CN112096131A - Transportation hub complex personnel evacuation facility - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a transportation junction complex personnel evacuation facility, which belongs to the technical field of disaster prevention and reduction and protection of building structures, and comprises a transportation junction structure and a comprehensive development structure thereon, wherein the transportation junction structure comprises a plurality of layers, namely an underground layer, an outbound layer and a station layer from bottom to top; a sunken square is arranged on the periphery of the traffic hub structure, and an annular evacuation channel for fire trucks to pass through is arranged on the periphery of the sunken square; a garage, commercial facilities and a subway station hall are arranged in the underground layer, and refuge walkways are arranged among the garages; the outbound layer is provided with city vestibules and open space bodies which are arranged in a crossed manner, back galleries are arranged among outbound halls, garages and taxi/coach waiting halls of the outbound layer, and two ends of each back gallery are opened to the outside and the open space bodies. The invention effectively solves the problem that people can be evacuated when the evacuation outlets of the underground or similar underground building part cannot be directly communicated with the outdoor.

Description

A transportation hub complex personnel evacuation facility

technical field

The invention relates to a personnel evacuation facility for a transportation hub complex, belonging to the technical field of disaster prevention, mitigation and protection of building structures.

Background technique

With the increase of passengers' expectations for travel experience, the combination construction of transportation hub buildings and civil buildings has become a development trend in recent years, in order to maximize the three-dimensional seamless transfer of various traffic in the hub, and create a "hub business" ecosystem , to realize the "integration of station and city", and integrate the transportation building, station and building complex into the overall environment of urban life.

The complex project constructed by a combination of transportation hubs and civil buildings is huge, including railway stations, subway stations, public transportation, long-distance buses, tourist buses, social vehicles, taxis, and a combination of commercial, office, hotel and other functions. . While realizing the seamless connection of various functions, it often brings a series of complex fire safety problems, of which the core fire safety problem is usually the evacuation problem. The railway station building is often equipped with functions such as departure hall, transfer hall, urban corridor and municipal supporting facilities, and the subway station is buried under the railway station building. For the transportation hub buildings with property development above the railway station building and yard, the building space below the station yard is an underground building or similar to an underground building. This type of underground building or quasi-underground building has a large scale, and there is a situation that the evacuation exit cannot be directly connected to the outdoors. In the event of a disaster such as a fire, it is extremely difficult to evacuate people.

In the current engineering case, for the personnel evacuation design of underground buildings, evacuation stairwells, sunken squares and refuge walkways are mainly used as personnel evacuation facilities and relatively safe areas, and these evacuation facilities are used to further reach outdoor safe areas. However, these design methods are not applicable to the above-mentioned complex projects. The above-mentioned buildings and stations are covered with floor slabs of property development, which makes the above-ground railway platform unable to be established as the final level for personnel evacuation; a large number of evacuation stairwells are set up in the underground part to directly cross the platform. The conditions leading to the outdoor ground of the elevated floor are also not available; the set up evacuation corridors are difficult to meet the requirements of the regulations, and the evacuation corridors are relatively narrow and long, which brings people a poor psychological feeling; the set-up of sunken squares can solve the problem of evacuation of people in some areas, but Limited by the ground opening conditions, the solution range is limited.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a transportation hub complex personnel evacuation facility for the problem that the evacuation exit cannot be directly connected to the outdoor area encountered in the complex project constructed by the combination of the transportation hub building and the civil building.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present invention is:

A personnel evacuation facility for a transportation hub complex, comprising a transportation hub structure and a comprehensive development structure thereon, wherein the transportation hub structure includes multiple layers, and from bottom to top are an underground layer, an exit layer and a platform layer; the transportation A sunken square is arranged around the hub structure, and an annular evacuation channel for fire trucks to pass through is arranged around the sunken square; the width of the annular evacuation channel is not less than 4m and the slope is not more than 8%. The tunnel is connected to the fire lane on the exit floor; the top of the sunken plaza is open with a bridge at the top; except for the vehicle entrance and exit ramps, the proportion of the top of the sunken plaza is not less than the total length of the annular evacuation channel 50% of the floor space, and the openings are evenly arranged, and the distance between the openings is not more than 60m; garages, commercial facilities and subway station halls are arranged on the basement floor of the sunken square; garages, commercial facilities and subway station halls There are refuge walkways between them; both ends of the refuge walkway lead directly to the above-mentioned annular evacuation passage or sunken square;

