CN112013100A - Micro-positive pressure sealing structure at upper end of top drive spindle and micro-positive pressure establishing method - Google Patents
Micro-positive pressure sealing structure at upper end of top drive spindle and micro-positive pressure establishing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112013100A CN112013100A CN202010766442.2A CN202010766442A CN112013100A CN 112013100 A CN112013100 A CN 112013100A CN 202010766442 A CN202010766442 A CN 202010766442A CN 112013100 A CN112013100 A CN 112013100A
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- oil
- positive pressure
- main shaft
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000012208 gear oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000261422 Lysimachia clethroides Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009837 dry grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
- F16H57/029—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein characterised by means for sealing the gearboxes, e.g. to improve airtightness
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
- F16H57/0421—Guidance of lubricant on or within the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes, pipes, grooves, channels or the like
- F16H57/0423—Lubricant guiding means mounted or supported on the casing, e.g. shields or baffles for collecting lubricant, tubes or pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
- F16H57/0434—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating relating to lubrication supply, e.g. pumps ; Pressure control
- F16H57/0435—Pressure control for supplying lubricant; Circuits or valves therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/162—Special parts or details relating to lubrication or cooling of the sealing itself
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/40—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces by means of fluid
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
- E21B3/02—Surface drives for rotary drilling
Abstract
The invention relates to a micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of a top drive spindle and a method for establishing micro-positive pressure, wherein the micro-positive pressure sealing structure comprises a dropper assembly, a throttle valve assembly and an annular lubricating oil cavity; the oil seal flange at the upper end of the top drive main shaft is also provided with two framework oil seals which are oppositely arranged, and the two framework oil seals, the shaft sleeve at the upper end of the top drive main shaft and the oil seal flange at the upper end of the top drive main shaft form a closed annular lubricating oil cavity; the bell jar is arranged at the upper end of the top drive main shaft and is fixed above the gearbox cover; the dropper assembly is arranged above a bell jar at the upper end of the top drive main shaft, the throttle valves are gathered and arranged at the lower part of the bell jar, and the dropper assembly, the throttle valve assembly and the annular lubricating oil cavity are communicated, so that micro-positive pressure is formed in the annular lubricating oil cavity. The gear oil is introduced into the upper end sealing structure of the main shaft by adopting a throttling and burette technology to form a gear oil micro-positive pressure annular lubricating cavity so as to maintain the lubricating effect of a stable oil seal and prevent slurry accumulated in a bell jar from entering the annular sealing cavity, thus prolonging the service life of the oil seal and ensuring that the slurry does not enter a gear box.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sealing structures, in particular to a micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of a top drive spindle and a micro-positive pressure establishing method.
Background
The top drive is important equipment for ensuring the operation efficiency and the operation safety of petroleum and natural gas drilling in modern times. The top drive main body structure mainly comprises a lifting ring, a main shaft, a gear box, a drilling motor, a bell jar, a gooseneck, a washpipe device and the like. In drilling operations, the top drive provides torque and rotational speed and control thereof to the downhole drilling tool, while simultaneously providing a rotational path for high pressure, high displacement drilling mud. The lower end of a main shaft of the top drive main structure extends out of the lower end of the gear box, a framework oil seal is arranged between the lower portion of the gear box and the main shaft, and the lower end of the main shaft is connected with a downhole drilling tool. The upper end of the main shaft extends out of the upper part of the gearbox cover and is connected with the washing pipe device. The washing pipe device is connected with the upper end of the main shaft and the gooseneck, is a high-pressure rotary channel for drilling mud, has certain mud leakage amount during working, and can cause larger mud leakage when failure occurs. The rotation of the main shaft is controlled by a drilling motor. The bell jar is fixed on the gear box cover, and a gooseneck is fixed above the bell jar and provides an installation interface for the washing pipe device. A slurry umbrella, a grease nozzle and an oil seal flange are arranged between the upper end of the main shaft and the gearbox cover. The mud umbrella is used for reducing direct oil seal of mud, and the oil blanket flange provides the oil blanket installation interface, provides regular lubrication for the oil blanket through the grease nipple.
