CN112038516A - A new energy vehicle battery box structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a new energy automobile battery box structure which comprises a battery box body, a battery box cover, a battery cell limiting assembly, an isolation plate, a fan mechanism and a plurality of battery cell module frames, wherein the battery box body is arranged on the battery box cover; the side wall panels of the battery box body are provided with heat dissipation ports, the battery cell limiting assembly is positioned in the battery box body and comprises a front partition plate, a rear partition plate and a plurality of side plates, a plurality of battery cell module placing grids are formed, and the front partition plate, the rear partition plate and the battery cell module frame are matched with the heat dissipation ports and the fan assembly through air holes to form a forced cooling air duct; the battery box body, the battery box cover and the battery cell limiting assembly are all made of composite material laying layers. Compared with the prior art, the invention can solve the safety problem caused by using the metal box body, and the problems of the service life reduction of the battery cell and the use cost increase of the battery box caused by the unreasonable design of the heat dissipation system.

Description

A new energy vehicle battery box structure

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, in particular to a new energy vehicle battery box structure.

Background technique

In today's society, gasoline and diesel vehicles are the mainstream of the automobile industry, but gasoline and diesel vehicles consume a lot of ore energy, produce greenhouse gases, and cause a greenhouse effect, and the reserves of ore energy are limited, and new automotive energy has become a developed and developing country. common problems.

New energy vehicles refer to all other energy vehicles except gasoline and diesel engines, including fuel cell vehicles, hybrid vehicles, hydrogen energy vehicles and solar vehicles, etc., and their exhaust emissions are relatively low. New energy vehicles refer to unconventional vehicles. The vehicle fuel is used as the power source, and the advanced technology in the power control and driving of the vehicle is integrated to form a vehicle with advanced technical principle, new technology and new structure. The key direction of new energy vehicles to replace fuel vehicles has become the forward trend of the automotive industry.

The battery boxes used in today's new energy vehicles mainly use metal shells, and the cooling system uses forced air cooling systems. Most of the battery box module frame structures are processed by 3D printing. However, this design has great defects, mainly as follows: 1. The metal material used in the battery box must be used in conjunction with the grounding wire. If the grounding wire fails during vehicle repair and use, it will directly expose personnel to several Under the high voltage of 100 volts, once there is leakage, it will cause major property losses and casualties, and it has a lot of potential safety hazards; 2. The design of the cooling system is unreasonable, and many air duct designs are based on modules, so that a single cell is designed. Uneven temperature due to uneven heat dissipation reduces the life of the cell.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new energy vehicle battery box structure. In order to solve the safety problems caused by the use of metal boxes and the unreasonable design of the heat dissipation system in the above-mentioned background art, the life of the battery cells is shortened and the use cost of the battery box is increased.

The object of the present invention can be realized through the following technical solutions:

A new energy vehicle battery box structure, comprising:

The battery box has a rectangular box structure with an open top, and the side panels of the battery box are provided with cooling vents.

The battery box cover is connected to the top of the battery box body,

The battery cell limit assembly is composed of a front partition, a rear partition and several side plates. The front partition and the rear partition are respectively arranged at the front and rear of the battery box, and are connected with the left side of the battery box. The enclosure panel and the right enclosure panel enclose the cell module placement space. The two ends of each side panel are respectively connected to the front partition and the rear partition, and the cell module placement space is divided into multiple cell modules. place grid,

A plurality of cell module frames are used to form a cell module by assembling with the cell, and are placed in the cell module placement compartment.

The isolation board is placed above the cell module frame,

The fan mechanism is arranged at the heat dissipation port on the rear side panel of the battery box body, and the air intake direction is from the inside of the battery box body to the outside;

The front clapboard, the rear clapboard and the battery core module frame are respectively provided with the front clapboard air hole, the rear clapboard air hole and the module frame air hole, which are connected with the front side panel and the rear of the battery box box. The heat dissipation port on the side panel and the fan assembly cooperate to form a forced cooling air duct;

The battery box body, the battery box cover, and the battery cell limit components are all made of composite material layers.

Preferably, the top and front sides of the left side panel and the right side panel of the battery box are provided with box ears for the connection between the battery box and the battery box cover.

Preferably, each cell module placement compartment is used for placing at least two cell modules arranged one behind the other.

Preferably, the front clapboard, the rear clapboard and the side plates are fixed by means of gluing.

