CN112104302A - Brush DC motor locked rotor detection and protection device - Google Patents
Brush DC motor locked rotor detection and protection device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112104302A CN112104302A CN202010775076.7A CN202010775076A CN112104302A CN 112104302 A CN112104302 A CN 112104302A CN 202010775076 A CN202010775076 A CN 202010775076A CN 112104302 A CN112104302 A CN 112104302A
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- Prior art keywords
- resistor
- capacitor
- direct current
- main control
- current motor
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/02—Providing protection against overload without automatic interruption of supply
- H02P29/024—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load
- H02P29/027—Detecting a fault condition, e.g. short circuit, locked rotor, open circuit or loss of load the fault being an over-current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/0811—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors for dc motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/0833—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors for electric motors with control arrangements
- H02H7/0844—Fail safe control, e.g. by comparing control signal and controlled current, isolating motor on commutation error
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/085—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load
- H02H7/0854—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against excessive load responsive to rate of change of current, couple or speed, e.g. anti-kickback protection
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a brush direct current motor locked-rotor detection and protection device which comprises a main control chip, a motor driving unit, a direct current motor and a sampling circuit. The motor driving unit is composed of a driving circuit and an MOSFET, and the sampling circuit is composed of a sampling resistor and an operational amplifier chip. The sampling circuit is connected with the direct current motor, and the main control chip is connected with the sampling circuit and simultaneously connected with the direct current motor through the motor driving unit. The invention has simple structure, accurate detection and wide applicability, and can be applied to various occasions needing to detect and protect the locked-rotor fault of the brush direct current motor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motor locked-rotor detection and protection, in particular to a device for detecting and protecting the locked-rotor of a brushed direct-current motor.
Background
In the automotive industry, dc motors are widely used in cooling fan systems. The locked rotor fault is the most common fault, and if the fault cannot be accurately identified and protected, the temperature of the motor is increased for a long time, and the motor and a circuit are easily damaged; meanwhile, the heat dissipation performance of the whole vehicle can be influenced due to the fact that the fan cannot normally operate. The existing identification and protection of locked rotor faults are mostly realized by means of hardware circuits and fusing devices, and have short places with poor universality and unrecoverable property, because the circuit breaking pieces of the fusing devices are mostly welded and fixed, the circuit breaking pieces can break after reaching a melting point so as to achieve the purpose of circuit breaking, and the disconnection mode is irreversible.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a device for detecting and protecting a locked-rotor of a brushed dc motor to solve the above problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a device for detecting and protecting the locked rotor of a brush direct current motor comprises a main control chip, a motor driving unit, a direct current motor and a sampling circuit. The motor driving unit is composed of a driving circuit and an MOSFET, and the sampling circuit is composed of a sampling resistor and an operational amplifier chip.
Preferably, the source electrode of the MOSFET is connected to the 3 rd resistor, the 4 th resistor and the positive electrode of the dc motor, the other end of the 4 th resistor is connected to the 5 th resistor, the 1 st capacitor and the 15 th pin of the main control chip, the other end of the 5 th resistor is grounded, and the other end of the 1 st capacitor is grounded.
Preferably, the sampling resistor is respectively connected with the negative electrode of the direct current motor and the 13 th resistor, and the other end of the sampling resistor is grounded. The other end of the 13 th resistor is respectively connected with a 12 th resistor, a 5 th capacitor, a 14 th resistor, a 3 rd capacitor and a 6 th pin of the operational amplifier chip. The other end of the 12 th resistor is connected with a 5V power supply, the other end of the 5 th capacitor is grounded, and the other end of the 14 th resistor is respectively connected with the 6 th capacitor, the 7 th capacitor and the 3 rd pin of the operational amplifier chip.
Preferably, the 1 st pin of the operational amplifier chip is connected with a 15 th resistor and a 17 th resistor respectively. The other end of the 15 th resistor is respectively connected with the 8 th capacitor and the 16 th pin of the main control chip.