The outbound layer is provided with a cross-arranged urban corridor and an open space body, and the outbound layer is also provided with an outbound hall, a garage, and a taxi/long-distance train waiting space separated by the city corridor and the open space. There is a back corridor between the exit hall and the garage and the taxi/long-distance car waiting hall on this floor, and both ends of the back corridor are open to the outdoors and the open space body; the open space body and the elevated floor on the platform layer The waiting halls are connected by escalators.

Further, the exits of the commercial facilities on the first basement floor can respectively lead to different refuge walkways or sunken squares. At the same time, the subway station hall is also evacuated and connected with the sunken square and the refuge walkway, and the subway station hall can be evacuated. Evacuate and connect with the city corridor on the exit floor through the evacuation stairwell.

Further, the back corridor and the garage are separated by a firewall, and the rental/long-distance bus waiting hall is separated by a fireproof glass with a fire resistance rating of not less than 2.0h, and the connection position with the exit hall is provided with a fire resistance rating of not less than 2.0 hours. 2.0h fireproof glass door; fireproof glass with fire resistance rating not lower than 2.0h is used to separate the open space body from the taxi/long-distance car waiting hall and the garage on this floor.

Further, the garage on the outbound floor is divided into fire compartments according to the high-rise garage, and personnel can be evacuated horizontally to the outdoors or to the open space to meet the two-way evacuation conditions; personnel in the taxi/long-distance bus waiting hall can be evacuated horizontally to the outdoors or evacuated to the open space. Evacuate to the open space; the opening where the escalator is located shall be separated by fire partition walls, fire shutters or fire doors with a fire resistance rating of not less than 3.0h.

Further, 4 groups of garages and 4 groups of commercial facilities are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the subway station hall in the first basement floor, and E-shaped and reverse E-shaped refuge walkways are arranged between the commercial facilities and the subway station hall. An L-shaped or reverse-L-shaped evacuation aisle is set between the facility and the garage; a total of 6 mutually independent evacuation aisles are set in the basement floor as a safe area for personnel evacuation.

Further, an underground first-level interlayer is also set between the basement floor and the outbound floor; a fast outbound interlayer is also set between the outbound floor and the platform floor.

Further, the underground first floor mezzanine is a garage mezzanine, and the fire compartment is divided according to the underground garage. Personnel can be evacuated to the sunken square through the evacuation stairwell to meet the requirements of two-way evacuation conditions.

Further, the express exit hall is set in the express exit mezzanine. The express exit hall is connected with the exit hall and the city corridor as a whole. It is only used for waiting and distribution functions. It is separated from the commercial facilities by a firewall, and the connected parts are There are double fire shutters; the two ends of the express exit hall are respectively provided with safety exits leading to the outdoor platform and the open space corridor, and the express exit hall is connected to the exit hall through open stairs for evacuation; rapid exit The garage in the mezzanine is divided into fire compartments according to the high-rise garage. Personnel can be evacuated to the open space corridor, or to the ground through the evacuation stairwell, to meet the two-way evacuation conditions. Partition, personnel use the outdoor platform, open space body corridor to evacuate, or evacuate to the back corridor through the evacuation stairwell.

Further, a fixed fireproof member with a fire-resistant integrity of not less than 1.0h is used to separate the rail running area and the open space body of the platform layer.

Further, each platform on the platform layer is provided with 4 stairs leading to the outbound area, and the personnel on the platform layer can be evacuated to the outbound layer and the fast outbound mezzanine, instead of being evacuated to the elevated waiting hall on the upper part of the platform layer. .

The beneficial effects produced by the above technical solutions are:

Different from the traditional design idea of evacuating the personnel in the underground part directly to the above-ground area, the invention forms a horizontal evacuation condition in the part of the underground or quasi-underground building, which breaks the concept of evacuation of people in the traditional underground building, and solves the problem of the part of the underground or quasi-underground building. The problem of evacuation of people when the evacuation exit cannot be directly connected to the outdoors.

