CN112113456A - Heat exchanger header structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a header structure of a heat exchanger, comprising an end plate, a plurality of header groups are arranged side by side on the outer side of the end plate, and each header group is composed of a steam inlet header and a drain header arranged side by side, A plurality of second through holes are arranged on the inner side plate of the header of each steam inlet header, and a plurality of third through holes are arranged on the inner side plate of the header of each drain header. The second through holes are connected to the first through holes on the connecting end plate, and each third through hole on each drainage header is connected to the first through holes on the connecting end plate, on the upper part of the outer plate of each steam inlet header. There are inlets, the inlets of the steam inlet headers in all the header groups are connected with the steam inlet branch pipes at the same time, and the steam inlet pipe flanges are arranged on the steam inlet branch pipes; there is an outlet at the lower part of the outer plate of each drain header , the outlets of the hydrophobic headers in all the header groups are connected with the hydrophobic branch pipe at the same time, and the hydrophobic pipe flange is provided on the hydrophobic branch pipe. The invention has the advantage of improving the use stability of the heat exchanger.

Description

A heat exchanger header structure

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers for energy-saving and emission-reduction in the optimized utilization of flue gas, in particular to a header structure of a heat exchanger.

Background technique

At present, the air pollution problem in my country is very serious. The complex air pollution problems such as haze, photochemical smog and acid rain are still prominent. It is imperative to increase the comprehensive improvement of the atmospheric environment. Control of air pollutants in key industries such as power plants and coal-fired industrial boilers. At present, most of the flue gas from the electric power, steel, coking, and chemical industries in China is sprayed or wet desulfurized before being discharged, and the temperature is lowered to 45~55 °C. The flue gas at this time is usually saturated wet flue gas. The gas contains a lot of water vapor, and the water vapor contains more soluble salts, SO3, gel dust, fine dust and other components that can form haze; if the flue gas is directly discharged from the chimney, it enters the lower temperature ambient air , Because the saturated humidity of the ambient air is relatively low, in the process of reducing the temperature of the flue gas, the water vapor in the flue gas will condense to form colored plumes. "Gypsum Rain". In order to avoid the formation of white flocs and damage to the chimney when the low temperature saturated flue gas is discharged into the outside through the chimney, it is generally necessary to install a heat exchange device for heating the low temperature saturated flue gas in the flue.

The structure of the heat exchange device currently used is as follows: it includes two end plates distributed on the left and right, and a number of heat exchange tubes are supported at a parallel interval from top to bottom between the two end plates, and all the heat exchange tubes pass through a number of elbows Connecting end to end to form a number of independent parallel serpentine heat exchange pipelines, the inlets of all serpentine heat exchange pipelines are connected to an inlet header at the same time, and the outlets of all serpentine heat exchange pipelines are simultaneously connected to an outlet header. box is connected. The above-mentioned heat exchange device has the following disadvantages: (1) Due to the large number of elbows, welding elbows not only takes a long time and labor intensity of workers, but also easily has welding defects in the weld, which affects the safety of the heat exchanger; (2) Due to the large number of elbows, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchanger is prone to swirl when it flows through the elbows in the tube side, which will cause the heat exchange tube to vibrate violently when it is working, which will affect the stability of the heat exchanger. It will also aggravate the friction between the heat exchange tube and the bracket, and there is a hidden danger of leakage, which will reduce the service life of the heat exchanger; (3) The heat exchanger is only equipped with one inlet header and one outlet header, when the inlet header or outlet header When the header fails, the whole heat exchanger needs to be shut down for maintenance, and the online maintenance of the heat exchanger cannot be realized.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger header structure that can improve the stability of the heat exchanger in use.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a header structure of a heat exchanger, comprising an end plate, a plurality of first through holes for inserting the pipe ends of the heat exchange tubes are arranged on the end plate, and the end plate The first through holes are arranged in several rows of first through hole groups, and several header groups are arranged side by side on the outer side of the end plate. Each steam inlet header and drain header respectively correspond to a row of first through hole groups, and a plurality of second through holes are arranged from top to bottom on the inner side plate of the header facing the end plate of each steam inlet header. A number of third through holes are arranged from top to bottom on the inner side plate of the header facing the end plate of each drain header, and the second through hole of the steam inlet header in each header group is connected to the third through hole of the drain header. The three through holes correspond one by one, each second through hole on each steam inlet header is connected to a corresponding first through hole on the end plate through the first steam inlet connecting pipe, and each second through hole on each drain header The third through hole is connected to a corresponding first through hole on the end plate through the first hydrophobic connecting pipe, and an inlet is provided on the upper part of the outer side plate of the header of the steam inlet header in each header group. The inlets of the steam inlet headers are respectively connected with the steam inlet branch pipes through the second steam inlet connection pipes. One end of the steam inlet branch pipes is closed and the other end is open. The open end of the steam inlet branch pipes is provided with a steam inlet pipe flange. ; An outlet is provided at the lower part of the outer side plate of the header of the hydrophobic header in each header group, and the outlets of the hydrophobic headers in all the header groups are respectively connected with the hydrophobic branch pipe through the second hydrophobic connecting pipe, and the outlet of the hydrophobic branch pipe is respectively connected with the hydrophobic branch pipe. One end is closed and the other end is open, and the open end of the hydrophobic branch pipe is provided with a hydrophobic pipe flange.

