CN112098758B - Test platform and test method for extra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode - Google Patents
Test platform and test method for extra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test platform and a test method for an extra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode, wherein the test platform comprises: the system comprises an isometric scaling deep well grounding system, an isolation type direct current power supply, a measurement control system, a current test lead, a voltage test lead and a remote temporary grounding electrode; one end of an isolation type direct current power supply is connected with the equal-ratio scaling deep well grounding system, and the other end of the isolation type direct current power supply is connected with a remote temporary grounding electrode through a current test wire and a voltage test wire so as to simulate the operating condition of single-pole grounding of the extra-high voltage direct current transmission line; the measurement control system is used for monitoring operation parameters in the isometric scaling deep well grounding system, and the operation parameters comprise current and temperature. According to the invention, a loop is formed between the isometric scaling deep well grounding system and the remote temporary grounding electrode through the ground, so that the operation condition of single-pole grounding of the ultra-high voltage direct current transmission line is simulated, and the actual test research on grounding of the ultra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode can be carried out.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of extra-high voltage grounding, in particular to a test platform and a test method for an extra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode.
Background
The energy and load center in China has the characteristic of unbalanced distribution in the east and west. About 90% of hydropower in China can be developed and installed with capacity concentrated in the southwest, the middle-south and the northwest, 80% of coal resources are concentrated in the northwest and the northwest China, and high-quality new energy power generation such as wind energy, solar energy and the like is mainly concentrated in the northwest China. Meanwhile, the power load center in china is mainly in the developed areas of kyazine, east and south coastal areas, so that the west-east power transmission is the main strategic policy of the energy layout in china. The extra-high voltage direct current transmission has unique advantages in the aspects of long-distance and large-capacity transmission and power grid interconnection, so that the extra-high voltage direct current transmission plays an important role in projects such as western-to-east transmission, national power grid interconnection and the like. In recent years, different from an alternating current transmission system, a plurality of extra-high voltage direct current transmission lines are built in China, and in order to ensure the normal operation of a converter valve group in a converter station, an earth electrode of an extra-high voltage direct current line is usually required to be separately built at a place which is dozens of kilometers away from the converter station.
The grounding electrode adopted by the existing extra-high voltage direct current engineering is a horizontal concentric ring grounding electrode (the radius generally exceeds 200m) which is buried in a shallow layer (the buried depth is several meters). The grounding electrode in the form utilizes the characteristic of low earth surface soil resistivity, the grounding resistance is low, the current flowing out of the grounding electrode is distributed uniformly, but large step voltage can be generated on the earth surface near the grounding electrode, the occupied area is large, and the requirement on the electrode address is high.
In addition, the extra-high voltage direct current transmission project can operate in a single-pole earth return mode in a test operation stage. And when the converter station fails or is overhauled, the single-pole earth return line mode can be operated. The dc current of thousands of amperes flows into the ground through the grounding electrode and diffuses through the ground, which causes the dc current to flow through the neutral point within a certain range of the grounding electrode attachment directly grounding the transformer winding, causing severe dc bias of the transformer. Meanwhile, the direct current entering the ground can also generate serious corrosion effect on a railway traction network, an underground metal pipe network and the like along the line.
And the adoption of the deep well grounding electrode in the extra-high voltage direct current transmission can provide a good path for grounding direct current, so that the direct current is prevented from flowing through a shallow earth surface, the direct current loop is enabled to flow from deep soil without passing through a transformer, the direct current magnetic biasing problem of the transformer and the influence of the grounding current on other equipment are thoroughly solved, and the safe and stable operation of related equipment pipe networks near the extra-high voltage direct current grounding electrode is effectively improved. However, an effective test means is not available for the deep well grounding electrode at present, and the research on the deep well grounding electrode mainly takes theoretical simulation as a main part, so that the development of verification on a deep well grounding system through tests is urgently needed, and the comparison is carried out on theoretical research results, so that guidance and data support are provided for the practical application of the ultra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a test platform and a test method for an extra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode, which are used for solving the technical problem that an effective test means is not available for the deep well grounding electrode at present.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a test platform for extra-high voltage direct current deep well earthing pole includes: the system comprises an isometric scaling deep well grounding system, an isolated direct current power supply, a measurement control system, a current test lead, a voltage test lead and a remote temporary grounding electrode;
one end of an isolation type direct current power supply is connected with the equal-ratio scaling deep well grounding system, and the other end of the isolation type direct current power supply is connected with a remote temporary grounding electrode through a current test wire and a voltage test wire so as to simulate the operating condition of single-pole grounding of the extra-high voltage direct current transmission line;
the measurement control system is used for monitoring operation parameters in the isometric scaling deep well grounding system, and the operation parameters comprise current, potential distribution, temperature and the like.
