CN112021055A - Comprehensive planting method for preventing diseases and insect pests of Yao medicine - Google Patents
Comprehensive planting method for preventing diseases and insect pests of Yao medicine Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive planting method for preventing diseases and insect pests of Yao medicine, which comprises the following steps: s1, firstly, planting in shade forest land with much humus, easy drainage and water retention, deeply ploughing the land by using special farm tools, removing dead branches, stones and grass roots, washing the seeds of the Yao medicine clean, sowing along with picking, covering fine soil on the surfaces of the seeds after sowing, and finally covering a layer of straw to keep humidity, so as to avoid soil hardening and building a short shed to shade; and (4) when the seedlings come out of the soil, immediately uncovering the cover grass, selecting a rainy day for transplanting and planting when the seedlings grow 4-5 leaves, and S2, and then digging holes and planting according to the specification of planting plant spacing of 30cm multiplied by 45 cm. The invention replaces manual spraying for pesticide application, greatly improves the pesticide application efficiency, effectively reduces the omission problem in the pesticide application process, is suitable for large-area planting, popularization and application, and reduces the cost of pest control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Yao medicine planting, in particular to a comprehensive planting method for preventing diseases and insect pests of Yao medicines.
Background
Yao medicine, Chinese Yao medicine, Yao nationality Yao medicine, Yao medicine soaking bath, Yao medicine health preserving, Yao medicine variety is various, according to survey used variety reaches 1236, wherein the most common is 104 kinds of "five tigers", "nine cattle", "eighteen diamond" and "seventy-twelve wind", for the classification of medicine, there are its unique national characteristics, Yao medicine combines long-term clinical practice according to medicine performance, for a specific medicine, in addition to divide into warm, hot, cold, cool and peaceful nature according to its nature, divide into wind medicine and laxative according to medicine efficacy, wherein divide into "warm medicine" and cold medicine ".
At present at the in-process of carrying out the Yao medicine and planting, because receive the influence of plant diseases and insect pests for a long time, lead to the Yao medicine plant survival rate lower, present generally all is to bear the cartridge case through the manual work and remove and spray the application of medicine, such mode leads to the efficiency of applying medicine lower, and the inhomogeneous easy emergence of applying medicine is omitted, simultaneously to planting by a large scale, the manpower and materials that need consume are great, therefore the higher effect of prevention and cure cost of plant diseases and insect pests is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a comprehensive planting method for preventing diseases and insect pests of Yao medicine, which aims to solve the problems that the survival rate of Yao medicine plants is low due to the long-term influence of the diseases and insect pests in the traditional Yao medicine planting process proposed in the background art, the traditional method generally adopts a manual carrying medicine cylinder to carry out movable spraying medicine application, the medicine application efficiency is low, the medicine application is uneven and easy to miss, and meanwhile, for large-area planting, the consumed manpower and material resources are large, so the prevention and treatment cost of the diseases and insect pests is high, and the effect is poor.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a comprehensive planting method for preventing diseases and insect pests of Yao medicine comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, planting in shade forest land with much humus, easy drainage and water retention, deeply ploughing the land by using special farm tools, removing dead branches, stones and grass roots, washing the seeds of the Yao medicine clean, sowing along with picking, covering fine soil on the surfaces of the seeds after sowing, and finally covering a layer of straw to keep humidity, so as to avoid soil hardening and building a short shed to shade; and (3) when the seedlings come out of the soil, immediately uncovering the cover grass, and selecting a rainy day for transplanting and planting when the seedlings grow 4-5 leaves.
S2, digging holes and planting according to the planting row spacing of 30cm multiplied by 45cm, wherein the length, the width and the depth of each hole are respectively 15cm multiplied by 25cm multiplied by 10cm, before planting, firstly, digging surface soil into the planting holes, then adding a base fertilizer, uniformly mixing the base fertilizer and the surface soil, then adding a small amount of soil, expanding the fibrous roots of the seedlings to the periphery in the planting process, treading the roots with fine soil, covering soil slightly higher than the ground, watering after planting, then planting, inserting rods around the holes and covering straws or films.
