CN112050481A - A zigzag collector - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a zigzag heat collector. By arranging a back plate in a zigzag shape on a carrier, the back plate can cooperate with the carrier to form a fluid heat exchange channel, and a baffle is arranged in the fluid heat exchange channel, so that the back plate can cooperate with the carrier to form a fluid heat exchange channel. It is divided into a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, the adjacent back plates of each fluid heat exchange channel are the first side and the second side respectively, and the photovoltaic unit is arranged on the first side and the first heat exchange Corresponding channels, the heat collecting unit is arranged on the second side to correspond to the second heat exchange channel, and the fluid inflow unit and the fluid outflow unit are respectively connected to both ends of the first heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel. The fluid in the first heat exchange channel exchanges heat with the photovoltaic unit, that is, the photovoltaic unit is cooled to improve the power generation efficiency; the fluid in the second heat exchange channel exchanges heat with the heat collection unit to improve the heat utilization efficiency. The dual benefits of light and electricity improve the comprehensive utilization rate of solar energy.

Description

A zigzag collector

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar photothermal photovoltaics, and in particular relates to a sawtooth-shaped heat collector.

Background technique

The conversion efficiency of solar photovoltaic cells will decrease due to the increase of its own temperature. The conversion efficiency of existing photovoltaic cells is about 12% to 20%, that is, about 80% of the energy of the solar energy will be converted into heat, which is absorbed by the cells. Therefore, it is necessary to take necessary measures to reduce the temperature of the cells to ensure higher power generation efficiency, and at the same time make use of the heat of the cells. The current technology mainly focuses on laying various heat dissipation devices on the back of the solar photovoltaic panel, reducing the temperature of the battery through the convection heat exchange of the fluid, and making use of this part of the heat energy, but the commonly used heat energy is low in temperature, low in energy quality and The defect of low thermal utilization efficiency does not realize the dual benefits of photovoltaic light and heat.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sawtooth-shaped heat collector to solve the problem of low comprehensive utilization rate of the existing solar energy.

For solving the above problems, the technical scheme of the present invention is:

A zigzag heat collector of the present invention includes a carrier, a plurality of back plates, a plurality of photovoltaic units, a plurality of heat collecting units, a plurality of partition plates, a fluid inflow unit, and a fluid outflow unit;

The back plates are connected end to end in sequence and are arranged on the carrier, and the adjacent back plates are arranged obliquely, and a plurality of the back plates cooperate with the carrier to form a plurality of fluid heat exchange channels; the fluid heat exchange Each of the channels includes a bottom surface on the carrier, a first side surface and a second side surface respectively connected to the bottom surface, and the intersection line of the first side surface and the second side surface is a top edge;

The photovoltaic units are respectively arranged on the corresponding first side surfaces;

The heat collecting units are respectively arranged on the corresponding second side surfaces;

The partition plates are respectively arranged in the corresponding fluid heat exchange channels, and the upper and lower ends of the partition plates are respectively connected with the corresponding bottom surface and the top edge, and the fluid heat exchange channels are connected to each other. is divided into a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel;

The fluid inflow unit is arranged on the carrier, and the input end is used for receiving fluid, and the output end is respectively connected with the first end of each of the first heat exchange channels and the end of each of the second heat exchange channels. The first end is connected;

The fluid outflow unit is arranged on the carrier, and the input end is connected to the second end of each of the first heat exchange channels and the second end of each of the second heat exchange channels, and the output end is used for The heat exchanged fluid is output.

In the zigzag-shaped heat collector of the present invention, the heat collecting unit includes a transparent glass cover plate and a heat absorption plate; the heat absorption plate is plated with a selective absorption coating, and is encapsulated in the transparent glass cover plate and the heat absorption plate. between the back plates of the second side.

In the zigzag-shaped heat collector of the present invention, the photovoltaic unit includes a plurality of photovoltaic cell sheets, and the photovoltaic cell sheets are respectively attached to the backboard of the corresponding first side surface.

The sawtooth-shaped heat collector of the present invention further comprises a reflector rotatably connected to the carrier for reflecting sunlight to the back panel on one side of the backlight surface.

In the zigzag heat collector of the present invention, the fluid inflow unit includes an inflow pipe and an upper header; the input end of the inflow pipe is used for receiving fluid; the upper header is arranged on the carrier, and the input end is connected with the output end of the inflow pipe, and the output end is respectively connected with the first end of each of the first heat exchange channels and the first end of each of the second heat exchange channels;

In the zigzag heat collector of the present invention, the fluid outflow unit includes an outflow pipe and a lower header; the lower header is arranged on the carrier, and the input end is connected to the second end of each of the first heat exchange channels and The second end of each of the second heat exchange channels is connected, and the output end is connected to the input end of the outflow pipe for mixing the heat-exchanged fluid; the output end of the outflow pipe is used for outputting the heat-exchanged fluid. fluid.