Preferably, the cell module frame has a plurality of air duct panels parallel to the front and rear partitions, and the module frame air hole is composed of a first module frame air hole and a second module frame air hole, The air hole of the first module frame is arranged in the middle of the air duct panel, and the left and right edges of the air duct panel are provided with depressions, which cooperate with the side plates to form the air holes of the second module frame. The front baffle air holes on the upper part and the rear baffle air holes on the rear baffle plate are respectively matched with the air holes of the module frame.

Preferably, the front baffle air holes, the rear baffle air holes and the module frame air holes are all elongated holes.

Preferably, the left and right sides of the cell module frame are open structures, and the top of the cell module frame is provided with frame tabs for hanging it into the cell module frame.

Preferably, the fan mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the rear side panel of the battery box body, and there is a gap between the fan mechanism and the rear partition plate, so as to make the air flow out of the battery box body quickly and avoid backflow.

Preferably, the left side panel and the right side panel of the battery box box located at the outer part of the front partition are inclined inward to form a chamfer, and the left side panel and the right side panel are provided with wire holes at the inwardly inclined position; the guide The heights of the corners and the front side panel are relatively low, the front end of the battery box cover has a matching L-shaped plate folded down, and the vertical part of the L-shaped plate is provided with a heat dissipation port.

110HERO泡沫，所述的蒙皮材料层由从外向内 依次设置的单边45°凯夫拉交织布、0°单向碳纤维布、90°单向碳纤维布和45° 凯夫拉交织布组成。Preferably, the composite material layer is composed of a core material layer and a skin material layer arranged on both sides of the new material layer; the core material layer is made of

110HERO foam, the skin material layer is composed of unilateral 45° Kevlar interwoven cloth, 0° unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, 90° unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and 45° Kevlar interwoven cloth arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

1. Use composite material layup instead of metal material box. Composite laminates result in boxes with better strength than metal, lower weight, the same fire performance, and most importantly, better insulation, which is safer.

2. The cooling system of the battery box of the present invention uses forced air cooling in order to reduce the weight of the battery box. The planned air duct is consistent with the driving direction of the vehicle, and the wind direction is the same as the driving direction of the vehicle, which is convenient for the entry of external wind. The cell is taken as the unit, and the heat dissipation of each cell is fully considered, so that the temperature of the cell is balanced, the service life is improved, and the cost of using the battery box is reduced.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a top-view structural schematic diagram of a battery box structure of a new energy vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention (excluding the battery box cover).

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery box of a new energy vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention (without a separator).

Fig. 3 is an assembly schematic diagram of the structure of a battery box of a new energy vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention (excluding the battery box cover and the isolation plate).

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite material layup in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a heat dissipation simulation diagram of a battery box structure of a new energy vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic front view of the structure of a battery box of a new energy vehicle in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an isometric view of an isolation plate of a battery box of a new energy vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 is the battery box body, 101 is the front side panel, 102 is the rear side panel, 103 is the left side panel, 104 is the right side panel, 105 is the box ear piece, 106 is the chamfer, 2 is the battery Box cover, 201 is the L-shaped plate, 3 is the cell module frame, 301 is the air duct panel, 302 is the air hole of the module frame, 3021 is the air hole of the first module frame, and 3022 is the air hole of the second module frame. Holes, 303 is the frame ear piece, 4 is the front partition, 401 is the air hole of the front partition, 5 is the rear partition, 501 is the air hole of the rear partition, 6 is the side plate, 7 is the fan mechanism, 8 is the cooling port , 9 is the line hole, 10 is the isolation plate.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

A battery box structure of a new energy vehicle, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, includes a battery box body 1, a battery box cover 2, a cell limit component, an isolation plate 10, a fan mechanism 7 and a plurality of cell modules Framework 3, where:

