CN112033360A - Prism centering rod and prism centering rod height measurement method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a prism centering rod and a height measuring method thereof, wherein the prism centering rod comprises the following components: prism, centering rod body and jacking device, jacking device includes: the centering rod comprises a connecting frame, a bolt, a supporting frame and a round head leveling mark, wherein the connecting frame is arranged on one side of the supporting frame, the bolt is arranged on the connecting frame, the round head leveling mark is arranged at one end, far away from the supporting frame, of the bolt, a centering rod body is arranged on the round head leveling mark, and a prism is arranged on the centering rod body; the height measuring method of the prism centering rod comprises the following steps: the leveling instrument and the prism centering rod are arranged at intervals, and the horizontal sight line of the leveling instrument is coincided with the center of the prism by adjusting the bolt; and moving away the centering rod body, arranging an indium tile ruler on the round-head level mark, and reading the height of the prism through the indium tile ruler. The invention reduces the height error of the prism centering rod during the triangulation height measurement and ensures the triangulation height measurement precision.

Description

Prism centering rod and prism centering rod height measurement method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of elevation measurement, in particular to a prism centering rod and a method for measuring the height of the prism centering rod.

Background technique

In the construction of urban rail transit, high-speed railway, and expressway, engineering lines inevitably cross rivers and water systems. Conventional acquisition of elevation datums and electronic levels are used for leveling measurement, which has the disadvantage of not being able to measure long distances, so the measurement of elevations across rivers is limited. At present, the method of obtaining the two sides of the river is to use an ultra-high-precision total station to measure by the method of triangular elevation. When measuring the elevation, two centering rods need to be erected on both sides of the river. The height of the prism centering rod is generally measured by the reading on the rod or with a tape measure or a ruler. Directly use the prism to align the rod to mark the height due to manufacturing error or wear in use, resulting in a large height error, and the measurement accuracy is not high; if it is measured directly with a tape measure or a ruler, it is actually an oblique height. The measurement of tape measure or ruler is affected by manual reading, and the error is large, and the accuracy is not high. Therefore, how to reduce the height error of the prism centering rod in the precise triangular elevation measurement and ensure the quality of the triangular elevation measurement results is an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a prism centering rod and a method for measuring the height of the prism centering rod, so as to accurately measure the height of the prism centering rod and ensure the quality of triangular elevation measurement results.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a prism centering rod, comprising: a prism, a centering rod body and a jacking device, wherein the jacking device includes: a connecting frame, a bolt, a support frame and a round head level mark, so The connection frame is arranged on one side of the support frame, the bolt is arranged on the connection frame, the round head level mark is arranged at the end of the bolt away from the support frame, and the centering rod body is arranged at the end of the bolt. On the round head level mark, the prism is arranged on the centering rod body.

Optionally, a notch is provided at one end of the centering rod body close to the prism, and a prism limiting piece is arranged in the notch.

Optionally, scale lines are provided on the bolts.

Optionally, the jacking device further includes: a vertical rod, a first locking screw, a second locking screw, a connecting rod and a clamping mechanism, the vertical rod is arranged on the connecting frame and the bolt On one side, the connecting rod passes through the vertical rod, the second locking screw is set on the vertical rod to lock the connecting rod, and the clamping mechanism is set on the connecting rod. One end of the rod is far away from the second locking screw, the first locking screw is provided on the vertical rod, and the centering rod body is provided with a threaded hole adapted to the first locking screw.

Optionally, the clamping mechanism includes: a clamping jaw, a casing, a rack, a spring, a gear, an inner sleeve, a mandrel, a nut, a ball head, a stud and a rotating handle, and a guide rail is provided on one side of the casing The two jaws are slidably arranged on the housing, the jaws include sliding legs and a clamping portion, the sliding legs are slidably arranged in the guide rail groove, the The spring is arranged between the two sliding legs in the casing, the casing is provided with a mandrel on the side away from the clamping jaw, and the end of the mandrel close to the clamping jaw is fixedly connected to the casing , the inner sleeve is sleeved on the end of the mandrel away from the clamping claw, the gear is sleeved on the inner sleeve, the rack is engaged with the gear, and one end of the rack is connected with the sliding support leg connection, the rotating handle is arranged on the side of the casing away from the clamping jaw, the rotating handle is connected with the inner sleeve, the mandrel passes through the rotating handle and is connected with the stud, so A spherical groove is provided at one end of the stud away from the clamping jaw, the ball head is arranged in the spherical groove, the connecting rod is connected with the ball head, and the nut is penetrated on the connecting rod to compress the ball head and the rotary handle.

