CN112066826A - Mechanical trigger fuse for small-caliber rotary shell warhead - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a small-caliber rotary shell warhead mechanical trigger fuse which comprises a body, an upper body, a collision type trigger mechanism, a flame-proof and delay relief safety mechanism, a recoil safety mechanism, a split ring, a safety mechanism of the collision type trigger mechanism and a booster tube. The collision type trigger mechanism is also a self-destruction mechanism, comprises a self-destruction spring, a centrifugal ball, a striking rod, a striking needle sleeve and the like, can ensure that the fuse can reliably impact forwards when colliding thin targets such as aluminum alloy plates and the like, and is reversely pushed by the self-destruction spring to pierce a needle-pricked detonator after penetrating through the target plate, thereby realizing short-delay firing. The explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism is a ball rotor mechanism. The split ring and the recoil safety mechanism realize the redundant safety of the ball rotor mechanism. The safety mechanism of the impact type trigger mechanism is a centrifugal safety mechanism and comprises a soft belt and a split ring. The fuse has a simple structure, fully utilizes the fuse space, and has the functions of explosion suppression, redundancy insurance, delay relief, self-destruction, self-failure and short trigger delay.

Description

A small-caliber rotating artillery projectile warhead mechanically triggering fuze

technical field

The invention belongs to the fuze technology for small-caliber artillery shells, in particular to a small-caliber rotating artillery shell warhead mechanically triggering a fuze.

Background technique

Small-caliber artillery shells generally refer to ammunitions with a caliber of 20 mm to 40 mm, which are fired by artillery to complete killing, blasting, penetration or other tactical purposes. In the army, navy and air force and other combat units.

At present, the development of the U.S. military's small-caliber rotating artillery warhead trigger fuze is relatively mature. The old generation M505A3 warhead trigger fuze is widely used in the US Army, Navy, and Air Force. It is the most widely used fuze in the United States. The rotor realizes the delayed release of insurance. The detonator in the ball rotor is staggered by a certain angle from the axis of the firing pin and the detonator. The M505A3 fuze has good flameproof performance and good large-angle firing capability. The new generation of small-caliber rotary artillery shell fuzes of the US military, such as XM757 and M758, have fully met the relevant requirements of the "Fuse Safety Design Guidelines". In addition, the new-generation fuze XM757 has a higher firing performance at a large impact angle, while the M758 can have a large impact firing performance close to 90°. The U.S. military M758 fuze realizes the delayed release of insurance through the principle of gas damping, and the distance of delayed release of insurance can reach 10 m to 100 m. However, once the relevant damping parts fail, the function of delayed release of the fuze will be completely lost, and the distance of delayed release of insurance will become zero. Security cannot be effectively guaranteed.

In the 1950s and 1960s, my country introduced relevant technologies from the former Soviet Union and began to imitate the former Soviet Union fuzes. However, the small-caliber rotating shell fuzes in these fuzes are all non-flameproof, and safety accidents have occurred frequently in history. It was not until the 1980s and 1990s that the explosion-proof safety problem was solved, and the Paoyin-5, Paoyin-6, Paoyin-24, Paoyin-26, Liu-6, Hailiu- 3A, Hailiu-6 and other fuzes. However, according to the relevant requirements of GJB373A-1997 "Fuse Safety Design Guidelines", these standard fuzes are single insurance fuzes, which do not meet the requirements of redundant insurance, and have no self-failure function, so there are safety defects.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a small-caliber rotating artillery shell warhead mechanically triggering fuze, which comprehensively improves the safety of the small-caliber rotating artillery shell fuze and further improves the reliability.

