CN112068277A - Multistage flexible supporting structure of large-caliber optical lens - Google Patents
Multistage flexible supporting structure of large-caliber optical lens Download PDFInfo
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- CN112068277A CN112068277A CN202010892431.9A CN202010892431A CN112068277A CN 112068277 A CN112068277 A CN 112068277A CN 202010892431 A CN202010892431 A CN 202010892431A CN 112068277 A CN112068277 A CN 112068277A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
- G02B7/025—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses using glue
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
- G02B7/028—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with means for compensating for changes in temperature or for controlling the temperature; thermal stabilisation
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multistage flexible supporting structure of a large-aperture optical lens, which comprises a lens base, a plurality of indium steel supporting pads and a plurality of flexible supporting units, wherein the indium steel supporting pads are uniformly arranged on the lens base and are connected with the large-aperture optical lens; each flexible supporting unit is connected to the corresponding indium steel supporting pad and the corresponding lens base, each flexible supporting unit comprises a radial flexible supporting unit and an axial flexible supporting unit connected to the radial flexible supporting unit, the radial flexible supporting units and the axial flexible supporting units are matched with each other to constrain six degrees of freedom of the large-aperture optical lens in space on the rigidity in four directions, the radial flexible supporting units are used for compensating thermal stress generated by difference of thermal expansion coefficients of lens materials and lens base materials, and the axial flexible supporting units are used for compensating stress introduced by structural deformation and machining errors of the lens base.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foundation large-scale optical telescope structures, in particular to a multi-stage flexible supporting structure of a large-caliber optical lens.
Background
In order to meet the requirements of large-scale time domain sky patrol, galaxy measurement, detection of dark substances and dark energy, sun-based planet search and the like, a plurality of major focus type large-view field telescopes are built at home and abroad, such as 8.2 m-starry telescope (subareu) on Japanese astronomical instruments, a wide-view field Dark Energy Spectrometer (DESI) on a 4-meter telescope Mayall, a large-view field telescope LSST with the caliber of 8.4 meters, a 2.16-meter base for Xinglong observation and the like. In order to realize large relative aperture and large visual field, the telescope is mainly characterized in that an optical lens with a very large caliber is adopted at the position of a main focus, and the caliber of the maximum lens in LSST is 1.6 meters.
In order to realize the expected detection capability and measurement accuracy of the large-field telescope, the position accuracy and the mirror surface shape accuracy of the optical lens at the primary focus of the large-field telescope need to be ensured. For a large-aperture optical lens, the position precision and the surface shape precision of the mirror surface are ensured by the supporting structure, however, the design difficulty of the supporting structure which simultaneously meets the requirements of the position precision and the surface shape precision is very large, because of the following three aspects:
(1) in order to avoid optical obstruction, namely to ensure the view field of the large-aperture optical lens, the supporting structure can only be arranged at the edge position of the large-aperture optical lens, the stress state of the large-aperture optical lens is severe due to the small supporting contact surface, and when the optical axis is in a vertical state, the central deflection deformation of the large-aperture optical lens is large under the influence of the gravity of the large-aperture optical lens, so that the relative position precision of the lens is directly influenced;
(2) also, in order to avoid optical obstruction, the lens base of the large-aperture optical lens can only be designed into a circular ring structure, and the inner and outer circles of the lens base are strictly limited within a narrow size range. In a limited space range, the rigidity design of the circular ring lens base is a difficult point, and the surface shape precision of the mirror surface of the large-aperture optical lens is greatly influenced by the rigidity of the lens frame;
(3) under the requirement of nano-scale surface shape precision, the mirror surface supporting stress, especially the thermal stress of the large-aperture optical lens is very sensitive. Because the thermal expansion coefficients of the lens material and the frame structure material are difficult to be completely consistent, and the thermal expansion coefficients of the lens materials are different greatly, the thermal stress is inevitably generated between the large-caliber optical lens and the supporting structure. In order to reduce the temperature stress, the support structure of the large-aperture optical lens is required to be designed with sufficient flexibility in the thermal deformation direction, which is in contradiction with the support structure with high rigidity, and the compromise between the structural rigidity and the flexibility is a difficult point.