The battery box body 1 has a rectangular box structure with an open top, and the side panels of the battery box box 1 are provided with heat dissipation ports 8 (the heat dissipation ports 8 are preferably square); the battery case cover 2 is connected to the battery case. The top of the box body 1; the battery cell limit assembly is composed of a front partition plate 4, a rear partition plate 5 and a number of side plates 6, and the front partition plate 4 and the rear partition plate 5 are respectively arranged in the front and rear parts of the battery box box body 1. At the rear, and with the left side panel 103 and the right side panel 104 of the battery box 1 to form a cell module placement space, the two ends of each side panel 6 are connected to the front partition 4 and the rear partition 5 Connect and separate the cell module placement space into multiple cell module placement compartments; multiple cell module frames 3 are used to assemble the cell modules to form cell modules, and are placed in the cell module placement compartments The isolation plate 10 is placed above the battery module frame 3; the fan mechanism 7 is arranged at the heat dissipation port 8 on the rear side panel 102 of the battery box box 1, and the air intake direction is from the inside of the battery box box 1 to the outside world. The front partition 4 , the rear partition 5 and the battery module frame 3 are respectively provided with a front partition air hole 401 , a rear partition air hole 501 and a module frame air hole 302 . The cooling vents 8 and the fan assembly 7 on the front side enclosure panel 101 and the rear side enclosure panel 102 cooperate to form a forced cooling air duct. The battery box body 1, the battery box cover 2, and the cell limit components are all made of composite materials.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 2 , in order to facilitate the connection between the battery box body 1 and the battery box cover 2 , it is preferable that the top and front of the left side panel 103 and the right side panel 104 of the battery case 1 are at the front and rear. Box ears 105 are provided on both sides. In this embodiment, the box body ears 105 are folded outwards, the battery box box cover 2 is provided with box cover ears that match the box body ears 105 , and the battery box box cover 2 is connected to the battery box body 1 At the time, the connection is performed through the connecting piece (the connecting piece can be a bolt and a nut) pierced through the box cover ear piece and the box body ear piece 105 .

In this embodiment, it is preferable that the front partition 4 , the rear partition 5 and the side plate 6 are fixed by gluing to fix and limit the position of the cell module frame 3 , more preferably the front partition 4 , the rear partition The shape of the plate 5 and the side plate 6 is a rectangle. The left and right side edges of the rear partition 5 are also provided with bent pieces for better connection with the battery box body 1 . The side plates 6 can be reasonably selected according to the actual situation. As shown in FIG. 1 , in this embodiment, the number of the side plates 6 is preferably 5, which are arranged side by side in the front-rear direction, and the cell module placement space is divided into 6 cells. For the module placement compartment, preferably, some weight-reducing holes are also provided on the side plate 6 . Each cell module placement compartment is used to place at least two battery cell modules arranged in front of each other. For example, in this embodiment, each cell module placement compartment is used to place two battery cell modules arranged in front of each other. In this embodiment, it is preferable that the left and right sides of the cell module frame 3 are open structures, and the top of the cell module frame 3 is provided with frame tabs 303 for hanging it into the cell module frame. Further preferably, the side plate 6 is provided with a side plate ear piece at the position corresponding to the frame ear piece 303. After the side plate 6 is assembled with the cell module frame 3, the side plate ear piece and the battery are connected by bolts and nuts. The frame tabs 303 can make the connection between the side plate 6 and the cell module frame 3 more stable. During assembly, after the cell module frame 3 and the cell are assembled into a cell module, use a fishing line to pass through the through holes on the frame ears 303 protruding from the top of the cell module frame 3, and connect the module. Hanging into the battery box body 1, the isolation plate 10 (the structure of which is shown in Figure 7) is placed above the cell module frame 3 (as shown in Figure 6) to prevent the metal parts from accidentally falling off during maintenance. Short-circuiting the tabs of the battery cells causes property damage and casualties, which improves the safety of the present invention.

In this example, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , preferably, the cell module frame 3 has a plurality of air duct panels 301 parallel to the front and rear partitions, and the module frame air holes 302 are composed of the first module frame air holes 3021 and the front and rear partitions. The second module frame air hole 3022 is formed. The first module frame air hole 3021 is arranged in the middle of the air duct panel 301. The left and right edges of the air duct panel 301 are provided with depressions, which are formed in cooperation with the side panels 6. The second module frame air holes 3022 , the front baffle air holes 401 on the front baffle 4 and the rear baffle air holes 501 on the rear baffle 5 are respectively matched with the module frame air holes 302 . In this embodiment, it is preferable that the front baffle air hole 401, the rear baffle air hole 501 and the module frame air hole 302 are all elongated holes. In this embodiment, it is further preferred that the length of the air hole 3022 of the second module frame is longer than the length of the air hole 3021 of the first module frame.