S3, after the completion is transplanted in the planting of Yao medicine seed simultaneously, can install corresponding blank position in the middle of the plant at the device of applying medicine of preventing diseases and insects, the scope of covering is sprayed according to every device of applying medicine of preventing diseases and insects, equidistant position is placed in real time between the plant and is arranged, carry out real-time contact with device and planting ground through the backup pad, and squeeze into the below-surface through the manual work with the spud pile and fix a position fixedly, take place to empty in the preventing device use, can carry out the medicine that the prevention and cure plant diseases and insect pests need and leading into the inside storage of liquid reserve tank in real time, when needs spray regularly, accessible manual control opens the solenoid valve and exports inside liquid medicine through catheter and atomizer, even spray to carry out the pest control work on the Yao.
S4, after the Yao medicine plants survive, trimming branches and leaves of the Yao medicine plants in real time according to the actual plant growth conditions, reserving 4-5 first-stage branches in different directions as main branches for each Yao medicine plant, reserving 10-20 cm of the main branches as branches after the main branches are formed, and trimming the ragged branches, dry dead branches and insect branches and leaves inside the Yao medicine plants, wherein the Yao medicine plants need to be fertilized regularly in the prosperous growth period, weeds are removed in the early growth period of the Yao medicine plants, artificial weeds are removed when weeds are removed, herbicides are not used, drainage and irrigation are needed in time, the plants lack phenomenon is found, and the plants are supplemented in time.
Preferably, its device of giving medicine to prevent disease and insect includes the backup pad, the both sides surface of backup pad runs through movable mounting has the spud pile, the top fixed mounting of backup pad has the stand, the top fixed mounting of stand has the base, the top fixed mounting of base has the liquid reserve tank, the top movable mounting of liquid reserve tank has the end cover, there is the handle at the top of end cover through bolt fixed mounting, the bottom matrix equidistance of base is arranged and is installed atomizer, all fixed mounting has the solenoid valve on the atomizer, the bottom of liquid reserve tank runs through the base through the catheter and is connected with atomizer.
Preferably, the base fertilizer applied to the dug pits before field planting is 1-2 kg of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 1kg of straw charcoal and 0.5kg of calcium superphosphate, and 100-200 g of water-retaining agent is used.
Preferably, the Yao medicine plants can be fertilized regularly after being planted for 2 months, and the Yao medicine plants are fertilized 5-6 times regularly every year.
Preferably, the deep ploughing depth of the Yao medicine planting field is 10-15 cm, and the thickness of fine soil covered on the surface of the Yao medicine seeds is 1-2 cm.
Preferably, the bottom fixed mounting of base has control button, and control button's output passes through the wire and the input electric connection of solenoid valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the disease and insect prevention pesticide applying devices are arranged among the Yao medicine planting plants at equal intervals, when the disease prevention and control pesticide application is required to be carried out on the Yao medicine plants regularly, the liquid medicine required for disease and insect prevention can be stored in real time for later use through the liquid storage tank, then the electromagnetic valve is opened directly through manual operation of the control button, the liquid medicine in the liquid storage tank is conveyed into the atomizing spray head through the liquid guide pipe, and finally the liquid medicine is uniformly sprayed onto the Yao medicine plants through the atomizing spray head, so that the manual spraying is replaced for pesticide application, the pesticide applying efficiency is greatly improved, meanwhile, the omission problem in the pesticide applying process is effectively reduced, the device is suitable for large-area planting and popularization, and the cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a device for applying a pesticide for preventing diseases and insects.
In the figure: 1. a handle; 2. an end cap; 3. a liquid storage tank; 4. a base; 5. a control button; 6. an electromagnetic valve; 7. an atomizing spray head; 8. a column; 9. fixing the pile; 10. and a support plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to the figure, a comprehensive planting method for preventing diseases and insect pests of Yao medicine comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, planting in shade forest land with much humus, easy drainage and water retention, deeply ploughing the land by using special farm tools, removing dead branches, stones and grass roots, washing the seeds of the Yao medicine clean, sowing along with picking, covering fine soil on the surfaces of the seeds after sowing, and finally covering a layer of straw to keep humidity, so as to avoid soil hardening and building a short shed to shade; and (3) when the seedlings come out of the soil, immediately uncovering the cover grass, and selecting a rainy day for transplanting and planting when the seedlings grow 4-5 leaves.