The mud feeding of the top drive gear box is a main pain point of the existing top drive equipment at home and abroad. The washing pipe device arranged in the bell jar at the upper end of the main shaft is a channel for high-pressure and large-discharge mud during drilling operation. The normal seepage of wash tub device or the puncture when failing all can lead to the fact mud to pile up in bell jar inside, and mud has stronger corrosivity to materials such as metal, damages main shaft upper end seal structure and oil blanket easily, and mud drives main shaft upper end seal structure through the top and gets into the gear box, causes the top and drives equipment trouble and maintenance, will seriously influence oil and gas drilling operation safety and efficiency.
If the oil seal is not lubricated and maintained in time, the oil seal is easily damaged by dry grinding, and when slurry is accumulated in the bell jar, the slurry easily enters the gear box. Even when normal lubrication maintenance, the rotation of main shaft drives the lubricating grease in the annular lubricating oil cavity and continuously cuts, generates heat, volatilizes to annular lubricating oil cavity forms malleation gas storehouse, and when the oil blanket can not reach airtight requirement, malleation gas is got rid of from annular lubricating oil cavity. After the main shaft stops rotating, the gas in the annular lubricating oil cavity is cooled, the cavity forms a negative pressure bin, and when slurry is accumulated in the bell jar, the slurry is easily sucked into the annular lubricating oil cavity, so that the corrosion damage to the sealing structure at the upper end of the main shaft is further accelerated. The top drive main shaft rotates and stops, the process is repeated, the diary and the month are accumulated, more mud accumulated in the bell jar enters the annular lubricating oil cavity, the sealing structure at the upper end of the main shaft is damaged, and finally the mud enters the gear box.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the above disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of a top drive spindle and a method for establishing micro-positive pressure, wherein a gear oil is introduced into the sealing structure at the upper end of the spindle by using the existing gear oil forced lubrication system on the top drive equipment and adopting a throttling and burette technology to form a gear oil micro-positive pressure annular lubrication cavity, so as to maintain stable oil seal lubrication and prevent slurry accumulated in a bell jar from entering the annular sealing cavity, thereby prolonging the service life of an oil seal and ensuring that the slurry does not enter a gear box.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
a micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of a top drive spindle comprises a dropper assembly, a throttle valve assembly and an annular lubricating oil cavity; an oil seal flange is arranged at the joint of the upper end of the top drive main shaft and the gearbox cover, two framework oil seals which are oppositely arranged are also arranged on the oil seal flange, and a closed annular lubricating oil cavity is formed by the two framework oil seals, a shaft sleeve at the upper end of the top drive main shaft and the oil seal flange at the upper end of the top drive main shaft;
the bell jar is arranged at the upper end of the top drive main shaft and is fixed above the gearbox cover;
the dropper assembly is arranged above the bell jar at the upper end of the top drive main shaft, the throttle valve assembly is arranged at the lower part of the bell jar, and the dropper assembly, the throttle valve assembly and the annular lubricating oil cavity are communicated, so that micro-positive pressure is formed in the annular lubricating oil cavity.
Optionally, an oil inlet of the top drive forced lubrication system and the throttle valve assembly is connected through a pipeline; the second pipeline is connected with an oil outlet of the throttle valve assembly and an upper joint above the dropper assembly; the pipeline three is connected with a lower joint below the dropper assembly and a sealing structure oil inlet at the upper end of the top drive main shaft, and the pipeline four is connected with an overflow pipeline on the side surface of the dropper assembly and a gear box cover oil filling port, so that redundant gear oil is returned to the gear box.
Optionally, the micro-positive pressure sealing structure further comprises a mechanical sealing structure, and the mechanical sealing structure is mounted on the main shaft of the top drive.