In this embodiment, it is preferable that the fan mechanism 7 is three fans. In practice, the number of fans can be reasonably selected according to the heat dissipation requirements and the openings of the heat dissipation ports 8. The fan mechanism 7 is disposed on the inner side of the rear side panel 102 of the battery box casing 1 , and there is a space between the fan mechanism 7 and the rear partition plate 5 . In addition, in this embodiment, it is preferable that the left side panel 103 and the right side panel 104 of the battery box box 1 located outside the front partition 4 are inclined inward to form a chamfer 106 , and the left side panel 103 and the right side panel 104 are facing inward. There is a wire hole 9 at the inner slope, and the wire hole 9 is preferably circular, which is used to pass through each group of connecting wires connected to the battery; A matching L-shaped plate 201 folded downwards is provided, and the vertical part of the L-shaped plate 201 is provided with a heat dissipation port 8 .

During the driving of the new energy vehicle, the outside air enters the front end of the battery box through the air inlets on both sides of the vehicle body, and enters the battery box from the heat dissipation ports 8 arranged on the battery box body 1 and the battery box cover 2, and then enters the battery box in turn. The cells are cooled through the front partition air holes 401 arranged on the front partition 4, the module frame air holes 302 arranged on the cell module frame 3 and the rear partition air holes 501 arranged on the rear partition 5, Finally, it flows out of the battery box through the fan mechanism 7, which realizes the heat dissipation of the cell modules inside the battery box body, so that the temperature of each cell module is balanced. The first module frame air hole 3021 and the second module frame air hole 3022 The special design of the battery module can fully dissipate heat inside the battery module, so that the internal temperature of each battery module can be balanced. Some heat dissipation ports 8 are also arranged on both sides of the battery box body 1, and some wind can enter the battery box body 1 through these heat dissipation ports 8, so that the cooling conditions of the cells on both sides are the same as other cells. There is a large gap between the battery box casings 1, which can ensure that there is a certain distance between the fan mechanism 7 and the rear partition 5 after the fan mechanism 7 is installed, so that the wind can quickly flow out of the battery box without backflow, which improves the cooling effect; , The heat dissipation port 8 provided at the front end of the battery box cover 2 is also convenient for cooling the battery cell tabs and various components of the battery management system, preventing overheating and causing the electrical system to malfunction.

110HERO泡沫，蒙皮材料层由从外向内依次设置的单 边45°凯夫拉交织布、0°单向碳纤维布、90°单向碳纤维布和45°凯夫拉交织布 组成。使用凯夫拉交织布作为蒙皮材料包夹碳纤维使得得到的板材具有电绝缘性和 防火性，单向碳纤维布使得板材具有很高的抗拉强度，WF700结构性泡沫使得电 池箱具有良好的抗剪切性和抗弯性。这几种材料铺层完毕后使用真空导入的方法添 加树脂，固化后得到的板材具有比金属更高的强度、更轻的重量、良好的防火性以 及金属所不具备的电绝缘性。As shown in Figure 4, the composite material layer consists of a core material layer and a skin material layer arranged on both sides of the new material layer; the core material layer adopts

110HERO foam, the skin material layer is composed of unilateral 45° Kevlar interwoven fabric, 0° unidirectional carbon fiber fabric, 90° unidirectional carbon fiber fabric and 45° Kevlar interwoven fabric arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside. The use of Kevlar interwoven cloth as the skin material to wrap the carbon fiber makes the obtained board have electrical insulation and fire resistance, the unidirectional carbon fiber cloth makes the board have high tensile strength, and the WF700 structural foam makes the battery box have good resistance. Shearing and bending resistance. After the layers of these materials are finished, the resin is added by vacuum introduction. After curing, the obtained board has higher strength, lighter weight, good fire resistance and electrical insulation that metal does not have.

Through the above measures, the new energy vehicle battery box structure of this embodiment has lighter weight, higher strength, good fire resistance and electrical insulation, and the battery core module is continuously and uniformly cooled by the external wind. The life of the battery cell 3 is improved. As shown in Figure 5, the heat dissipation simulation diagram of the structure of the battery box of the new energy vehicle in this embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that the temperature distribution inside the battery box of the new energy vehicle in this embodiment is relatively uniform during the driving process, which can meet the needs of normal operation of the battery cells.

The new energy vehicle using the battery box structure of the new energy vehicle has the advantages of light weight, long service life and good stability, and also has the advantages of easy maintenance and assembly. The application of this new energy vehicle battery box structure in new energy vehicles can significantly improve its performance.

In this embodiment, the above-mentioned front, rear, left and right are relative to the forward direction of the vehicle.