S2, digging holes and planting according to the specification of planting plant spacing of 10cm multiplied by 20cm, wherein the length, the width and the depth of each hole are respectively 5cm multiplied by 15cm multiplied by 8cm, before planting, firstly, digging surface soil into the planting holes, then, adding a base fertilizer, uniformly mixing the base fertilizer and the surface soil, then, adding a small amount of soil, expanding the fibrous roots of the seedlings to the periphery in the planting process, treading the roots with fine soil, covering soil slightly higher than the ground, watering after planting, then, planting, inserting rods around the holes and covering straws or films after planting.
S3, after the completion is transplanted in the planting of medicine seeds of the Yao simultaneously, can install corresponding blank position in the middle of the plant at the device of applying medicine of preventing diseases and insects, the scope of covering is sprayed according to every device of applying medicine of preventing diseases and insects, equidistant position is placed in real time between the plant and is arranged, carry out real-time contact with device and planting ground through backup pad 10, and squeeze into the below-surface through the manual work with spud pile 9 and fix a position fixedly, prevent to take place to empty in the device use, can carry out the medicine of prevention and cure plant diseases and insect pests needs and leading-in to the inside storage of liquid reserve tank 3 in real time, when needs carry out periodic spraying, accessible manual control opens solenoid valve 6 and leads out inside liquid medicine through catheter and atomizer 7, even spray to carry out the pest control work on the.
S4, after the Yao medicine plants survive, trimming branches and leaves of the Yao medicine plants in real time according to the actual plant growth conditions, reserving 4-5 first-stage branches in different directions as main branches for each Yao medicine plant, reserving 5-10 cm of the main branches as branches after the main branches are formed, and trimming the ragged branches, dry dead branches and insect branches and leaves inside the Yao medicine plants, wherein the Yao medicine plants need to be fertilized regularly in the prosperous growth period, weeds are removed in the early growth period of the Yao medicine plants, artificial weeds are removed when weeds are removed, herbicides are not used, drainage and irrigation are needed in time, the plants lack phenomenon is found, and the plants are supplemented in time.
In this embodiment: its device of giving medicine to prevent disease and insect includes backup pad 10, the both sides surface of backup pad 10 runs through movable mounting has spud pile 9, the top fixed mounting of backup pad 10 has stand 8, the top fixed mounting of stand 8 has base 4, the top fixed mounting of base 4 has liquid reserve tank 3, the top movable mounting of liquid reserve tank 3 has end cover 2, there is handle 1 at the top of end cover 2 through bolt fixed mounting, the bottom matrix equidistance of base 4 is arranged and is installed atomizer 7, all fixed mounting has solenoid valve 6 on atomizer 7, the bottom of liquid reserve tank 3 runs through base 4 through the catheter and is connected with atomizer 7.
In this embodiment: the base fertilizer applied in the dug pits before field planting is 0.5-1 kg of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 0.5kg of straw carbon, 0.5kg of calcium superphosphate and 50-100 g of water-retaining agent.
In this embodiment: the regular fertilization can be started after the Yao medicine plants are planted for 1 month, and the regular fertilization needs to be performed for 2-4 times every year.
In this embodiment: the deep ploughing depth of the Yao medicine planting field is 5-10 cm, and the thickness of fine soil covered on the surface of the Yao medicine seeds is 0.5-1.5 cm.
In this embodiment: the bottom fixed mounting of base 4 has control button 5, and control button 5's output passes through the wire and solenoid valve 6's input electric connection.
The experimental result of the embodiment shows that the growth survival rate of Yao medicine plants is only 75%, and the deletion rate of the plants in the growth process can reach as high as 15%.
Example two:
as shown in the figure, different from the first embodiment, the comprehensive planting method for preventing diseases and insect pests of the Yao medicine comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, planting in shade forest land with much humus, easy drainage and water retention, deeply ploughing the land by using special farm tools, removing dead branches, stones and grass roots, washing the seeds of the Yao medicine clean, sowing along with picking, covering fine soil on the surfaces of the seeds after sowing, and finally covering a layer of straw to keep humidity, so as to avoid soil hardening and building a short shed to shade; and (3) when the seedlings come out of the soil, immediately uncovering the cover grass, and selecting a rainy day for transplanting and planting when the seedlings grow 4-5 leaves.