As a further improvement of the process of the invention:
the equal scaling deep well grounding system comprises an equal scaling grounding deep well, an insulating well protecting wall, a metal well protecting wall, a grounding resistance reducing material, a steel bar grounding electrode and a feed cable;
the inner cavity of the equal-ratio scaling grounding deep well comprises an upper section and a lower section, and the insulating well retaining wall and the metal well retaining wall are respectively arranged in the upper section and the lower section in the equal-ratio scaling grounding deep well;
the steel rod grounding electrode is placed in a metal well guard wall at the lower section of the inner cavity of the equal-ratio scaling grounding deep well, and a grounding resistance reducing material for reducing grounding resistance is filled between the steel rod grounding electrode and the metal well guard wall;
one end of the feed cable is connected with the steel bar grounding electrode, and the other end of the feed cable extends out of the isometric scaling grounding deep well and is connected with the isolated direct-current power supply.
And a high-resistance filling material is also filled between the insulated well guard wall at the upper section of the inner cavity of the proportionally scaled grounding deep well and the feed cable.
The depth of the equal scaling grounding deep well is not less than 100m, the diameter of the well head is 300-400 mm, and the distance between the remote temporary grounding electrode and the equal scaling deep well grounding system is more than 30 times of the depth of the equal scaling grounding deep well.
The feed cable is connected with the steel bar grounding electrode in a multi-point mode in a segmented mode, corresponding sensors used for monitoring parameters of the isometric scaling deep well grounding system in the measurement control system are respectively arranged on a plurality of connection points of the feed cable and the steel bar grounding electrode.
The voltage test lead comprises a plurality of taps which are sequentially arranged on the ground between the geometric proportion scaling deep well grounding system and the remote temporary grounding electrode from near to far so as to measure the earth surface potentials of multiple points at different distances between the geometric proportion scaling deep well grounding system and the remote temporary grounding electrode through the measurement control system.
The invention also provides a test method adopting the test platform for the extra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode, which comprises the following steps:
connecting a test platform;
starting an isolated direct-current power supply, controlling the direct-current power supply to output direct current to simulate the single-pole grounding operation condition of an extra-high voltage direct-current circuit, and forming a loop between an equal-ratio scaling deep well grounding system and a remote temporary grounding electrode through the ground;
the operation parameters in the isometric scaling deep well grounding system are monitored through the measurement control system, the operation parameters comprise current and temperature on a plurality of connection points of the steel bar grounding electrode, and earth surface potentials of a plurality of points at different distances between the isometric scaling deep well grounding system and a remote temporary grounding electrode are measured through the voltage test lead.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the test platform for the ultra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode can provide a test platform and a test method for the ultra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode, is used for actually carrying out test research, and can effectively guide the design, construction and operation of the ultra-high voltage direct current transmission line deep well grounding electrode. The test platform disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, small in occupied area and low in cost, can be used for simulating the working condition of a single pole of an actually-operated extra-high voltage direct current line, and can be popularized to the grounding characteristic test and test of other conventional voltage class lines or transformer substation grounding networks.
2. In a preferred scheme, the test platform and the test method for the extra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode can comprehensively obtain the operating parameters such as the temperature rise characteristic, the grounding characteristic and the earth surface potential distribution of the extra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode in real time, develop practical test research and provide key data support for early design and construction of the extra-high voltage grounding electrode.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a test platform for an extra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the extra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode with equal scaling in the preferred embodiment of the invention.
The reference numerals in the figures denote:
1. scaling the grounded deep well in equal proportion; 2. an insulated well retaining wall; 3. a metal well retaining wall; 4. a high-resistance filler material; 5. a ground resistance reducing material; 6. a steel rod grounding electrode; 7. a feeder cable; 8. a temperature sensing thermocouple; 9. a high-precision Hall sensor; 10. a multi-core signal cable; 11. an isolated DC power supply; 12. a measurement control system; 13. a current test wire; 14. a voltage test lead; 15. a remote temporary ground electrode.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.