Preferably, the 7 th pin of the operational amplifier chip is connected with a 10 th resistor and an 11 th resistor respectively. The other end of the 10 th resistor is connected with a 5V power supply, the other end of the 11 th resistor is respectively connected with the 4 th capacitor and the 17 th pin of the main control chip, and the other end of the 4 th capacitor is grounded.
Preferably, the main control chip is provided with a programming port, and the programming can be performed on the main control chip through the programming port.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can rapidly detect the locked rotor fault and cut off the output of the motor by the main control chip, the sampling circuit and the driving unit in cooperation with the locked rotor detection algorithm, thereby protecting the motor. When the locked rotor fault is identified to disappear, the normal output of the motor can be recovered. The software in the main control chip is modified by adjusting the locked rotor detection algorithm parameters, so that the method can be suitable for different application occasions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sampling circuit diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a first circuit schematic of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second circuit schematic of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a third schematic circuit diagram of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a fourth schematic circuit diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment is a device for detecting and protecting a locked rotor of a brushed dc motor, and the device includes a main control chip, a motor driving unit, a dc motor, and a sampling circuit, where the motor driving unit includes a driving circuit and a MOSFET, and the sampling circuit includes an operational amplifier chip.
The master control chip passes through drive circuit and connects MOSFET's grid, drives the direct current motor operation, direct current motor positive pole is connected to master control chip U1's AD collection port through resistance R4 and R5 partial pressure, and master control chip U1 gathers the function through built-in AD, gathers the voltage at direct current motor both ends in real time.
The negative pole of direct current motor connects the one end of sampling resistance R7, is connected to the one end of resistance R13 simultaneously, sampling resistance R7 other end ground connection, the negative input of operational amplifier U2A and the one end of resistance R14 are connected to the resistance R13 other end, the positive input of operational amplifier U2B is connected to the other end of resistance R14.
The operational amplifier U2A, the resistor R8, the resistor R9, the resistor R10, the resistor R11, the capacitor C2, the capacitor C3 and the capacitor C4 form a comparison circuit, one end of the resistor R11 is connected with the 7 th pin of the operational amplifier U2A, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the external interrupt input pin of the main control chip U1 through the network CURRENT _ OVER. The master control chip U1 can quickly process the output result of the comparison circuit by responding to an external interrupt. When the motor is locked, the flowing current is increased, the voltage at the two ends of the sampling resistor R9 is increased to a comparison threshold value, the output of the comparison circuit is effective, the main control chip can quickly respond, the PWM output is quickly cut off through software, the MOSFET is closed, and the motor is protected.
The operational amplifier U2B, the resistor R14, the resistor R15, the resistor R16, the resistor R17, the capacitor C6, the capacitor C7 and the capacitor C8 form an amplifying circuit, one end of the resistor R15 is connected with the 1 st pin of the operational amplifier U2B, and the other end of the resistor R15 is connected with the AD sampling input pin of the main control chip U1 through the network CURRENT _ MTR. The main control chip U1 collects the output of the amplifying circuit in real time through the built-in AD sampling function and converts the output into the current flowing through the motor.
And analyzing the acquired voltage and current through a locked rotor detection algorithm in the main control chip, judging whether the motor is locked rotor or not, stopping PWM (pulse width modulation) output if a locked rotor fault is detected, and closing the MOSFET (metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor) protection motor.
The main control chip U1 is provided with a programming port P1, and programming can be performed on the main control chip U1 through the programming port P1.
The locked rotor detection method and the locked rotor protection method comprise the following steps:
A. the main control chip U1 outputs a PWM signal, and the MOSFET Q1 is switched by a driving circuit, so that the voltage applied to both ends of the dc motor M1 is changed to drive the motor M1 to operate. And the voltage at the two ends of the motor M1 and the current flowing through the motor M1 are collected through a sampling circuit.
B. The positive electrode of the direct current motor M1 is divided by a resistor R4 and a resistor R5, connected to an AD acquisition input pin of the main control chip U1 through a VOLTAGE _ MTR network, and converted by AD acquisition in the main control chip U1, so that the VOLTAGE at two ends of the motor M1 can be calculated.