The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the present invention is: a small-caliber rotating artillery shell warhead mechanical trigger fuze, which includes a main body, an upper body, an impact trigger mechanism, an explosion-proof and delayed release insurance mechanism, a recoil insurance mechanism, a centrifugal The safety mechanism of the strike trigger mechanism and the squib. The impact trigger mechanism is also a centrifugal self-destruction mechanism, which can achieve impact triggering and fire when the fuze hits the target, and can also achieve self-destruction and fire when the projectile speed decays to a certain extent. The explosion-proof and delayed release insurance mechanism is a ball rotor mechanism, which keeps the detonator in an explosion-proof state at ordinary times, and realizes the function of delayed insurance release after the fuze insurance mechanism is released to ensure that the detonator will be aligned when the fuze is outside the safe distance of the muzzle. , to ensure the safety of the fuze when it is launched. The recoil safety mechanism is a rigid shear pin recoil safety mechanism, which is set at the center of the isolation ball. The centrifugal safety piece is a split ring, which is clamped to the outside of the crescent-shaped gap at one end of the isolation ball. These two safety mechanisms realize the redundant insurance of the ball rotor mechanism. . When the projectile collides with a thin target such as an aluminum alloy plate, the firing pin component in the impact trigger mechanism will rush forward under the action of the forward impact inertial force to compress the self-destruction spring. After the fuze passes through the target plate, the current impact inertial force is less than When the self-destruction spring resists, the firing pin component will pierce the needle-piercing detonator under the thrust of the self-destruction spring, so as to achieve a short-delayed fire, so that the projectile explodes when it enters the aircraft-like target.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

(1) Make full use of the inner cavity space, optimize the layout of the structure, and fully meet the relevant design requirements of the "Fuse Safety Design Guidelines", including explosion-proof, redundant insurance, delayed release insurance, permissible booster, and non-release insurance status Guarantee, self-destruction and self-failure; (2) The structure of the firing pin assembly is formed by the combination of the firing pin and the firing pin sleeve. Compared with the traditional integrated firing pin, the processing and assembly process is better; (3) Impact triggering The mechanism and its centrifugal insurance mechanism cooperate with each other, so that the centrifugal insurance mechanism cannot release the insurance before the expiration date, the impact trigger mechanism cannot pierce downward before the expiration period expires, and the impact trigger mechanism has high movement reliability.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a small-caliber rotating projectile warhead mechanically triggering a fuze of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the split ring in the mechanically triggered fuze of the small-caliber rotating projectile warhead of the present invention.

3 is a top view of the split ring in the mechanically triggered fuze of the small-caliber rotating projectile warhead of the present invention.

Figure 4 is an isometric view of the split ring in the mechanically triggered fuze of the small-caliber rotating projectile warhead of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Figures 1 to 4, a small-caliber rotating shell warhead mechanically triggers a fuze, including a body 1, an upper body 2, a percussion trigger mechanism 3, an explosion-proof and delayed release insurance mechanism 4, a recoil insurance mechanism 5, and a split ring 6 , the safety mechanism 7 and the detonator 8 of the impact trigger mechanism; wherein the upper body 2 is coaxially arranged on the upper end of the body 1, and the impact trigger mechanism 3 is arranged in the cavity formed by the body 1 and the upper body 2; The impact trigger mechanism 3 includes a self-destruction spring 32 and several centrifugal balls 34; the explosion-proof and delayed release insurance mechanism 4 includes an isolation ball 41, a ball cover 43, a ball seat 44 and two acupuncture detonators 42. The safety release mechanism 4 is arranged at the lower end of the inner cavity of the main body 1; the left and right sides of the isolation ball 41 are respectively provided with an identical first transverse blind hole, the two first transverse blind holes are coaxial and the axis passes through the center of the ball, each A needle detonator 42 is arranged in each of the first transverse blind holes, and the outer ends of the two needle detonators 42 are both input ends and output ends; the top of the isolation ball 41 is provided with a first blind hole coaxial with the fuze; The recoil safety mechanism 5 includes an inertia pin 51 and a shear pin 52, and the inertia pin 51 is arranged in the first blind hole; the isolation ball 41, the two needle detonators 42, the inertia pin 51 and the shear pin 52 constitute a ball rotor The ball cover 43 and the ball seat 44 together constitute the accommodating and moving chamber of the ball rotor part. The split ring 6 is the centrifugal safety part of the ball rotor part, which is clamped on the outside of the crescent-shaped gap at the lower end of the isolation ball 41 to realize an insurance for the isolation ball 41, that is, the centrifugal safety; The rear end of the mechanism 4 is partially protruding from the lower end surface of the main body 1, and is used to amplify the detonation energy output by the needle detonator 42 when the fuze acts, thereby detonating the warhead charge of the projectile. The safety mechanism 7 of the impact trigger mechanism is arranged between the impact trigger mechanism 3 and the explosion-proof and delayed release insurance mechanism 4, and is used to limit the impact trigger mechanism 3, especially under the action of recoil overload. The bullet bottom moves in the direction of the bottom; the safety mechanism 7 of the impact trigger mechanism is a centrifugal safety mechanism, including a soft belt 71 and a split ring 72 , and the soft belt 71 is arranged outside the split ring 72 to realize the insurance of the split ring 72 .