S2, digging holes and planting according to the specification of planting plant spacing of 40cm multiplied by 55cm, wherein the length, the width and the depth of each hole are respectively 25cm multiplied by 35cm multiplied by 20cm, before planting, firstly, digging surface soil into the planting holes, then, adding a base fertilizer, uniformly mixing the base fertilizer and the surface soil, then, adding a small amount of soil, expanding the fibrous roots of the seedlings to the periphery in the planting process, treading the roots with fine soil, covering soil slightly higher than the ground, watering after planting, then, planting, inserting rods around the holes and covering straws or films.
S3, after the completion is transplanted in the planting of medicine seeds of the Yao simultaneously, can install corresponding blank position in the middle of the plant at the device of applying medicine of preventing diseases and insects, the scope of covering is sprayed according to every device of applying medicine of preventing diseases and insects, equidistant position is placed in real time between the plant and is arranged, carry out real-time contact with device and planting ground through backup pad 10, and squeeze into the below-surface through the manual work with spud pile 9 and fix a position fixedly, prevent to take place to empty in the device use, can carry out the medicine of prevention and cure plant diseases and insect pests needs and leading-in to the inside storage of liquid reserve tank 3 in real time, when needs carry out periodic spraying, accessible manual control opens solenoid valve 6 and leads out inside liquid medicine through catheter and atomizer 7, even spray to carry out the pest control work on the.
S4, after the Yao medicine plants survive, trimming branches and leaves of the Yao medicine plants in real time according to the actual plant growth conditions, reserving 4-5 first-stage branches in different directions as main branches for each Yao medicine plant, reserving 15-30 cm of the main branches as branches after the main branches are formed, and trimming the ragged branches, dry dead branches and insect branches and leaves inside the Yao medicine plants, wherein the Yao medicine plants need to be fertilized regularly in the prosperous growth period, weeds are removed in the early growth period of the Yao medicine plants, artificial weeds are removed when weeds are removed, herbicides are not used, drainage and irrigation are needed in time, the plants lack phenomenon is found, and the plants are supplemented in time.
In this embodiment: its device of giving medicine to prevent disease and insect includes backup pad 10, the both sides surface of backup pad 10 runs through movable mounting has spud pile 9, the top fixed mounting of backup pad 10 has stand 8, the top fixed mounting of stand 8 has base 4, the top fixed mounting of base 4 has liquid reserve tank 3, the top movable mounting of liquid reserve tank 3 has end cover 2, there is handle 1 at the top of end cover 2 through bolt fixed mounting, the bottom matrix equidistance of base 4 is arranged and is installed atomizer 7, all fixed mounting has solenoid valve 6 on atomizer 7, the bottom of liquid reserve tank 3 runs through base 4 through the catheter and is connected with atomizer 7.
In this embodiment: the base fertilizer applied in the dug pits before field planting is 2-4 kg of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 2kg of straw carbon, 1.5kg of calcium superphosphate and 200-400 g of water-retaining agent.
In this embodiment: the regular fertilization can be started after the Yao medicine plants are planted for 5 months, and the fertilization needs to be performed for 6-8 times every year.
In this embodiment: the deep ploughing depth of the Yao medicine planting field is 15-30 cm, and the thickness of fine soil covered on the surface of the Yao medicine seeds is 3-5 cm.
In this embodiment: the bottom fixed mounting of base 4 has control button 5, and control button 5's output passes through the wire and solenoid valve 6's input electric connection.
The experimental result of the embodiment shows that the growth survival rate of Yao medicine plants is only 60%, and the deletion rate of the plants in the growth process can reach as high as 30%.
Example three:
as shown in the figure, different from the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the comprehensive planting method for preventing the diseases and insect pests of the Yao medicine comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, planting in shade forest land with much humus, easy drainage and water retention, deeply ploughing the land by using special farm tools, removing dead branches, stones and grass roots, washing the seeds of the Yao medicine clean, sowing along with picking, covering fine soil on the surfaces of the seeds after sowing, and finally covering a layer of straw to keep humidity, so as to avoid soil hardening and building a short shed to shade; and (3) when the seedlings come out of the soil, immediately uncovering the cover grass, and selecting a rainy day for transplanting and planting when the seedlings grow 4-5 leaves.
