CN112093993A - Ecological energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and in particular relates to an ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment and a treatment system. The treatment equipment includes a treatment tank, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe. The treatment tank is provided with an anaerobic pretreatment area, an anoxic treatment area, an aerobic treatment area and a sedimentation water outlet area. The water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively connected with the anaerobic pretreatment area. Connected to the precipitation effluent area, the anaerobic pretreatment area, the anoxic treatment area, the aerobic treatment area and the precipitation effluent area are connected in sequence. There is also a backflow structure between the anaerobic treatment area and the aerobic treatment area. Part of the aerobic treatment water in the aerobic treatment zone is returned to the anoxic treatment zone. The domestic sewage is discharged into the treatment tank through the water inlet pipe. After anaerobic, anoxic, aerobic and sedimentation treatment, the effluent quality reaches the first-class B standard of "Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants", and the effluent can be directly discharged to meet the requirements The treatment demand of rural domestic sewage has broad application prospects in rural areas.

Description

Ecological energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment and treatment system

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water treatment, and more particularly relates to an ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment and a treatment system.

Background technique

In recent years, with the proposal of my country's "beautiful countryside" construction concept and the promulgation of the "Water Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan", the importance of rural domestic sewage treatment has been continuously increased. In general, due to the characteristics of small scale, large quantity and high dispersion of domestic sewage in rural areas, the traditional centralized collection and centralized treatment of rural sewage is subject to high costs, large land acquisition areas, large compensation for young crops, and difficult operation and maintenance. Due to the limitation of various factors, it is difficult to effectively implement in rural domestic sewage treatment.

Although the traditional three-format septic tank plays a very important role in the improvement of rural water environment and sanitary environment, because the traditional septic tank can only temporarily store domestic sewage, and perform simple interception and sedimentation treatment, Although some organic substances in the sewage can be decomposed anaerobic during the storage process, the quality of the effluent cannot meet the national assessment targets for black and odorous water and the actual needs of rural resource utilization, and the effluent will also become a source of pollution, polluting the natural water around the pool, causing The surrounding water bodies are black and smelly. When traditional septic tanks are used alone as a treatment measure for rural domestic sewage, they cannot meet the environmental protection requirements of rural construction under the concept of beautiful rural construction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment and a treatment system, so as to solve the problem that the traditional septic tank in the prior art has poor domestic sewage treatment effect and poor effluent quality, and cannot be treated as rural domestic sewage alone. Measures are used alone for technical issues.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is: an ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment, comprising a treatment tank, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe connected to the treatment tank, and an anaerobic pretreatment zone, an anaerobic pretreatment area, a Anoxic treatment zone, aerobic treatment zone and precipitation effluent zone;

The water inlet pipe is connected with the anaerobic pretreatment area, and is used to discharge the domestic sewage to be treated externally into the anaerobic pretreatment area for anaerobic pretreatment. The anoxic treatment area is connected with the anaerobic pretreatment area and used for The pretreated effluent discharged from the anaerobic pretreatment zone is subjected to anoxic treatment, and the aerobic treatment zone is communicated with the anoxic treatment zone, and is used for aerobic treatment of the anoxic treated effluent discharged from the anoxic treatment zone, and the precipitation effluent zone It is connected with the aerobic treatment area, and is used to store and precipitate the aerobic treatment water discharged from the aerobic treatment area, and the outlet pipe is connected with the sedimentation outlet area and used to discharge the water in the sedimentation outlet area;

A backflow structure is also arranged between the anaerobic treatment zone and the aerobic treatment zone, and the backflow structure is used to return part of the aerobic treatment water in the aerobic treatment zone to the anoxic treatment zone.

In some embodiments, the treatment tank is provided with a first partition wall, the anoxic treatment area and the aerobic treatment area are located on opposite sides of the first partition wall, respectively, and the first partition wall is provided with a first flow hole, The anoxic treated water is discharged into the aerobic treatment zone through the first flow hole;

The treatment tank is provided with a first partition wall, the anoxic treatment area and the aerobic treatment area are respectively located on opposite sides of the first partition wall, the first partition wall is provided with a first flow hole, and the anoxic treated water passes through the first partition wall. A flow hole is discharged into the aerobic treatment zone;

The aerobic treatment zone is provided with an aerobic packing layer and an aeration device, the aeration device is installed on the bottom wall of the treatment tank, and the aerobic packing layer extends upward from the bottom wall of the treatment tank.

In some embodiments, the backflow structure is a deflector, the deflector includes a support portion connected to the bottom wall of the treatment tank and a flow guide portion connected to the support portion, and the first partition wall is spaced from the bottom wall of the treatment tank. the suspended end, the support part is located below the suspended end and is spaced from the first partition wall to form a backwater area, the deflector is located in the aerobic treatment area and is set in the slope towards the backwater area, the suspended end and the support The part or the guide part is spaced and formed with a return channel, and the guide part partially shields the aerobic packing layer and the aeration device.