Further, the striking trigger mechanism 3 further includes a firing pin assembly 33, and the firing pin assembly 33 is composed of a firing rod 331 and a firing sleeve 332, which are coaxially connected and fixed.

Further, the split ring 72 includes a first circular frustum with increasing diameter from top to bottom, and the center of the bottom end of the firing pin sleeve 332 is provided with a first counterbore with increasing diameter from top to bottom. The first round table is matched with the first counterbore at the bottom end of the firing needle sleeve 332, thereby constraining the split ring 72 and ensuring that the split ring 72 cannot be thrown away before the end of the after-effect period, that is, only after the end of the after-effect period, the firing needle can be removed. The sleeve 332 is lifted up by the centrifugal ball 34 through the self-destructing slope of the upper end of the main body 1 to release the restraint on the split ring 72, and the split ring 72 can be thrown away under the action of centrifugal force to release the insurance against the firing needle sleeve 332, thereby ensuring the firing needle. Action correctness of component 33.

Further, after the inertia pin 51 shears the shear pin 52, when the bottom end face abuts against the inner end face of the first blind hole on the isolation ball 41, the center of mass of the inertia pin 51 is lower than the center of the isolation ball 41, thereby ensuring that the During the movement process after the isolation ball 41, the inertia pin 51 is always in the first blind hole of the isolation ball 41 and will not restore the insurance, which ensures the correctness of the movement of the isolation ball 41 to release the insurance.

Further, a circumferential weak link 21 is preset in the middle of the inner cavity of the upper body 2. When the fuze hits the target with a large landing angle or touches the ground with a small landing angle, it is weak under the action of a small positive impact force. The link 21 will also be bent, so that the head of the upper body 2 moves downward to push the firing pin assembly 33 to stab the needle piercing detonator, thereby improving the reliability of the large-angle firing and ground-wiping explosion.

Further, an axial second blind hole is provided in the center of the top end of the inertia pin 51; the bottom end of the firing rod 331 has a first cylinder protruding from the bottom surface of the firing sleeve 332, and the firing pin tip feature is set on the first cylinder. On the bottom surface of the cylinder, the characteristic part of the firing pin tip extends into the second blind hole on the inertia pin 51; the diameter of the first blind hole on the isolation ball 41 is larger than the diameter of the first cylinder of the firing pin 331; when the projectile is fired, the fuse The ball rotor mechanism in the fuse does not rotate unexpectedly and is still in the initial assembly position. When the triggering action or self-destruction is scheduled, the firing pin assembly 33 will move toward the bottom of the fuze, so that the firing pin tip feature of the firing pin rod 331 enters the first position of the inertia pin 51. In the second blind hole or the fourth cylinder on the firing pin 331 enters the first blind hole on the isolation ball 41, so that the fuze enters a self-failure state; if the ball rotor mechanism in the fuze has been rotated after the projectile is fired When the triggering action or self-destruction is scheduled, the firing pin assembly 33 will move towards the bottom of the fuze, so that the firing pin tip feature at the bottom end of the fourth cylinder on the firing pin rod 331 pierces the spherical surface of the isolation ball 41 and is damaged, which not only prevents the isolation ball 41 from turning upright, Also, the firing rod 331 basically loses the function of piercing and firing, and the fuze also enters a self-failure state.

Example

Referring to Figures 1 to 4, a small-caliber rotating shell warhead mechanically triggers a fuze, including a body 1, an upper body 2, a percussion trigger mechanism 3, an explosion-proof and delayed release insurance mechanism 4, a recoil insurance mechanism 5, and a split ring 6 , the safety mechanism 7 of the impact trigger mechanism and the detonator 8 . The upper body 2 is coaxially arranged on the upper end of the body 1 . The impact trigger mechanism 3 is disposed in the cavity formed by the main body 1 and the upper body 2 , and includes a cover sheet 31 , a self-destruction spring 32 , a firing pin assembly 33 and several centrifugal balls 34 . The explosion-proof and delayed release insurance mechanism 4 is arranged at the lower end of the inner cavity of the main body 1 , and includes an isolation ball 41 , a ball cover 43 , a ball seat 44 and two needle-piercing detonators 42 . The detonator 8 is arranged at the rear end of the explosion-proof and delayed release insurance mechanism 4, and part of it protrudes from the lower end face of the main body 1, and is used to amplify the output detonation energy of the upper-stage explosive element, and then detonate the projectile warhead charge .