Referring to fig. 1, the test platform for the ultra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode of the invention comprises: the system comprises an isometric scaling deep well grounding system, an isolated direct current power supply 11, a measurement control system 12, a current test lead 13, a voltage test lead 14 and a remote temporary grounding electrode 15; one end of an isolated direct current power supply 11 is connected with an equal-ratio scaling deep well grounding system, the other end of the isolated direct current power supply is connected with a remote temporary grounding electrode 15 through a current testing wire 13 and a voltage testing wire 14, and a loop is formed between the two grounding electrodes through the ground so as to simulate the operating condition of single-pole grounding of the extra-high voltage direct current transmission line; the measurement control system 12 is used to monitor the operating parameters in the proportional scaling deep well grounding system, including current, potential distribution, temperature, etc.
The structure can provide a test platform and a test method for the ultra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode, is used for actually carrying out test research, and can effectively guide the design, construction and operation of the ultra-high voltage direct current transmission line deep well grounding electrode.
In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, the geometric scaling deep well grounding system includes a geometric scaling grounding deep well 1, an insulating well guard wall 2, a metal well guard wall 3, a high-resistance filling material 4, a grounding resistance-reducing material 5, a steel rod grounding electrode 6, a feeder cable 7, a temperature sensing thermocouple 8, a high-precision hall sensor 9, and a multi-core signal cable 10. The inner cavity of the equal scaling grounding deep well 1 comprises an upper section and a lower section, the insulating well retaining wall 2 and the metal well retaining wall 3 are respectively arranged in the upper section and the lower section of the equal scaling grounding deep well 1, and the insulating well retaining wall 2 and the metal well retaining wall 3 are jointly used for maintaining the self structural stability of the deep well and are arranged up and down to respectively play roles of insulation and conduction. The upper section adopts the insulated well protection wall 2 which can be made of insulating materials such as nylon or epoxy resin and the like, and prevents the earth electrode current from flowing through the shallow earth surface while maintaining the deep well structure. The lower section adopts a metal well guard wall 3, so that the current of the grounding electrode is effectively and uniformly spread.
In the implementation process, the steel rod grounding electrode 6 is placed in the metal well protection wall 3 at the lower section of the inner cavity of the equal-ratio scaling grounding deep well 1, and the grounding resistance reducing material 5 for reducing the grounding resistance is filled between the steel rod grounding electrode 6 and the metal well protection wall 3. In the embodiment, the grounding resistance-reducing material 5 can be coke, has good conductivity and stable property, is not easy to generate electrochemical reaction with the steel rod, and effectively prevents the grounding steel rod from being corroded while reducing the grounding resistance. High-resistance filling materials 4 are filled between the insulated well retaining wall 2 at the upper section of the inner cavity of the proportionally scaled grounded deep well 1 and the feed cable 7, and in the embodiment, the high-resistance filling materials 4 can be broken stones.
In the implementation process, the depth of the proportionally scaled grounding deep well 1 is not less than 100m, the diameter of a well head is 300-400 mm, and the distance between the remote temporary grounding electrode 15 and the proportionally scaled deep well grounding system is more than 30 times of the depth of the proportionally scaled grounding deep well 1. When the method is implemented in the field, the distance between the two can be obtained by adopting high-precision GPS measurement.
In implementation, one end of the feed cable 7 is connected with the steel rod grounding electrode 6, and the other end of the feed cable extends out of the scaling grounding deep well 1 and is connected with the isolated direct current power supply 11. The feed cable 7 is connected with the steel rod grounding electrode 6 in a multi-point mode in a subsection mode, and corresponding sensors used for monitoring parameters of the isometric scaling deep well grounding system in the measurement control system 12 are respectively arranged on a plurality of connection points of the feed cable 7 and the steel rod grounding electrode 6. The temperature sensing thermocouple 8 and the high-precision Hall sensor 9 are arranged at each joint position of the feed cable 7 and the steel rod grounding electrode 6, and the temperature sensing thermocouple 8 and the high-precision Hall sensor 9 are connected with the measurement control system 12 through the multi-core signal cable 10, so that the temperature and grounding current magnitude measurement at different positions of the steel rod grounding electrode 6 is realized.
In this embodiment, the voltage test lead 14 and the current test lead 13 are both made of a plurality of strands of annealed copper wires, and the average ground insulation level is above 3 kV. The voltage testing conducting wire 14 includes a plurality of taps, which are sequentially disposed on the ground between the scaling deep well grounding system and the remote temporary grounding electrode 15 from near to far, so as to measure the earth surface potentials at multiple points with different distances between the scaling deep well grounding system and the remote temporary grounding electrode 15 through the measurement control system 12.
