CN112021331A - Method for preventing and treating diseases and pests of cut flower Chinese rose - Google Patents

Method for preventing and treating diseases and pests of cut flower Chinese rose Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112021331A
CN112021331A CN202011049015.9A CN202011049015A CN112021331A CN 112021331 A CN112021331 A CN 112021331A CN 202011049015 A CN202011049015 A CN 202011049015A CN 112021331 A CN112021331 A CN 112021331A
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China
Prior art keywords
percent
pests
greenhouse
control method
fumigation
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Application number
CN202011049015.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
曹荣根
倪功
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Yunnan Jinyuan Flower Industry Ltd By Share Ltd
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Yunnan Jinyuan Flower Industry Ltd By Share Ltd
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Priority to CN202011049015.9A priority Critical patent/CN112021331A/en
Publication of CN112021331A publication Critical patent/CN112021331A/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/02—Sulfur; Selenium; Tellurium; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
    • A01N57/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
    • A01N57/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-nitrogen bonds
    • A01N57/28—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-nitrogen bonds containing acyclic or cycloaliphatic radicals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A01N59/20—Copper
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, in particular to a method for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests of cut roses. Solves the problems of poor prevention and control effect and single prevention and control means of the diseases and insect pests of the prior cut rose.

Description

Method for preventing and treating diseases and pests of cut flower Chinese rose
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, in particular to a method for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests of cut roses.
Background
In the flower planting process, diseases and insect pests often appear to influence the growth of flowers, if the diseases and insect pests are not timely controlled, the growth condition of the flowers is influenced, and the reduced yield or the non-yield of the flowers occurs, so that in the flower planting process, along with the control of the diseases and the pests, a plurality of diseases and insect pests often appear in the planting process of cut roses, but the current treatment means of the diseases and the insect pests are still imperfect, and the control means of a plurality of diseases and insect pests has little effect, so that the technical problem needs to be solved by the method for controlling the diseases and the pests of the cut roses.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preventing and treating diseases and pests of cut roses, and solves the problems that the prevention and treatment effects of the current means for preventing and treating diseases and pests of the cut roses are poor and the prevention and treatment means are single.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for preventing and treating diseases and pests of cut roses comprises the steps of preventing and treating diseases and pests, wherein the disease prevention comprises the prevention and treatment of powdery mildew, downy mildew, gray mold and rhizomatosis of the roses, and the pest prevention comprises the prevention and treatment of aphid pests, mite pests, thrips pests, lepidoptera pests and chafer pests of the roses.
The further technical scheme is that the control method of powdery mildew comprises the following steps: selecting a disease-resistant variety before planting, enhancing ventilation in the greenhouse in the planting process, reducing humidity in the greenhouse, balancing fertilization in the planting management process, reducing application of nitrogen fertilizer, increasing application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, cutting diseased branches and diseased leaves in early spring, fumigating for powdery mildew after pruning, and spraying a powdery mildew control drug in the planting process;
the powdery mildew fumigation comprises 99% sulfur fumigation, a sulfur evaporator is used for fumigating 3-5 times per week, the fumigation time is night, and the fumigation time is 5-8 hours each time;
the powdery mildew control drug comprises one or more of 42.8% of Lunason suspending agent, 35% of Lunason suspending agent, 10% of polyoxin wettable powder, 25% of diethyl ether phenol sulfate microemulsion, 25% of tricistrone emulsifiable concentrate, 40% of myclobutanil water dispersible granule, 25% of pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate, 80% of tebuconazole water dispersible granule, lime sulphur and 30% of copper oxychloride suspending agent.