Further, in the aforementioned structure of a heat exchanger header, wherein: the structure of the steam inlet header includes: a steam inlet header body with a U-shaped cross section, and a steam inlet header used to close the open end of the steam inlet header body The box sealing plate, the second through hole that is connected with the first through hole on the end plate is arranged on the inner side plate of the header on the steam inlet header body facing the end plate, and the inlet communicated with the steam inlet branch pipe is arranged at On the upper side wall of the inlet header sealing plate.

Further, in the aforementioned structure of a heat exchanger header, wherein: the structure of the hydrophobic header includes: a hydrophobic header body with a U-shaped cross section, and a hydrophobic header sealing plate used to close the open end of the hydrophobic header body, The third through hole that is connected with the first through hole on the end plate is arranged on the inner side plate of the header facing the end plate on the main body of the hydrophobic header, and the outlet communicated with the drainage branch pipe is arranged on the sealing plate of the drainage header. on the lower side wall.

Further, in the above-mentioned header structure of the heat exchanger, a plurality of hoisting holes are arranged on the upper part of the end plate to facilitate hoisting.

Further, in the aforementioned header structure of the heat exchanger, a plurality of reinforced flat steels are fixed on the end plates.

Further, the aforesaid header structure of a heat exchanger, wherein: in each first inlet steam connection pipe, each second inlet steam connection pipe, each first hydrophobic connection pipe, and each second hydrophobic connection pipe The valves are respectively provided with valves for opening and closing the corresponding connecting pipes.

Through the implementation of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The elbows are replaced by the header, which reduces the number of elbows, makes the heat exchange medium in the heat exchanger flow more smoothly in the tube side, and reduces the need for replacement. The degree of shaking of the heat pipe during operation improves the operation stability of the heat exchanger; reduces the friction between the heat exchange pipe and the bracket, eliminates the hidden danger of leakage, and prolongs the effective service life of the heat exchanger; (2) By replacing the elbow with the header, The number of elbows is reduced, which reduces the welding operation of elbows and reduces the labor intensity of workers; (3) It is easy to assemble, and can realize online maintenance of the faulty header group without shutting down the entire heat exchanger, which improves the work efficiency. efficiency.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a header structure of a heat exchanger according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of FIG. 1 when viewed from the right.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 in a top view.

FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of FIG. 1 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a steam inlet header body of the steam inlet header in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a steam inlet header sealing plate of the steam inlet header in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydrophobic header body of the hydrophobic header in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydrophobic header sealing plate of the hydrophobic header in FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, the above-mentioned header structure of a heat exchanger includes an end plate 1, and is arranged on the end plate 1 There are a number of first through holes for inserting the tube ends of the heat exchange tubes, the first through holes on the end plate 1 are arranged into several rows of first through hole groups, and a number of headers are arranged side by side on the outside of the end plate 1 in sequence. Each header group is composed of steam inlet headers 2 and drain headers 3 arranged side by side. A number of second through holes 4 are arranged from top to bottom on the inner side plate of the header facing the end plate 1 on the box 2, and the inner side plate of the header facing the end plate 1 on each hydrophobic header 3 is from top to bottom. A number of third through holes 5 are arranged at the bottom, and the second through holes 4 of the steam inlet header 2 in each header group correspond to the third through holes 5 of the drain header 3 one-to-one. Each second through hole 4 is connected to a corresponding first through hole on the end plate 1 through the first steam inlet connection pipe 6, and each third through hole 5 on each hydrophobic header 3 is connected by the first hydrophobic connection. The pipe 7 is connected to a corresponding first through hole on the end plate 1, an inlet 8 is provided on the upper part of the outer side plate of the header of the steam inlet header 2 in each header group, and the steam inlet headers in all the header groups The inlets 8 of 2 are respectively communicated with the steam inlet branch pipe 10 through the second steam inlet connecting pipe 9. One end of the steam inlet branch pipe 10 is closed and the other end is open. The open end of the steam inlet branch pipe 10 is provided with a steam inlet pipe method. Lan 11; an outlet 12 is provided at the lower part of the header outer plate of the hydrophobic header 3 in each header group, and the outlets 12 of the hydrophobic headers 3 in all the header groups pass through the second hydrophobic connecting pipe 13 simultaneously with the hydrophobic The branch pipes 14 are connected, one end of the hydrophobic branch pipe 14 is closed and the other end is open, and a hydrophobic pipe flange 15 is arranged on the open end of the hydrophobic branch pipe 14;