In some embodiments, the treatment tank is further provided with a second partition wall, the aerobic treatment area and the precipitation water area are respectively located on opposite sides of the second partition wall, where the second partition wall is connected to the bottom wall of the treatment tank A second flow-through hole is opened at the place, and the aerobic treatment water is discharged into the precipitation effluent area through the second flow-through hole.

In some embodiments, the treatment tank is further provided with a third partition wall, the anaerobic pretreatment zone and the anoxic zone are respectively located on opposite sides of the third partition wall, and the third partition wall is located in the anaerobic pretreatment zone A plurality of rectifier plates are arranged at intervals on the side walls, and an overflow elbow is also installed on the third partition wall. The water inlet of the overflow elbow extends into the anaerobic pretreatment zone and is located between two adjacent rectifier plates. An oxygen-deficient packing layer is also arranged in the middle of the oxygen treatment zone, the water outlet of the overflow elbow extends into the anoxic treatment zone at a position below the oxygen-deficient packing layer, and the water outlet of the overflow elbow faces the anoxic packing. Layer settings.

In some embodiments, a plurality of rectifying plates are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the ends of each of the rectifier plates away from the third partition wall are connected by a connecting plate, and the water inlet of the overflow pipe is located between the connecting plate and the third partition wall.

In some embodiments, the anaerobic pretreatment zone is further provided with a basket for filtering suspended solids in domestic sewage, the water outlet of the water inlet pipe is located above the rectifier plate, and the basket is located between the water outlet of the water inlet pipe and the rectifier plate .

In some embodiments, a distribution pipe for distributing the water in the anaerobic pretreatment zone to the aerobic treatment zone is also installed in the treatment tank, the water inlet of the distribution pipe is located in the anaerobic pretreatment zone, and the water outlet of the distribution pipe is located in the anaerobic pretreatment zone. Located in the aerobic treatment zone.

In some embodiments, the volume ratio of the anaerobic pretreatment zone, the anoxic treatment zone, the aerobic treatment zone, and the precipitation effluent zone is 1.5:1:2:0.5.

The above one or more technical solutions in the ecological energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment provided by the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: the ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment of the present invention, when in use, the domestic sewage to be treated passes through the water inlet pipe First enter the anaerobic pretreatment zone for treatment, and hydrolyze the long-chain organic matter that is difficult to degrade in the domestic sewage through anaerobic biological reaction, so that the organic matter in the water body is easier to degrade, and the anaerobic environment can also kill some bacteria and insect eggs; Then, the pretreated effluent after anaerobic pretreatment flows into the anoxic treatment area for anoxic treatment. The anoxic treatment area mainly performs denitrification and denitrification through anoxic reaction, and converts nitrate nitrogen in the water body into nitrogen to remove, reducing the The total nitrogen content in the water body; the anoxic treated water flowing out from the anoxic treatment zone is further discharged to the aerobic treatment zone for aerobic treatment, the water body undergoes aerobic reaction in the aerobic treatment zone, and the water body is removed by the aerobic reaction At the same time, it can adsorb and remove phosphorus in the water body and reduce the content of phosphorus in the water body. In addition, the aerobic nitrification reaction can be carried out in the aerobic treatment zone to convert the ammonia nitrogen in the water body into nitrate nitrogen. , through the backflow structure arranged between the aerobic treatment area and the anoxic treatment area, part of the water in the aerobic treatment area can be returned to the anoxic treatment area, so that the nitrate nitrogen is finally converted into nitrogen and overflows the water body; , the water after aerobic treatment flows into the sedimentation water area for mud-water separation, and the separated supernatant is discharged through the water outlet pipe. In this way, after the domestic sewage flows through the ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment, the effluent quality can reach the first-class B standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants", and the effluent will not pollute the surrounding environment and can be used as farmland. Irrigation water or river supplementary water is directly discharged, and the treated residue can also be used as irrigation fertilizer for farmland to realize resource reuse; and the ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment has a tank-type building form, which is convenient for construction and can be distributed according to needs. It is designed to meet the treatment needs of rural domestic sewage, and has a wide range of application prospects in areas such as rural areas where it is inconvenient to build plant-based sewage treatment plants.

Another technical solution of the present invention is to provide an ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment system, including the above-mentioned ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment.

The treatment system of the present invention, by using the above-mentioned ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment, can achieve efficient degradation of pollutants in domestic sewage, and the effluent quality can reach the first-class B standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants". , the effluent can be directly discharged as farmland irrigation water or river supplementary water source, which is suitable for small-scale, large-scale and highly dispersed water treatment projects.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. In some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a top plan view of an ecological energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a middle-level plan view of an ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an ecological energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a bottom plan view of an ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Among them, each reference sign in the figure:

