CN112113859A - Ground direct shear test device - Google Patents
Ground direct shear test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112113859A CN112113859A CN202010980556.7A CN202010980556A CN112113859A CN 112113859 A CN112113859 A CN 112113859A CN 202010980556 A CN202010980556 A CN 202010980556A CN 112113859 A CN112113859 A CN 112113859A
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- hydraulic jack
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- sample piece
- test device
- direct shear
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0244—Tests performed "in situ" or after "in situ" use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rock-soil direct shear test device which comprises a foundation pit, wherein displacement grooves are formed in the edge positions of two sides of the foundation pit, a sample piece is arranged inside the foundation pit, pressing plates are arranged above and on one side surface of the sample piece, a horizontal hydraulic jack is arranged on the outer side of the pressing plate on one side surface of the sample piece, a reaction plate is arranged on the outer side of the horizontal hydraulic jack, steel plates are arranged on two sides above the pressing plate above the sample piece, a rolling row sliding belt is arranged above each side of each steel plate, the steel plates are correspondingly arranged on two sides above the rolling row sliding belts, and the pressing plates connected with vertical hydraulic jacks are tightly attached to the upper portions of the steel plates. The device can weaken the eccentric phenomenon of vertical pressure loading system and vertical reaction load system and shear force sample on the one hand, and on the other hand can guarantee the direction of exerting pressure of horizontal load system and vertical pressure loading system in the testing process, improves the stability of exerting pressure, improves the experimental reliability of ground direct shear test device on the whole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering test equipment, in particular to a rock-soil direct shear test device.
Background
The soil slope is widely used in geotechnical engineering such as earth-rock dams, reservoirs, embankments, foundation pit excavation, channels, dikes and the like. The shear strength of soil is an important index for determining the stability of earth dams, embankments, side slopes and the like, the common determination methods include indoor direct shear tests (fast shear, consolidation fast shear, slow shear and drainage repeated shear), indoor triaxial shear tests, in-situ direct shear tests and the like, and the in-situ direct shear tests are used as one of the main means for determining the shear strength index of the soil in various engineering designs and constructions at home and abroad. Because the test conditions of the large direct shear test are closer to the actual rock-soil mass, the large direct shear test is applied to the research of moraine soil, granite residual slope soil, expansive soil, garbage soil, sand cobbles, gravel soil, remolded red clay, remolded silt soil and the like at present, because the sample soil is loose and the like, when a shear sample generates large transverse displacement by a transverse load system, the vertical pressure loading system and the vertical counter-force loading system are easy to generate an eccentric phenomenon with the shear sample, and in addition, the transverse load system and the vertical pressure loading system cannot guarantee continuous linear pressure application in the test process, so that the test data is inaccurate or the test fails.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rock-soil direct shear test device which can weaken the eccentricity of a vertical pressure loading system, a vertical counter-force loading system and a shear sample, ensure the pressure application direction of a transverse loading system and a vertical pressure loading system in the test process, improve the pressure application stability and generally improve the test reliability of the rock-soil direct shear test device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a ground soil direct shear test device, includes the foundation ditch, foundation ditch both sides border position department seted up the displacement groove, the inside sample piece that is equipped with of foundation ditch, sample piece top and a side all be equipped with and exert the clamp plate, wherein the pressure plate outside that is located a sample piece side is equipped with horizontal hydraulic jack, horizontal hydraulic jack outside be equipped with the reaction plate, the pressure plate top both sides that are located the sample piece top all set up the steel sheet and every side steel sheet top all is equipped with the row's of rolling sliding strip, row's of rolling sliding strip top both sides correspond and place steel sheet and steel sheet top and hug closely the pressure plate that is connected with vertical hydraulic jack, vertical hydraulic jack top loop through biography power steel column, reaction plate and I-steel top tightly in roof central point department, roof top place a plurality of sand bag, roof both sides impress inside the displacement groove, the pressure plate upper surface central point department of pressure plate of sample piece top seted up semicircular groove and correspond position department The clamp plate lower surface central point department of putting of executing of top is connected with semi-circular reset head through the spliced pole, the reset head be absorbed in inside semi-circular recess, horizontal hydraulic jack and vertical hydraulic jack between be equipped with guider, guider including the mounting panel that has the picture peg and the installation head that has the slot, the slot embedding inside fixed and the mounting panel rear of picture peg pre-buried inside the foundation ditch lateral wall, installation head for square shape and below and all process with the lateral surface and have the rectangular channel, the inside welding of rectangular channel have the slide bar, the slide bar on all overlap and be equipped with the guide bar, guide bar one end be equipped with through-hole and suit on the slide bar and the other end pass through the lasso and overlap respectively the suit on the flexible section of horizontal hydraulic jack and vertical hydraulic jack.