The upper body 2 is in the shape of a circular truncated cone, and there are three-stage stepped through holes from top to bottom along its central axis, which are sequentially a first-stage hole, a second-stage hole, a third-stage hole and a fourth-stage hole. The diameter of the first-order hole of the upper body 2 is larger than that of the second-order hole, the third-order hole is a tapered hole with a decreasing diameter from bottom to top, the bottom surface diameter of the third-order hole is equal to the fourth-order hole diameter, and the fourth-order hole A thin-walled feature is formed between the hole bottom and the outer wall of the upper body 2, forming a weak link 21, and an inner thread is provided at the bottom end of the fourth-order hole. The cover sheet 31 is a circular sheet, disposed in the first-step hole on the upper body 2 , and fixed by the top end of the upper body 2 closed. The self-destruction spring 32 is in a pre-compressed state, and the upper end face abuts against the bottom end face of the cover sheet 31 . The body 1 includes a first cylinder, a first circular truncated and a second cylinder from top to bottom, wherein the first cylinder and the second cylinder are provided with external threads, which are respectively used to connect with the third-order hole of the upper body 2 and the projectile body. connected. The first circular cone and the outer wall of the upper body 2 smoothly transition. The inner cavity of the main body 1 is a fourth-order stepped through hole coaxially arranged from top to bottom along the central axis, which are respectively the fifth-order hole, the sixth-order hole, the seventh-order hole and the eighth-order hole. The fifth-order hole and the sixth-order hole of the main body 1 are connected by a conical surface with a decreasing diameter from top to bottom, which is a self-destructing slope, on which the centrifugal ball 34 can move. An inwardly protruding annular boss is arranged between the seventh-order hole and the eighth-order hole on the main body 1, and a section of internal thread is arranged in the eighth-order hole.

The firing pin assembly 3 is composed of a firing rod 331 and a firing sleeve 332, which are coaxially connected and fixed. The firing pin sleeve 332 is made of aluminum alloy and is cylindrical. The diameter of the firing pin sleeve 332 is larger than the diameter of the second-order hole on the upper body 2 , and smaller than the bottom diameter of the third-order hole on the upper body 2 . The center of the top surface of the firing pin sleeve 332 is provided with a third-order stepped through hole whose diameter decreases along the axial direction from top to bottom, which are the ninth-order hole, the tenth-order hole and the eleventh-order hole in sequence. The bottom end face of the self-destruction spring 32 abuts against the bottom of the ninth-step hole on the firing pin sleeve 332 . A number of radial through holes, which are the first through holes, are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction at the position of the middle side wall of the firing pin sleeve 332 . The firing pin 331 is made of steel, and includes a third cylinder and a fourth cylinder coaxially connected from top to bottom. The middle of the third cylinder is provided with an annular groove, and the bottom end surface of the fourth cylinder is provided with a firing pin tip. The third cylinder on the firing pin 331 is disposed in the tenth-order hole on the firing pin sleeve 332, and is fixed by the top end face of the tenth-order hole or by riveting. The third cylinder on the firing pin 331 separates several first through holes from the center, and each first through hole is provided with a centrifugal ball 34 at both ends. The fourth cylinder on the firing pin 331 and the firing pin tip feature protrude from the bottom end surface of the firing pin sleeve 332 . The center of the bottom end face of the firing needle sleeve 332 is provided with a conical counterbore with a small upper part and a large lower part. The firing needle sleeve 332 is partially disposed in the sixth-stage hole of the main body 2, and there is a clearance fit between the two, so as to provide guidance for the axial movement of the firing needle assembly 33 when it is triggered.