Optionally, the clamping mechanism further includes a roller and a rotating shaft, the clamping portion is provided with a roller groove, the roller is passed through the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is disposed in the roller groove.

The present invention also provides a method for measuring the height of a prism centering rod, comprising:

provide the prism centering rods described above;

The level and the prism centering rod are arranged at intervals, and the level is adjusted so that the height difference between the horizontal line of sight of the level and the center of the prism is smaller than the length of the bolt;

Adjust the bolt to make the horizontal line of sight of the level coincide with the center of the prism;

The centering rod body is removed and an indium tile ruler is set on the round head level mark, and the prism height is read through the indium tile ruler.

The present invention also provides a method for measuring the height of a prism centering rod, comprising: measuring the height of the prism centering rod by using the above-mentioned method for measuring the height of the prism centering rod.

The present invention provides a prism centering rod and a method for measuring the height of the prism centering rod, comprising: arranging a level and a prism centering rod at intervals, adjusting the level so that the height difference between the horizontal line of sight of the level and the center of the prism is less than the length of the bolt; adjusting the bolt Make the horizontal line of sight of the level coincide with the center of the prism; remove the centering rod body and set an indium tile ruler on the round head level mark, and read the prism height through the indium tile ruler. The invention reduces the height error of the prism centering rod during the precise triangular elevation measurement, and ensures the quality of the triangular elevation measurement result.

Description of drawings

In order to describe the specific embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings required for the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, elements or sections are not necessarily drawn to actual scale.

1 is a schematic diagram of a prism centering rod provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of a jacking device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of a clamping mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a gear connection provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of a prism limiting piece provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of a level sighting prism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a leveling instrument aiming at an indium tile ruler provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of cross-river delta elevation measurement provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Among them: 1-prism, 2-centering rod body, 3-bracket, 4-jacking device, 5-connecting frame, 6-bolt, 601-scale line, 7-support frame, 8-round head level mark, 9 - vertical rod, 10- first locking screw, 11- second locking screw, 12- connecting rod, 13- clamping mechanism, 14- clamping jaw, 141- sliding leg, 15- rotating shaft, 16- roller , 17-shell, 171-rail groove, 18-rack, 19-spring, 20-gear, 21-inner sleeve, 22-mandrel, 23-nut, 24-ball head, 25-stud, 26- Prism limit piece, 27-level, 28-indium tile ruler, 29-turn handle.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

1 is a schematic diagram of a prism centering rod provided by an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a jacking device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a clamping mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. A schematic diagram of gear connection provided by an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a prism limit piece provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in FIGS. 1-5 , the prism centering rod includes: a prism 1, a centering rod body 2 and a jacking device 4, the jacking device 4 includes: a connecting frame 5, a bolt 6, a supporting frame 7 and a round head level mark 8, the connecting frame 5 is arranged on one side of the supporting frame 7, and the connecting frame The bottom of the frame 5 is suspended in the air to facilitate the adjustment of the bolt 6. The bolt 6 is arranged on the connecting frame 5. The round head level mark 8 is arranged at the end of the bolt 6 away from the support frame 7. The centering rod body 2 is arranged on the round head level mark 8 , and the prism 1 is arranged on the centering rod body 2 . The centering rod body 2 is also provided with a bracket 3 for supporting the centering rod body 2 and keeping the centering rod body 2 in a vertical direction.

Referring to FIGS. 1-5 , a notch is provided at one end of the centering rod body 2 close to the prism 1 , and a prism limiting piece 26 is arranged in the notch. For prism centering rod measurement, select the marked standard scale line (such as 1.3m, 1.5m, 1.7m, etc.) to open a 2mm notch, and use the same thickness of prism limiter 26 to clamp the notch position every time to ensure the use of The height after placing the prism 1 in the process is the same as the height that was initially measured accurately by this method.

Referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 , scale lines 601 are provided on the bolts 6 to facilitate the lifting and lowering of the bolts 6 . Of course, a vertical ruler can also be arranged parallel to the bolt 6, and the vertical ruler is connected with the bolt 6, so that the vertical ruler follows the rise and fall of the bolt 6 and rises and falls, and the height of the lifting and lowering of the bolt 6 is read according to the change of the vertical ruler scale.