10-treatment tank; 100-ground; 101-first cleaning hole; 102-second cleaning hole; 103-first inspection hole; 104-second inspection hole; 105-mud discharge hole; 11-anaerobic preheating Treatment area; 111-rectification plate; 1111-rectification hole; 112-flow elbow; 113-connecting plate; 114-basket; 12-anoxia treatment zone; 121-return zone; - Aerobic treatment area; 131 - Aerobic packing layer; 132 - Aeration device; 133 - Dissolved oxygen detector; 14 - Precipitation water area; 15 - Backflow structure; 151 - Support part; 161-first flow hole; 163-return channel; 17-second separation wall; 171-second flow hole; 18-third separation wall; 19-distribution pipe; 20-water inlet pipe; 30-water outlet pipe; 31-tubular sterilizer; 40-solar power generation device.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1 to 4 and the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

It is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top" , "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the indicated A device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

Reference to "one embodiment," "some embodiments," or "an embodiment" described in this specification means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the invention . Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in other embodiments," etc. in various places in this specification are not necessarily All refer to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments" unless specifically emphasized otherwise. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

The proper nouns and English abbreviations appearing in this article are explained below:

BOD ₅ : Biochemical oxygen demand, an important indicator that indirectly indicates the degree of water pollution by organic matter by the amount of dissolved oxygen consumed by microbial metabolism. It represents the amount of free oxygen consumed by the oxidative decomposition of organic matter per unit volume of water by aerobic microorganisms in 5 days, expressed in units of milligrams per liter of oxygen (O ₂ , mg/L). It is mainly used to monitor the pollution of organic matter in water bodies.

COD: chemical oxygen demand, refers to the chemical measurement of the amount of reducing substances that need to be oxidized in a water sample. Oxygen equivalent of substances (usually organic) that can be oxidized by strong oxidants in sewage, sewage treatment plant effluent and polluted water.

SS: Suspended solids concentration.

TN: Total nitrogen, the total amount of inorganic and organic nitrogen in various forms in the water.

TP: total phosphorus, the total amount of phosphorus in various forms in water.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment. The device is suitable for, but not limited to, the treatment of rural domestic sewage. It is also suitable for other rural domestic sewage with similar characteristics. sewage treatment project.

Specifically, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, the ecological energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment includes a treatment tank 10, and the treatment tank 10 is provided with an anaerobic pretreatment zone 11, an anoxic treatment zone 12, an aerobic treatment zone 13 and a sedimentation zone. The water outlet area 14; wherein, there are a large number of anaerobic microorganisms in the anaerobic treatment area, which can carry out anaerobic reaction to decompose long-chain organic matter in the water body, and a large number of anoxic microorganisms, such as denitrifying bacteria, etc. are distributed in the anoxic treatment area 12 , it can convert nitrate nitrogen in the water body into nitrogen gas through anoxic reaction, thereby reducing the nitrogen content in the water and reducing the total nitrogen concentration in the water body. A large number of aerobic microorganisms are distributed in the aerobic treatment zone 13, such as ammonia oxidizing bacteria, Nitrifying bacteria, phosphorus accumulating bacteria, etc. Among them, ammonia oxidizing bacteria and nitrifying bacteria can convert ammonia nitrogen in water into nitrate nitrogen, and phosphorus accumulating bacteria can absorb and remove phosphorus in water, thereby reducing the total phosphorus concentration of water body.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the treatment tank 10 is also connected with a water inlet pipe 20 and a water outlet pipe 30 , wherein the water inlet pipe 20 is communicated with the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 . Specifically, the water inlet of the water inlet pipe 20 is connected to the The external domestic sewage discharge port is connected, for example, it is connected with the sewage pipe used for discharging domestic sewage in rural houses, etc. The water outlet of the water inlet pipe 20 is connected with the anaerobic pretreatment area 11, and the external domestic sewage to be treated is discharged through the water inlet pipe 20. Anaerobic pretreatment is carried out in the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11; further, the anoxic treatment zone 12 is communicated with the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11, and is used to perform anoxic treatment on the pretreated effluent discharged from the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 , the aerobic treatment zone 13 is communicated with the anoxic treatment zone 12, and is used for aerobic treatment of the anoxic treated effluent discharged from the anoxic treatment zone 12, and the precipitation effluent zone 14 is communicated with the aerobic treatment zone 13, and is used for The aerobic treatment water discharged from the aerobic treatment zone 13 is used to store sediment, and the outlet pipe 30 is connected to the sediment outlet zone 14 and used to discharge the water in the sediment outlet zone 14 . Furthermore, a backflow structure 15 is also provided between the anaerobic treatment zone and the aerobic treatment zone 13 , and the backflow structure 15 is used to return part of the aerobic treatment water in the aerobic treatment zone 13 to the anoxic treatment zone 12 .

The ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment of the embodiment of the present invention, when in use, the domestic sewage to be treated first enters the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 through the water inlet pipe 20 for treatment, and the long-chain refractory long-chain sewage in the domestic sewage is treated by anaerobic biological reaction. _The hydrolysis of organic matter makes the organic matter in the water easier to degrade, and the anaerobic environment can also kill some bacteria and insect eggs. L, COD is 100 ~ 200mg/L, SS is 50 ~ 100mg/L, of which BOD ₅ is reduced to below 60% of the influent concentration, COD is reduced to below 40% of the influent concentration, and SS is reduced to SS. 80% or less. Subsequently, the pretreated effluent after anaerobic pretreatment flows into the anoxic treatment zone 12 for anoxic treatment, and the anoxic treatment zone 12 mainly performs denitrification and denitrification through anoxic reaction, converting nitrate nitrogen in the water body into nitrogen gas for removal , reduce the concentration of TN in the water body; the anoxic treated water flowing out from the anoxic treatment zone 12 is further discharged to the aerobic treatment zone 13 for aerobic treatment, and the water body undergoes aerobic reaction in the aerobic treatment zone 13, and passes through the aerobic treatment zone 13. The oxygen reaction removes most of the organic matter in the water body, and at the same time it can adsorb and remove phosphorus in the water body, reducing the concentration of TP in the water body. In addition, the aerobic nitrification reaction can be carried out in the aerobic treatment zone 13 to convert the ammonia nitrogen in the water body. In this way, through the backflow structure 15 arranged between the aerobic treatment zone 13 and the anoxic treatment zone 12, part of the water in the aerobic treatment zone 13 is returned to the anoxic treatment zone 12, so that the nitrate Nitrogen is finally converted into nitrogen and overflows the water body; finally, the water body after aerobic treatment flows into the sedimentation water outlet 14 for mud-water separation, and the separated supernatant liquid is discharged through the water outlet pipe 30 . In this way, after the domestic sewage is processed by the ecological energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment of the present embodiment, the water quality of the effluent can reach the first-class B standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants", and the effluent will not cause pollution to the surrounding environment, It can be directly discharged as farmland irrigation water or river supplementary water source, and the treated residue can also be used as farmland irrigation fertilizer to realize resource reuse; and the tank-type building form of this ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment is convenient for construction. It needs to be distributed and deployed to meet the treatment needs of rural domestic sewage, and it has a wide range of application prospects in areas such as rural areas where it is inconvenient to build a plant-based sewage treatment plant.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the treatment tank 10 is provided with a first partition wall 16 , and the anoxic treatment zone 12 and the aerobic treatment zone 13 are respectively located opposite to the first partition wall 16 . On both sides, the first partition wall 16 is provided with a first flow hole 161, and the oxygen-deficient treatment water is discharged into the aerobic treatment zone 13 through the first flow hole 161. Specifically, the first flow hole 161 is arranged in the On the upper part of the first partition wall 16, the anoxic treated water flowing out from the anoxic treatment zone 12 flows into the aerobic treatment zone 13 by means of water drop, and the water drop process can enrich the water body with oxygen, thereby improving the entry into the aerobic treatment zone 13. the dissolved oxygen content of the water.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the aerobic treatment zone 13 is provided with an aerobic packing layer 131 and an aeration device 132 , the aeration device 132 is installed on the bottom wall of the treatment tank 10 , and the aerobic packing layer 131 is The bottom wall of the treatment tank 10 extends upward, and the guide portion 152 partially shields the aerobic packing layer 131 and the aeration device 132 . Specifically, a plurality of elastic fillers are arranged in the aerobic filler layer 131, a biofilm is formed on the elastic filler, and a large number of aerobic microorganisms are accumulated in the biofilm. oxygen.

Further, in the present embodiment, the height of the aerobic packing layer 131 extending upward from the bottom wall of the treatment tank 10 is 1/3 to 1/2 of the total height of the treatment tank 10, so as to ensure that the aerobic treatment zone 13 is well protected. The biological concentration of oxygen microorganisms provides the necessary conditions for the aerobic reaction of various pollutants in the water body.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned elastic fillers are preferably non-elastic threads, a plurality of center ropes are connected to the bottom wall of the tank body, and the elastic threads are connected and mounted on the center ropes, and float on the water body under the action of buoyancy. Inside the aerobic treatment zone 13 . Among them, the elastic strands are corrugated and have burrs, which have a larger specific surface area, which is conducive to the attachment of microorganisms, shortens the time of biofilm hanging, and increases the amount of film hanging. In this way, the biological concentration in the aerobic treatment zone 13 is improved. The oxygen treatment efficiency is improved. In addition, the elastic filler is arranged in a radial shape, has good flexibility, and can swing under the condition of water and gas impulse, thereby promoting the good metabolism of the biofilm, avoiding the blockage of the biofilm, and ensuring that the microorganisms in the biofilm have good reactivity, so that the Water, gas and microorganisms are fully mixed and contacted, so that the organic matter free in the water body can be fully degraded.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned relevant parameters of the elastic thread and the center rope are as follows:

Part Name material proportion strength Tensile Strength Continuous heat resistance elastic thread polypropylene 0.93 ≧120N ≧30MPa 800-100 center rope brushed polyethylene 0.95 ≧85daN ≧15MPa 800-100