The isolation ball 41 is a spherical ball, and the center of the left and right sides is provided with an identical transverse blind hole, which is the first transverse blind hole. A first through hole along the transverse direction is arranged between the two first transverse blind holes, and a needle-punching detonator 42 is respectively arranged in each of the first transverse blind holes. The outwardly facing ends of the two needle detonators 42 are both input ends and output ends. The lower end of the isolation ball 41 is provided with a crescent-shaped notch. The split ring 6 is a circular ring with one end open, and is a centrifugal safety piece, which is clamped to the outside of the crescent-shaped gap at the lower end of the isolation ball 41 to realize one safety of the isolation ball 41 , namely, centrifugal safety.

The center of the top end of the isolation ball 41 is provided with an upward axial blind hole, which is a first blind hole, and the diameter of the first blind hole is larger than the diameter of the fourth cylinder on the firing pin 331 .

The spherical cover 43 includes a fifth cylinder, a sixth cylinder, a seventh cylinder and an eighth cylinder from top to bottom. The top surface of the seventh cylinder abuts against the bottom surface of the eighth-step hole on the body 1 . The center of the spherical cover 43 is provided with three-step stepped holes from top to bottom, which are the twelfth-order hole, the thirteenth-order hole and the fourteenth-order hole, the thirteenth-order hole is hemispherical, and the tenth-order hole is a The fourth-order hole is cylindrical, the thirteenth-order hole is tangent to the fourteenth-order hole, and the diameter of the twelfth-order hole is larger than the diameter of the fourth cylinder on the firing pin 331 . The ball seat 44 includes a ninth cylinder and a tenth cylinder from top to bottom, and a section of external thread is provided on the ninth cylinder, which is matched with the internal thread on the eighth-step hole of the main body 1, and the top end surface of the ninth cylinder abuts against it. The bottom end face of the seventh cylinder on the spherical cover 43 . The inner cavity of the ball seat 44 includes a fifteenth-order hole, a sixteenth-order hole and a seventeenth-order hole from top to bottom. The holes (ie, the thirteenth-order holes) together constitute the motion chamber of the isolation ball 41 . The detonator 8 is partially arranged in the sixteenth-step hole, and is fixed through the bottom end face of the ball seat 44 .

The safety mechanism 7 of the impact trigger mechanism includes a soft belt 71 and a split ring 72 , which are arranged between the impact trigger mechanism 3 and the explosion-proof and delayed release insurance mechanism 4 . The split ring 72 is a circular ring, and its inner cavity includes an eighteenth-order hole and a nineteenth-order hole from top to bottom. The diameter of the nineteenth-order hole is larger than that of the eighteenth-order hole, and the diameter of the eighteenth-order hole is It is larger than the fourth cylinder diameter on the firing rod 331 . The split ring 72 is sleeved on the outer side of the fourth cylinder at the lower end of the firing pin 331 , and the bottom end face abuts the top end face of the sixth cylinder on the ball cover 43 . The split ring 72 includes a top-to-bottom second circular truncated cone and a tenth cylinder. The upper end of the second circular truncated table extends into the conical countersunk hole at the bottom end of the firing pin sleeve 332 to support the firing pin sleeve 332 and thereby restrict its downward movement. At the same time, the striker sleeve 332 also restricts the split ring 72, so that the split ring 72 only closes to disappear after the recoil overload, that is, after the after-effect period, the striker sleeve 332 acts on the centrifugal ball 34 It can only be opened under the action of centrifugal force after it is lifted down. The top surface of the split ring 72 is provided with four square grooves penetrating in the axial direction and communicating with the fourteenth-order hole, so that the split ring 72 forms four thin-walled features in the circumferential direction, and one of the thin-walled features is disconnected. The state is favorable for the split ring 72 to be thrown away under the action of centrifugal force. The soft band 71 is a thin metal band, wound into a reel shape, and disposed outside the split ring 72 to lock the split ring 72 .

The squat safety mechanism 5 includes an inertia pin 51 and a shear pin 52 . The inertia pin 51 is a cylindrical pin structure, and a transverse through hole passing through the axis is provided at the lower end near the bottom end surface, which is a second through hole. The inertia pin 51 is partially disposed in the first blind hole on the isolation ball 41, and there is a clearance fit between the two. The shear pin 52 is disposed in the first through hole on the isolation ball 41 and passes through the second through hole on the inertial pin 51 to fix the inertial pin 51 on the rotor 41 . The outer diameter of the shear pin 52 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the first through hole and the diameter of the second through hole. The upper end of the inertial pin 51 protrudes out of the isolation ball 41 and extends into the twelfth-step hole on the ball cover 43 , thereby realizing another insurance for the isolation ball 41 , ie, recoil insurance.