The further technical scheme is that the control method of downy mildew comprises the following steps: enhancing the ventilation in the greenhouse in the planting process, reducing the humidity in the greenhouse, reducing the leaf surface moisturizing time, simultaneously supplying water and fertilizer by adopting drip irrigation equipment, heating hot air at night in spring and winter, opening a skylight of the greenhouse in the hot air heating process for ventilation and dehumidification, and simultaneously spraying a downy mildew control drug in the whole planting process;
the downy mildew control drug comprises one or more of 58% metalaxyl manganese zinc wettable powder, 69% enoyl manganese zinc water dispersible granules, 722 g/L propamocarb aqueous solution, 68.75% silver method aqua, 66.8% metolac wettable powder, 70% propineb wettable powder, 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid water soluble powder, 99% monopotassium phosphate, 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules, Bordeaux mixture, 30% copper oxychloride suspending agent, 25% cupric-ammine aqueous solution and 12% green emulsified copper missible oil.
The further technical scheme is that the control method of the gray mold comprises the following steps: enhancing ventilation in the greenhouse, reducing humidity in the greenhouse, reducing leaf surface moisturizing time, heating with hot air at night in spring and winter, opening a skylight of the greenhouse for ventilation and dehumidification in the hot air heating process, and spraying a botrytis cinerea prevention and control drug in the whole planting process;
the gray mold control drug comprises one or more of 50% wettable powder of prochloraz, 40% suspending agent of pyrimethanil, 50% water-soluble powder of chlorobromoisocyanuric acid and 50% wettable powder of procymidone.
The further technical scheme is that the method for preventing and treating the root tumor disease comprises the following steps:
s501, inspecting the root system when the seedlings are purchased, and immediately destroying diseased plants;
s502, before cultivation, the root system is soaked in 2500 times of solution of 72% streptomyces agriculturally for 30 minutes;
s503, sterilizing the grafting tool by using a methyl ice iodine solution in the grafting process;
s504, smearing the disease tumors by using ice-methyl iodine solution in field management, and root irrigation treatment of the corresponding plants by using 2500 times of 72% streptomyces agriculturally.
According to a further technical scheme, the method for controlling the aphid pests comprises the following steps: killing yellow board, releasing natural enemy for prevention and control, killing insects with fungus, cutting off branches and leaves with aphid, fumigating with 80% dichlorvos, and spraying one or more of aphid prevention and control medicines;
the 80% dichlorvos fumigation comprises fumigating at night for 1 hour by using a sulfur evaporator, then closing the greenhouse to be natural, and continuously fumigating for 2-3 days;
the aphid control drug comprises one or more of 10 percent imidacloprid, 5 percent acetamiprid missible oil, 25 percent thiamethoxam water dispersible granules, 30 percent acephate missible oil, 50 percent dimethoate missible oil and 4.5 percent beta-cypermethrin missible oil.
The further technical scheme is that the control method of the mite pests comprises the following steps: controlling the humidity in the greenhouse, periodically checking the plants, timely removing branches and leaves with mites in the pruning process, carrying out centralized treatment, and simultaneously using mite pest control medicines in a matching manner;
the mite pest control medicine comprises one or more of 2.0% of abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 15% of pyridaben emulsifiable concentrate, 73% of propargite emulsifiable concentrate, 25% of diafenthiuron microemulsion, 20% of fenpropathrin emulsifiable concentrate, 5% of Carsaiceae emulsifiable concentrate, 34% of spirodiclofen suspending agent, 25% of clofentezine suspending agent, 5% of fenpyroximate suspending agent and 43% of bifenazate suspending agent.
A further technical scheme is that the method for preventing and controlling the thrips pests comprises the following steps: killing and cutting off branches and leaves with thrips by using a blue plate, fumigating the thrips and spraying one or more of thrips prevention and treatment medicines;
the thrips fumigation comprises that 300 ml of 80% dichlorvos is used for fumigation for 1 hour in the morning or at night per mu, and the greenhouse is closed for 8 to 10 hours after fumigation;
the thrips prevention and treatment medicine comprises one or more of 10% imidacloprid, 2.0% abamectin emulsifiable solution, 25% thiamethoxam water dispersible granules, 5% acetamiprid emulsifiable solution, 90% monosultap raw powder and 4.5% beta cypermethrin emulsifiable solution.
