CN112094100A - 一种高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺 - Google Patents
一种高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112094100A CN112094100A CN202011274662.XA CN202011274662A CN112094100A CN 112094100 A CN112094100 A CN 112094100A CN 202011274662 A CN202011274662 A CN 202011274662A CN 112094100 A CN112094100 A CN 112094100A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺,包括以下步骤:陶瓷泥浆原料分类为:硬质瘠性原料、半瘠性半可塑性原料和软质可塑性原料;半瘠性半可塑性原料包括入球原料A和化浆原料B;软质可塑性原料包括入球原料C和化浆原料D;将硬质瘠性原料、入球原料A和入球原料C共同投入球磨机中进行球磨,得到球磨泥浆;将化浆原料B和化浆原料D共同投入化浆池并加水搅拌,得到化浆泥浆;将球磨泥浆和所述化浆泥浆转移至混合池,混合均匀,得到混合泥浆。整个制备过程节省了大量的球磨时间,有效减少能量消耗,使生产效率大幅度提升。而且在制备过程中,进行了多次的检测和调试,减轻了浆料调试的难度,更有利于获得指标精准的浆料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷泥浆的制备工艺领域,尤其涉及一种高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺。
背景技术
陶瓷制品种类多,适用范围广,常见的陶瓷制品有墙砖、底板砖、卫生洁具等。陶瓷制品的原料包括了钾长石粉、石英砂、滑石、高岭土、粘土。这些陶瓷制品在生产时均包含了制浆工艺。传统的制浆工艺是将所有原料一起经过放入球磨机中进行加水研磨,当原料颗粒达到生产的细度要求后,将原料放入浆池之中。为了提高原料颗粒级配,使原料颗粒尽可能的细腻,一般需要将原料放入研磨设备中反复研磨,需要消耗大量加工时间和电能,极大地降低了生产效率。
目前也有将原料分类制浆以降低能耗的技术,如申请号为201510229616.0的中国专利公开了一种陶瓷泥浆分类、分级联合制备的新工艺及其设备,其工艺包括以下步骤:将陶瓷泥浆原料分类成硬质原料和软质原料;硬质原料按比例组成硬质原料混合物,软质原料按比例组成软质原料混合物;对硬质原料混合物进行初磨工序处理制成硬质料粉料;对软质原料混合物先进行分散,然后初磨或搅拌并加水混合制成软质料泥浆;将硬质料粉料和软质料泥浆混合分级研磨制成成品泥浆;该发明专利采用陶瓷原料分类及分级研磨以制备陶瓷泥浆,比起现有软硬原料从头到尾一起混合研磨的方式降低率陶瓷泥浆的加工时间,提高陶瓷原料加工效率,节能减排。但是,该专利中将陶瓷原料分类为硬质原料和软质原料,而硬质原料悬浮性较差,无法单独实现悬浮效果,需加入较多的助剂才能获得性能较好的球磨浆料。
卫生洁具陶瓷是卫生间、厨房和试验室等场所用的带釉陶瓷制品,也称卫生洁具。卫生洁具陶瓷一般由粘土和其他无机非金属原料先制成卫生洁具陶瓷泥浆,再经成型、高温烧结而成,具有强度高、不吸水、不透水、热胀冷缩小、不开裂等优点。卫生洁具陶瓷采用注浆成型,对浆料性能要求较高,上述专利中的制浆方法显然不适用于卫生洁具陶瓷的生产。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺,具有生产效率高和生产能耗低的特点。
为达此目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)陶瓷泥浆原料分类为:硬质瘠性原料、半瘠性半可塑性原料和软质可塑性原料;