In the prior art, for the current optical lens, the adopted supporting method is mainly a pressing ring mode, namely, the lens is directly installed in a lens base, one side of the lens surface is attached to the end surface of the lens base, and the other side of the lens surface is pressed tightly by the pressing ring. The pressing ring has simple structure and easy assembly, and is widely applied to small lens supporting structures. However, since the entire lens is bonded to the lens holder, the lens holder is greatly affected by machining errors and structural deformation of the lens holder, and even a minute machining error or structural deformation significantly deteriorates the accuracy of the surface shape of the mirror surface. In addition, the pressing ring mode is obviously affected by temperature because the lens material and the lens base material have different coefficients of thermal expansion. Therefore, this method is difficult to be applied to a large-aperture optical lens.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage flexible supporting structure for a large-aperture optical lens, which has a multi-stage stress compensation function, and can compensate temperature stress generated by the difference between the thermal expansion coefficients of the lens material and the lens base material, and stress induced by the deformation of the lens base structure and the processing error, respectively, so as to have good supporting performance, and can simultaneously meet the requirements of the position accuracy and the surface shape accuracy of the mirror surface of the large-aperture optical lens; and multistage flexible supporting structure's simple structure, the dismouting of being convenient for can make things convenient for the later maintenance of structure, reduce the microscope base design and the processing degree of difficulty and reduce material cost by a wide margin.
A multi-stage flexible support structure adapted to support a large aperture optical lens, comprising:
a lens base;
the indium steel supporting pads are uniformly arranged on the lens base and are connected to the large-aperture optical lens; and
the flexible supporting units are connected to the corresponding indium steel supporting pads and the lens base, each flexible supporting unit comprises a radial flexible supporting unit and an axial flexible supporting unit connected to the radial flexible supporting unit, the radial flexible supporting unit is connected to the indium steel supporting pad, the axial flexible supporting unit is connected to the lens base, the radial flexible supporting unit and the axial flexible supporting unit are matched with each other to restrain six degrees of freedom of the large-caliber optical lens in space on the rigidity in four directions, the radial supporting unit is used for compensating thermal stress generated by difference of thermal expansion coefficients of a lens material and a lens base material, and the axial flexible supporting unit is used for compensating stress introduced by structural deformation and processing errors of the lens base.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the stiffness of the radially flexible support unit includes a radial stiffness Kr and a tangential stiffness Kt in two directions perpendicular to each other; the rigidity of the axial flexible supporting unit comprises axial rigidity Ka and normal rigidity Kn in two directions perpendicular to each other, wherein the axial rigidity Ka is used for restraining the moving freedom dz of the large-aperture optical lens along the z-axis direction, the rotational freedom RotX of the x-axis direction and the rotational freedom RotY of the y-axis direction; the radial stiffness Kr, the tangential stiffness Kt, and the normal stiffness Kn are respectively used for constraining the rotational degree of freedom RotZ in the z-axis direction, the translational degree of freedom dx in the x-axis direction, and the translational degree of freedom dy in the y-axis direction.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the radial flexible supporting unit has a first flexible sheet, two first connecting members connected to both ends of the first flexible sheet, and a second connecting member connected to a middle portion of the first flexible sheet, the two first connecting members are fixedly connected to the indium steel supporting pad by screws, and the second connecting member is fixedly connected to the axial flexible supporting unit by screws.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the radial flexible supporting units are respectively connected to the indium steel supporting pad and the axial flexible supporting unit by screws, the first flexible thin sheet is equivalent to a statically indeterminate thin beam clamped at both ends, the length of the first flexible thin sheet is set to l1, and the radial stiffness Kr and the tangential stiffness Kt of the radial flexible supporting unit are respectively expressed as:
wherein E is the elastic modulus of the material, A is the cross-sectional area of the first flexible sheet, and I is the section moment of inertia.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the axial flexible supporting unit has a base and a boss extending from the base, the boss has two mounting grooves and forms an intermediate connecting portion between the two mounting grooves, each mounting groove is provided with a second flexible sheet, the base of the axial flexible supporting unit is fixedly connected to a step end surface of the lens holder by a screw, and the intermediate connecting portion is connected to the second connecting member of the radial flexible supporting unit.