1-5, the jacking device further includes: a vertical rod 9, a first locking screw 10, a second locking screw 11, a connecting rod 12 and a clamping mechanism 13, the vertical rod 9 is arranged on the side of the bolt 6 on the connecting frame 5, the connecting rod 12 is arranged on the vertical rod 9, and the second locking screw 11 is arranged on the vertical rod 9 to The connecting rod 12 is locked, and the clamping mechanism 13 is arranged on the end of the connecting rod 12 away from the second locking screw 11 , and the centering rod body 2 is arranged on the clamping mechanism 13 . The first locking screw 10 is arranged on the vertical rod 9, and the centering rod body 2 is provided with a threaded hole suitable for the first locking screw 10, and the centering rod body needs to be lifted and lowered. At 2:00, loosen the first locking screw 10, and after the measurement is completed, it is locked and fixed by the first locking screw 10.

1-5, the clamping mechanism 13 includes: a clamping jaw 14, a housing 17, a rack 18, a spring 19, a gear 20, an inner sleeve 21, a mandrel 22, a nut 23, a ball head 24, Stud 25 and turn handle 29. One side of the housing 17 is provided with a guide rail groove 171 , and the two clamping jaws 14 are slidably arranged on the housing 17 . The clamping jaw 14 includes a sliding leg 141 and a clamping portion, and the sliding leg 141 is slidably disposed in the guide rail groove 171 . The spring 19 is arranged between the two sliding legs 141 in the housing 17 to make the two jaws 14 approach each other. A mandrel 22 is disposed on the side of the casing 17 away from the clamping jaw 14 , and one end of the mandrel 22 close to the clamping jaw 14 is fixedly connected to the casing 17 , and the other end extends to the outside of the casing 17 . The inner sleeve 21 is sleeved on the end of the mandrel 22 away from the clamping jaw 14 , and the gear 20 is sleeved on the inner sleeve 21 and is fixedly connected with the inner sleeve 21 . The rack 18 meshes with the gear 20 and one end of the rack 18 is connected to the sliding leg 141 . There are two racks 18 located on both sides of the gear 20 , and one rack 18 is connected to one sliding leg Leg 141. The rotating handle 29 is disposed on the side of the housing 17 away from the clamping jaw 14, and the rotating handle 29 is connected to the inner sleeve 21. Rotating the rotating handle 29 can drive the gear 20 to rotate, so that the two The clamping jaws 14 are close to each other or away from each other. The mandrel 22 is connected to the stud 25 through the rotating handle 29 , and the end of the stud 25 away from the clamping jaw 14 is provided with a spherical groove, and the spherical groove on the stud 25 is less than 1 /2 balls, the ball head 24 is partially arranged in the spherical groove of the stud 25 , the connecting rod 12 is connected with the ball head 24 , and the nut 23 is passed through the connecting rod 12 To compress the ball head 24 and the rotating handle 29 . There are also spherical grooves on the nut 23 corresponding to the ball head 24 . Before the nut 23 and the stud 25 are tightened, the ball head 24 can rotate, and the connecting rod 12 can deflect relative to the housing 17 .

1-5, the clamping mechanism further includes a roller 16 and a rotating shaft 15, the clamping portion is provided with a roller groove, the roller 16 is passed through the rotating shaft 15, and the rotating shaft 15 is provided in the roller groove. When the centering rod body 2 is clamped in the clamping mechanism 13 , the bolt 6 can lift the centering rod body 2 to move up and down. When the centering rod body 2 is removed, place the indium tile ruler 28 on the centering rod body 2 Because there is a clamping mechanism 13 to clamp the position, the indium tile ruler 28 can be quickly adjusted to the vertical direction.

The present invention also provides a method for measuring the height of a prism centering rod. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a level sighting prism provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a level sighting indium tile ruler provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. As shown in Fig. 6-Fig. 7, the measurement method for the height of the prism centering rod includes:

provide the prism centering rods described above;

The level 27 and the prism centering rod are respectively placed at two places about 5 to 10 meters apart on a flat and stable field, and the level 27 is adjusted so that the height difference between the horizontal line of sight of the level and the center of the prism 1 is smaller than that of the bolts The length of 6, for example, the length of the bolt 6 can be set to 10 cm, and the height difference between the horizontal line of sight of the level and the center of the prism is less than 5 cm;

Adjust the bolt 6 to make the horizontal line of sight of the level 27 coincide with the center of the prism 1. When adjusting the overlap, observe the level bubble on the centering rod, and adjust the centering rod body 2 to the vertical direction;

Keep the lifting device 4 of the prism centering rod still, remove the centering rod body 2 and set an indium tile ruler 28 on the round head level mark 8, read the prism height through the indium tile ruler 28, and the reading is accurate To 0.01 mm, the above steps can be measured multiple times and averaged to obtain an accurate centering rod height.