按重量比,半瘠性半可塑性原料包括10%~100%入球原料A和0~90%化浆原料B;软质可塑性原料包括0%~20%入球原料C和80%~100%化浆原料D;
将硬质瘠性原料、入球原料A和入球原料C共同投入球磨机中进行球磨,得到球磨泥浆;
(2)将化浆原料B和化浆原料D共同投入化浆池并加水搅拌,得到化浆泥浆;
(3)将球磨泥浆和化浆泥浆转移至混合池,混合均匀,得到混合泥浆,其中,球磨泥浆重量占混合泥浆重量的30%~70%。
优选的,所述硬质瘠性原料的塑性指数为IP≤10,所述半瘠性半可塑性原料的塑性指数为10<IP<17,所述软质可塑性原料的塑性指数为IP≥17。
优选的,所述步骤(2)的搅拌过程中,检测并调试化浆池中浆料的性能指标,当浆料的性能指标合格后停止搅拌,得到所述化浆泥浆。
优选的,所述步骤(3)中,所述球磨泥浆转移至混合池前,进行泥浆性能指标检测;
当所述球磨泥浆和所述化浆泥浆转移至混合池并混合均匀后,检测并调试混合池中泥浆的性能指标。
优选的,当所述球磨泥浆占所述混合泥浆重量比例增加时,所述入球原料A占所述半瘠性半可塑性原料的重量比例增加。
优选的,所述硬质瘠性原料、所述半瘠性半可塑性原料和所述软质可塑性原料的重量比例为4:2:4或4:3:3或3:4:3。
优选的,所述硬质瘠性原料包括钾长石粉、石英砂、钠砂、煅烧高岭土、花岗岩、霞石正长岩、浮岩、珍珠岩、锂辉石、锂云母、滑石、硅灰石、透辉石、方解石、石灰石、白云石、菱镁矿、锆英石、萤石中的一种或多种。
优选的,所述半瘠性半可塑性原料包括北海高岭土、大同高岭土、章村瓷土、叶腊石、碱石、粗加工的水洗高岭土、星子高岭土、紫木节中的一种或多种。
优选的,所述软质可塑性原料包括黑泥类、潮州泥、水洗球土、优质龙岩高岭土、紫木节、复合型高岭土中的一种或多种。
本发明的有益效果为:
1、在本发明的步骤(1)中,由于半瘠性半可塑性原料和软质可塑性原料具有悬浮剂效果,与硬质瘠性原料共同进行球磨在节约能耗的同时获得性能较好的球磨泥浆,避免了增塑剂、悬浮剂等影响卫生洁具泥浆稳定性的外加剂的使用。同时,软质可塑性原料和部分半瘠性半可塑性原料的可塑性好,可直接化浆搅拌制作成泥浆,而不需要经过球磨工序,而且在步骤(3)中,球磨泥浆和化浆泥浆可直接混合,同样不需要进行再次的球磨工序,整个制备过程节省了大量的球磨时间,和大大减少了能量消耗,使生产效率大幅度提升。
2、将浆料检测调试分为化浆泥浆一次检测调试、球磨泥浆二次检测和混合泥浆三次检测调试,降低了对于原料称量精准度的要求,进行了多次的检测和调试,相对于在最后进行一次浆料检测和调试,减轻了浆料调试的难度,更有利于获得指标精准的浆料,同时还能有效避免浆料报废的情况,同时也节约了调试的时间,提高制浆效率。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺原理框图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图1及具体实施方式进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
一种高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)陶瓷泥浆原料分类为:硬质瘠性原料、半瘠性半可塑性原料和软质可塑性原料;
半瘠性半可塑性原料包括入球原料A和化浆原料B;软质可塑性原料包括入球原料C和化浆原料D;
将硬质瘠性原料、入球原料A和入球原料C共同投入球磨机中进行球磨,得到球磨泥浆;
(2)将化浆原料B和化浆原料D共同投入化浆池并加水搅拌,得到化浆泥浆;
(3)将球磨泥浆和化浆泥浆转移至混合池,混合均匀,得到混合泥浆。