The foregoing description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate understanding and use of the invention by those of ordinary skill in the art. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments can be readily made, and the generic principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive step. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a new energy automobile battery box structure which characterized in that includes:

the battery box body (1) is of a rectangular box body structure with an open top, and the side wall panels of the battery box body (1) are provided with heat dissipation ports (8),

a battery box cover (2) connected with the top of the battery box body (1),

the battery cell limiting assembly is composed of a front partition plate (4), a rear partition plate (5) and a plurality of side plates (6), wherein the front partition plate (4) and the rear partition plate (5) are respectively arranged at the front part and the rear part in a battery box body (1) and are encircled into a battery cell module placing space with a left side surrounding panel (103) and a right side surrounding panel (104) of the battery box body (1), two ends of each side plate (6) are respectively connected with the front partition plate (4) and the rear partition plate (5) and divide the battery cell module placing space into a plurality of battery cell module placing grids,

a plurality of battery cell module frames (3) which are used for being assembled with the battery cells to form battery cell modules and being placed in the battery cell module placing grids,

a partition plate (10) placed above the cell module frame (3),

the fan mechanism (7) is arranged at a heat dissipation opening (8) on a rear side panel (102) of the battery box body (1), and the air inlet direction is from the interior of the battery box body (1) to the outside;

the front partition plate (4), the rear partition plate (5) and the battery cell module frame (3) are respectively provided with a front partition plate air hole (401), a rear partition plate air hole (501) and a module frame air hole (302), and are matched with a heat dissipation port (8) and a fan assembly (7) on a front side wall panel (101) and a rear side wall panel (102) of the battery box body (1) to form a forced cooling air duct;

the battery box body (1), the battery box cover (2) and the battery cell limiting assembly are all made of composite material laying layers.

2. The new energy automobile battery box structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein box lugs (105) are arranged on the front and rear sides of the top of the left surrounding panel (103) and the right surrounding panel (104) of the battery box body (1) and used for connecting the battery box body (1) and the battery box cover (2).

3. The new energy automobile battery box structure of claim 1, wherein each cell module storage grid is used for storing at least two cell modules arranged in front and back.

4. The new energy automobile battery box structure is characterized in that the front partition plate (4), the rear partition plate (5) and the side plates (6) are fixed in an adhesive mode.

5. The new energy automobile battery box structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cell module frame (3) has a plurality of air duct panels (301) parallel to the front and rear partition plates, the module frame air holes (302) are composed of a first module frame air hole (3021) and a second module frame air hole (3022), the first module frame air hole (3021) is disposed in the middle of the air duct panel (301), recesses are disposed at the left and right edges of the air duct panel (301), the recesses cooperate with the side plates (6) to form the second module frame air hole (3022), and the front partition plate air hole (401) on the front partition plate (4) and the rear partition plate air hole (501) on the rear partition plate (5) are respectively disposed in a manner of being matched with the module frame air holes (302).

6. The new energy automobile battery box structure according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the front partition plate air hole (401), the rear partition plate air hole (501) and the module frame air hole (302) are all in the shape of elongated holes.

7. The new energy automobile battery box structure according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the left and right sides of the cell module frame (3) are open structures, and the top of the cell module frame (3) is provided with a frame lug (303) for hanging the cell module frame into the cell module frame.

8. The new energy automobile battery box structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fan mechanism (7) is disposed at an inner side surface of the rear panel (102) of the battery box body (1), and a space is provided between the fan mechanism (7) and the rear partition (5) for allowing the airflow to rapidly flow out of the battery box body (1) to avoid backflow.

9. The new energy automobile battery box structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein a left side panel (103) and a right side panel (104) of the battery box body (1) outside the front partition (4) are inclined inwards to form a guide angle (106), and the left side panel (103) and the right side panel (104) are provided with wire holes (9) at the inwards inclined positions; the height of the guide angle (106) and the height of the front side wall panel (101) are lower, the front end of the battery box cover (2) is provided with an L-shaped plate (201) which is matched with the battery box cover and is turned over downwards, and a vertical part of the L-shaped plate (201) is provided with a heat dissipation port (8).

10. The new energy automobile battery box structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite material layer is composed of a core material layer and skin material layers arranged on two sides of the new material layer; the core material layer adopts

110HERO foam, the skin material layer is composed of single-side 45-degree Kevlar mixed fabric, 0-degree unidirectional carbon fiber cloth, 90-degree unidirectional carbon fiber cloth and 45-degree Kevlar mixed fabric which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside.

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