In this embodiment, the isolated dc power supply 11 can control the grounding current of the deep well grounding electrode by adjusting the output voltage, and meanwhile, the isolation transformer is used to supply power to prevent the generation of the grounding loop current inside the power supply. The measurement control system 12 is connected with the isolated direct current power supply 11, the measurement unit (sensor) on the steel rod grounding electrode 6 and the multipoint earth surface potential measurement unit on the voltage test lead 14 through the multi-core signal cable 10, and is used for controlling grounding current and recording the operating parameters of the deep well grounding electrode under different grounding currents.
The invention also provides a test method of the test platform for the extra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode, which comprises the following steps:
the test platform is set and connected according to the following parameters: referring to fig. 2, the grounding electrode of the deep well has a depth of 100m, and is divided into an upper section and a lower section, wherein each section is 50m, the diameter of the deep well is 400mm, and the well mouth is settled by 3m, and the grounding electrode is used for solidifying the well mouth. Wherein, the upper section of the deep well adopts an insulating nylon retaining wall, the outer diameter of the retaining wall is 400mm, the wall thickness is 10mm, the insulating nylon retaining wall is used for preventing the earth current from flowing through the shallow earth surface, and high-resistance material gravels are filled in the insulating retaining wall and used for stabilizing the well structure and inhibiting the earth current from diffusing upwards. The lower section of the deep well adopts a steel pipe retaining wall, the outer diameter of the retaining wall is 400mm, and the wall thickness is 10 mm. The long 50m of ground connection rod iron is formed by 5 sections concatenations, and rod iron diameter 60mm, ground connection rod iron are placed perpendicularly in deep well hypomere steel pipe dado, fill the coke between rod iron and the steel pipe dado, and the coke conductivity is high and the physical and chemical properties is stable, can make rod iron and steel pipe dado fully contact on the one hand and reduce ground resistance, reduces and generates heat, and on the other hand prevents that ground connection rod iron from producing electrochemical reaction with soil when flowing current, avoids ground connection rod iron to corrode. The feed cable 7 is 110m long, a cross-linked polyethylene or rubber cable is adopted, the insulation level is 6kV, the current capacity is 200A, one end of the cable comprises 5 taps, the tapping distance is 10m, the 5 taps are correspondingly connected with 5 sections of steel rod grounding electrodes 6, and the other end of the feed cable 7 is led out to the ground and serves as a deep well grounding electrode terminal. The temperature sensing thermocouple 8 and the high-precision Hall sensor 9 are arranged at the joint of each section of steel bar and used for measuring the temperature and the grounding current of the joint, and each measuring unit such as the temperature sensing thermocouple 8 and the high-precision Hall sensor 9 is connected with a ground measurement control system 12 through a multi-core signal cable 10 and used for self power supply and signal transmission of the measuring unit. 3000m distant from scaling deep well grounding system at distance geometric proportion selects low-lying wetland to build distant temporary grounding electrode 15, and distant temporary grounding electrode 15 contains many ground connection piles of interconnect, links to each other through weaving annealed copper wire between the ground connection pile, and the degree of depth of each ground connection pile ingression is greater than 50 cm. The isolated type direct current power supply 11 is arranged on the ground of the position of the deep well grounding electrode, one end of the isolated type direct current power supply is connected with the feeding cable 7 of the deep well grounding electrode, the other end of the isolated type direct current power supply is connected with a remote temporary grounding electrode 15 at a distance of 3000m through a special test wire, and a loop is formed between the two grounding electrodes through the ground and is used for simulating the working condition of the monopole grounding operation of the extra-high voltage direct current circuit. The special test wire is divided into a voltage test wire and a current test wire, wherein the current test wire is used for transmitting grounding current, a plurality of taps are arranged along the voltage test wire, and each tap is connected with the ground and used for measuring the surface potential at different distance positions between two grounding electrodes. The measurement control system 12 is respectively connected with each measurement unit in the deep well and the isolated direct current power supply 11, and is used for controlling the size of the grounding current and recording various characteristic parameters of the grounding electrode and the surface potential distribution under different grounding currents.
Starting an isolated direct-current power supply 11, controlling the direct-current power supply to output direct current to simulate the single-pole grounding operation condition of an extra-high voltage direct-current circuit, and forming a loop between an equal-ratio scaling deep well grounding system and a remote temporary grounding electrode 15 through the ground;
the operation parameters in the isometric scaling deep well grounding system are monitored by the measurement control system 12, the operation parameters comprise the current and the temperature on a plurality of connection points of the steel rod grounding electrode 6, and the earth surface potentials of a plurality of points at different distances between the isometric scaling deep well grounding system and the remote temporary grounding electrode 15 are measured by the voltage test lead 14.