Furthermore, the inner side surface of the displacement groove is provided with a buffer belt.
Furthermore, one end of the reaction plate outside the horizontal hydraulic jack is provided with an L-shaped clamping groove plate, and the inner side of the L-shaped clamping groove plate is filled with a soil layer and the outer side of the L-shaped clamping groove plate is clamped with the reaction plate.
Furthermore, a percentage detection meter is arranged above a pressure plate of the vertical hydraulic jack and on the other side surface of the sample piece.
Furthermore, an anti-skid ring is arranged inside the ferrule.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, by arranging the reset head, the semicircular groove and the two-side rolling-row sliding belt structures, when the vertical hydraulic jack and the sample piece are eccentrically displaced, the arc-shaped reset head and the groove are matched with the two-side rolling-row sliding belts to perform reset operation, so that the vertical hydraulic jack is reset to the initial pressure applying position of the sample piece; through setting up guider, can carry out the stability that the flexible section of horizontal hydraulic jack and vertical hydraulic jack carries out spacing improvement spirit section application of force simultaneously all around, improve ground direct shear test device's experimental reliability on the whole.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention showing the whole structure disassembled;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of a sample piece according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure below the pressing plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the guiding device of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a foundation pit; 2. a sample piece; 3. a percentage detection table; 4. pressing a plate; 5. a horizontal hydraulic jack; 6. a vertical hydraulic jack; 7. the guide device (71, a mounting plate; 72, a mounting head; 73, a sliding rod; 74, a guide rod; 75, a through hole; 76, an anti-slip ring); 8. a displacement slot; 9. a buffer zone; 10. a top plate; 11. a sand bag; 12. filling a soil layer; 13. a reaction plate; 14. an L-shaped slot plate; 15. a semicircular groove; 16. a steel plate; 17. i-shaped steel; 18. a reset head; 19. rolling and sliding the belt.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with reference to the specific drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a rock-soil direct shear test device comprises a foundation pit 1, displacement grooves 8 are formed in the edge positions of two sides of the foundation pit 1, a sample piece 2 is arranged in the foundation pit 1, pressing plates 4 are arranged above and on one side of the sample piece 2, a horizontal hydraulic jack 5 is arranged on the outer side of the pressing plate 4 on one side of the sample piece 2, a reaction plate 13 is arranged on the outer side of the horizontal hydraulic jack 5, steel plates 16 are arranged on two sides of the upper portion of the pressing plate 4 above the sample piece 2, a rolling row sliding belt 19 is arranged above each side of each steel plate 16, the steel plates 16 are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the upper portion of the rolling row sliding belt 19, the upper portion of each steel plate 16 is tightly attached to the pressing plate 4 of a vertical hydraulic jack 6, the upper portion of the vertical hydraulic jack 6 is tightly propped against the central position of a top plate 10 through a force transmission steel column, the reaction plate 13 and an i-steel 17, a plurality, a semicircular groove 15 is formed in the center of the upper surface of a pressure applying plate 4 above a sample part 2, a semicircular reset head 18 is connected to the center of the lower surface of the pressure applying plate 4 above the corresponding position through a connecting column, the reset head 18 is sunk into the semicircular groove 15, a guide device 7 is arranged between a horizontal hydraulic jack 5 and a vertical hydraulic jack 6, the guide device 7 comprises a mounting plate 71 with a plug plate and a mounting head 72 with a slot, the slot is embedded into the plug plate and fixed, the rear part of the mounting plate 71 is embedded into the side wall of a foundation pit 1, the mounting head 72 is in a square shape, rectangular grooves are formed in the lower surface and the outer side surface of the mounting head 72, a sliding rod 73 is welded in the rectangular grooves, guide rods 74 are sleeved on the sliding rods 73, one end of each guide rod 74 is provided with a through hole 75 and is sleeved on the sliding rod 73, and the other end of each, the inner side surface of the displacement groove 8 is provided with a buffer belt 9, one end of a reaction plate 13 outside the horizontal hydraulic jack 5 is provided with an L-shaped clamping groove plate 14, the inner side of the L-shaped clamping groove plate 14 is a soil filling layer 12, the reaction plate 13 is clamped outside the soil filling layer 12, a percentage detection table 3 is arranged above a pressing plate 4 of the vertical hydraulic jack 6 and the other side surface of the sample piece 2, and an anti-slip ring 76 is arranged inside the ring.