In the zigzag-shaped heat collector of the present invention, the included angle between the first side and the second side is 90°; and the acute angle between the back plate on the sunny side and the horizontal plane is α, where α is the installation location. The best tilt angle for solar energy.

The sawtooth-shaped heat collector of the present invention further comprises heat exchange fins, which are respectively arranged in the first heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel.

In the sawtooth-shaped heat collector of the present invention, the material of the heat exchange fins is a phase change material.

In the zigzag-shaped heat collector of the present invention, an insulating layer is provided on the surface of the carrier facing the back plate.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects due to the adoption of the above technical solutions:

1. In an embodiment of the present invention, the back plate is arranged in a zigzag shape on the carrier, so that the back plate can cooperate with the carrier to form a fluid heat exchange channel, and a baffle is arranged in the fluid heat exchange channel to separate it into a first heat exchange channel. The heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel, the adjacent back plates of each fluid heat exchange channel are the first side and the second side respectively, wherein the photovoltaic unit is arranged on the first side corresponding to the first heat exchange channel, The heat collecting unit is arranged on the second side surface corresponding to the second heat exchange channel, and a fluid inflow unit and a fluid outflow unit are respectively connected to both ends of the first heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel. A first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel are arranged below the photovoltaic unit and the heat collecting unit, and the fluid in the first heat exchange channel exchanges heat with the photovoltaic unit, that is, the photovoltaic unit is cooled to improve the power generation efficiency; the second heat exchange channel The fluid in the hot channel exchanges heat with the heat collection unit, and the fluid after heat exchange in the two channels is output to the next process through the fluid outflow unit, which improves the heat utilization efficiency, realizes the dual benefits of light and electricity, and improves the solar energy. Comprehensive utilization.

2. In an embodiment of the present invention, a reflective plate is arranged on the carrier board to reflect the sunlight, and provide sunlight for the photovoltaic unit or the heat collecting unit on the back panel of the backlight surface, which is beneficial to the maximum of the backlight surface. It can receive reflected light and ensure the best light incident rate and solar radiation absorption rate of the light absorbing surface.

3. In an embodiment of the present invention, the zigzag-shaped heat collector has a compact structure. Compared with the traditional solar heat collector and photovoltaic panel, the back plate has its own inclination angle, and the inclination angle of the sunny side is set as the place of use. The optimal inclination angle of local solar energy is conducive to the optimal incidence of sunlight, saving installation brackets and reducing installation costs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front sectional view of the sawtooth-shaped heat collector of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the sawtooth-shaped heat collector of the present invention;

3 is a top sectional view of the sawtooth-shaped heat collector of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1: light-transmitting glass cover plate; 2: photovoltaic cell; 3: heat absorbing plate; 4: back plate; 5: separator; 6: fluid heat exchange channel; 7: reflective plate; 8: bearing 9: insulation layer; 10: upper header; 11: inflow pipe; 12: lower header; 13: outflow pipe.

Detailed ways

The zigzag-shaped heat collector proposed by the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and claims.

1 to 3, in one embodiment, a sawtooth-shaped heat collector includes a carrier 8, a number of back plates 4, a number of photovoltaic units, a number of heat collection units, a number of separators 5, a fluid inflow unit, a fluid outflow unit.

The back plates 4 are connected end to end in sequence and are arranged on the carrier 8 , and the adjacent back plates 4 are arranged obliquely, and a plurality of back plates 4 cooperate with the carrier 8 to form a plurality of fluid heat exchange channels 6 . Each of the fluid heat exchange channels 6 includes a bottom surface on the carrier 8 and a first side surface and a second side surface respectively connected to the bottom surface, and the intersection line of the first side surface and the second side surface is the top edge.

The photovoltaic units are respectively arranged on the corresponding first side surfaces. The heat collecting units are respectively arranged on the corresponding second side surfaces.

The baffles 5 are respectively arranged in the corresponding fluid heat exchange channels 6, and the upper and lower ends of the baffles 5 are respectively connected with the corresponding bottom surface and the top edge, and separate the fluid heat exchange channels 6 into the first heat exchange channel and the upper and lower ends. The second heat exchange channel.