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the above-mentioned backflow structure 15 is a deflector, and the deflector includes a support portion 151 connected to the bottom wall of the processing tank 10 and a support portion 151 connected to the support portion 151 . The first partition wall 16 has a suspended end spaced apart from the bottom wall of the processing tank 10, the support portion 151 is located below the suspended end and is spaced from the first partition wall 16 to form a backwater area 121, which guides the The flow plate is located in the aerobic treatment zone 13 and is arranged in the slope toward the water return zone 121. The suspended end is spaced from the support part 151 or the guide part 152 and forms a return channel 163. The guide part 152 partially shields the aerobic packing layer 131 and Aeration device 132 . In this way, the water in the aerobic treatment zone 13 can enter the backwater zone 121 through the backflow channel 163 and mix with the water in the anoxic treatment zone 12 to perform denitrification and denitrification; and, in the process of flowing into the backwater zone 121 , since the aeration device 132 aerates upward from the bottom wall of the tank, the guide part 152 of the guide plate can play the role of blocking the airflow, so that the guide part 152 stops the airflow from directly scouring the water body in the water return area 121 , so as to prevent the backflow water from disturbing the existing water body in the anoxic treatment zone 12 and affecting the treatment efficiency of the anoxic reaction, and when the water body flows into the backwater zone 121 through the backflow channel 163 , the mud in the water body will be deposited on the diversion portion 152 , the diversion part 152 is sloping to the backwater area 121, and the sludge deposited on the diversion part 152 can flow into the bottom of the backwater area 121 along the diversion part 152, thereby promoting the sedimentation of the mud in the water body in the backwater area 121, The mud-water separation of the water body in the anoxic treatment zone 12 is promoted. In this embodiment, the bottom wall of the treatment tank 10 close to the support portion 151 is also provided with a mud discharge hole 105. As shown in FIG. 4, the mud discharge hole 105 is connected to the sedimentation water area 14 through a mud discharge pipe (not shown). The sludge entering the return water area 121 is discharged into the sedimentation water area 14 through the sludge discharge hole 105 for unified treatment.

In this way, by setting the above-mentioned baffles, the water flow in the aerobic treatment zone 13 can be partially returned to the anoxic treatment zone 12, so that nitrogen in the water body can be removed through the complete reaction process of nitrification and denitrification, and anoxic Partial return of sewage can be realized without setting a return pump between the treatment area 12 and the aerobic treatment area 13, the electric components in the treatment tank 10 are reduced, the energy consumption is lower, and the operation management and maintenance are more convenient.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the treatment tank 10 is further provided with a second partition wall 17 , and the aerobic treatment zone 13 and the precipitation effluent zone 14 are respectively located opposite to the second partition wall 17 . On both sides, second flow holes 171 are opened at the positions where the second partition wall 17 is connected to the bottom wall of the treatment tank 10 , and the aerobic treatment water is discharged into the precipitation water area 14 through the second flow holes 171 . Specifically, when the aeration device 132 aerates, the sludge in the water body is flushed upward through air lift, so that the sludge is discharged to the precipitation water outlet area 14 along with the water flow. In this way, the second flow hole 171 is provided in the treatment tank 10 At the bottom position, when the water flow is discharged from the second flow hole 171, increase the amount of sludge discharged with the water body as much as possible, improve the sludge discharge effect, avoid sludge deposition in the aerobic treatment zone 13, and affect the aerobic treatment. It is carried out normally, and the sludge is collected in a centralized manner to the precipitation effluent area 14 for unified discharge and treatment, and the sludge treatment and disposal are more convenient.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the treatment tank 10 is further provided with a third partition wall 18 , and the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 and the anoxic zone are respectively located opposite to the third partition wall 18 . On both sides, the side walls of the third partition wall 18 located in the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 are provided with a plurality of rectifier plates 111 at intervals, and a flow elbow 112 is also installed on the third partition wall 18. The water inlet extends into the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 and is located between two adjacent rectifier plates 111 , and an anoxic filler layer 122 is also provided in the middle of the anoxic treatment zone 12 . Specifically, the anoxic filler layer 122 is provided with a bracket (not shown in the figure), and the bracket is provided with a number of porous fillers, such as ceramsite or other porous spherical fillers. Microorganisms that react with hypoxia, so that the biological concentration in the hypoxia treatment zone 12 is increased, and the efficiency of hypoxia treatment is improved. Further, the water outlet of the overflow elbow 112 extends into the anoxic treatment zone 12 at a position below the oxygen-deficient packing layer 122, and the water outlet of the overflow elbow 112 is arranged toward the anoxic packing layer 122 to avoid the flow of water from the anoxic filler layer 122. The pretreated effluent discharged from the water outlet of the flow elbow 112 directly falls into the backwater area 121 , and the sludge deposited in the backwater area 121 is washed away and mixed with sewage again, which affects the sedimentation efficiency of the sludge in the backwater area 121 .