In the actual test, a 100t hydraulic jack is adopted, the positions of a horizontal hydraulic jack 5 and a vertical hydraulic jack 6 are respectively aligned with the gravity center horizontal line and the vertical normal line of a sample piece 2, the jack and an oil tank are connected through an oil pipe, and the assembled direct shear test device is debugged, the test adopts a slow shear method, the vertical load is applied in 4 stages according to the design standard, the value of a dial indicator is immediately read after each stage of loading, the vertical deformation is observed once every 5min, the next stage of load can be applied if the vertical deformation is not more than 0.05mm within 5min, the transverse thrust can be applied until the whole preset designed load is applied, the maximum thrust is continuously and uniformly applied by referring to the c and phi values of the same lithology, meanwhile, the thrust is applied in 4 stages, the reading of the dial indicator of each stage is required to be accurately recorded, and whether the horizontal displacement exceeds 0.05mm or not is observed every 5m in, no more next level loading can be performed. If the condition of test termination is not reached after the step 4, the load is applied according to the load of the previous step until the test termination condition is met. According to the regulations of the on-site direct shear test protocol (YS522122000), when the shear deformation is increased, the pressure value of a horizontal pressure gauge is reduced or the ratio of the transverse displacement to the width of a test sample reaches 1/10, the shear failure is determined.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and features of the present invention, together with the advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a ground direct shear test device which characterized in that: the foundation pit is characterized in that a displacement groove is formed in the edge positions of two sides of the foundation pit, a sample piece is arranged in the foundation pit, pressing plates are arranged on the top and one side of the sample piece, a horizontal hydraulic jack is arranged on the outer side of the pressing plate on one side of the sample piece, a reaction plate is arranged on the outer side of the horizontal hydraulic jack, steel plates are arranged on two sides of the pressing plate above the sample piece, a rolling and discharging slide belt is arranged above each side of the steel plates, the two sides of the rolling and discharging slide belt are correspondingly placed on the steel plates, the pressing plates connected with vertical hydraulic jacks are tightly attached to the upper sides of the steel plates, the vertical hydraulic jacks are tightly attached to the center of a top plate through force transmission steel columns, the reaction plates and I-shaped steel jacks in sequence, a plurality of sand bags are placed above the top plate, two sides of the top plate are pressed into the displacement groove, a semicircular groove is formed in the center of the upper surface of the pressing plate above the sample Position department is connected with semi-circular reset head through the spliced pole, the reset head be absorbed in inside the semicircular groove, horizontal hydraulic jack and vertical hydraulic jack between be equipped with guider, guider including the mounting panel that has the picture peg and the installation head that has the slot, the slot embedding inside fixed and the mounting panel rear of picture peg pre-buried inside the foundation ditch lateral wall, the installation head for the square shape and below and all process the rectangular channel with the lateral surface, the inside welding of rectangular channel have the slide bar, the slide bar on all overlap and be equipped with the guide bar, guide bar one end be equipped with through-hole and suit on the slide bar and the other end through the flexible section of lasso difference suit at horizontal hydraulic jack and vertical hydraulic jack.
2. The rock-soil direct shear test device of claim 1, characterized in that: and a buffer belt is arranged on the inner side surface of the displacement groove.
3. The rock-soil direct shear test device of claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the horizontal hydraulic jack outer side reaction plate is provided with an L-shaped clamping groove plate, the inner side of the L-shaped clamping groove plate is a fill layer, and the outer side of the L-shaped clamping groove plate is clamped with the reaction plate.
4. The rock-soil direct shear test device of claim 1, characterized in that: and a percentage detection meter is arranged above the pressing plate of the vertical hydraulic jack and on the other side surface of the sample piece.
5. The rock-soil direct shear test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the inside of the ferrule is provided with an anti-skid ring.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010980556.7A CN112113859A (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2020-09-17 | Ground direct shear test device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010980556.7A CN112113859A (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2020-09-17 | Ground direct shear test device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112113859A true CN112113859A (en) | 2020-12-22 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010980556.7A Pending CN112113859A (en) | 2020-09-17 | 2020-09-17 | Ground direct shear test device |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN112113859A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114858621A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-08-05 | 四川省公路规划勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Mud rock on-site direct shear test method and equipment |
-
2020
- 2020-09-17 CN CN202010980556.7A patent/CN112113859A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114858621A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-08-05 | 四川省公路规划勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Mud rock on-site direct shear test method and equipment |
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