The fluid inflow unit is arranged on the carrier 8, and the input end is used to connect the fluid, and the output end is respectively connected with the first end of each first heat exchange channel and the first end of each second heat exchange channel. The fluid outflow unit is arranged on the carrier 8, and the input end is connected to the second end of each first heat exchange channel and the second end of each second heat exchange channel, and the output end is used for outputting the heat-exchanged fluid.

In this embodiment, the back plate 4 is arranged in a zigzag shape on the carrier 8, so that the back plate 4 can cooperate with the carrier 8 to form the fluid heat exchange channel 6, and the partition plate 5 is arranged in the fluid heat exchange channel 6 to separate them. For the first heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel, the adjacent back plates 4 of each fluid heat exchange channel 6 are the first side and the second side respectively, wherein the photovoltaic unit is arranged on the first side and the first side. Corresponding to the heat exchange channel, the heat collecting unit is arranged on the second side to correspond to the second heat exchange channel, and the fluid inflow unit and the fluid outflow unit are respectively connected to both ends of the first heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel. A first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel are arranged below the photovoltaic unit and the heat collecting unit, and the fluid in the first heat exchange channel exchanges heat with the photovoltaic unit, that is, the photovoltaic unit is cooled to improve the power generation efficiency; the second heat exchange channel The fluid in the hot channel exchanges heat with the heat collection unit, and the fluid after heat exchange in the two channels is output to the next process through the fluid outflow unit, which improves the heat utilization efficiency, realizes the dual benefits of light and electricity, and improves the solar energy. Comprehensive utilization.

At the same time, the zigzag-shaped heat collector of this embodiment has a compact structure. Compared with traditional solar heat collectors and photovoltaic panels, the back plate 4 is provided with its own inclination angle, and the inclination angle of the sun-facing surface is set to the local solar energy of the place of use. The optimal inclination angle is conducive to the best incidence of sunlight, saving installation brackets and reducing installation costs.

The specific structure of the sawtooth-shaped heat collector of the present embodiment is further described below:

In this embodiment, the heat collecting unit may specifically include a transparent glass cover plate 1 and a heat absorbing plate 3 . The heat absorption plate 3 is coated with a selective absorption coating, and is encapsulated between the transparent glass cover plate 1 and the back plate 4 located on the second side.

The photovoltaic unit specifically includes a plurality of photovoltaic cell sheets 2, and the photovoltaic cell sheets 2 are respectively attached to the backboard 4 on the corresponding first side.

The material of the back plate 4 can be a metal material to facilitate heat transfer. The specific shape of the cross section of the fluid heat exchange channel 6 formed by the back plate 4 and the carrier 8 can be a triangle or other similar triangles.

The carrier may specifically be a metal frame, or may be other components with a bearing function, which are not specifically limited herein.

It should be noted that, among the first side surface and the second side surface, which side is arranged on the sunny side and which side is arranged on the back side can be arranged according to specific working conditions (ie, the demand for power generation and heat generation). The acute angle included between the back plate 4 on the sunny side and the horizontal plane is α, and α can be set as the optimal inclination angle of the local solar energy at the use site, which is beneficial to the optimal incidence of sunlight. Preferably, the top angle at the top edge, that is, the included angle between the first side surface and the second side surface, can be set at ninety degrees.

In this embodiment, the sawtooth-shaped heat collector further includes a reflector 7 rotatably connected to the carrier 8 for reflecting sunlight to the back panel 4 on one side of the backlight surface. By reflecting the sunlight, the sawtooth backlight surface is provided with sunlight. In order to facilitate the backlight surface to receive the reflected light to the maximum extent, the angle θ between the reflector 7 and the horizontal plane of the collector can be adjusted to ensure that the reflected light is incident at 90 degrees. The height of 7 is set according to the specific width of the heat collector, which can reflect sunlight to each photovoltaic cell 2 or the heat absorbing plate 3 .

By arranging a rotatably connected reflector 7 on the carrier plate, the sunlight is reflected to provide the photovoltaic unit or the heat collecting unit located on the back panel 4 of the backlight surface with sunlight, which is beneficial for the backlight surface to receive the reflected light to the maximum extent. To ensure the best light incidence rate and solar radiation absorption rate of the light absorbing surface.

In this embodiment, the fluid inflow unit may specifically include an inflow pipe 11 and an upper header 10 . The input end of the inflow pipe 11 is used to feed the fluid. The upper header 10 is arranged on the bearing member 8, the input end is connected to the output end of the inflow pipe 11, and the output end is respectively connected to the first end of each first heat exchange channel and the first end of each second heat exchange channel .