The present invention also provides a triangular elevation measurement method. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of cross-river triangular elevation measurement provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 8 , according to the requirements of the specification, stations are set up at points B and D to observe respectively. After calculating the slant distance and vertical angle of the prisms at A and C, the height difference between A and C is calculated to form a single measurement round observation value. Similar to this, measure the height difference between other two sides of the river, and finally combine the height difference of the same bank to calculate the elevation of the cross-river benchmarking point.

The relationship between A and C is as follows:

h _AC =(S _BC sinα _BC +i _B -v _C )-(S _BA sinα _BA +i _B -v _A );

h _CA = (S _DA sinα _DA +i _D -v _A )-(S _DC sinα _DC +i _D -v _C );

In the formula: h _AC , h _CA are the elevation difference between two points AC or CA, S _BC , S _BA , S _DA , S _DC are the slope distances between the two measured points, α _BC , α _BA , α _DA , α _DC is the vertical angle of the two points to be measured, i _B , i _D are the heights of the total station instrument, v _A , v _C are the heights of the prism centering rod, and the prism centering rod height adopts the above-mentioned prism centering rod height measurement method measured.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the foregoing embodiments can still be used for The recorded technical solutions are modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof are equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be included in the The invention is within the scope of the claims and description.

Claims (8)

1. a prism centering rod, is characterized in that, comprises: prism, centering rod body and jacking device, described jacking device comprises: connecting frame, bolt, support frame and round head level mark, described connecting frame It is arranged on one side of the support frame, the bolt is arranged on the connecting frame, the round head level mark is arranged on the end of the bolt away from the support frame, and the centering rod body is arranged on the round head On the level mark, the prism is arranged on the centering rod body. 2 . The prism centering rod according to claim 1 , wherein a notch is provided at one end of the centering rod body close to the prism, and a prism limiting piece is arranged in the notch. 3 . 3 . The prism centering rod according to claim 1 , wherein a scale line is provided on the bolt. 4 . 4. The prism centering rod according to claim 1, wherein the jacking device further comprises: a vertical rod, a first locking screw, a second locking screw, a connecting rod and a clamping mechanism, wherein the The vertical rod is arranged on the side of the bolt on the connecting frame, the connecting rod is penetrated on the vertical rod, and the second locking screw is arranged on the vertical rod to lock the the connecting rod, the clamping mechanism is arranged at the end of the connecting rod away from the second locking screw, the first locking screw is arranged on the vertical rod, and the centering rod body is provided with a A threaded hole adapted to the first locking screw. 5. The prism centering rod according to claim 4, wherein the clamping mechanism comprises: a clamping jaw, a housing, a rack, a spring, a gear, an inner sleeve, a mandrel, a nut, a ball head, a screw A column and a rotating handle, one side of the casing is provided with a guide rail groove, the two clamping jaws are slidably arranged on the casing, the clamping jaws include a sliding leg and a clamping part, the sliding support The legs are slidably arranged in the guide rail grooves, the spring is arranged between the two sliding legs in the housing, a mandrel is arranged on the side of the housing away from the clamping jaws, and the core One end of the shaft close to the clamping claw is fixedly connected to the housing, the inner sleeve is sleeved on the end of the mandrel away from the clamping claw, the gear is sleeved on the inner sleeve, and the rack and the The gear is engaged and one end of the rack is connected with the sliding leg, the rotating handle is arranged on the side of the casing away from the clamping jaw, the rotating handle is connected with the inner sleeve, and the mandrel is Connected to the stud through the rotating handle, the stud is provided with a spherical groove at one end away from the clamping claw, the ball head is arranged in the spherical groove, and the connecting rod is connected to the ball. The head is connected, and the nut is penetrated on the connecting rod to compress the ball head and the rotating handle. 6 . The prism centering rod according to claim 5 , wherein the clamping mechanism further comprises a roller and a rotating shaft, the clamping portion is provided with a roller groove, and the roller is passed through the rotating shaft, 7 . The rotating shaft is arranged in the roller groove. 7. A prism centering rod height measurement method, characterized in that, comprising: Provide the prism centering rod according to any one of claims 1-6; The level and the prism centering rod are arranged at intervals, and the level is adjusted so that the height difference between the horizontal line of sight of the level and the center of the prism is smaller than the length of the bolt; Adjust the bolt to make the horizontal line of sight of the level coincide with the center of the prism; The centering rod body is removed and an indium tile ruler is set on the round head level mark, and the prism height is read through the indium tile ruler. 8 . A method for measuring triangular elevation, comprising: measuring the height of the prism centering rod by using the prism centering rod height measurement method according to claim 7 .

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