In an embodiment of the invention, the second flexible sheet has a top flexible sheet and a bottom flexible sheet extending from the top flexible sheet, and a total length between the bottom flexible sheet and the intermediate connection portion of the second flexible sheet is set to l2The total length of the top flexible sheet of the second flexible sheet and the intermediate connection part is l3The length of the intermediate connecting part is l4The axial stiffness Ka of the axially flexible support unit is expressed as:
wherein E is the elastic modulus of the material, and I is the section moment of inertia.
In an embodiment of the invention, the indium steel support pad has a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to the first side surface, the first side surface is configured as a cylindrical surface, a diameter of the cylindrical surface is the same as an outer circle diameter of a lens body of the large-aperture optical lens, so that the indium steel support pad is bonded with the large-aperture optical lens through the first side surface, and the indium steel support pad is provided with a plurality of threaded holes on the second side surface, so that the indium steel support pad is connected to the flexible support unit through screws.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the lens base is a circular ring-shaped lens base and is configured to be made of a metal material.
In an embodiment of the invention, the lens base is provided with a plurality of positioning holes, a plurality of operation holes and a plurality of reinforcing ribs, and the positioning holes are arranged corresponding to the positions of the corresponding operation holes.
The invention also provides a large-aperture optical lens in another aspect, which comprises the multistage flexible supporting structure.
The multistage flexible support structure can meet the requirements of the large-aperture optical lens on position accuracy and surface shape accuracy, and particularly, the multistage flexible support structure is formed by bonding a plurality of indium steel support pads completely consistent with the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the large-aperture optical lens on the edge of the large-aperture optical lens and connecting the discrete indium steel support pads on the lens base of the large-aperture optical lens through the radial flexible support units and the axial flexible support units, so that the multistage flexible support structure with the multistage stress compensation function is formed, and the multistage flexible support structure fully utilizes the characteristics of large local flexibility and large overall rigidity, namely the flexibility of a single flexible support unit is very large, and each flexible support unit and the indium steel support pad, The multistage flexible supporting structure formed by the lens base has very high integral rigidity, so that the multistage flexible supporting structure has a multistage stress compensation function, wherein the radial flexible supporting unit can compensate temperature stress generated by the difference of the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the large-aperture optical lens and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the lens base, and the axial flexible supporting unit can compensate stress introduced by the deformation of the lens base structure and machining errors, so that the multistage flexible supporting structure can overcome the influence of the difference of the coefficient of thermal expansion of the material and the temperature on the large-aperture optical lens, and the position precision and the mirror surface shape precision of the large-aperture optical lens can be ensured.
The radial flexible supporting unit and the axial flexible supporting unit of the multistage flexible supporting structure are matched with each other to restrain six degrees of freedom of the large-caliber optical lens in space on the rigidity in four directions, so that the stability of connection between the multistage flexible supporting structure and the large-caliber optical lens is improved, and the position precision and the mirror surface shape precision of the large-caliber optical lens are ensured.
The multistage flexible supporting structure comprises the indium steel supporting pad, the flexible supporting unit and the lens base, wherein only the indium steel supporting pad is bonded with the edge of the large-aperture optical lens, and the indium steel supporting pad, the flexible supporting unit and the lens base are connected with one another through screws, so that the multistage flexible supporting structure is simple in structure and convenient to disassemble, namely the multistage flexible supporting structure is convenient to separate from the large-aperture optical lens, later maintenance can be facilitated, the design and processing difficulty of the lens base can be reduced, the material cost can be greatly reduced, and the multistage flexible supporting structure has high application value and innovation.