According to a further technical scheme, the method for controlling lepidoptera pests comprises the following steps: trapping and killing adults in the greenhouse by using a black light lamp or an ultraviolet lamp, cutting off egg masses and larvae on leaves, killing insects by using BT emulsion, using a trapping core to kill the adults, fumigating lepidoptera and spraying one or more of lepidoptera control medicines;
the lepidoptera pest fumigation comprises the steps of fumigating for 1 hour by using 300-400 ml of 80% dichlorvos per mu at night, and closing the greenhouse for 8-10 hours after fumigation;
the lepidoptera pest control drug comprises one or more of 2.0 percent of abamectin emulsifiable solution, 25 percent of thiamethoxam water dispersible granules, 5 percent of acetamiprid emulsifiable solution, 90 percent of monosultap powder, 10 percent of a complete suspension agent, 25 percent of diafenthiuron microemulsion, 4.5 percent of high-efficiency cypermethrin emulsifiable solution, 30 percent of acephate emulsifiable solution, 50 percent of dimethoate emulsifiable solution and 25 percent of chlorbenzuron suspension agent.
The further technical scheme is that the method for preventing and treating the chafer insect pests comprises the following steps: trapping and killing adults in the greenhouse by using black light lamps or purple light lamps, checking plants at night in the period of the full emergence of the chafer pests, shaking off and capturing the chafer, arranging an insect-proof net in the greenhouse, intertillage and winter turning to kill larvae, irrigating root systems or drip irrigation of one or more of the drugs for preventing and controlling the chafer pests;
the scarab pest control medicament comprises one or two of 1000-fold liquid of 50 percent phoxim missible oil and 1500-fold liquid of 50 percent fenitrothion.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the disease control is used for controlling powdery mildew, downy mildew, gray mold and root nodule of the Chinese rose, and the pest control is used for controlling aphid pests, mite pests, thrips pests, lepidoptera pests and chafer pests of the Chinese rose so as to control most of diseases and pests in the growth process of the Chinese rose.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example (b):
the method for controlling diseases and pests of the cut roses in the embodiment specifically comprises controlling diseases and pests, wherein the disease control comprises controlling powdery mildew, downy mildew, gray mold and rhizomatosis of the roses, and the pest control comprises controlling aphid pests, mite pests, thrips pests, lepidoptera pests and chafer pests of the roses.
The disease control is used for controlling powdery mildew, downy mildew, gray mold and root nodule of the Chinese rose, and the pest control is used for controlling aphid pests, mite pests, thrips pests, lepidoptera pests and chafer pests of the Chinese rose so as to control most of diseases and pests in the growth process of the Chinese rose.
The powdery mildew germs live through the winter on buds, leaves and branches by hypha, are infected by ascospores or conidia for the first time in spring, the germination suitable temperature of the conidia is 17-25 ℃, the temperature is inhibited at more than 30 ℃, the powdery mildew can occur at the room temperature of more than 2-5 ℃, the humidity range of the powdery mildew is wide, the relative humidity of 23-99 percent can cause the powdery mildew, the powdery mildew is most likely to occur in a humid environment, and the powdery mildew can occur in a greenhouse year.
Therefore, the method for preventing and controlling powdery mildew comprises the following steps: selecting a disease-resistant variety before planting, enhancing ventilation in the greenhouse in the planting process, reducing humidity in the greenhouse, balancing fertilization in the planting management process, reducing application of nitrogen fertilizer, increasing application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, cutting diseased branches and diseased leaves in early spring, fumigating for powdery mildew after pruning, and spraying a powdery mildew control drug in the planting process; the powdery mildew fumigation comprises 99% sulfur fumigation, wherein a sulfur evaporator is used for fumigation for 3-5 times per week, the fumigation time is night, and the fumigation time is 5-8 hours each time; the powdery mildew control drug comprises one or more of 42.8 percent of Lunason suspending agent, 35 percent of Lunason suspending agent, 10 percent of polyoxin wettable powder, 25 percent of diethyl ether phenol sulfate microemulsion, 25 percent of filing ketone missible oil, 40 percent of myclobutanil water dispersible granule, 25 percent of pyraclostrobin missible oil, 80 percent of tebuconazole water dispersible granule, lime sulphur and 30 percent of copper oxychloride suspending agent.