在陶瓷生产中,硬质瘠性原料决定了坯体的强度,加入硬质瘠性原料有助于减少坯体在干燥和烧成时收缩和变形,加快半成品干燥速度,减少制品开裂,该类原料悬浮性较差,无法单独实现悬浮效果;半瘠性半可塑性原料具有一定的可塑性、粘结性、悬浮性和结合能力,赋予陶瓷泥浆良好的成形性,有利于坯体成形且可防止陶瓷制品变形,使烧成温度变宽,还能使坯体具有一定的白度;软质可塑性原料的可塑性强,赋予坯体可塑性与烧结性从而保证了陶瓷制品的成型、烧结与较好的性能。并且软质可塑性原料可直接化浆搅拌制作成泥浆,减少了整体的球磨量,从而大大提高效率和降低能耗。因此,把陶瓷泥浆原料分为硬质瘠性原料、半瘠性半可塑性原料和软质可塑性原料,可根据他们不同的优点和性能来搭配好比例制备陶瓷泥浆。
本发明的半瘠性半可塑性原料分类为入球原料A和化浆原料B,软质可塑性原料分类入球原料C和化浆原料D,把入球原料A、入球原料C和硬质瘠性原料共同投入球磨机中进行球磨,其中的入球原料A和入球原料C均可起悬浮剂的作用,而入球原料C具有更佳的悬浮剂效果,使球磨机内的泥浆产生悬浮作用,避免泥浆沉淀。需要说明的是,本发明中,可根据入球原料A和化浆原料B的比例,调整入球原料C的投入量,以保证球磨泥浆的悬浮效果和较高的能耗节约程度。
本发明的高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺应用于卫生洁具陶瓷泥浆的生产。球磨泥浆和化浆泥浆中均加入分散剂,以提高浆料的分散效果,而不加入增塑剂、悬浮剂等影响卫生洁具泥浆稳定性的外加剂。这是由于卫生洁具陶瓷采用注浆成型,对泥浆的细度、流动性和触变性有较高要求,当添加有增塑剂或悬浮剂的泥浆存在触变性能受到影响,导致泥浆在使用中放浆不干净、出现泥缕,以及坯体透水性导致坯体内外密度差进而引起干燥裂纹、烧成裂纹等的缺陷。因此,本发明中以部分半瘠性半可塑性原料和部分软质可塑性原料作为悬浮剂与硬质瘠性原料共同进行球磨在节约能耗的同时获得性能较好的球磨泥浆,避免了增塑剂、悬浮剂等影响卫生洁具泥浆稳定性的外加剂的使用。
值得说明的是,传统的陶瓷泥浆制备方法是把所有的原材料按比例配好后全部投入球磨机中,在球磨机中球磨需要长时间,且消耗大,效率低下。本发明的软质可塑性原料和部分半瘠性半可塑性原料的可塑性好,可直接化浆搅拌制作成泥浆,而不需要经过球磨工序,可节省大量的时间和能耗;而且在步骤(3)中,球磨泥浆和化浆泥浆可直接混合,同样不需要进行球磨工序,整个制备过程节省了大量的球磨时间,和大大减少了能量消耗,使生产效率大幅度提升。
进一步的,硬质瘠性原料的塑性指数为IP≤10,半瘠性半可塑性原料的塑性指数为10<IP<17,软质可塑性原料的塑性指数为IP≥17。
塑性指数是表征细粒土物理性能一个重要特征,反映了影响粘性土特征的各种重要因素。塑性指数愈大,土的颗粒愈细,比表面积愈大,土的可塑性范围愈广,土中黏粒含量愈多,土中所含有的结合水愈多,土与水之间的作用愈强烈。以塑性指数IP限定硬质瘠性原料、半瘠性半可塑性原料和软质可塑性原料,可更清晰的对这三种原料进行分类。
塑性指数IP大于17为黏土,大于10小于17的为粉质黏土,大部分高岭土属于粉质黏土的塑性范畴,小于等于10的即为粉土,即塑性差的土,钾长石粉、石英砂等原料塑性很低,是IP≤10的原料。需要说明的是,半瘠性半可塑性原料中各原料的硬度存在差异,存在无法搅拌成浆的原料,这些无法搅拌成浆的原料则入球磨机。
进一步的,步骤(2)的搅拌过程中,检测并调试化浆池中浆料的性能指标,当浆料的性能指标合格后停止搅拌,得到化浆泥浆。
陶瓷泥浆的性能指标具有重要的作用,决定了陶瓷泥浆的可塑性、悬浮性、成形性和结合能力以及后期坯体的强度和陶瓷制品的色泽度等。
软质可塑性原料直接搅拌后具备成品泥浆的各种可检测的性能指标,在搅拌过程中检测化浆池中浆料的比重、细度、流动性、触变性等的性能指标,并通过改变原料的比例和种类、水的比例、以及搅拌的时间、增加分散剂等方法调试浆料的性能指标,使其符合设定的标准,从而使所得的化浆泥浆性能最优。在此步骤进行一次浆料性能指标检测,若性能不合格可及时进行调整,降低混合泥浆调试时的难度。