Further objects and advantages of the invention will be fully apparent from the ensuing description and drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the multi-stage flexible support structure according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the multi-stage flexible support structure according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating the adaptability of the multi-stage flexible support structure to the deformation of the lens mount according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view illustrating the adaptability of the multi-stage flexible support structure to the deformation of the lens holder according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the multi-stage flexible support structure according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the mirror base of the multi-stage flexible supporting structure according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of an indium steel support pad of the multi-stage flexible support structure according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a flexible support unit of the multi-stage flexible support structure according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a radial flexible support unit of the multi-stage flexible support structure according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a radial flexible support unit of the multi-stage flexible support structure according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of an axial flexible support unit of the multi-stage flexible support structure according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of an axial flexible support unit of the multi-stage flexible support structure according to the above preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate: a large-aperture optical lens 200; a multi-stage flexible support structure 100; a lens base 10; a step end face 101; an operation hole 11; a positioning hole 12; a reinforcing rib 13; an indium steel support pad 20; a first side 21; a second side 22; a threaded hole 220; a flexible supporting unit 30; the radially flexible supporting unit 31; a first flexible sheet 311; a first connector 312; a second connecting member 313; an axially flexible support unit 32; a base 321; a boss 322; an installation groove 3220; the intermediate connecting portion 3221; a second flexible foil 323.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art. The basic principles of the invention, as defined in the following description, may be applied to other embodiments, variations, modifications, equivalents, and other technical solutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the present disclosure, the terms "vertical," "lateral," "up," "down," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for ease of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
It is understood that the terms "a" and "an" should be interpreted as meaning that a number of one element or element is one in one embodiment, while a number of other elements is one in another embodiment, and the terms "a" and "an" should not be interpreted as limiting the number.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, a detailed structure of a multi-stage flexible support structure 100 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is illustrated. As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 is adapted to support a large-aperture optical lens 200 and includes a lens base 10, a plurality of indium steel supporting pads 20 and a plurality of flexible supporting units 30, wherein the indium steel supporting pads 20 are uniformly disposed on the lens base 10 and connected to the large-aperture optical lens 200; each of the flexible support units 30 is connected to the corresponding indium steel support pad 20 and the lens base 10, each of the flexible support units 30 includes a radial flexible support unit 31 and an axial flexible support unit 32 connected to the radial flexible support unit 31, the radial flexible support unit 31 is connected to the indium steel support pad 20, the axial flexible support unit 32 is connected to the lens base 10, the radial flexible support unit 31 and the axial flexible support unit 32 cooperate with each other to constrain the large-aperture optical lens 200 with six degrees of freedom in space in terms of rigidity in four directions, the radial flexible support unit is configured to compensate thermal stress generated by difference of coefficients of thermal expansion of a lens material and a lens base material, and the axial flexible support unit 32 is configured to compensate stress introduced by structural deformation and processing error of the lens base, thus, the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 has good supporting performance, and can simultaneously meet the requirements of the position precision and the mirror surface shape precision of the large-aperture optical lens 200.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the supporting principle of the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 of the present invention is illustrated. It can be understood that the present invention forms the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 with multi-stage stress compensation function by adhering several indium steel support pads 20, which have thermal expansion coefficients completely consistent with the lens material of the large-caliber optical lens 200, to the edge of the large-caliber optical lens 200, and then connecting these discrete indium steel support pads 20 and the lens base 10 by using the radial flexible support units 31 and the axial flexible support units 32, respectively.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the stiffness of the radial flexible supporting unit 31 can be simplified into two directions perpendicular to each other, namely, a radial stiffness Kr and a tangential stiffness Kt, respectively, and similarly, the stiffness of the axial flexible supporting unit 32 can be simplified into two directions perpendicular to each other, namely, an axial stiffness Ka and a normal stiffness Kn, respectively. The rigidity of the flexible supporting unit 30 in four directions can completely constrain six degrees of freedom of the large-aperture optical lens 200 in space, which are: the axial stiffness Ka is used for constraining the moving freedom dz of the large-aperture optical lens 200 along the z-axis direction, the rotational freedom RotX along the x-axis direction, and the rotational freedom and RotY along the y-axis direction; the radial stiffness Kr, the tangential stiffness Kt, and the normal stiffness Kn are respectively used for constraining the rotational degree of freedom RotZ in the z-axis direction, the translational degree of freedom dx in the x-axis direction, and the translational degree of freedom dy in the y-axis direction.