The center of the top end of the inertia pin 51 is provided with a second blind hole downward in the axial direction, and the characteristic part of the firing pin tip of the firing pin 331 extends into the second blind hole to ensure that the firing pin tip feature at the bottom end of the firing pin 331 is It will not be damaged by instantaneous shock environment such as launch and drop. After the inertia pin 51 shears the shear pin 52, when the bottom end face abuts against the inner end face of the first blind hole on the isolation ball 41, the center of mass of the inertia pin 51 is lower than the center of the isolation ball 41, which ensures that the isolation ball 41 releases the insurance movement reliable.

During the service processing stage, credible shocks and vibrations, including drops and transport vibrations, will not cause the fuze to change its assembled state. The recoil insurance mechanism 5 and the split ring 6 in the fuze are both in the insurance position to ensure that the explosion-proof and delayed release insurance mechanism 4 is in the explosion-proof state. It will not detonate the booster tube 8, and the fuze will not accidentally fire, which can ensure the safety of the service processing stage.

When the projectile is launched, under the action of the recoil, the inertia pin 51 will cut the shear pin 52 and move downward until the inertia pin 51 no longer protrudes from the outer wall of the isolation ball 41, releasing a safety (recoil safety) for the isolation ball 41 . After that, the inertia pin 51 continues to move downward until its bottom end face abuts against the bottom of the axial blind hole of the isolation ball 41 . At this time, the center of mass of the inertia pin 51 is lower than the center of the isolation ball 41 to ensure that the isolation ball 41 is in the subsequent movement process. The middle inertia pin 51 is always in the first blind hole of the isolation ball 41 and will not restore the insurance, ensuring that the isolation ball 41 is correctly released from the insurance.

During the movement of the projectile in the chamber, under the action of the pre-pressure of the self-destruction spring 32 and the recoil force of the firing pin component composed of the self-destruction spring 32, the firing pin assembly 33 and the centrifugal ball 34, the firing pin sleeve 332 compresses the cracking ring 72 and cracks. The circular table at the upper end of the ring 72 is inserted into the conical countersunk hole at the bottom end of the firing sleeve 332 , so that the split ring 72 will not be opened by centrifugal force under the constraint of the countersunk hole at the bottom end of the firing needle sleeve 332 . Under the action of recoil, the lower end face of the soft belt 71 is pressed against the upper end face of the main body 1, and the centrifugal force in the inner ballistic stage is not enough to overcome the frictional force of the end face due to the recoil force, so the soft belt 71 cannot be opened. It is ensured that the firing pin assembly 33 will not move downward in the chamber to lock the isolation ball 41 and cause failure, and will not pierce the needle detonator 42 at one end of the isolation ball 41 that has been turned upside-down unexpectedly and ignite, thereby ensuring the safety of firing in the chamber.

The projectile moves in the chamber to close to the muzzle. When the projectile rotation speed reaches a certain value, the soft belt 71 begins to open under the action of centrifugal force. The projectile flies out of the muzzle and approaches the end of the after-effect period. . At the same time, the split ring 6 is opened under the action of centrifugal force, thereby releasing another insurance (centrifugal insurance) on the isolation ball 41 . After that, the isolation ball 41 rotates under the action of centrifugal torque, and rotates to the alignment position after the projectile flies out of the muzzle safety distance, that is, the needle detonator 42 at one end of the isolation ball 41 is facing the firing pin assembly 33, and the other end is facing the firing pin assembly 33. The acupuncture detonator 42 is facing the booster tube 8, the axis of the acupuncture detonator 42 is coincident or nearly coincident with the bullet shaft, and the fuze is in a disarmed state.

The projectile moves to the end of the aftereffect period, and the recoil force received by the firing pin component decreases rapidly. At this time, under the action of centrifugal force, several centrifugal balls 34 climb along the self-destructing slope of the upper end of the main body 1 to lift the firing pin assembly 33, that is, lift the firing pin assembly 33. needle guard 332, thereby releasing the lock on split ring 72. Afterwards, the split ring 72 opens under the action of centrifugal force, the split ring 72 no longer restricts the downward movement of the firing pin assembly 33, and the fuze striking trigger mechanism is in a ready state.