In addition, the horizontal evacuation of personnel saves physical strength compared to the upward evacuation, and is different from the flow direction of fire smoke, which is more favorable for personnel evacuation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal section of a personnel evacuation facility in a transportation hub complex of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the personnel evacuation facility of the transportation hub complex of the present invention;

3 is a schematic plan view of the ground floor of the present invention;

4 is a schematic plan view of the outbound layer of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of the fast outbound mezzanine of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings 1-5.

As shown in Figures 1-2, a transportation hub complex personnel evacuation facility of the present invention includes a transportation hub structure and a comprehensive development structure above it. Outbound Level 2 and Platform Level 3. As shown in FIG. 3 , a sunken square 4 is arranged around the transportation hub structure, and an annular evacuation channel 5 for fire engines to pass is arranged around the sunken square 4 . The width of the annular evacuation channel 5 is not less than 4m and the slope is not more than 8%, which is connected with the fire lane on the exit floor 2 through the vehicle entrance and exit ramps. The top of the sunken square 4 has a hole and is provided with a bridge at the top. Except for the vehicle entrance and exit ramps, the proportion of openings at the top of the sunken square 4 is not less than 50% of the total length of the annular evacuation passage 5, and the openings are evenly arranged, and the spacing between the openings is not more than 60m. The top of the sunken square 4 is open, and a top connecting bridge is provided. A garage 6 , a commercial facility 7 and a subway station hall 8 are arranged in the basement floor 1 of the sunken square 4 . An evacuation walkway 9 is arranged between the garage 6 , the commercial facility 7 and the subway station hall 8 . Both ends of the evacuation passage 9 are directly connected to the above-mentioned annular evacuation passage 5 or the sunken square 4 . The exits of the commercial facilities 7 on the ground floor 1 can lead to different refuge aisles 9 or sunken squares 4 respectively. At the same time, the subway station hall 8 is also evacuated and connected to the sunken squares 4 and the refuge aisles 9, and the subway station The hall 8 can be evacuated and communicated with the city corridor 10 on the exit floor 2 through the evacuation stairwell. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 , four sets of garages 6 and four sets of commercial facilities 7 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the subway station hall 8 in the basement 1 , and an E is arranged between the commercial facilities 7 and the subway station hall 8 . E-shaped and reverse-E-shaped evacuation aisles 9 are provided, and an L-shaped or reverse-L-shaped evacuation aisle 9 is arranged between the commercial facility 7 and the garage 6 . There are a total of 6 mutually independent refuge aisles 9 in the basement 1, which are used as safe areas for personnel evacuation.

As shown in Figures 1-2 and 4, the outbound floor 2 is provided with urban corridors 10 and open space bodies 11 arranged in a crisscross pattern, and the outbound floor 2 is also provided with urban corridors 10 and open space bodies 11. Separate departure hall 12, garage 6, taxi/long-distance bus waiting hall 13. A back corridor 14 is provided between the exit hall 12 and the garage 6 and the rental/long-distance car waiting hall 13 on this floor. The open space body 11 and the elevated floor waiting hall 15 on the platform floor 3 are connected by an escalator 16 . The back corridor 14 and the garage 6 are separated by a firewall 17, and the taxi/long-distance bus waiting hall 13 is separated by a fireproof glass 18 with a fire resistance rating of not less than 2.0h, and a fire resistance rating of not less than 2.0h is set at the connecting position with the exit hall 12. Fire-resistant glass door at 2.0h. The open space body 11 is separated from the rental/long-distance car waiting hall 13 and the garage 6 on this floor by a fireproof glass 18 with a fire resistance rating of not less than 2.0h. The garage 6 on the outbound floor is divided into fire compartments according to the high-rise garage, and personnel can be evacuated horizontally to the outdoors or to the open space 11 to meet the two-way evacuation conditions. Personnel in the taxi/long-distance bus waiting hall 13 can be evacuated horizontally to the outdoors or to the open space body 11 . The opening where the escalator 16 is located shall be separated by a fire partition wall, a fire shutter or a fire door with a fire resistance rating of not less than 3.0h.