In this way, in this embodiment, the flow state of the water body in the pre-anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 is changed by setting the rectifier plate 111, so as to prevent the water from the water inlet pipe 20 from impacting the water body in the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 and destroying the anaerobic state of the water body. It affects the efficiency of anaerobic treatment. At the same time, after the water flow is rectified by the rectifying plate 111, the flow is more stable, so that the sedimentation efficiency of sludge in the water body can be improved, so that the water body discharged through the overflow elbow 112 can carry less sludge and avoid sludge. Too much entering the anoxic treatment zone 12 will cause the filler to block and affect the normal progress of the anoxic reaction.

Further, in this embodiment, a plurality of rectifying plates 111 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the ends of each rectifying plate 111 away from the third partition wall 18 are connected through the connecting plate 113, and the water inlet of the overflow pipe is located between the connecting plate 113 and the third partition wall. 18, a plurality of water storage areas are formed between the connecting plate 113, the rectifying plate 111 and the third partition wall 18, the water flow in the water storage area is stable, and the overflow elbow 112 is set to enter the water in the water storage area, which can To avoid short flow of the effluent, ensure that the water in the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 is rectified by the rectifying plate 111 and then discharged through the overflow elbow 112 .

Further, in this embodiment, the water inflow of the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 adopts a submerged inflow inflow water, that is, the water outlet of the water inlet pipe 20 is deep into the water outlet below the water surface in the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11, so as to avoid water outlet. Falling into oxygenation destroys the anaerobic environment in the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 .

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 , the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 is further provided with a basket 114 for filtering suspended solids (SS) in the domestic sewage, and the water outlet of the water inlet pipe 20 is located at the rectifier Above the plate 111, the basket 114 is located between the water outlet of the water inlet pipe 20 and the rectifying plate 111, so that the domestic sewage to be treated discharged from the water outlet of the water inlet pipe 20 is flushed into the basket 114, and the basket 114 mixes the water body such as leaves , poultry feathers, and plastic suspended solids are trapped in the basket 114 to separate the suspended solids from water.

Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , the top of the treatment tank 10 corresponding to the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 is provided with a first cleaning hole 101 , and the basket 114 is suspended from the anaerobic pretreatment zone by ropes or the like. 11, so that the suspended solids collected in the basket 114 can be cleaned through the first cleaning hole 101. The first cleaning hole 101 is not used, and a heavy-duty well cover is used to cover the first cleaning hole 101 to prevent external debris from falling into the anaerobic pretreatment water zone.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , a distribution pipe 19 for distributing the water in the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 to the aerobic treatment zone 13 is also installed in the treatment tank 10 . The water inlet of 19 is located in the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11, and the water outlet of the distribution pipe 19 is located in the aerobic treatment zone 13, and the distributed sewage is discharged in the form of falling effluent, so that the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 is discharged from the anaerobic pretreatment zone. The oxygen-treated water is pre-oxygenated. Since most of the aerobic microorganisms in the aerobic treatment zone 13 are heterotrophic bacteria, their metabolism and reproduction require organic matter to provide energy. Therefore, by setting the distribution pipe 19, the pretreated water in the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 is directly discharged into the aerobic treatment zone 13 beyond the anoxic treatment zone 12 to supplement the organic matter in the aerobic treatment zone 13. content, to ensure that the microorganisms in the aerobic treatment zone 13 can grow and metabolize normally, so as to ensure that they have sufficient activity to carry out various biochemical reactions.

Further, in this embodiment, the ratio of the flow rate of water discharged from the distribution pipe 19 into the aerobic treatment zone 13 to the flow rate of the water discharged from the anoxic treatment zone 12 into the aerobic treatment zone 13 is about 3:7. Distributing the effluent of the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 under this ratio condition can ensure that the organic matter content in the water body of the aerobic treatment zone 13 is sufficient.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the total volume of the treatment tank 10 is about 2 m ³ , and the volume ratio of the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11 , the anoxic treatment zone 12 , the aerobic treatment zone 13 and the precipitation effluent zone 14 is 1.5 :1:2:0.5, in this way, the volume ratio of each anaerobic pretreatment zone 11, anoxic treatment zone 12, aerobic treatment zone 13 and precipitation effluent zone 14 is determined through digital flow analysis, water quality model simulation and engineering practice. , on the basis of achieving the optimal treatment effect in each treatment zone, the volume of the treatment tank 10 is greatly reduced. .

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 , a first inspection hole 103 is opened at the top of the treatment tank 10 corresponding to the aerobic treatment area 13 , and a first inspection hole 103 is opened at the top of the treatment tank 10 corresponding to the anoxic treatment area 12 . In the second inspection hole 104 , the maintenance personnel can perform inspection and maintenance on the devices and structures in the aerobic treatment zone 13 / anoxic treatment zone 12 through the first inspection hole 103 / the second inspection hole 104 . The first access hole 103 and the second access hole 104 are not used, but a heavy-duty manhole cover is used to cover the first access hole 103 and the second access hole 104 to prevent external debris from falling into the anoxic treatment area 12/aerobic treatment area 13.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1-3 , the outlet pipe 30 is connected to the upper part of the treatment tank 10 , and the upper layer of clean water in the sedimentation outlet area 14 is continuously discharged from the treatment tank 10 through the outlet pipe 30 . Further, the top of the treatment tank 10 corresponding to the precipitation water area 14 is also provided with a second cleaning hole 102. When the amount of sludge deposited in the sedimentation treatment area reaches the storage limit, the suction device can pass through the second cleaning hole 102. It extends into the sedimentation effluent area 14 and draws out the sedimented sludge. Instead of using the second cleaning hole 102 , a heavy-duty manhole cover is also used to cover the second cleaning hole 102 to prevent external debris from falling into the sedimentation water area 14 .