C. The operational amplifier chip of the sampling circuit is internally provided with two operational amplifiers, namely U2A and U2B.
D. As shown in fig. 2, U2A constitutes a comparator circuit whose input is the terminal voltage of the sampling resistor R7, i.e., the current flowing through the motor M1. The output of the comparator circuit is connected to the external interrupt input pin of the master control chip U1. When the comparison output is effective, the external interruption of the main control chip U1 is triggered, the main control chip U1 can act rapidly, the PWM output is closed, the MOSFET Q1 is turned off, the output of the motor M1 is cut off, and the motor is protected. By adjusting the resistors R8 and R9, the comparison threshold can be modified to accommodate different applications.
E. The U2B constitutes an amplifying circuit, the input of which is the terminal voltage across the sampling resistor R7, i.e. the current flowing through the motor M1, and the output of which is connected to the AD acquisition input pin 17 of the main control chip U1. The current value flowing through the motor M1 can be calculated by AD acquisition and conversion.
F. The main control chip U1 samples the voltage of the M1 terminal of the motor and the current flowing through the motor in real time, and whether the motor is locked or not can be judged according to the relation between the voltage and the current. If the locked rotor happens, the main control chip U1 can respond quickly, the PWM output of the chip is closed, and the MOSFET protection motor is closed. When the locked rotor fault disappears, the main control chip U1 can also detect in time to recover the output of the motor.
Through a locked rotor detection algorithm based on the voltage and the current of the motor terminal, the locked rotor fault of the motor can be accurately identified. The principle is that if the motor is locked, the counter potential is zero, and the current flowing through the motor is larger than the maximum current of normal operation under the same terminal voltage. And the software algorithm sets corresponding current comparison threshold values according to different terminal voltages, so that the locked rotor fault can be judged.
In conclusion, the motor stalling protection device is simple in structure principle, can quickly and accurately detect the motor stalling fault and protect the motor, and prevents the motor from being jammed, generating heat and other faults. By modifying the hardware parameters and the software parameters, the method can be applied to various occasions with requirements and has good universality.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a brush direct current motor locked rotor detects and protection device, includes main control chip, motor drive unit, direct current motor and sampling circuit, motor drive unit comprises drive circuit and MOSFET, and sampling circuit comprises sampling resistor and operational amplifier chip.
2. The brushed direct current motor stall detection and protection device of claim 1, wherein: the comparison circuit is connected between the main control chip and the operational amplifier chip.
3. The brushed direct current motor stall detection and protection device of claim 2, wherein: the operational amplifier chip of the sampling circuit is internally provided with two operational amplifiers, namely U2A and U2B, the operational amplifier U2A, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R10, a resistor R11, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3 and a capacitor C4 form a comparison circuit, one end of the resistor R11 is connected with a 7 th pin of the operational amplifier U2A, and the other end of the resistor R11 is connected with an external interrupt input pin of a main control chip U1 through a network CURRENT _ OVER.
4. The brushed direct current motor stall detection and protection device of claim 1, wherein: the source electrode of the MOSFET is respectively connected with the 3 rd resistor, the 4 th resistor and the positive electrode of the direct current motor, the other end of the 4 th resistor is respectively connected with the 5 th resistor, the 1 st capacitor and the 15 th pin of the main control chip, the other end of the 5 th resistor is grounded, and the other end of the 1 st capacitor is grounded.
5. The brushed direct current motor stall detection and protection device of claim 1, wherein: the sampling resistor is connected with the negative pole of the direct current motor and the 13 th resistor respectively, the other end of the sampling resistor is grounded, the other end of the 13 th resistor is connected with the 6 th pin of the 12 th resistor, the 5 th capacitor, the 14 th resistor, the 3 rd capacitor and the operational amplifier chip respectively, the 12 th resistor is connected with the other end of the 5 th volt power supply, the 5 th capacitor is grounded, and the 14 th resistor is connected with the 3 rd pin of the 6 th capacitor, the 7 th capacitor and the operational amplifier chip respectively.