In conclusion, the isolated direct current power supply 11 outputs a loop between the proportional scaling deep well grounding system and the remote temporary grounding electrode 15 through the ground, so that the operating condition of single-pole grounding of the extra-high voltage direct current transmission line is simulated. The test platform and the test method can be provided for the ultra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode, the operation parameters such as the temperature rise characteristic, the grounding characteristic and the surface potential distribution of the ultra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode can be comprehensively obtained in real time, the test research can be practically carried out, and the design, the construction and the operation of the ultra-high voltage direct current transmission line deep well grounding electrode can be effectively guided. The test platform disclosed by the invention is simple in structure, small in occupied area and low in cost, can be used for simulating the working condition of a single pole of an actually-operated extra-high voltage direct current line, and can be popularized to the grounding characteristic test and test of other conventional voltage class lines or transformer substation grounding networks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a test platform that is used for extra-high voltage direct current deep well earthing pole which characterized in that includes: the system comprises an isometric scaling deep well grounding system, an isolation type direct current power supply (11), a measurement control system (12), a current test lead (13), a voltage test lead (14) and a remote temporary grounding electrode (15);
one end of the isolated direct current power supply (11) is connected with the equal-ratio scaling deep well grounding system, and the other end of the isolated direct current power supply is connected with a remote temporary grounding electrode (15) through a current test wire (13) and a voltage test wire (14) so as to simulate the operating condition of single-pole grounding of the extra-high voltage direct current transmission line;
the measurement control system (12) is used for monitoring operation parameters in the isometric scaling deep well grounding system, wherein the operation parameters comprise current, potential distribution and temperature;
the equal scaling deep well grounding system comprises an equal scaling grounding deep well (1), a steel bar grounding electrode (6) and a feed cable (7); one end of the feed cable (7) is connected with the steel bar grounding electrode (6), and the other end of the feed cable extends out of the proportional scaling grounding deep well (1) and is connected with the isolated direct-current power supply (11);
the feed cable (7) is connected with the steel rod grounding electrode (6) in a multi-point mode in a segmented mode, and corresponding sensors used for monitoring parameters of an isometric scaling deep well grounding system in the measurement control system (12) are respectively arranged on a plurality of connection points of the feed cable (7) and the steel rod grounding electrode (6);
the voltage test lead (14) comprises a plurality of taps which are sequentially arranged on the ground between the geometric scaling deep well grounding system and the far-distance temporary grounding electrode (15) from near to far so as to measure the earth surface potentials of multiple points at different distances between the geometric scaling deep well grounding system and the far-distance temporary grounding electrode (15) through the measurement control system (12).
2. The test platform of claim 1, wherein the proportional scaling deep well grounding system further comprises an insulated well retaining wall (2), a metal well retaining wall (3), and a grounding resistance reduction material (5);
the inner cavity of the proportional scaling grounding deep well (1) comprises an upper section and a lower section, and the insulating well retaining wall (2) and the metal well retaining wall (3) are respectively arranged in the upper section and the lower section in the proportional scaling grounding deep well (1);
the steel rod grounding electrode (6) is placed in the metal well protection wall (3) at the lower section of the inner cavity of the equal-ratio scaling grounding deep well (1), and a grounding resistance reducing material (5) for reducing grounding resistance is filled between the steel rod grounding electrode (6) and the metal well protection wall (3).
3. The test platform according to claim 2, characterized in that a high-resistance filling material (4) is filled between the insulated well retaining wall (2) of the upper section of the inner cavity of the proportionally scaled grounded deep well (1) and the feed cable (7).
4. The test platform according to any one of claims 2 to 3, wherein the depth of the proportionally scaled grounded deep well (1) is not less than 100m, the diameter of the well head is 300 mm-400 mm, and the distance between the remote temporary grounding electrode (15) and the proportionally scaled deep well grounding system is more than 30 times of the depth of the proportionally scaled grounded deep well (1).
5. A test method for a test platform for an extra-high voltage direct current deep well grounding electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is characterized by comprising the following steps:
connecting the test platform;
starting an isolated direct current power supply (11), controlling the direct current power supply to output direct current to simulate the single-pole grounding operation condition of an extra-high voltage direct current circuit, and forming a loop between the geometric scaling deep well grounding system and a remote temporary grounding electrode (15) through the ground;
and monitoring operation parameters in the isometric scaling deep well grounding system through the measurement control system (12), wherein the operation parameters comprise current and temperature on a plurality of connection points of the steel rod grounding electrode (6), and measuring the earth surface potential of a plurality of points with different distances between the isometric scaling deep well grounding system and the remote temporary grounding electrode (15) through the voltage test lead (14).
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