具体的,细度会影响泥浆的悬浮性、渗透性和坯体的抗折强度,若细度过细,会延长吃浆时间,坯体容易作软瘫塌;若细度过粗,半成品抗折强度,加工性能变差。若触变性能增加,会导致泥浆在使用中放浆不干净、出现泥缕,坯体透水性导致坯体内外密度差进而引起干燥裂纹、烧成裂纹等等的缺陷。
进一步的,步骤(3)中,球磨泥浆转移至混合池前,进行泥浆性能指标检测;
当球磨泥浆和化浆泥浆转移至混合池并混合均匀后,检测并调试混合池中泥浆的性能指标。
具体的,将浆料检测调试分为化浆泥浆一次检测调试、球磨泥浆二次检测和混合泥浆三次检测调试,降低了对于原料称量精准度的要求,进行了多次的检测和调试,相对于在最后进行一次浆料检测和调试,减轻了浆料调试的难度,更有利于获得指标精准的浆料,同时还能有效避免浆料报废的情况,同时也节约了调试的时间,提高制浆效率。当混合泥浆的性能指标合格后,再陈腐待用。
需要说明的是,当化浆池内浆料的性能指标合格后进行过筛和除铁步骤,将浆料中的大颗粒以及铁剂去除,才将化浆泥浆转移至混合池。球磨泥浆进行过筛和除铁步骤,将浆料中的大颗粒以及铁剂去除,才进行性能检测。
进一步的,球磨泥浆重量占混合泥浆重量的30%~70%。
半瘠性半可塑性原料以重量比计包含:入球原料A 10%~100%,余量为化浆原料B;
软质可塑性原料以重量比计包含:入球原料C 0%~20%,余量为化浆原料D。
将球磨泥浆重量占混合泥浆重量的30%~70%,在此范围内,采用球磨和化浆分别制浆的方式,相对于全部原料球磨制浆,明显提高了生产效率和在很大程度上降低了能耗,需要说明的是,球磨泥浆重量占混合泥浆重量的比值越小,生产效率越高,能量消耗越少。同时,根据配方中原料种类调整三类原料的入球量,保证球磨泥浆有较好的悬浮效果。
进一步的,当球磨泥浆占混合泥浆重量比例增加时,入球原料A占半瘠性半可塑性原料的重量比例增加。
本发明中,硬质瘠性原料全部入球磨机进行球磨,当根据生产需要提高球磨泥浆占混合泥浆重量比时,则增加半瘠性半可塑性原料入球磨机的比例,并根据入球原料A的具体原料即入球量调整软质可塑性原料入球磨机的比例,以使球磨泥浆有较好的悬浮效果。
值得说明的是,当球磨泥浆的重量占混合泥浆重量为30%时,由于整体的入球量少,球磨机中加入入球原料A与硬质瘠性原料共同球磨,基于半瘠性半可塑性原料具有一定的可塑性和悬浮性,便可使球磨泥浆具有良好的悬浮性,故入球原料C可以不加或少加,此时入球原料C占软质可塑性原料的重量比为0~20%;当球磨泥浆的重量占混合泥浆重量为40%或50%时,入球量较大,此时投入的入球原料A的量所获得的球磨泥浆的悬浮性差,所以必须要投入入球原料C共同球磨,故此时入球原料C占软质可塑性原料的重量比为10%~20%;当球磨泥浆的重量占混合泥浆重量为60%时,相对的球磨机中加入的入球原料A的重量也较多,不加或少加入球原料C共同球磨,便可使球磨泥浆具有良好的悬浮性,故此时入球原料C占软质可塑性原料的重量比为0%~20%;当球磨泥浆的重量占混合泥浆重量为70%时,相对的球磨机中加入的入球原料A的重量也很多,不加或少加入球原料C共同球磨,便可使球磨泥浆具有良好的悬浮性,此时为了减少入球量,入球原料C占软质可塑性原料的重量比为0%~10%。
进一步的,硬质瘠性原料、半瘠性半可塑性原料和软质可塑性原料的重量比例为4:2:4或4:3:3或3:4:3。
根据硬质瘠性原料、半瘠性半可塑性原料和软质可塑性原料所选择的具体原料来进行搭配三者之间的比例和制备陶瓷泥浆。当硬质瘠性原料、半瘠性半可塑性原料和软质可塑性原料的重量比例为4:2:4或4:3:3或3:4:3左右时,所制备的陶瓷泥浆的可塑性、悬浮性、成形性和结合能力等各种性能较优。
进一步的,硬质瘠性原料包括钾长石粉、石英砂、钠砂、煅烧高岭土、花岗岩、霞石正长岩、浮岩、珍珠岩、锂辉石、锂云母、滑石、硅灰石、透辉石、方解石、石灰石、白云石、菱镁矿、锆英石、萤石中的一种或多种。