In principle, the plurality of flexible supporting units 30 make the large-aperture optical lens 200 in an over-constrained state. In order to achieve the best surface shape accuracy of the large-aperture optical lens 200 in the over-constrained state, when the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 is designed, the maximum effort should be made to ensure that the positions of the indium steel supporting pads 20 of the large-aperture optical lens 200 are uniformly loaded, that is, the axial supporting force and the radial supporting force applied to the positions of the indium steel supporting pads 20 should be respectively kept consistent. When the lens base 10 is a rigid body or deforms infinitely small, the uniformity of the supporting force of each indium steel supporting pad 20 is easily ensured. However, due to the limited space, the lens holder 10 can only be a circular ring structure, and the structural rigidity is very limited, which requires the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 to have a certain adaptability to the deformation of the lens holder 10. In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 with a multi-stage stress compensation function, and aims to solve the problem of high-precision supporting of the large-aperture optical lens 200 under the condition of limited stiffness of the lens base 10/the condition of difference in thermal expansion coefficient of materials.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 of the present invention has a certain capability of overcoming thermal deformation and structural deformation, that is, when the lens holder 10 has thermal deformation, elastic deformation or deviation caused by processing, due to the buffering effect of the flexible supporting unit 30 of the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100, the influence of supporting stress on the mirror surface shape accuracy of the large-aperture optical lens 200 can be effectively reduced. In addition, since the lens holder 10 interacts with the indium steel support pad 20 adhered to the edge of the large-caliber optical lens 200 only through the flexible support unit 30, it is possible to limit the uneven support stress due to deformation to a local area around each discrete indium steel support pad 20 without having a global influence on the entire large-caliber optical lens 200.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, when the thermal expansion coefficients of the materials of the lens holder 10 and the large-aperture optical lens 200 are not the same, for example, when the large-aperture optical lens 200 is thermally deformed more than the lens holder 10 is deformed, thermal stress is generated to act on each discrete indium steel support pad 20, and the thermal stress is mainly related to the radial stiffness Kr. Since the radial stiffness Kr of the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 of the present invention is very small, the corresponding thermal stress is also very small, which makes the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 have a certain temperature adaptability; that is, the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 can compensate for the thermal stress generated by the difference between the thermal expansion coefficients of the lens material and the lens base material, so as to ensure the position accuracy and the mirror surface shape accuracy of the large-aperture optical lens 200.
As shown in fig. 4, when there is a machining error or a structural deformation in the structure of the mirror base 10, there will be a certain difference in the axial support force acting on each indium steel support pad 20, and since the axial stiffness Ka is also limited, there will be a limited difference in the uneven axial support force generated, which also enables the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 to have a certain capability of adapting to the structural deformation, i.e., the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 can compensate the stress induced by the structural deformation and the machining error of the mirror base.
Based on the above-mentioned principle of the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 of the large-aperture optical lens 200, the specific structure of the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 is implemented as shown in fig. 5, in this preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 includes 12 indium steel support pads 20, that is, the specific structure of the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 is described in detail by taking 12 indium steel support pads 20 as an example in this preferred embodiment of the present invention, in some embodiments of the present invention, the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 may include other numbers of indium steel support pads 20, and the number of indium steel support pads 20 is not limited by the present invention. Specifically, in this preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 is composed of the base 10, 12 indium steel supporting pads 20 and 12 flexible supporting units 30, wherein each flexible supporting unit 30 includes the radial and axial flexible supporting units 32, the base 10 is provided with the large-aperture optical lens 200, that is, the base 10 is the basis of the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100, wherein the indium steel supporting pads 20 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the base 10 and adhered to the edge of the large-aperture optical lens 200, and the flexible supporting units 30 are connected to the step end face 101 of the base 10 by screws and connected to the corresponding indium steel supporting pads 20 by screws.
It can be understood that the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 includes the lens base 10, the indium steel supporting pad 20 and the flexible supporting unit 30, and has a simple structure, only the indium steel supporting pad 20 is bonded to the edge of the large-aperture optical lens 200, and the indium steel supporting pad 20, the flexible supporting unit 30 and the lens base 10 are all connected to each other by screws, so that the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 is conveniently separated from the large-aperture optical lens 200, and can facilitate later maintenance and reduce the difficulty in designing and processing the lens base 10, and is favorable for greatly reducing the material cost.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the specific structure of the mirror base 10 of the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 of the present invention is illustrated, the mirror base 10 is configured as a thin-walled circular ring-shaped metal structural member, i.e. the mirror base 10 is arranged in a circular ring structure and is made of a metal material, the circular outer surface of the mirror base 10 is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs 13 to improve the structural rigidity, the lower end surface of the lens base 10 is a connection interface between the lens base 10 and other structures, the step end surface 101 of the lens base 10 is used for connecting the flexible supporting unit 30, the side of the mirror base 10 is provided with a plurality of operation holes 11 and positioning holes 12 corresponding to the operation holes 11, the positioning hole 12 is a positioning tool hole of the large-aperture optical lens 200, and the operation hole 11 is an operation hole 11 for bonding the indium steel support pad 20 and the large-aperture optical lens 200.