6. The brushed direct current motor stall detection and protection device of claim 1, wherein: the 1 st pin of the operational amplifier chip is respectively connected with a 15 th resistor and a 17 th resistor, and the other end of the 15 th resistor is respectively connected with an 8 th capacitor and a 16 th pin of the main control chip.
7. The brushed direct current motor stall detection and protection device of claim 1, wherein: the 7 th pin of the operational amplifier chip is respectively connected with a 10 th resistor and an 11 th resistor, the other end of the 10 th resistor is connected with a 5V power supply, the other end of the 11 th resistor is respectively connected with a 4 th capacitor and a 17 th pin of the main control chip, and the other end of the 4 th capacitor is grounded.
8. The brushed direct current motor stall detection and protection device of claim 1, wherein: the main control chip is provided with a programming port, and programming can be performed on the main control chip through the programming port.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010775076.7A CN112104302A (en) | 2020-08-05 | 2020-08-05 | Brush DC motor locked rotor detection and protection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010775076.7A CN112104302A (en) | 2020-08-05 | 2020-08-05 | Brush DC motor locked rotor detection and protection device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112104302A true CN112104302A (en) | 2020-12-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010775076.7A Pending CN112104302A (en) | 2020-08-05 | 2020-08-05 | Brush DC motor locked rotor detection and protection device |
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| CN (1) | CN112104302A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113013840A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-22 | 深圳市太美亚电子科技有限公司 | Water shortage protection circuit and method for tooth washing device |
| CN113131442A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-07-16 | 深圳市太美亚电子科技有限公司 | Locked-rotor protection circuit and method for tooth washing device |
| CN113917222A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-11 | 无锡金田电子有限公司 | Method for calculating overload current of direct current brushless motor and protection device |
| CN114325383A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-12 | 中国人民解放军总参谋部第六十研究所 | Brushless motor winding fault detection system and method for unmanned helicopter |
| CN115184636A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-10-14 | 宁波赛福汽车制动有限公司 | Direct current motor rotating speed real-time estimation circuit and method |
| CN115425909A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2022-12-02 | 江苏新安电器股份有限公司 | Software algorithm for improving locked-rotor protection effect of motor |
| CN117978045A (en) * | 2024-04-01 | 2024-05-03 | 深圳新智联软件有限公司 | Method, circuit, device, medium and equipment for controlling locked rotor of direct current motor of projector |
-
2020
- 2020-08-05 CN CN202010775076.7A patent/CN112104302A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113013840A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-22 | 深圳市太美亚电子科技有限公司 | Water shortage protection circuit and method for tooth washing device |
| CN113131442A (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-07-16 | 深圳市太美亚电子科技有限公司 | Locked-rotor protection circuit and method for tooth washing device |
| CN113917222A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-11 | 无锡金田电子有限公司 | Method for calculating overload current of direct current brushless motor and protection device |
| CN114325383A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-04-12 | 中国人民解放军总参谋部第六十研究所 | Brushless motor winding fault detection system and method for unmanned helicopter |
| CN115184636A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-10-14 | 宁波赛福汽车制动有限公司 | Direct current motor rotating speed real-time estimation circuit and method |
| CN115184636B (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2023-11-24 | 宁波赛福汽车制动有限公司 | DC motor rotating speed real-time estimation circuit and method |
| CN115425909A (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2022-12-02 | 江苏新安电器股份有限公司 | Software algorithm for improving locked-rotor protection effect of motor |
| CN115425909B (en) * | 2022-09-14 | 2023-12-01 | 江苏新安电器股份有限公司 | Software algorithm for improving motor locked rotor protection effect |
| CN117978045A (en) * | 2024-04-01 | 2024-05-03 | 深圳新智联软件有限公司 | Method, circuit, device, medium and equipment for controlling locked rotor of direct current motor of projector |
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