When the projectile hits a thin target such as an aluminum alloy plate, under the action of the inertial force of the forward rush, the firing pin part rushes forward to compress the self-destruction spring 32 . After the projectile head passes through the target plate, the forward overload is rapidly reduced, and when it is reduced to less than the resistance of the self-destruction spring 32, the self-destruction spring 32 pushes the firing pin component to move downward, so that the firing pin assembly 33 pierces the isolation ball The acupuncture detonator 42 at the upper end of 41 makes it ignite, and then detonates another acupuncture detonator 42 at the lower end of the isolation ball 41, and the acupuncture detonator 42 at the lower end of the isolation ball 41 detonates the detonator 8 again, and the detonator 8 then detonates the warhead. Charge, complete the projectile detonation process. The above firing process is equivalent to unloading and delaying firing, ensuring that the projectile part enters the target and then explodes, improving the damage effect.

When the projectile is flying in the air (before landing), if it misses the target, when the projectile speed decays to a certain extent, the resistance of the self-destruction spring 32 will be greater than the axial reaction force generated by the centrifugal ball 34 pressing the self-destruction slope at the upper end of the body 2 , the self-destruction spring 32 will push the firing pin component to pierce the acupuncture detonator 42 at the upper end of the isolation ball 41, and then detonate another acupuncture detonator 42 at the lower end of the isolation ball 41, and the acupuncture detonator 42 at the lower end of the isolation ball 41 detonates the detonator again. 8. The detonator 8 then detonates the warhead charge to achieve the predetermined self-destruction function.

When the ball rotor mechanism in the fuze does not turn unexpectedly after the projectile is launched, but is still in the initial assembly position (the credible failure mode of the ball rotor mechanism), if the inertia pin 51 does not recoil for some reason and is still in the assembly position, the predetermined trigger action or During self-destruction, the firing pin assembly 33 will move downward, so that the firing pin tip feature enters the second blind hole of the inertial pin 51; , the firing pin assembly 33 will move toward the bottom of the fuze, so that its fourth cylinder enters the first blind hole on the isolation ball 41, so that the fuze enters a self-failure state.

If the ball-rotor mechanism in the fuze has been rotated after the projectile is fired, but it has not been turned upright by accident, the firing pin assembly 33 will move toward the bottom of the fuze when the predetermined triggering action or self-destruction occurs, so that the firing pin tip at the bottom end of the fourth cylinder on the firing pin rod 331 The feature pierces the spherical surface of the isolation ball 41 and is damaged (bent, blunt), which not only hinders the isolation ball 41 from turning right, but also makes the firing pin 331 basically lose the function of piercing and firing, so that the fuze enters a self-failure state.

Claims (6)

1. A small-caliber rotary shell warhead mechanical trigger fuse comprises a body (1), an upper body (2), a collision type trigger mechanism (3), an explosion-proof and delay relief safety mechanism (4), a recoil safety mechanism (5), a split ring (6) and a booster tube (8); wherein the upper body (2) is coaxially arranged at the upper end of the body (1), and the impact type trigger mechanism (3) is arranged in a cavity formed by the body (1) and the upper body (2); the impact type trigger mechanism (3) comprises a self-destruction spring (32) and a plurality of centrifugal balls (34); the explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism (4) comprises an isolation ball (41), a ball cover (43), a ball seat (44) and two acupuncture detonators (42), and the explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism (4) is arranged at the lower part of the inner cavity of the body (1); the left side and the right side of the isolation ball (41) are respectively provided with a first transverse blind hole, the two first transverse blind holes are coaxial, the axis of the two first transverse blind holes passes through the center of the ball, each first transverse blind hole is internally provided with a needle detonator (42), and the outer ends of the two needle detonators (42) are an input end and an output end; the top end of the isolation ball (41) is provided with a first blind hole coaxial with the fuse; the recoil safety mechanism (5) comprises an inertia pin (51) and a shearing pin (52), and the inertia pin (51) is arranged in the first blind hole; the isolation ball (41), the two needle detonators (42), the inertia pin (51) and the shear pin (52) form a ball rotor component, and the ball cover (43) and the ball seat (44) together form a containing and moving chamber of the ball rotor component; the split ring (6) is a centrifugal safety part of the ball rotor part and is clamped outside a crescent notch at the lower end of the isolation ball (41) to realize one safety of the isolation ball (41), namely centrifugal safety; the booster tube (8) is arranged at the rear end of the explosion-proof and delay relief mechanism (4), part of the booster tube protrudes out of the lower end face of the body (1) and is used for amplifying detonation energy output by the needle detonator (42) during fuze action so as to detonate the warhead of the projectile to charge; the explosion-proof and delay-release safety device is characterized by further comprising a safety mechanism (7) of the impact type trigger mechanism, wherein the safety mechanism (7) is arranged between the impact type trigger mechanism (3) and the explosion-proof and delay-release safety mechanism (4) and is used for limiting the impact type trigger mechanism (3) to move towards the direction of the bullet bottom under the action of the recoil overload; the safety mechanism (7) of the impact type trigger mechanism is a centrifugal safety mechanism and comprises a soft belt (71) and a split ring (72), wherein the soft belt (71) is arranged on the outer side of the split ring (72) to realize the safety of the split ring (72).

