 21, so that the magnetic abrasive inside the metal tube workpiece 3 generates high-frequency vibration, which improves the grinding speed and at the same time enhances the Magnetic abrasive particles tumble updated performance, thereby increasing grinding efficiency and improving the inner surface quality of metal tubes.

The ultrasonic generator 16 converts the alternating current signal into an ultrasonic frequency electrical oscillation signal, and the transducer 17 converts the ultrasonic frequency electrical oscillation signal into a mechanical vibration signal of the same frequency. The horn 19 amplifies the small vibration amplitude, and then passes through the ball-head connecting rod 20, and finally transmits the vibration to the internal auxiliary magnetic pole 21, which makes it perform radial ultrasonic vibration, which makes the movement trajectory of the abrasive more complex and the grinding effect is better. It is better to improve the inner surface quality of the workpiece 3 . At the same time, the performance of magnetic abrasive particles tumbling and updating is enhanced, and the self-sharpening of the abrasive is improved, thereby improving the grinding efficiency.

A grinding process of a magnetic particle grinding device for processing the inner wall of a conical part, the specific method is as follows:

1) Fix the processed metal pipe workpiece 3 on the machine tool 1 with a triangular chuck, put the magnetic abrasive into the workpiece 3, move the first sliding table 13, and place the magnetic pole 22 of the external magnetic pole device on the initial grinding position of the workpiece 3 , move the second sliding table 14 so that the auxiliary magnetic pole 21 of the internal ultrasonic vibration magnetic pole device enters the inside of the workpiece 3 and is opposite to the magnetic pole 22 to form a closed magnetic field;

2) Set the distance between the magnetic pole 22 and the outer surface of the workpiece 3 in the PLC control system according to the precision requirements of the workpiece 3, so that the magnetic pole 22 can always keep the distance from the surface of the workpiece 3 constant after work; On the auxiliary magnetic pole 21, the vibration frequency of the abrasive is increased under this action, and the abrasive is driven to roll flexibly, so as to better complete the self-sharpening of the cutting edge, and thus the processing quality and processing efficiency;

3) Start the motor of the machine tool 1 to realize that the triangular chuck drives the workpiece 3 to complete the rotational movement at the same speed as the spindle of the machine tool 1;

4) Synchronous movement of the sliding box a6 and the sliding box b8 to ensure that the internal auxiliary magnetic pole 21 and the magnetic pole 22 form a closed magnetic field all the time, and drive the magnetic abrasive to grind;

5) Using the infrared distance measuring sensor 12 to measure the distance between the magnetic pole 21 and the workpiece 3 in real time, through the feedback of the measurement signal, the magnetic pole 21 can expand and contract during the axial movement along the conical workpiece 3, thereby ensuring that the magnetic pole 21 and the workpiece are 3 surface distances to achieve the best grinding effect.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concept thereof shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a magnetic particle grinding device for processing the inner wall of a conical part, is characterized in that, comprises a machine tool, an external magnetic pole device, an internal ultrasonic vibration magnetic pole device, and the external magnetic pole device is arranged on the outside of the workpiece, and can pass through the machine tool. The first sliding table is driven to move in the axial direction of the workpiece; the internal ultrasonic vibration magnetic pole device is coaxial with the workpiece, and can drive the auxiliary magnetic pole into the workpiece through the second sliding table on the machine tool. 2. A magnetic particle grinding device for processing the inner wall of a conical part according to claim 1, wherein the internal ultrasonic vibration magnetic pole device comprises an ultrasonic generator, a converter, a collector ring, a horn , ball-head connecting rod, auxiliary magnetic pole, ultrasonic vibration device holder, the converter, collector ring and horn are installed on the ultrasonic generator, and the auxiliary magnetic pole is installed on the horn through the ball-head connecting rod , the ultrasonic generator is installed on the fixing seat of the ultrasonic vibration device, and the fixing seat of the ultrasonic vibration device is installed on the second sliding table. 3. A magnetic particle grinding device for processing the inner wall of a conical part according to claim 1, wherein the external magnetic pole device comprises an electric cylinder and an infrared distance measuring sensor, and the infrared distance measuring sensor is installed on the on the magnetic pole at the end of the electric cylinder. 4. A magnetic particle grinding device for processing the inner wall of a conical part according to claim 3, wherein the electric cylinder comprises a magnetic pole, an electric cylinder screw, an electric cylinder sleeve, an electric cylinder nut, an electric cylinder Cylinder push rod, electric cylinder bearing, electric cylinder reducer, electric cylinder servo motor, the electric cylinder lead screw is installed in the electric cylinder sleeve through the electric cylinder bearing, the electric cylinder nut is screwed on the electric cylinder lead screw, And can slide along the inner wall of the electric cylinder sleeve, one end of the electric cylinder push rod is fixedly connected with the electric cylinder nut, and the other end of the electric cylinder push rod protrudes out of the electric cylinder sleeve and is fixedly connected with the magnetic pole. A guide sleeve is arranged between the electric cylinder sleeves, and the electric cylinder servo motor is connected to the electric cylinder lead screw through the electric cylinder reducer. 5 . The magnetic particle grinding device for machining the inner wall of a conical part according to claim 1 , wherein the workpiece is a non-magnetic conductive metal conical pipe. 6 . 6. A grinding process of a magnetic particle grinding device for processing the inner wall of a conical part as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the specific method is as follows: 1) Fix the processed metal pipe workpiece on the machine tool with a triangular chuck, put the magnetic abrasive into the workpiece, move the first sliding table, make the magnetic pole of the external magnetic pole device at the initial grinding position of the workpiece, and move the second sliding table Make the auxiliary magnetic pole of the internal ultrasonic vibration magnetic pole device enter the inside of the workpiece and be opposite to the magnetic pole to form a closed magnetic field; 2) Set the distance between the magnetic pole and the outer surface of the workpiece, so that the magnetic pole can always keep the distance between the magnetic pole and the surface of the workpiece constant after work; then add the amplitude generated by the ultrasonic vibration to the auxiliary magnetic pole; 3) Start the machine tool motor to realize that the triangular chuck drives the workpiece to complete the rotational movement at the same speed as the machine tool spindle; 4) Make the sliding box a and the sliding box b move synchronously to ensure that the internal auxiliary magnetic pole and the magnetic pole always form a closed magnetic field, and drive the magnetic abrasive to grind; 5) Use the infrared distance measuring sensor to measure the distance between the magnetic pole and the workpiece in real time, and through the feedback of the measurement signal, the magnetic pole can expand and contract during the axial movement of the conical workpiece, so as to ensure the distance between the magnetic pole and the workpiece surface to achieve the maximum Excellent grinding effect.

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