Optionally, the dropper assembly comprises a lower joint, an upper joint, a lower sealing cover, a sealing barrel, an upper sealing cover and an overflow pipeline;
the lower sealing cover and the upper sealing cover are respectively sealed at the lower port and the upper port of the sealing cylinder; the upper joint is arranged at the upper part of the upper sealing cover and is communicated with the inside of the sealing cylinder; a lower joint is arranged at the bottom of the lower sealing cover and communicated with the sealing cylinder; and the sealing barrel is also provided with an overflow pipeline.
Optionally, a throttle valve and a one-way valve are arranged in the throttle valve assembly, and the throttle valve is used for regulating and controlling the gear oil flow to ensure that the pressure and flow distribution of the existing forced gear oil lubrication system of the top drive are not influenced; the one-way valve is used for ensuring that gear oil in the closed lubricating oil cavity and the pipeline does not flow back after the forced gear oil lubricating system is stopped, so that the micro-positive pressure state of the closed lubricating oil cavity is ensured.
Optionally, the dropper assembly is made of a transparent material or is provided with a transparent observation window; the liquid level in the dropper assembly is higher than the annular lubricating oil cavity; the pressure of the micro positive pressure is equal to the pressure of the height difference between the dropper assembly and the annular lubricating oil cavity; an oil outlet of an upper lubricating oil cavity of the annular lubricating oil cavity is sealed by a plug cap.
Optionally, the method for establishing the micro-positive pressure by the micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of the top drive spindle comprises the following steps:
establishing a passage between a gear lubricating system and a throttle valve assembly, so that gear oil enters the throttle valve assembly from the gear lubricating system to be throttled and decompressed;
secondly, establishing a passage between a throttle valve assembly and a burette assembly to enable gear oil to be collected from the throttle valve and enter the burette assembly;
and thirdly, establishing a passage between the dropper assembly and the oil seal flange, so that the gear oil of the dropper assembly enters the oil seal flange from the dropper assembly, and forming micro-positive pressure between the passages.
Optionally, establishing a path between the dip tube assembly and the gearbox to allow excess gear oil in the dip tube assembly to overflow back to the gearbox.
Optionally, a top drive with a micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of a main shaft comprises the above micro-positive pressure sealing structure.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of a top drive main shaft and a micro-positive pressure establishing method. Compared with the existing design, the direct contact between the framework oil seal and the slurry is prevented, the stable and continuous oil seal lubrication is maintained, the slurry accumulated in the bell jar is prevented from entering the annular sealing cavity, the service life of the oil seal is prolonged, and the slurry is ensured not to enter the gear box.
Furthermore, the leakage condition of the oil seal at the upper end of the top drive main shaft can be adjusted and judged by a throttle valve and a dropper drip technique, and the maintenance work of field equipment is facilitated.
Furthermore, the requirement of the conventional design on daily lubricating grease maintenance of the upper end sealing structure of the main shaft is eliminated, and the labor intensity of workers and the safety risk of high-altitude operation are effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the top drive spindle of the present invention after a micro-positive pressure sealing structure is installed on the top end;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first drop tube assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second drop tube assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first top drive spindle without a micro-positive pressure seal structure mounted thereon;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first top drive spindle with a micro-positive pressure seal structure mounted at the upper end thereof;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second top drive spindle without a micro-positive pressure seal structure mounted thereon;
fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second top drive spindle with a micro-positive pressure sealing structure mounted at the upper end thereof.