In addition, an underground first floor interlayer 102 is also set between the basement floor 1 and the outbound floor 2. The ground floor mezzanine 102 is the garage mezzanine, which is divided into fire compartments according to the underground garage. Personnel can be evacuated to the sunken square 4 through the evacuation stairwell to meet the requirements of two-way evacuation conditions.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 5 , a fast outbound mezzanine 203 is also set between the outbound layer 2 and the platform layer 3 . The express exit hall 2031 is set in the express exit mezzanine 203. The express exit hall 2031 is connected with the exit hall 12 and the city corridor 10 as a whole. It is only used for waiting and collecting and distributing functions. It is separated from the commercial facilities 7 by a firewall 17. The connecting parts are provided with double fire shutters. The two ends of the express exit hall 2031 are respectively provided with safety exits leading to the outdoor platform 19 and the open space body corridor 20. The express exit hall 2031 is connected to the exit hall 12 through open stairs for evacuation. The car garage 6 in the fast exit mezzanine 203 is divided into fire compartments according to the high-rise car garage. Personnel can be evacuated to the open space body corridor 20, or evacuate to the ground through the evacuation stairwell to meet the two-way evacuation conditions. The commercial facilities 7 in the fast exit mezzanine 203 are divided into fire compartments according to the specifications, and personnel are evacuated by using the outdoor platform 19 and the open space corridor 20, or evacuating to the back corridor 14 through the evacuation stairwell.

In this embodiment, the track area of the platform layer 3 and the open space body 11 are separated by fixed fireproof components with a fire resistance integrity of not less than 1.0h, and each platform of the platform layer 3 is provided with 4 stairs leading to the exits. In the station area, personnel on the platform floor 3 can be evacuated to the outbound floor 2 and the express exit mezzanine 203, but not to the elevated floor waiting hall 15 at the upper part of the platform floor 3.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only enumerations made to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The modifications of the technical solutions of the present application by those of ordinary skill in the art according to common knowledge in the field are also within the protection scope of the present application. In short, the above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples, and the protection scope of the present application is subject to the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a transportation hub complex personnel evacuation facility, includes transportation hub structure and the comprehensive development structure on it which characterized in that: the transportation junction structure comprises a plurality of layers, namely an underground layer (1), an outbound layer (2) and a station layer (3) from bottom to top; a sunken square (4) is arranged on the periphery of the traffic junction structure, an annular evacuation channel (5) for fire-fighting vehicles to pass through is arranged on the periphery of the sunken square (4), the width of the annular evacuation channel (5) is not less than 4m, the gradient of the annular evacuation channel is not more than 8%, and the annular evacuation channel is communicated with a fire-fighting lane of the outbound layer (2) through a vehicle access ramp; the top of the sunken square (4) is provided with a hole and a top connecting bridge; except for the vehicle entrance ramp, the proportion of the holes opened at the top of the sunken square (4) is not less than 50 percent of the total length of the annular evacuation channel (5), the holes are uniformly arranged, and the spacing between the hole opening positions is not more than 60 m; a garage (6), commercial facilities (7) and a subway station hall (8) are arranged in the underground layer (1) in the sunken square (4); refuge walkways (9) are arranged among the garages (6), the commercial facilities (7) and the subway station halls (8); two ends of the refuge walkway (9) are directly communicated with the annular evacuation channel (5) or the sunken square (4);

the outbound layer (2) is provided with city galleries (10) and an open space body (11) which are arranged in a crisscross manner, and the outbound layer (2) is also provided with an outbound hall (12), a garage (6) and a taxi/coach waiting hall (13) which are separated by the city galleries (10) and the open space body (11); a back corridor (14) is arranged between the outbound hall (12) and the layer of garage (6) and between the taxi/coach waiting hall (13), and two ends of the back corridor (14) are open to the outdoor and open space body (11); the open space body (11) is connected with an elevated layer waiting hall (15) on the station layer (3) through an escalator (16).