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , a tubular sterilizer 31 , such as a tubular ultraviolet sterilizer, is also provided in the water outlet pipe 30 to kill the water in the water body before discharging the outlet water. Other toxic bacteria or viruses, etc., further improve the biological safety of the effluent.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment further includes a solar power generation device 40, which is not limited to including solar panels, charge and discharge batteries, etc., and can convert solar energy into electrical energy, aerobic Dissolved oxygen detector 133 is also provided in the treatment zone 13 to test the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the aerobic treatment zone 13 to ensure that the dissolved oxygen in the water body in the aerobic treatment zone 13 meets the needs of the aerobic reaction, and further, The solar power generation device 40 is electrically connected to the aeration device 132 and the dissolved oxygen detector 133. In this way, the aeration device 132 and the dissolved oxygen detector 133 are provided with electrical energy through solar power generation, so that the ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment of this embodiment is more efficient. Energy saving and environmental protection.

In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the above-mentioned treatment tank 10 is preferably a glass tempered tank, the tank body adopts a sandstone foundation or a concrete foundation, the treatment tank 10 is buried below the ground 100, and the pit body is buried For details on excavation, please refer to "Selection and Burial of Glass Tempered Pool" (14SS706) for construction.

As follows, the treatment effect of the above-mentioned ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment will be described through a specific embodiment:

In this embodiment, the water inlet of the water inlet pipe 20, that is, the water inlet of the treatment tank 10 is as follows: the designed water inlet amount is 530L/d, wherein the COD inlet amount is 291.5kg/d, the BOD ₅ inlet amount is 137.8kg/d, and the ammonia nitrogen inlet amount is 137.8kg/d. The amount is 24.38kg/d, and the TP entry amount is 4.24kg/d.

The volume of the treatment tank 10 is 2m ³ , the length of the treatment tank 10 is 2m, the width is 1.3m, the maximum effective water depth in the tank is 0.8m, the anaerobic pretreatment zone 11, the anoxic treatment zone 12, the aerobic treatment zone 13 and The volumes of the precipitation effluent zone 14 are 0.624m ³ , 0.2m ³ , 0.823m ³ and 0.35m ³ respectively, and the hydraulic retention times of the anoxic treatment zone 12, aerobic treatment zone 13 and precipitation effluent zone 14 are 27.9h and 9.1h respectively. h, 37.3h and 15.8h.

The diameter of the rectifying holes 1111 on the rectifying plate 111 is 20 mm, the distance between two adjacent rectifying plates 111 is 60 mm, and the height of the water outlet of the water inlet pipe 20 is 180 mm.

The sludge concentration of the aerobic treatment zone 13 is 2g/L, the effective water depth is 0.8m, the sludge load is 0.04kgBOD/kgMLSS/d, the designed aeration rate is 0.20m ³ /h, and the air-water ratio is 9:1.

The effective water depth of the precipitation water area 14 was 0.6 m, and the surface load was 0.086 m ³ /m ² ·h.

The size of the solar panel of the solar power generation device 40 is 540mm×670mm, and the power of the solar panel is 50w. The solar power generation device 40 is provided with a 10AH energy storage lithium battery, and the energy storage lithium battery can last for 7 hours.

The default control time of the aeration device 132 is 50 minutes to start and 10 minutes to stop between 6:00 and 18:00, and 40 minutes to start and 80 minutes to stop between 19:00 and 5:00. The aeration device 132 adopts MPQ DC Type air pump, 38L/min, P=18w, noise less than 40dB.

Under the above-mentioned influent water quality and design parameters, the ecological energy-saving rural area of this embodiment treats domestic sewage regardless of the treatment equipment, and the water quality of the effluent discharged through the water outlet pipe 30 after the treatment meets the requirements of the "Urban Sewage Treatment Plant Pollutant Discharge Standard" 》The discharge requirements for relevant pollutants in the Class 1 B standard (as shown in the table below).

Another embodiment of the present invention also provides an ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment system, including the above-mentioned ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment.

The ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment system of the present invention, by using the above-mentioned ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment, can achieve efficient degradation of pollutants in domestic sewage, and the effluent quality can meet the "Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants". The effluent can be directly discharged as farmland irrigation water or river supplementary water, which is suitable for small-scale, large-scale and highly dispersed water treatment projects.