[ description of reference ]
1: a dropper assembly;
2: the throttle valve is assembled;
3: an oil inlet of the sealing structure;
4: a gearbox cover oil filling port;
5: a first pipeline;
6: a second pipeline;
7: a third pipeline;
8: a fourth pipeline;
9: a mechanical seal structure;
10: the upper end of the top drive main shaft; 101: a main shaft; 102: a gearbox cover; 103: a pipe washing device; 104: an oil seal flange; 105: an oil inlet of the lubricating oil cavity; 106: an oil outlet of the lubricating oil cavity; 107: a shaft sleeve; 108: framework oil seal; 109: an oil passage; 110: a bearing thrust flange; 111: a slurry umbrella;
11: a sealing cylinder;
12: an upper sealing cover;
13: a lower sealing cover;
14: an upper joint;
15: a lower joint;
16: an overflow line.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, the micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of the top drive spindle comprises a dropper assembly 1, a throttle valve assembly 2 and an annular lubricating oil cavity; an oil seal flange 104 is arranged at the joint of the upper end 10 of the top drive main shaft and the gearbox cover 102, two framework oil seals 108 which are oppositely arranged are also arranged on the oil seal flange 104, and a closed annular lubricating oil cavity is formed by the two framework oil seals 108, a shaft sleeve 107 of the upper end 10 of the top drive main shaft and the oil seal flange 104 of the upper end 10 of the top drive main shaft;
the bell jar is arranged at the upper end 10 of the top drive main shaft and is fixed above the gearbox cover 102;
the dropper assembly 1 is arranged above the bell jar at the upper end 10 of the top drive spindle, the throttle valve assembly 2 is arranged at the lower part of the bell jar, and the liquid level in the dropper assembly 1 is higher than the height of the annular lubricating oil cavity; the dropper assembly 1, the throttle valve assembly 2 and the annular lubricating oil cavity are communicated, so that the annular lubricating oil cavity forms micro-positive pressure. An oil inlet 3 of a sealing structure at the upper end 10 of the top drive main shaft is communicated with an annular lubricating oil cavity; the oil outlet 106 of the lubricating oil cavity is sealed by a plugging cap; micro-positive pressure is formed in the annular lubricating oil cavity, and the pressure is equal to liquid column pressure formed by the height difference between the dropper assembly 1 and the annular lubricating oil cavity.
The dropper assembly 1 is made of transparent materials or is provided with a transparent observation window. So as to observe the oil level of the gear oil in the dropper assembly 1 and the oil dropping speed of the oil port at the upper end, and further judge the oil sealing state of the closed sealing cavity at the upper end 10 of the top drive spindle through the flow of the throttle valve assembly 2.
The top drive forced lubrication system and an oil inlet of the throttle valve assembly 2 are connected through a pipeline I5; the second pipeline 6 is connected with an oil outlet of the throttle valve assembly 2 and an upper joint 14 above the dropper assembly 1; the third pipeline 7 is connected with a lower joint 15 below the burette assembly 1 and a sealing structure oil inlet 3 at the upper end 10 of the top drive main shaft, and the fourth pipeline 8 is connected with an overflow pipeline 16 at the side surface of the burette assembly 1 and a gear box cover oil filling opening 4, so that redundant gear oil can return to the gear box.
The micro-positive pressure sealing structure further comprises a mechanical sealing structure 9, the mechanical sealing structure 9 is installed on the main shaft of the top drive, and the mechanical sealing structure 9 is used for replacing the existing bearing isolation seal or dust seal.
Referring to fig. 2, the dropper assembly 1 includes a lower connector 15, an upper connector 14, a lower sealing cap 13, a sealing cylinder 11, an upper sealing cap 12, and an overflow line 16;
the lower sealing cover 13 and the upper sealing cover 12 are respectively sealed at the lower port and the upper port of the sealing cylinder 11; an upper joint 14 is arranged at the upper part of the upper sealing cover 12 and is communicated with the inside of the sealing cylinder 11; the bottom of the lower sealing cover 13 is provided with a lower joint 14 communicated with the sealing cylinder 11; the sealing barrel 11 is also provided with an overflow pipeline 16.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the overflow line 16 is divided into two types;
first, the overflow pipeline 16 is directly communicated with the middle upper part of the sealing barrel 11;
second, the overflow pipe 16 includes a bottom side joint and an inner pipe, the inner pipe is vertically disposed inside the sealing cylinder 11, and the bottom side joint is disposed at the bottom of the sealing cylinder 11 and is communicated with the inner pipe. Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto as long as the overflow line 16 can overflow the liquid in the sealing cylinder 11.