The downy mildew pathogen is infected by conidium when oospores live through winter and live through summer, the spore germination temperature is 1-25 ℃, the optimum temperature is 18 ℃, water drops need to exist during invasion, the invasion process is performed in 3 hours, the temperature after invasion is 10-25 ℃, and new spores begin to form after 18 hours when the air humidity is 100%.
The control method for downy mildew therefore comprises: enhancing the ventilation in the greenhouse in the planting process, reducing the humidity in the greenhouse, reducing the leaf surface moisturizing time, simultaneously supplying water and fertilizer by adopting drip irrigation equipment, heating hot air at night in spring and winter, opening a skylight of the greenhouse in the hot air heating process for ventilation and dehumidification, and simultaneously spraying a downy mildew control drug in the whole planting process; the downy mildew control drug comprises one or more of 58% metalaxyl manganese zinc wettable powder, 69% enoyl manganese zinc water dispersible granules, 722 g/L propamocarb aqueous solution, 68.75% silver method aqua, 66.8% metolac wettable powder, 70% propineb wettable powder, 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid water soluble powder, 99% monopotassium phosphate, 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules, Bordea solution, 30% copper oxychloride suspending agent, 25% cuaminosulfate aqueous solution and 12% green emulsion copper emulsifiable solution.
The gray mold can produce conidium infection, the propagation temperature is 2-21 ℃, and the air humidity is high and the water exists in leaves, which are necessary conditions for the attack of diseases.
Therefore, the control method of gray mold comprises the following steps: enhancing ventilation in the greenhouse, reducing humidity in the greenhouse, reducing leaf surface moisturizing time, heating with hot air at night in spring and winter, opening a skylight of the greenhouse for ventilation and dehumidification in the hot air heating process, and spraying a botrytis cinerea prevention and control drug in the whole planting process; the gray mold control medicament comprises one or more of 50% wettable powder of prochloraz, 40% suspending agent of pyrimethanil, 50% water-soluble powder of chlorobromoisocyanuric acid and 50% wettable powder of procymidone.
Pathogenic bacteria of the root tumor disease invade through wounds (insect bites, mechanical injuries and grafting openings), can be spread along with water, and has a wide host range.
Therefore, the method for preventing and treating the root tumor disease comprises the following steps:
s501, inspecting the root system when the seedlings are purchased, and immediately destroying diseased plants;
s502, before cultivation, the root system is soaked in 2500 times of solution of 72% streptomyces agriculturally for 30 minutes;
s503, sterilizing the grafting tool by using a methyl ice iodine solution in the grafting process;
s504, smearing the disease tumors by using ice-methyl iodine solution in field management, and root irrigation treatment of the corresponding plants by using 2500 times of 72% streptomyces agriculturally.
The method for preventing and controlling the aphid pests comprises the following steps: killing yellow board, releasing natural enemy for prevention and control, killing insects with fungus, cutting off branches and leaves with aphid, fumigating with 80% dichlorvos, and spraying one or more of aphid prevention and control medicines; fumigating 80% dichlorvos comprises fumigating at night for 1 hr with sulfur evaporator, closing the greenhouse to be natural, and continuously fumigating for 2-3 days; the aphid control medicament comprises one or more of 10 percent imidacloprid, 5 percent acetamiprid missible oil, 25 percent thiamethoxam water dispersible granules, 30 percent acephate missible oil, 50 percent dimethoate missible oil and 4.5 percent beta-cypermethrin missible oil.
The yellow board trapping and killing can be carried out by monitoring the population density by using 3-5 yellow boards at the beginning, the number of the yellow boards is gradually increased when the population density is increased, and at most 40 yellow boards can be hung per mu.