用在陶瓷生产中,硬质瘠性原料决定了坯体的强度,加入硬质瘠性原料有助于减少坯体在干燥和烧成时收缩和变形,加快半成品干燥速度,减少制品开裂。优选的,硬质瘠性原料为长石类矿物原料,塑性指数低,需球磨才可制成泥浆,可根据所需泥浆的配方和性能而选择其中的一种或多种来调配。
进一步的,半瘠性半可塑性原料包括北海高岭土、大同高岭土、章村瓷土、叶腊石、碱石、粗加工的水洗高岭土、星子高岭土、紫木节中的一种或多种。
半瘠性半可塑性原料具有一定的可塑性、粘结性、悬浮性和结合能力,赋予陶瓷泥浆良好的成形性,有利于坯体成形且可防止陶瓷制品的变形,使烧成温度变宽,还能使坯体具有一定的白度。优选的,半瘠性半可塑性原料为高岭土类矿物原料,可根据所需泥浆的配方和性能而选择其中的一种或多种来调配。
进一步的,软质可塑性原料包括黑泥类、潮州泥、水洗球土、优质龙岩高岭土、紫木节、复合型高岭土中的一种或多种。
软质可塑性原料赋予坯体可塑性与烧结性从而保证了陶瓷制品的成型、烧结与较好的性能。并且软质可塑性原料可直接化浆搅拌制作成泥浆,减少了整体的球磨量,从而大大提高效率和降低能耗。优选的,软质可塑性原料为黏土类矿物原料,可根据所需泥浆的性能而选择其中的一种或多种来调配。
以下通过实施例进一步阐述本发明。
实施例组1
一种高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
(1)陶瓷泥浆原料分类为:硬质瘠性原料、半瘠性半可塑性原料和软质可塑性原料;硬质瘠性原料的塑性指数为IP≤10,半瘠性半可塑性原料的塑性指数为10<IP<17,软质可塑性原料的塑性指数为IP≥17。其中,半瘠性半可塑性原料包括入球原料A和化浆原料B;软质可塑性原料包括入球原料C和化浆原料D。
将硬质瘠性原料、入球原料A和入球原料C共同投入球磨机中进行球磨,球磨结束后进行过筛和除铁步骤,得到球磨泥浆;
(2)将化浆原料B和化浆原料D共同投入化浆池并加水搅拌,搅拌过程中,检测并调试化浆池中浆料的性能指标,当浆料的性能指标合格后停止搅拌,进行过筛和除铁步骤,得到化浆泥浆;
(3)将球磨泥浆和化浆泥浆转移至混合池,混合均匀,检测并调试混合池中泥浆的性能指标,得到混合泥浆。其中,球磨泥浆转移至混合池前,进行泥浆性能指标检测。
值得说明的是,本实施例组中硬质瘠性原料、半瘠性半可塑性原料和软质可塑性原料的重量比为4:2:4或4:3:3或3:4:3。
本实施例组中,球磨泥浆占混合泥浆重量比30%,入球原料A占半瘠性半可塑性原料的重量比为10~20%,入球原料C占软质可塑性原料的重量比0~20%。
具体的,本实施例组中球磨泥浆占混合泥浆重量比为30%,入球原料A占半瘠性半可塑性原料的重量比为10%、13%、15%、18%和20%,入球原料C占软质可塑性原料的重量比为0%、5%、8%、12%、15%、18%和20%。上述入球原料A占比和入球原料C占比可在限定范围内自由搭配,均可使球磨泥浆具有较好的悬浮效果,达到制浆要求。
在实际生产中,球磨机的运行时间一般为7~12小时,球磨机电机的功率为90KW;搅拌机的搅拌时间通常为2~4小时,搅拌机电机的功率为15KW。当需要生产50吨陶瓷泥浆时,根据常规的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺,最少需要球磨3次,最少消电量为90×7×3=1890(kW·h)。
根据本实施例的制备工艺,步骤(1)的陶瓷泥浆原料球磨一次便可,此时按重量比,30%的陶瓷泥浆球磨制得,70%的陶瓷泥浆搅拌制得,即球磨15吨陶瓷泥浆和搅拌35吨陶瓷泥浆,球磨机的最少消电量为90×7=630(kW·h),搅拌机的最少消电量为15×4=60(kW·h),对比常规的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺最少节约电耗1200(kW·h),最小节约率为1200/1890=63.5%,如果按照最大节约率计算,最大节约电耗为(90×12×3)(kW·h)-(90×12+15×2)(kW·h)=2130(kW·h),最大节约率为2130/3240=65.7%。