2. The small-caliber rotary projectile warhead mechanical trigger fuze of claim 1, wherein: the impact type trigger mechanism (3) further comprises a firing pin component (33), wherein the firing pin component (33) comprises a firing pin rod (331) and a firing pin sleeve (332), and the firing pin rod (331) and the firing pin sleeve are coaxially connected and fixed.

3. The small-caliber rotary projectile warhead mechanical trigger fuze of claim 2, wherein: the split ring (72) comprises a first circular truncated cone with the diameter increasing from top to bottom, a first counter bore with the diameter increasing from top to bottom is formed in the center of the bottom end of the needle striking sleeve (332), the first circular truncated cone on the split ring (72) extends into the first counter bore at the bottom end of the needle striking sleeve (332), a gap is formed between the first counter bore and the first counter bore, the overload of a recoil seat is ensured to be close to disappear, and meanwhile, after the needle striking sleeve (332) is lifted under the action of the centrifugal ball (34), the split ring (72) can be thrown away under the action of centrifugal force to release the safety of the needle striking sleeve (332).

4. The small-caliber rotary projectile warhead mechanical trigger fuze of claim 1, wherein after the inertia pin (51) shears the shear pin (52), the bottom end face abuts against the first blind inner end face on the isolating ball (41), and the center of mass of the inertia pin (51) is lower than the center of sphere of the isolating ball (41), thereby ensuring that the inertia pin (51) does not recover security during movement after the isolating ball (41).

5. The small-caliber rotary projectile warhead mechanical trigger fuse as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein: an axial second blind hole is formed in the center of the top end of the inertia pin (51); the bottom end of the firing pin (33) is provided with a first cylinder protruding out of the bottom surface of the firing pin sleeve (332), the firing point characteristic is arranged on the bottom surface of the first cylinder, and the firing point characteristic part extends into a second blind hole in the inertia pin (51); the diameter of a first blind hole on the isolating ball (41) is larger than the diameter of a first cylinder of the firing pin (33); when the ball rotor mechanism in the fuze is not accidentally rotated after the shot is shot and still located at the initial assembly position, under the preset triggering action or self-destruction, the firing pin component (33) moves towards the bottom direction of the fuze, so that the firing pin point characteristic of the firing pin rod (331) enters a second blind hole of the inertia pin (51) or a fourth cylinder on the firing pin rod (331) enters a first blind hole on the isolation ball (41), and the fuze enters a self-failure state; if the ball rotor mechanism in the fuze rotates but does not rotate accidentally after the shot is shot, under the preset triggering action or self-destruction, the firing pin component (33) moves towards the bottom of the fuze, so that the firing pin point characteristic at the bottom end of the fourth cylinder on the firing pin rod (331) punctures the spherical surface of the isolating ball (41) and is damaged, the isolating ball (41) is prevented from rotating, the firing pin rod (331) basically loses the firing function, and the fuze enters a self-failure state.

6. The small-caliber rotary projectile warhead mechanical trigger fuze of claim 1, wherein: the middle position of the inner cavity of the upper body (2) is preset with a circumferential weak link (21), when the fuse lands at a large attack angle, the weak link (21) on the upper body (2) can also bend under the action of a small positive impact force, so that the head of the upper body (2) moves downwards to push a firing pin assembly (33), and the reliability of the large attack angle ignition and ground rubbing explosion action is improved.

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