It can be understood that in some specific embodiments, the above-mentioned ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment can be used in conjunction with some other water treatment facilities or processes to form a treatment system. It can be used in conjunction with membrane treatment processes such as ultrafiltration and nanofiltration. For example, when the domestic sewage to be treated that is discharged into the treatment tank 10 through the water inlet pipe contains other uncommon refractory pollutants, it can also be used at the front end. Or a treatment facility or process corresponding to the degradation of the refractory pollutants is set at the end.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.

Claims (10)

1. an ecological energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment is characterized in that, comprising a treatment tank and a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe connected to the treatment tank, the treatment tank is provided with an anaerobic pretreatment zone, anoxic treatment zone, aerobic treatment zone and precipitation effluent zone; The water inlet pipe is communicated with the anaerobic pretreatment zone, and is used for discharging domestic sewage to be treated externally into the anaerobic pretreatment zone for anaerobic pretreatment, and the anoxic treatment zone is connected to the anaerobic pretreatment zone. The oxygen pretreatment zone is communicated with and is used for performing anoxic treatment on the pretreated effluent discharged from the anaerobic pretreatment zone, and the aerobic treatment zone is communicated with the anoxic treatment zone and is used for treating the pretreated effluent discharged from the anaerobic pretreatment zone. The anoxic treatment effluent discharged from the anoxic treatment zone is subjected to aerobic treatment, and the precipitation effluent zone is communicated with the aerobic treatment zone and is used for the aerobic treatment water discharged from the aerobic treatment zone to store sediment, so The water outlet pipe is connected with the sedimentation outlet zone and is used to discharge the water in the sediment outlet zone; Wherein, a backflow structure is further provided between the anaerobic treatment zone and the aerobic treatment zone, and the backflow structure is used to return part of the aerobic treatment water in the aerobic treatment zone to the anoxic treatment area. 2 . The ecological energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1 , wherein a first partition wall is arranged in the treatment tank, and the anoxic treatment area and the aerobic treatment area are respectively located in the On the opposite sides of the first partition wall, the first partition wall is provided with a first flow hole, and the anoxic treatment water is discharged into the aerobic treatment zone through the first flow hole; The aerobic treatment zone is provided with an aerobic packing layer and an aeration device, the aeration device is installed on the bottom wall of the treatment tank, and the aerobic packing layer extends upward from the bottom wall of the treatment tank . 3 . The ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment according to claim 2 , wherein the return structure is a deflector, and the deflector comprises a support portion connected to the bottom wall of the treatment tank and a support portion connected to the bottom wall of the treatment tank. 4 . The guide part connected to the support part, the first partition wall has a suspended end spaced from the bottom wall of the processing tank, the support part is located below the suspended end and is between the first partition wall and the bottom wall. A backwater area is formed in the interval, the guide plate is located in the aerobic treatment area and is arranged sloping to the backwater area, and the suspended end is arranged and formed at an interval with the support part or the guide part. There is a return channel, and the guide part partially shields the aerobic packing layer and the aeration device. 4. The ecological energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: the treatment tank is further provided with a second partition wall, and the aerobic treatment area and the precipitation water area are respectively located in the On opposite sides of the second partition wall, second flow holes are opened at the positions where the second partition wall is connected to the bottom wall of the treatment tank, and the aerobic treatment water passes through the second flow holes Discharge into the precipitation effluent zone. 5. The ecological energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: the treatment tank is further provided with a third partition wall, and the anaerobic pretreatment area and the anoxic area are respectively located in the The opposite sides of the third partition wall, the side walls of the third partition wall located in the anaerobic pretreatment zone are provided with a plurality of rectifier plates at intervals, and the third partition wall is also installed with flow bends The water inlet of the overflow elbow extends into the anaerobic pretreatment zone and is located between two adjacent rectifier plates, and an anoxic filler layer is also provided in the middle of the anoxic treatment zone The water outlet of the overflow elbow extends into the anoxic treatment zone at a position below the anoxic filler layer, and the water outlet of the overflow elbow is arranged toward the anoxic filler layer. 6 . The ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment according to claim 5 , wherein a plurality of said rectifying plates are arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the ends of each far away from the third partition wall are connected by connecting plates, and the said The water inlet of the overflow pipe is located between the connecting plate and the third partition wall. 7 . The ecological energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment according to claim 5 , wherein the anaerobic pretreatment zone is further provided with a basket for filtering suspended solids in the domestic sewage, and the water inlet pipe The water outlet is located above the rectifying plate, and the basket is located between the water outlet of the water inlet pipe and the rectifying plate. 8. The ecological energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the treatment tank is also installed with a device for distributing the water in the anaerobic pretreatment area to the The distribution pipe of the aerobic treatment area, the water inlet of the distribution pipe is located in the anaerobic pretreatment area, and the water outlet of the distribution pipe is located in the aerobic treatment area. 9 . The ecological energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment according to claim 1 , wherein the anaerobic pretreatment area, the anoxic treatment area, the aerobic treatment area and the The volume ratio of the precipitation water area is 1.5:1:2:0.5. 10 . An ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment system, characterized by comprising the ecological and energy-saving rural sewage treatment equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 9 .

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