S2, digging holes and planting according to the planting row spacing of 30cm multiplied by 45cm, wherein the length, the width and the depth of each hole are respectively 15cm multiplied by 25cm multiplied by 10cm, before planting, firstly, digging surface soil into the planting holes, then adding a base fertilizer, uniformly mixing the base fertilizer and the surface soil, then adding a small amount of soil, expanding the fibrous roots of the seedlings to the periphery in the planting process, treading the roots with fine soil, covering soil slightly higher than the ground, watering after planting, then planting, inserting rods around the holes and covering straws or films.
S3, after the completion is transplanted in the planting of medicine seeds of the Yao simultaneously, can install corresponding blank position in the middle of the plant at the device of applying medicine of preventing diseases and insects, the scope of covering is sprayed according to every device of applying medicine of preventing diseases and insects, equidistant position is placed in real time between the plant and is arranged, carry out real-time contact with device and planting ground through backup pad 10, and squeeze into the below-surface through the manual work with spud pile 9 and fix a position fixedly, prevent to take place to empty in the device use, can carry out the medicine of prevention and cure plant diseases and insect pests needs and leading-in to the inside storage of liquid reserve tank 3 in real time, when needs carry out periodic spraying, accessible manual control opens solenoid valve 6 and leads out inside liquid medicine through catheter and atomizer 7, even spray to carry out the pest control work on the.
S4, after the Yao medicine plants survive, trimming branches and leaves of the Yao medicine plants in real time according to the actual plant growth conditions, reserving 4-5 first-stage branches in different directions as main branches for each Yao medicine plant, reserving 10-20 cm of the main branches as branches after the main branches are formed, and trimming the ragged branches, dry dead branches and insect branches and leaves inside the Yao medicine plants, wherein the Yao medicine plants need to be fertilized regularly in the prosperous growth period, weeds are removed in the early growth period of the Yao medicine plants, artificial weeds are removed when weeds are removed, herbicides are not used, drainage and irrigation are needed in time, the plants lack phenomenon is found, and the plants are supplemented in time.
In this embodiment: its device of giving medicine to prevent disease and insect includes backup pad 10, the both sides surface of backup pad 10 runs through movable mounting has spud pile 9, the top fixed mounting of backup pad 10 has stand 8, the top fixed mounting of stand 8 has base 4, the top fixed mounting of base 4 has liquid reserve tank 3, the top movable mounting of liquid reserve tank 3 has end cover 2, there is handle 1 at the top of end cover 2 through bolt fixed mounting, the bottom matrix equidistance of base 4 is arranged and is installed atomizer 7, all fixed mounting has solenoid valve 6 on atomizer 7, the bottom of liquid reserve tank 3 runs through base 4 through the catheter and is connected with atomizer 7.
In this embodiment: the base fertilizer applied in the dug pits before field planting is 1-2 kg of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 1kg of straw carbon, 0.5kg of calcium superphosphate and 100-200 g of water-retaining agent.
In this embodiment: the regular fertilization can be started after the Yao medicine plants are planted for 2 months, and the fertilization needs to be performed for 5-6 times every year.
In this embodiment: the deep ploughing depth of the Yao medicine planting field is 10-15 cm, and the thickness of fine soil covered on the surface of the Yao medicine seeds is 1-2 cm.
In this embodiment: the bottom fixed mounting of base 4 has control button 5, and control button 5's output passes through the wire and solenoid valve 6's input electric connection.