The method for controlling mite pests comprises the following steps: controlling the humidity in the greenhouse, periodically checking the plants, timely removing branches and leaves with mites in the pruning process, carrying out centralized treatment, and simultaneously using mite pest control medicines in a matching manner; the mite pest control medicament comprises one or more of 2.0% of abamectin missible oil, 15% of pyridaben missible oil, 73% of propargite missible oil, 25% of diafenthiuron microemulsion, 20% of fenpropathrin missible oil, 5% of Carmaceae missible oil, 34% of spirodiclofen suspending agent, 25% of clofentezine suspending agent, 5% of fenpyroximate suspending agent and 43% of bifenazate suspending agent.
The control method of the thrips insect pests comprises the following steps: killing and cutting off branches and leaves with thrips by using a blue plate, fumigating the thrips and spraying one or more of thrips prevention and treatment medicines; the thrips fumigation comprises that 300 ml of 80% dichlorvos and 400 ml of dichlorvos are used for fumigation for 1 hour in the morning or at night per mu, and the greenhouse is closed for 8 to 10 hours after the fumigation; the thrips preventing and treating medicine includes imidacloprid 10%, abamectin emulsion 2.0%, thiamethoxam water dispersible granule 25%, acetamiprid emulsion 5%, monosultap powder 90% and cypermethrin emulsion 4.5%.
The blue board trapping and killing can be carried out by monitoring the insect population density by using 3-5 blue boards at the beginning, the number of the blue boards is gradually increased when the insect population density is increased, at most 80 blue boards can be hung per mu, and the hanging height is equal to the plant height.
The control method of lepidoptera insect pests comprises the following steps: trapping and killing adults in the greenhouse by using a black light lamp or an ultraviolet lamp, cutting off egg masses and larvae on leaves, killing insects by using BT emulsion, using a trapping core to kill the adults, fumigating lepidoptera and spraying one or more of lepidoptera control medicines; the lepidoptera fumigation comprises the steps of fumigating for 1 hour by using 300-400 ml of 80% dichlorvos per mu at night, and closing the greenhouse for 8-10 hours after fumigation; the lepidoptera insect control drug comprises one or more of 2.0 percent of abamectin emulsifiable solution, 25 percent of thiamethoxam water dispersible granules, 5 percent of acetamiprid emulsifiable solution, 90 percent of monosultap powder, 10 percent of a complete removal suspending agent, 25 percent of diafenthiuron microemulsion, 4.5 percent of high-efficiency cypermethrin emulsifiable solution, 30 percent of acephate emulsifiable solution, 50 percent of dimethoate emulsifiable solution and 25 percent of chlorbenzuron suspending agent.
The BT emulsion is used for killing insects at 25-30 ℃, and is preferably sprayed after 4 o' clock in the cloudy day or afternoon.
The method for preventing and treating the chafer insect pests comprises the following steps: trapping and killing adults in the greenhouse by using black light lamps or purple light lamps, checking plants at night in the period of the full emergence of the chafer pests, shaking off and capturing the chafer, arranging an insect-proof net in the greenhouse, intertillage and winter turning to kill larvae, irrigating root systems or drip irrigation of one or more of the drugs for preventing and controlling the chafer pests; the scarab pest control medicament comprises one or two of 1000-fold liquid of 50 percent phoxim missible oil and 1500-fold liquid of 50 percent fenitrothion.
The steps can be matched with each other to simultaneously prevent and control various diseases or insect pests, for example, powdery mildew, downy mildew and gray mold can be simultaneously prevented and controlled in the ventilation and dehumidification process, the root nodule disease and the powdery mildew can be prevented and controlled in the seedling selection process, two or more than two of powdery mildew, aphid pests, thrips pests and lepidoptera pests can be simultaneously prevented and controlled in the fumigation process according to implementation conditions, the trap and kill of the black light lamp or the purple light lamp can simultaneously prevent and control the chafer pests and the lepidoptera pests, and various medicines can also simultaneously prevent and control various diseases or insect pests, and the mutual matching can also improve the prevention and control efficiency of the plant diseases and insect pests, the use of fewer medicines is realized, the labor and the time are saved, and the planting cost is reduced.