同时,由于球磨时间远远大于搅拌时间,使生产效率大大提升,当球磨泥浆的重量占混合泥浆重量为30%时,多生产出了70/30=2.3倍的泥浆,相同时间下生产效率提升233%。
综上所述,当球磨泥浆占混合泥浆重量比为30%时,耗电节约率为63.5%~65.7%,生产效率提升233%。
实施例组2
本实施例的一种高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺与实施例1基本相同,不同之处在于本实施例组中,球磨泥浆占混合泥浆重量比40%,入球原料A占半瘠性半可塑性原料的重量比为20%~40%,入球原料C占软质可塑性原料的重量比10%~20%。
具体的,本实施例组中球磨泥浆占混合泥浆重量比为40%,入球原料A占半瘠性半可塑性原料的重量比为20%、25%、30、35%和40%,入球原料C占软质可塑性原料的重量比为10%、13%、17%和20%。上述入球原料A占比和入球原料C占比可在限定范围内自由搭配,均可使球磨泥浆具有较好的悬浮效果,达到制浆要求。
根据实施例1的能耗计算方法得出,本实施例的耗电节约率为56.2%~58.9%,生产效率提升150%。
实施例组3
本实施例的一种高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺与实施例1基本相同,不同之处在于本实施例组中,球磨泥浆占混合泥浆重量比50%,入球原料A占半瘠性半可塑性原料的重量比为40%~60%,入球原料C占软质可塑性原料的重量比10%~20%。
具体的,球磨泥浆占混合泥浆重量比为50%,入球原料A占半瘠性半可塑性原料的重量比40%、45%、50%、55%和60%,入球原料C占软质可塑性原料的重量比为10%、13%、17%和20%。上述入球原料A占比和入球原料C占比可在限定范围内自由搭配,均可使球磨泥浆具有较好的悬浮效果,达到制浆要求。
根据实施例1的能耗计算方法得出,本实施例的耗电节约率为42.9%~48.6%,生产效率提升100%。
实施例组4
本实施例的一种高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺与实施例1基本相同,不同之处在于本实施例组中,球磨泥浆占混合泥浆重量比60%,入球原料A占半瘠性半可塑性原料的重量比为60%~80%,入球原料C占软质可塑性原料的重量比0%~20%。
具体的,球磨泥浆占混合泥浆重量比为60%,入球原料A占半瘠性半可塑性原料的重量比60%、65%、70%、75%和80%,入球原料C占软质可塑性原料的重量比为0%、5%、8%、12%、15%、18%和20%。上述入球原料A占比和入球原料C占比可在限定范围内自由搭配,均可使球磨泥浆具有较好的悬浮效果,达到制浆要求。
根据实施例1的能耗计算方法得出,本实施例的耗电节约率为31.5%~35.8%,生产效率提升67.7%。
实施例组5
本实施例的一种高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺与实施例1基本相同,不同之处在于本实施例组中,球磨泥浆占混合泥浆重量比70%,入球原料A占半瘠性半可塑性原料的重量比为80~100%,入球原料C占软质可塑性原料的重量比0%~10%。
具体的,球磨泥浆占混合泥浆重量比为70%,入球原料A占半瘠性半可塑性原料的重量比80%、85%、90%、95%和100%,入球原料C占软质可塑性原料的重量比为0%、3%、7%和10%。上述入球原料A占比和入球原料C占比可在限定范围内自由搭配,均可使球磨泥浆具有较好的悬浮效果,达到制浆要求。