To sum up: the third experimental result of the embodiment shows that the growth survival rate of the Yao medicine plants is only more than 90%, and the loss rate of the plants in the growth process is only 5%, compared with the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the third embodiment can enable the overall loss rate of the Yao medicine in the planting process to be lower, and meanwhile, the overall survival rate of the Yao medicine planted plants is higher, and compared with the traditional planting mode, the invention has higher efficiency for preventing and treating plant diseases and insect pests, and has lower cost and better effect.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A comprehensive planting method for preventing diseases and insect pests of Yao medicine is characterized by comprising the following steps: the planting method comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly, planting in shade forest land with much humus, easy drainage and water retention, deeply ploughing the land by using special farm tools, removing dead branches, stones and grass roots, washing the seeds of the Yao medicine clean, sowing along with picking, covering fine soil on the surfaces of the seeds after sowing, and finally covering a layer of straw to keep humidity, so as to avoid soil hardening and building a short shed to shade; when the seedlings come out of the soil, the cover grass can be immediately removed, and when the seedlings grow 4-5 leaves, the seedlings are selected to be transplanted and fixed on rainy days;
s2, digging holes and planting according to the specification that the planting spacing is 30cm multiplied by 45cm, the length, the width and the depth of each hole are respectively 15cm multiplied by 25cm multiplied by 10cm, before planting, firstly, digging surface soil into the planting holes, then adding a base fertilizer, uniformly mixing the base fertilizer and the surface soil, then adding a small amount of soil, expanding the fibrous roots of the seedlings to the periphery in the planting process, treading the roots with fine soil, covering soil slightly higher than the ground, watering after planting, then planting, planting soil, inserting rods around the holes and covering straws or films;
s3, after the planting and transplanting of the Yao medicine seeds are completed, the disease and insect prevention pesticide applying devices can be installed at corresponding blank positions in the middle of plants, the devices can be placed and arranged in real time at equidistant positions among the plants according to the spraying coverage range of each disease and insect prevention pesticide applying device, the devices are in real-time contact with the planting ground through the supporting plate (10), the fixing piles (9) are manually driven to the positions below the surface to be fixed, the devices are prevented from falling in the using process, the pesticides required for controlling the plant diseases and insect pests can be guided into the liquid storage box (3) to be stored in real time, when the pesticides are required to be regularly sprayed, the electromagnetic valve (6) can be opened through manual control, the pesticides in the device can be guided out through the liquid guide pipe and the atomizing nozzle (7), and the pesticides can be uniformly sprayed onto the Yao;
s4, after the Yao medicine plants survive, trimming branches and leaves of the Yao medicine plants in real time according to the actual plant growth conditions, reserving 4-5 first-stage branches in different directions as main branches for each Yao medicine plant, reserving 10-20 cm of the main branches as branches after the main branches are formed, and trimming the ragged branches, dry dead branches and insect branches and leaves inside the Yao medicine plants, wherein the Yao medicine plants need to be fertilized regularly in the prosperous growth period, weeds are removed in the early growth period of the Yao medicine plants, artificial weeds are removed when weeds are removed, herbicides are not used, drainage and irrigation are needed in time, the plants lack phenomenon is found, and the plants are supplemented in time.
2. The comprehensive planting method for preventing diseases and insect pests of Yao medicine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: its device of giving medicine to poor free of charge of preventing diseases and insects includes backup pad (10), the both sides surface of backup pad (10) runs through movable mounting has spud pile (9), the top fixed mounting of backup pad (10) has stand (8), the top fixed mounting of stand (8) has base (4), the top fixed mounting of base (4) has liquid reserve tank (3), the top movable mounting of liquid reserve tank (3) has end cover (2), there is handle (1) at the top of end cover (2) through bolt fixed mounting, the bottom matrix equidistance of base (4) is arranged and is installed atomizer (7), all fixed mounting has solenoid valve (6) on atomizer (7), the bottom of liquid reserve tank (3) runs through base (4) through the catheter and is connected with atomizer (7).
3. The comprehensive planting method for preventing diseases and insect pests of Yao medicine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the base fertilizer applied in the dug pits before field planting is 1-2 kg of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 1kg of straw carbon, 0.5kg of calcium superphosphate and 100-200 g of water-retaining agent.
4. The comprehensive planting method for preventing diseases and insect pests of Yao medicine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the Yao medicine plants can be fertilized regularly after being planted for 2 months, and the Yao medicine plants are fertilized 5-6 times regularly every year.
5. The comprehensive planting method for preventing diseases and insect pests of Yao medicine according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the deep ploughing depth of the Yao medicine planting field is 10-15 cm, and the thickness of fine soil covered on the surface of the Yao medicine seeds is 1-2 cm.
6. The comprehensive planting method for preventing diseases and insect pests of Yao medicine according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the bottom fixed mounting of base (4) has control button (5), and the input electric connection of control button (5) through wire and solenoid valve (6).
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