Although the invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the spirit and scope of the principles of this disclosure. More specifically, various variations and modifications are possible in the component parts and/or arrangements of the subject combination arrangement within the scope of the disclosure and claims of this application. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts and/or arrangements, other uses will also be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. A pest control method for cut flower Chinese roses is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of preventing and treating diseases and insect pests, wherein the disease prevention and treatment comprises the prevention and treatment of powdery mildew, downy mildew, gray mold and root nodule diseases of Chinese roses, and the insect pest prevention and treatment comprises the prevention and treatment of aphid pests, mite pests, thrips pests, lepidoptera pests and chafer pests of the Chinese roses.
2. A pest control method of cut flower rose according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control method of powdery mildew comprises the following steps: selecting a disease-resistant variety before planting, enhancing ventilation in the greenhouse in the planting process, reducing humidity in the greenhouse, balancing fertilization in the planting management process, reducing application of nitrogen fertilizer, increasing application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, cutting diseased branches and diseased leaves in early spring, fumigating for powdery mildew after pruning, and spraying a powdery mildew control drug in the planting process;
the powdery mildew fumigation comprises 99% sulfur fumigation, a sulfur evaporator is used for fumigating 3-5 times per week, the fumigation time is night, and the fumigation time is 5-8 hours each time;
the powdery mildew control drug comprises one or more of 42.8% of Lunason suspending agent, 35% of Lunason suspending agent, 10% of polyoxin wettable powder, 25% of diethyl ether phenol sulfate microemulsion, 25% of tricistrone emulsifiable concentrate, 40% of myclobutanil water dispersible granule, 25% of pyraclostrobin emulsifiable concentrate, 80% of tebuconazole water dispersible granule, lime sulphur and 30% of copper oxychloride suspending agent.
3. A pest control method of cut flower rose according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control method of downy mildew comprises the following steps: enhancing the ventilation in the greenhouse in the planting process, reducing the humidity in the greenhouse, reducing the leaf surface moisturizing time, simultaneously supplying water and fertilizer by adopting drip irrigation equipment, heating hot air at night in spring and winter, opening a skylight of the greenhouse in the hot air heating process for ventilation and dehumidification, and simultaneously spraying a downy mildew control drug in the whole planting process;
the downy mildew control drug comprises one or more of 58% metalaxyl manganese zinc wettable powder, 69% enoyl manganese zinc water dispersible granules, 722 g/L propamocarb aqueous solution, 68.75% silver method aqua, 66.8% metolac wettable powder, 70% propineb wettable powder, 50% chlorobromoisocyanuric acid water soluble powder, 99% monopotassium phosphate, 75% chlorothalonil water dispersible granules, Bordeaux mixture, 30% copper oxychloride suspending agent, 25% cupric-ammine aqueous solution and 12% green emulsified copper missible oil.
4. A pest control method of cut flower rose according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control method of gray mold comprises the following steps: enhancing ventilation in the greenhouse, reducing humidity in the greenhouse, reducing leaf surface moisturizing time, heating with hot air at night in spring and winter, opening a skylight of the greenhouse for ventilation and dehumidification in the hot air heating process, and spraying a botrytis cinerea prevention and control drug in the whole planting process;
the gray mold control drug comprises one or more of 50% wettable powder of prochloraz, 40% suspending agent of pyrimethanil, 50% water-soluble powder of chlorobromoisocyanuric acid and 50% wettable powder of procymidone.
5. A pest control method of cut flower rose according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for preventing and treating the root tumor disease comprises the following steps:
s501, inspecting the root system when the seedlings are purchased, and immediately destroying diseased plants;
s502, before cultivation, the root system is soaked in 2500 times of solution of 72% streptomyces agriculturally for 30 minutes;
s503, sterilizing the grafting tool by using a methyl ice iodine solution in the grafting process;
s504, smearing the disease tumors by using ice-methyl iodine solution in field management, and root irrigation treatment of the corresponding plants by using 2500 times of 72% streptomyces agriculturally.