In this embodiment, the structure of the steam inlet header 2 includes: a steam inlet header body 21 with a U-shaped cross section, and a steam inlet header sealing plate 22 for closing the open end of the steam inlet header body 21 , and the end The first through hole on the plate 1 is connected to the second through hole 4, which is arranged on the inner side plate of the header on the main body 21 of the steam inlet header facing the end plate 1, and the inlet 8 that communicates with the steam inlet branch pipe 10 is arranged at the inner side of the header. On the upper side wall of the steam inlet header sealing plate 22, the above-mentioned steam inlet header has a simple structure and is easy to disassemble, assemble and maintain; in this embodiment, the structure of the drain header 3 includes: the drain header body 31 with a U-shaped cross section. , and a hydrophobic header sealing plate 32 for closing the open end of the hydrophobic header body 31 , and a third through hole 5 that is connected to the first through hole on the end plate 1 and is disposed on the opposite end of the hydrophobic header body 31 On the inner side plate of the header of the plate 1, the outlet 12 connected with the hydrophobic branch pipe 14 is arranged on the lower side wall of the sealing plate 32 of the hydrophobic header. The above-mentioned hydrophobic header has a simple structure and is easy to disassemble and maintain; in this embodiment, The upper part of the end plate 1 is provided with a number of hoisting holes 16 that are convenient for hoisting, so that the entire header can be moved through the hoisting holes during driving; The overall strength of the box, thereby increasing the overall strength of the heat exchanger and improving the safety of the heat exchanger;

In this embodiment, each first steam inlet connection pipe 6 , each second steam inlet connection pipe 9 , each first hydrophobic connection pipe 7 , and each second hydrophobic connection pipe 13 are respectively provided with openings for opening and closing. Close the valve 18 corresponding to the connecting pipe, so that when a certain header group fails, the first inlet steam connection pipe 6 and the second steam inlet can be closed by closing the first steam inlet connection pipe 6 and the second steam inlet connected to the steam inlet header 2 in the failed header group. The valve 18 on the connecting pipe 9 is closed, and the valve 18 on the first hydrophobic connecting pipe 7 and the second hydrophobic connecting pipe 13 which are connected to the hydrophobic header 3 in the faulty header group is closed at the same time, so as to realize the faulty header. It is not necessary to shut down the entire heat exchanger for on-line maintenance, which improves the work efficiency.

The assembly process of the heat exchanger using this header structure is as follows: take the other end plate, and the end plate is also provided with a number of first through holes for inserting the tube ends of the heat exchange tubes, and the first through holes on the end plate 1 are also provided. The through holes correspond one-to-one with the first through holes on the end plate 1 of the header structure, and each pair of first through holes between the two end plates supports heat exchange tubes, that is, the inlet steam of each header group The header 2 will be connected to a row of heat exchange tubes, the drain header 3 of each header group will also be connected to a row of heat exchange tubes, and the steam inlet header of each header group corresponds to a row of heat exchange tubes and its drain header. Corresponding rows of heat exchange tubes are connected with each other through several elbows, so that the steam inlet header 2 and the drain header 3 of each header group form independent heat exchange pipelines through the heat exchange tubes and elbows. The heat pipes are relatively independent and do not communicate with each other; when the heat exchanger is working, the high temperature steam is passed into the steam inlet branch pipe 10 through the steam inlet pipe flange 11, and the high temperature steam entering the steam inlet branch pipe 10 passes through the second steam inlet connection pipes 9 and 10. The inlet 8 is allocated to each steam inlet header 2, and the high temperature steam in each steam inlet header 2 is distributed to each heat exchange tube through each first steam inlet connection pipe 6. When the high temperature steam flows through the heat exchange tube, it will interact with the smoke. The flue gas in the duct conducts heat exchange, thereby heating the flue gas, and the condensed water formed after the heat exchange of the high-temperature flue gas will enter each drainage header 3 through each first drainage connecting pipe 7, and the condensed water in each drainage header 3 will pass through Each of the second hydrophobic connecting pipes 13 is merged into the hydrophobic branch pipe 14 and then discharged through the hydrophobic pipe flange 15 .