As shown in fig. 7, a specific structure of the indium steel support pad 20 of the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 is illustrated, the indium steel support pad 20 has a first side surface 21 and a second side surface 22 opposite to the first side surface 21, the first side surface 21 is configured as a cylindrical surface having a diameter identical to a lens outer diameter of the large-caliber optical lens 200, so that the indium steel support pad 20 is adhered to the large-caliber optical lens 200 through the first side surface 21, and the indium steel support pad 20 is provided with a plurality of screw holes 220 at the second side surface 22, so that the indium steel support pad 20 is attached to the flexible support unit 30 by screws. In particular, the indium steel support pad 20 is made of an indium steel material, and the thermal expansion coefficient is close to that of the lens body material of the large-caliber optical lens 200, so as to facilitate reducing the thermal expansion coefficient difference between the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 and the large-caliber optical lens 200, thereby reducing the thermal stress between the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 and the large-caliber optical lens 200, and ensuring the position accuracy and the mirror surface shape accuracy of the large-caliber optical lens 200.
As shown in fig. 8, the structure of the flexible supporting unit 30 of the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 is specifically illustrated, and the flexible supporting unit 30 includes the radial flexible supporting unit 31 and the axial flexible supporting unit 32, and the radial flexible supporting unit 31 and the axial flexible supporting unit 32 are connected together by a screw. The bottom of the whole flexible supporting unit 30 is connected to the step surface of the lens base 10 by screws, and the upper part is connected to the indium steel supporting pad 20 adhered to the edge of the large-aperture optical lens 200 by screws.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the radial flexible supporting unit 31 has a first flexible sheet 311, two first connectors 312 connected to both ends of the first flexible sheet 311, and a second connector 313 connected to a middle portion of the first flexible sheet 311, the two first connectors 312 are fixedly connected to the indium steel supporting pad 20 by screws, and the second connector 313 is fixedly connected to the axial flexible supporting unit 32 by screws.
The key part of the radial flexible supporting unit 31 is the first flexible sheet 311, wherein the first flexible sheet 311 is a flexible elongated sheet, and the first flexible sheet 311 is formed by wire-cut electrical discharge machining of an elongated slot. When the radial flexible supporting unit 31 is connected to the indium steel supporting pad 20 and the axial flexible supporting unit 32 by screws, the first flexible thin sheet 311 is equivalent to a statically indeterminate thin beam with two ends clamped, and the length of the first flexible thin sheet 311 is l1, and the radial stiffness Kr and the tangential stiffness Kt of the radial flexible supporting unit 31 are respectively expressed as:
where E is the elastic modulus of the material, a is the cross-sectional area of the first flexible sheet 311, and I is the moment of inertia of the section. In the radial flexible supporting unit 31, the tangential stiffness Kt is very large compared to the radial stiffness Kr, which makes the radial stiffness Kr play a major role in accommodating thermal deformation, and the tangential stiffness Kt is mainly used to limit rigid body motion of the large-aperture optical lens 200 in the lateral direction, i.e., in the plane perpendicular to the optical axis.
As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the axial flexible supporting unit 32 has a base 321 and a boss 322 extending from the base 321, the boss 322 has two mounting grooves 3220 and an intermediate connecting portion 3221 is formed between the two mounting grooves 3220, each mounting groove 3220 is provided with a second flexible sheet 323, the base 321 of the axial flexible supporting unit 32 is fixedly connected to the step end surface 101 of the lens holder 10 by a screw, and the intermediate connecting portion 3221 is connected to the second connecting portion 313 of the radial flexible supporting unit 31.