6. A pest control method of cut flower rose according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for controlling the aphid pests comprises the following steps: killing yellow board, releasing natural enemy for prevention and control, killing insects with fungus, cutting off branches and leaves with aphid, fumigating with 80% dichlorvos, and spraying one or more of aphid prevention and control medicines;
the 80% dichlorvos fumigation comprises fumigating at night for 1 hour by using a sulfur evaporator, then closing the greenhouse to be natural, and continuously fumigating for 2-3 days;
the aphid control drug comprises one or more of 10 percent imidacloprid, 5 percent acetamiprid missible oil, 25 percent thiamethoxam water dispersible granules, 30 percent acephate missible oil, 50 percent dimethoate missible oil and 4.5 percent beta-cypermethrin missible oil.
7. A pest control method of cut flower rose according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control method of the mite pests comprises the following steps: controlling the humidity in the greenhouse, periodically checking the plants, timely removing branches and leaves with mites in the pruning process, carrying out centralized treatment, and simultaneously using mite pest control medicines in a matching manner;
the mite pest control medicine comprises one or more of 2.0% of abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 15% of pyridaben emulsifiable concentrate, 73% of propargite emulsifiable concentrate, 25% of diafenthiuron microemulsion, 20% of fenpropathrin emulsifiable concentrate, 5% of Carsaiceae emulsifiable concentrate, 34% of spirodiclofen suspending agent, 25% of clofentezine suspending agent, 5% of fenpyroximate suspending agent and 43% of bifenazate suspending agent.
8. A pest control method of cut flower rose according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for controlling the thrips pests comprises the following steps: killing and cutting off branches and leaves with thrips by using a blue plate, fumigating the thrips and spraying one or more of thrips prevention and treatment medicines;
the thrips fumigation comprises that 300 ml of 80% dichlorvos is used for fumigation for 1 hour in the morning or at night per mu, and the greenhouse is closed for 8 to 10 hours after fumigation;
the thrips prevention and treatment medicine comprises one or more of 10% imidacloprid, 2.0% abamectin emulsifiable solution, 25% thiamethoxam water dispersible granules, 5% acetamiprid emulsifiable solution, 90% monosultap raw powder and 4.5% beta cypermethrin emulsifiable solution.
9. A pest control method of cut flower rose according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control method of lepidoptera insect pests comprises the following steps: trapping and killing adults in the greenhouse by using a black light lamp or an ultraviolet lamp, cutting off egg masses and larvae on leaves, killing insects by using BT emulsion, using a trapping core to kill the adults, fumigating lepidoptera and spraying one or more of lepidoptera control medicines;
the lepidoptera pest fumigation comprises the steps of fumigating for 1 hour by using 300-400 ml of 80% dichlorvos per mu at night, and closing the greenhouse for 8-10 hours after fumigation;
the lepidoptera pest control drug comprises one or more of 2.0 percent of abamectin emulsifiable solution, 25 percent of thiamethoxam water dispersible granules, 5 percent of acetamiprid emulsifiable solution, 90 percent of monosultap powder, 10 percent of a complete suspension agent, 25 percent of diafenthiuron microemulsion, 4.5 percent of high-efficiency cypermethrin emulsifiable solution, 30 percent of acephate emulsifiable solution, 50 percent of dimethoate emulsifiable solution and 25 percent of chlorbenzuron suspension agent.
10. A pest control method of cut flower rose according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for controlling the chafer insect pests comprises the following steps: trapping and killing adults in the greenhouse by using black light lamps or purple light lamps, checking plants at night in the period of the full emergence of the chafer pests, shaking off and capturing the chafer, arranging an insect-proof net in the greenhouse, intertillage and winter turning to kill larvae, irrigating root systems or drip irrigation of one or more of the drugs for preventing and controlling the chafer pests;
the scarab pest control medicament comprises one or two of 1000-fold liquid of 50 percent phoxim missible oil and 1500-fold liquid of 50 percent fenitrothion.
CN202011049015.9A 2020-09-29 2020-09-29 Method for preventing and treating diseases and pests of cut flower Chinese rose Withdrawn CN112021331A (en)

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