The advantages of the present invention are: (1) The number of elbows is reduced by replacing the elbows by the header, so that the heat exchange medium in the heat exchanger flows more smoothly in the tube side, and the degree of shaking of the heat exchange tubes during operation is reduced, Improve the operation stability of the heat exchanger; reduce the friction between the heat exchange tube and the bracket, eliminate the hidden danger of leakage, and prolong the effective service life of the heat exchanger; (2) The elbow is replaced by the header, which reduces the number of elbows, thereby reducing the number of elbows. The elbow welding operation is reduced, and the labor intensity of the workers is reduced; (3) the assembly is convenient, and the online maintenance of the faulty header group can be realized without shutting down the entire heat exchanger, which improves the work efficiency.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any other form, and any modifications or equivalent changes made according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a heat exchanger header structure, includes the end plate, is provided with a plurality of first through-holes that are used for supplying heat exchange tube pipe end male on the end plate, and first through-hole on the end plate arranges into a plurality of first through-hole groups of being listed as, its characterized in that: a plurality of header groups are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the end plate in parallel, each header group consists of a steam inlet header and a water drainage header which are arranged in parallel, each steam inlet header and the water drainage header respectively correspond to a row of first through hole groups, a plurality of second through holes are arranged on a header inner side plate which is right opposite to the end plate on each steam inlet header from top to bottom, a plurality of third through holes are arranged on a header inner side plate which is right opposite to the end plate on each water drainage header from top to bottom, the second through holes of the steam inlet headers in each header group correspond to the third through holes of the water drainage headers one by one, each second through hole on each steam inlet header is in butt joint with a corresponding first through hole on the end plate through a first steam inlet connecting pipe, each third through hole on each water drainage header is in butt joint with a corresponding first through hole on the end plate through a first water drainage connecting pipe, an inlet is arranged at the upper part of the header outer side plate of the steam inlet headers in each header group, inlets of steam inlet headers in all the header groups are communicated with the steam inlet branch pipes through second steam inlet connecting pipes, one ends of the steam inlet branch pipes are closed, the other ends of the steam inlet branch pipes are open, and steam inlet pipe flanges are arranged at the open ends of the steam inlet branch pipes; the header outer side plate lower part of the drainage header in each header group is provided with an outlet, the outlets of the drainage headers in all the header groups are communicated with the drainage branch pipes through second drainage connecting pipes respectively, one ends of the drainage branch pipes are closed, the other ends of the drainage branch pipes are open, and drainage pipe flanges are arranged at the open ends of the drainage branch pipes.

2. The heat exchanger header structure according to claim 1, wherein: the structure of admission header includes: the steam inlet header body is U-shaped in cross section, the steam inlet header sealing plate is used for sealing the open end of the steam inlet header body, the second through hole which is in butt joint communication with the first through hole in the end plate is arranged on the header inner side plate, which is opposite to the end plate, on the steam inlet header body, and the inlet which is communicated with the steam inlet branch pipe is arranged on the upper side wall of the steam inlet header sealing plate.

3. The heat exchanger header structure according to claim 1, wherein: the structure of the hydrophobic header comprises: the drainage header body is U-shaped in cross section, the drainage header sealing plate is used for sealing the open end of the drainage header body, the third through hole in butt joint communication with the first through hole in the end plate is formed in the header inner side plate, opposite to the end plate, of the drainage header body, and the outlet communicated with the drainage branch pipe is formed in the side wall of the lower portion of the drainage header sealing plate.

4. A heat exchanger header structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the upper part of the end plate is provided with a plurality of lifting holes convenient for lifting.

5. A heat exchanger header structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: a plurality of reinforced flat steels are fixed on the end plates.

6. A heat exchanger header structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein: and valves for opening and closing the corresponding connecting pipes are respectively arranged on each first steam inlet connecting pipe, each second steam inlet connecting pipe, each first hydrophobic connecting pipe and each second hydrophobic connecting pipe.

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