In this embodiment, the fluid outflow unit includes an outflow pipe 13 and a lower header 12 . The lower header 12 is arranged on the carrier 8, the input end is connected with the second end of each first heat exchange channel and the second end of each second heat exchange channel, and the output end is connected with the input end of the outflow pipe 13, for mixing heat-exchanged fluids. The output end of the outflow pipe 13 is used to output the heat-exchanged fluid. Of course, according to user requirements, the fluid of the first heat exchange channel and the fluid of the second heat exchange channel can also be provided with separate fluid outlets.

In this embodiment, the sawtooth-shaped heat collector may further include heat exchange fins, which are respectively disposed in the first heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel to enhance heat exchange. Wherein, the material of the heat exchange fins may be a phase change material. The heat emitted by the solar energy absorbed by the photovoltaic cells 2 and the heat absorbing plate 3 during the day can be converted into latent heat and stored in the phase change energy storage medium, and the heat is released at night when there is no sunlight and absorbed by the fluid in the two channels. , and further improve the heat utilization rate.

In this embodiment, the surface of the carrier 8 facing the back plate 4 is provided with a thermal insulation layer 9 to further reduce heat loss and improve heat utilization.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, if these changes fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and the technical equivalents thereof, they still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A zigzag heat collector, characterized in that it comprises a carrier, a number of back plates, a number of photovoltaic units, a number of heat collection units, a number of partitions, a fluid inflow unit, and a fluid outflow unit; The back plates are connected end to end in sequence and are arranged on the carrier, and the adjacent back plates are arranged obliquely, and a plurality of the back plates cooperate with the carrier to form a plurality of fluid heat exchange channels; the fluid heat exchange Each of the channels includes a bottom surface on the carrier, a first side surface and a second side surface respectively connected to the bottom surface, and the intersection line of the first side surface and the second side surface is a top edge; The photovoltaic units are respectively arranged on the corresponding first side surfaces; The heat collecting units are respectively arranged on the corresponding second side surfaces; The partition plates are respectively arranged in the corresponding fluid heat exchange channels, and the upper and lower ends of the partition plates are respectively connected with the corresponding bottom surface and the top edge, and the fluid heat exchange channels are connected to each other. is divided into a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel; The fluid inflow unit is arranged on the carrier, and the input end is used for receiving fluid, and the output end is respectively connected with the first end of each of the first heat exchange channels and the end of each of the second heat exchange channels. The first end is connected; The fluid outflow unit is arranged on the carrier, and the input end is connected to the second end of each of the first heat exchange channels and the second end of each of the second heat exchange channels, and the output end is used for The heat exchanged fluid is output. 2 . The sawtooth-shaped heat collector according to claim 1 , wherein the heat collecting unit comprises a light-transmitting glass cover plate and a heat absorption plate; the heat absorption plate is plated with a selective absorption coating, and 2 . It is packaged between the transparent glass cover plate and the back plate located on the second side. 3 . The sawtooth-shaped heat collector according to claim 1 , wherein the photovoltaic unit comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cell sheets, and the photovoltaic cell sheets are respectively attached to the back of the corresponding first side surface. 4 . board. 4 . The sawtooth-shaped heat collector according to claim 1 , further comprising a reflective plate rotatably connected to the carrier, for reflecting sunlight to the back plate on one side of the backlight surface. 5 . 5 . The sawtooth-shaped heat collector according to claim 1 , wherein the fluid inflow unit comprises an inflow pipe and an upper header; the input end of the inflow pipe is used for receiving fluid; the upper header Set on the carrier, the input end is connected to the output end of the inflow pipe, and the output end is respectively connected to the first end of each of the first heat exchange channels and the first end of each of the second heat exchange channels. end connected; 6 . The sawtooth-shaped heat collector according to claim 1 , wherein the fluid outflow unit comprises an outflow pipe and a lower header; the lower header is arranged on the carrier, and the input end is connected to each of the The second end of the first heat exchange channel is connected to the second end of each of the second heat exchange channels, and the output end is connected to the input end of the outflow pipe for mixing the heat-exchanged fluid; the outflow pipe The output end is used to output the heat-exchanged fluid. 7. The sawtooth-shaped heat collector according to claim 1, wherein the included angle between the first side and the second side is 90°; The included angle is α, and α is the optimal inclination angle of solar energy at the installation site. 8 . The sawtooth-shaped heat collector according to claim 1 , further comprising heat exchange fins, which are respectively provided in the first heat exchange channel and the second heat exchange channel. 9 . 9 . The sawtooth-shaped heat collector according to claim 8 , wherein the material of the heat exchange fins is a phase change material. 10 . 10 . The sawtooth-shaped heat collector according to claim 1 , wherein a surface of the carrier facing the back plate is provided with a thermal insulation layer. 11 .

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