The key part of the axial flexible supporting unit 32 is the second flexible sheet 323, and the second flexible sheet 323 is a flexible sheet with upper and lower layersThe thin sheet is also formed by wire electrical discharge machining. The second flexible sheet 323 has a top flexible sheet and a bottom flexible sheet extending from the top flexible sheet, and the total length between the bottom flexible sheet of the second flexible sheet 323 and the intermediate connecting portion 3221 is set to l2The total length of the top flexible sheet of the second flexible sheet 323 and the intermediate connecting portion 3221 is l3The length of the intermediate connecting portion 3221 is l4The axial stiffness Ka of the axially flexible support unit 32 is expressed as:
wherein E is the elastic modulus of the material, and I is the section moment of inertia.
Also, in the axial flexible supporting structure, the axial stiffness Ka mainly functions to adapt to structural deformation and machining errors of the lens holder 10, the normal stiffness Kn mainly serves to limit rigid motion of the large-aperture optical lens 200 in the transverse direction, i.e., in a plane perpendicular to the optical axis direction, and the upper and lower sides of the structure are designed to improve the normal stiffness of the structure.
It can be understood that, since the mirror supporting stress, especially the thermal stress, of the large-caliber optical lens 200 is very sensitive, and the thermal expansion coefficients of the material of the large-caliber optical lens 200 and the material of the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 are difficult to be completely consistent, the present invention uses an indium steel material with a thermal expansion coefficient similar to that of the large-caliber optical lens 200 as the supporting pad of the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 to facilitate reducing the thermal stress between the large-caliber optical lens 200 and the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100, and on this basis, the radial flexible supporting units 31 and the axial flexible supporting units 32 of the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 are both provided with flexible sheets, so that the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 can satisfy the flexibility in the thermal deformation direction, and a plurality of the radial flexible supporting units 31, 32, The axial flexible support units 32, the indium steel support pads 20 and the lens base 10 are connected with each other, so that the overall structure of the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 can maintain high rigidity, and thus the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 of the present invention can overcome the contradiction between flexibility and high rigidity support structures, and provide the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 with compromise flexibility and rigidity, so that the requirements of the position precision and the mirror surface shape precision of the large-aperture optical lens 200 can be met at the same time.
In summary, the present invention provides a multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 for a large-aperture optical lens 200, which fully utilizes the characteristics of large local flexibility and large overall rigidity, that is, the flexibility of a single flexible support unit 30 is very high, and the overall rigidity of the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 formed by each flexible support unit 30, the indium steel support pad 20 and the mirror base 10 is very high, so that the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 has a multi-stage stress compensation function, wherein the radial flexible supporting unit 31 is used for compensating the thermal stress generated by the difference of the coefficients of thermal expansion of the lens material and the lens base material, the axially flexible support unit 32 is used to compensate for stresses introduced by deformations of the mirror base structure and by machining errors, therefore, the multi-stage flexible supporting structure 100 can simultaneously meet the requirements of the position precision and the mirror surface shape precision of the large-aperture optical lens 200. In addition, only the indium steel support pad 20 of the multi-stage flexible support structure 100 is bonded to the edge of the large-caliber optical lens 200, and the indium steel support pad 20, the lens base 10 and the flexible support unit 30 are connected to each other by screws, so that the large-caliber optical lens 200 is easily separated from the multi-stage flexible support unit 30, and the later-stage maintenance of the structure, the replacement of the flexible support unit 30 and the like are facilitated. The multistage flexible support structure 100 provided by the invention is very suitable for supporting a large-aperture optical lens 200 due to the advantages, the design and processing difficulty of the lens base 10 can be obviously reduced by adopting the multistage flexible support structure 100, the material cost is greatly reduced, and the multistage flexible support structure has higher application value and innovation.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above examples only express preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. Multistage flexible bearing structure is suitable for supporting heavy-calibre optical lens, its characterized in that includes:
a lens base;
the indium steel supporting pads are uniformly arranged on the lens base and are connected to the large-aperture optical lens; and
the flexible supporting units are connected to the corresponding indium steel supporting pads and the lens base, each flexible supporting unit comprises a radial flexible supporting unit and an axial flexible supporting unit connected to the radial flexible supporting unit, the radial flexible supporting unit is connected to the indium steel supporting pad, the axial flexible supporting unit is connected to the lens base, the radial flexible supporting unit and the axial flexible supporting unit are matched with each other to restrain six degrees of freedom of the large-caliber optical lens in space on the rigidity in four directions, the radial supporting unit is used for compensating thermal stress generated by difference of thermal expansion coefficients of a lens material and a lens base material, and the axial flexible supporting unit is used for compensating stress introduced by structural deformation and processing errors of the lens base.