2. A transportation junction complex personnel evacuation facility according to claim 1 wherein: the exit of the commercial facility (7) of the underground layer (1) can be respectively led to different refuge walkways (9) or sunken plazas (4), meanwhile, the subway station hall (8) is also respectively communicated with the sunken plazas (4) and the refuge walkways (9) in an evacuation mode, and the subway station hall (8) can be communicated with the urban vestibules (10) of the outbound layer (2) in an evacuation mode through evacuation staircases.

3. A transportation junction complex personnel evacuation facility according to claim 1 wherein: the back porch (14) is separated from the garage (6) through a firewall (17), the back porch and the taxi/coach waiting hall (13) are separated by fireproof glass (18) with the fire endurance not lower than 2.0h, and a fireproof glass door with the fire endurance not lower than 2.0h is arranged at the position communicated with the departure hall (12); the open space body (11) is separated from the taxi/long-distance bus waiting hall (13) and the layer of garage (6) by fireproof glass (18) with the fire endurance not lower than 2.0 h.

4. A transportation junction complex personnel evacuation facility according to claim 1 wherein: the garage (6) on the outbound layer is divided into fireproof partitions according to high-rise garage, and people can be horizontally evacuated outdoors or evacuated to the open space body (11) to meet the bidirectional evacuation condition; the taxi/long-distance bus waiting hall (13) can be horizontally evacuated to the outside or the open space body (11); the opening where the escalator (16) is located is divided into fire partitions by fire partitions, fire curtains or fire doors with fire endurance not lower than 3.0 h.

5. A transportation junction complex personnel evacuation facility according to claim 1 wherein: 4 groups of garages (6) and 4 groups of commercial facilities (7) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a subway station hall (8) in the underground layer (1), an E-shaped and reverse E-shaped refuge walkway (9) is arranged between the commercial facilities (7) and the subway station hall (8), and an L-shaped or reverse L-shaped refuge walkway (9) is arranged between the commercial facilities (7) and the garages (6); 6 mutually independent refuge walkways (9) are arranged in the underground layer (1) as a safety area for people evacuation.

6. A transportation junction complex personnel evacuation facility according to claim 1 wherein: an underground interlayer (102) is also arranged between the underground layer (1) and the outbound layer (2); and a quick outbound interlayer (203) is also arranged between the outbound layer (2) and the station layer (3).

7. A transportation junction complex personnel evacuation facility according to claim 6 wherein: the underground interlayer (102) is a garage interlayer, fireproof partitions are divided according to underground garage, and people can evacuate to the sunken square (4) through evacuation stairways to meet the requirement of bidirectional evacuation conditions.

8. A transportation junction complex personnel evacuation facility according to claim 6 wherein: a quick outbound hall (2031) is arranged in the quick outbound interlayer (203), the quick outbound hall (2031) is connected with the outbound hall (12) and the city corridor (10) into a whole and only has the functions of waiting and dispersing, the quick outbound hall and the city corridor are separated by a firewall (17), and a double-channel fireproof roller shutter is arranged at the communicated part; the two ends of the quick departure hall (2031) are respectively provided with a safety exit leading to the outdoor platform (19) and the open space body corridor (20), and the quick departure hall (2031) is communicated with the departure hall (12) through an open stair for evacuation; the garage (6) in the quick outbound interlayer (203) is divided into fireproof partitions according to high-rise garages, and people can evacuate to the corridor (20) of the open space body or evacuate to the ground through evacuation staircases, so that the bidirectional evacuation condition is met; the commercial facilities (7) in the rapid outbound interlayer (203) are divided into fire zones according to the standard, and people are evacuated by using the outdoor platform (19) and the open space body corridor (20) or evacuated to the back corridor (14) through evacuation stairways.

9. A transportation junction complex personnel evacuation facility according to claim 6 wherein: the rail running area of the platform layer (3) is separated from the open space body (11) by a fixed fireproof component with the fire resistance integrity of not less than 1.0 h.

10. A transportation junction complex personnel evacuation facility according to claim 9 wherein: every platform on station platform layer (3) all sets up 4 stairs and accesss to the region of leaving a station, and station platform layer (3) personnel can be evacuated to layer (2) of leaving a station and intermediate layer (203) of leaving a station fast, do not reverse the overhead layer waiting hall (15) of evacuation to station platform layer (3) upper portion.

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