根据实施例1的能耗计算方法得出,本实施例的耗电节约率为15.8%~20.9%,生产效率提升43%。
以上结合具体实施例描述了本发明的技术原理。这些描述只是为了解释本发明的原理,而不能以任何方式解释为对本发明保护范围的限制。基于此处的解释,本领域的技术人员不需要付出创造性的劳动即可联想到本发明的其它具体实施方式,这些方式都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)陶瓷泥浆原料分类为:硬质瘠性原料、半瘠性半可塑性原料和软质可塑性原料;
按重量比,所述半瘠性半可塑性原料包括10%~100%入球原料A和0~90%化浆原料B;所述软质可塑性原料包括0%~20%入球原料C和80%~100%化浆原料D;
将所述硬质瘠性原料、所述入球原料A和所述入球原料C共同投入球磨机中进行球磨,得到球磨泥浆;
(2)将所述化浆原料B和所述化浆原料D共同投入化浆池并加水搅拌,得到化浆泥浆;
(3)将所述球磨泥浆和所述化浆泥浆转移至混合池,混合均匀,得到混合泥浆,其中,所述球磨泥浆重量占所述混合泥浆重量的30%~70%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺,其特征在于,所述硬质瘠性原料的塑性指数为IP≤10,所述半瘠性半可塑性原料的塑性指数为10<IP<17,所述软质可塑性原料的塑性指数为IP≥17。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)的搅拌过程中,检测并调试化浆池中浆料的性能指标,当浆料的性能指标合格后停止搅拌,得到所述化浆泥浆。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中,所述球磨泥浆转移至混合池前,进行泥浆性能指标检测;
当所述球磨泥浆和所述化浆泥浆转移至混合池并混合均匀后,检测并调试混合池中泥浆的性能指标。
5.根据权利要求1所述的高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺,其特征在于,当所述球磨泥浆占所述混合泥浆重量比例增加时,所述入球原料A占所述半瘠性半可塑性原料的重量比例增加。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺,其特征在于,所述硬质瘠性原料、所述半瘠性半可塑性原料和所述软质可塑性原料的重量比为4:2:4或4:3:3或3:4:3。
7.根据权利要求1所述的高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺,其特征在于,所述硬质瘠性原料包括钾长石粉、石英砂、钠砂、煅烧高岭土、花岗岩、霞石正长岩、浮岩、珍珠岩、锂辉石、锂云母、滑石、硅灰石、透辉石、方解石、石灰石、白云石、菱镁矿、锆英石、萤石中的一种或多种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺,其特征在于,所述半瘠性半可塑性原料包括北海高岭土、大同高岭土、章村瓷土、叶腊石、碱石、粗加工的水洗高岭土、星子高岭土、紫木节中的一种或多种。
9.根据权利要求1所述的高效率的陶瓷泥浆制备工艺,其特征在于,所述软质可塑性原料包括黑泥类、潮州泥、水洗球土、优质龙岩高岭土、紫木节、复合型高岭土中的一种或多种。
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| CN117185658A (zh) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-12-08 | 江西唯美陶瓷有限公司 | 一种陶瓷釉料的混合加工方法及生产系统 |
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