2. The multi-stage flexible support structure of claim 1, wherein the stiffness of the radially flexible support units comprises a radial stiffness Kr and a tangential stiffness Kt in two mutually perpendicular directions; the rigidity of the axial flexible supporting unit comprises axial rigidity Ka and normal rigidity Kn in two directions perpendicular to each other, wherein the axial rigidity Ka is used for restraining the moving freedom dz of the large-aperture optical lens along the z-axis direction, the rotational freedom RotX of the x-axis direction and the rotational freedom RotY of the y-axis direction; the radial stiffness Kr, the tangential stiffness Kt, and the normal stiffness Kn are respectively used for constraining the rotational degree of freedom RotZ in the z-axis direction, the translational degree of freedom dx in the x-axis direction, and the translational degree of freedom dy in the y-axis direction.
3. The multi-stage flexible support structure of claim 2, wherein the radial flexible support unit has a first flexible sheet, two first connectors connected to both ends of the first flexible sheet and a second connector connected to a middle portion of the first flexible sheet, the two first connectors being fixedly connected to the indium steel support pad by screws, and the second connector being fixedly connected to the axial flexible support unit by screws.
4. The multi-stage flexible supporting structure according to claim 3, wherein when the radial flexible supporting units are respectively connected to the indium steel supporting pad and the axial flexible supporting unit through screws, the first flexible thin sheet is equivalent to a statically indeterminate thin beam with two ends fixed, and the length of the first flexible thin sheet is set to be l1The radial stiffness Kr and the tangential stiffness Kt of the radially flexible support unit are respectively expressed as:
wherein E is the elastic modulus of the material, A is the cross-sectional area of the first flexible sheet, and I is the section moment of inertia.
5. The multi-stage flexible support structure according to claim 3, wherein the axial flexible support unit has a base and a boss extending from the base, the boss has two mounting grooves and forms an intermediate connection portion therebetween, each mounting groove is provided with a second flexible sheet, the base of the axial flexible support unit is fixedly connected to the stepped end surface of the lens holder by a screw, and the intermediate connection portion is connected to the second connection member of the radial flexible support unit.
6. The multi-stage flexible support structure of claim 5, wherein the second flexible sheet has a top flexible sheet and a bottom flexible sheet extending from the top flexible sheet, and a total length l between the bottom flexible sheet and the intermediate connection portion of the second flexible sheet is set2The total length of the top flexible sheet of the second flexible sheet and the intermediate connection part is l3The length of the intermediate connecting part is l4The axial stiffness Ka of the axially flexible support unit is expressed as:
wherein E is the elastic modulus of the material, and I is the section moment of inertia.
7. The multi-stage flexible support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the indium steel support pad has a first side surface and a second side surface opposite to the first side surface, the first side surface is configured as a cylindrical surface having a diameter identical to an outer diameter of a lens body of the large-aperture optical lens, so that the indium steel support pad is bonded to the large-aperture optical lens through the first side surface, and the indium steel support pad is provided with a plurality of threaded holes at the second side surface, so that the indium steel support pad is connected to the flexible support unit through screws.
8. The multi-stage flexible support structure of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the lens mount is a circular ring-shaped lens mount and is configured to be made of a metallic material.
9. The multi-stage flexible support structure of claim 8, wherein the lens base is provided with a plurality of positioning holes, a plurality of operation holes, and a plurality of reinforcing ribs, the positioning holes being provided corresponding to positions of the respective operation holes.
10. A large aperture optical lens comprising a multi-stage flexible support structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN115079370B (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2023-03-21 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Pupil offset correction method for large-aperture self-adaptive telescope |
| CN115407471A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2022-11-29 | 中国航天三江集团有限公司 | Low-stress multi-point flexible supporting structure and supporting method of large-caliber rectangular optical lens |
| CN116068715A (en) * | 2023-01-14 | 2023-05-05 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Large-caliber lens flexible supporting structure and assembling and adjusting method |
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