A throttle valve and a one-way valve are arranged in the throttle valve assembly 2, and the throttle valve is used for adjusting and controlling the gear oil flow, so that the pressure and flow distribution of the existing forced gear oil lubricating system of the top drive are ensured not to be influenced; the one-way valve is used for ensuring that gear oil in the closed lubricating oil cavity and the pipeline does not flow back after the forced gear oil lubricating system is stopped, so that the micro-positive pressure state of the closed lubricating oil cavity is ensured. The micro-leakage of gear oil in the micro-positive pressure lubricating oil cavity provides lubricating and cooling effects for the mechanical sealing structure 9.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 4 and 5, the top drive of the first type has a micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of the main shaft, and the upper end of the main shaft of the top drive comprises the micro-positive pressure sealing structure and the mechanical sealing structure 9 in the embodiment 1.
The upper end 10 of the top drive main shaft comprises a main shaft 101, a gearbox cover 102, a wash pipe device 103, an oil seal flange 104, an oil inlet 105, an oil outlet 106, a shaft sleeve 107, a framework oil seal 108, an oil duct 109, a slurry umbrella 111 and a mechanical sealing structure 9;
the upper end of the main shaft 101 extends out of the gear box cover 102, and the upper end of the main shaft 101 is connected with a washing pipe device 103; the oil seal flange 104 is provided with a lubricating oil cavity oil inlet 105 and a lubricating oil cavity oil outlet 106, and a lubricating oil channel 107 is communicated with the lubricating oil cavity oil inlet 105 and the lubricating oil cavity oil outlet 106; the oil seal flange 104 is fixed on the gearbox cover 102 through bolts;
the mud umbrella 111 is fixed in a groove at the upper end of the main shaft 101 and is positioned between the washing pipe device 103 and the oil seal flange 104, so that mud leaked or punctured from the washing pipe device 103 is prevented from directly contacting the mechanical sealing structure 9; ensuring the working life of the framework oil seal 108. A moving ring of the mechanical seal 9 is sleeved on the outer diameter of the main shaft 101 and forms a seal with the outer diameter of the main shaft 101 through an O-shaped ring, and a static ring of the mechanical seal 9 is sleeved on the inner diameter of the oil seal flange 104 and forms a seal with the oil seal flange 104 through the O-shaped ring; the mechanical sealing structure 9 is positioned above the annular lubricating oil cavity and is arranged below the slurry umbrella 111; a shaft sleeve 107 is arranged on the main shaft 101, and the shaft sleeve 107 is arranged on the outer diameter of the main shaft 101 in an interference fit manner; the inner side of the oil seal flange 104 is also provided with two framework oil seals 108 which are oppositely arranged, the two framework oil seals 108, the shaft sleeve 107 and the oil seal flange 104 form a closed annular lubricating oil cavity, and an oil passage 109 is opened and communicated with the middle part of the annular lubricating oil cavity.
Example 2:
referring to fig. 6 and 7, the second top drive with a micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of the spindle comprises the micro-positive pressure sealing structure and the mechanical sealing structure 9 in the embodiment 1.
The upper end 10 of the top drive main shaft comprises a main shaft 101, a gearbox cover 102, a wash pipe device 103, an oil seal flange 104, a lubricating oil cavity oil inlet 105, a lubricating oil cavity oil outlet 106, a shaft sleeve 107, a framework oil seal 108, an oil channel 109, a bearing thrust flange 110, a slurry umbrella 111 and a mechanical sealing structure 9;
the upper end of the main shaft 101 extends out of the gear box cover 102 and the bearing thrust flange 110, and the upper end of the main shaft 101 is connected with the washing pipe device 103; the oil seal flange 104 is provided with a lubricating oil cavity oil inlet 105 and a lubricating oil cavity oil outlet 106, a lubricating oil channel 109 is communicated with the lubricating oil cavity oil inlet 105 and the lubricating oil cavity oil outlet 106, and the oil seal flange 104 is fixedly installed on a bearing thrust flange 110 through bolts; the slurry umbrella 111 is fixed on the shaft sleeve 107 at the upper end of the main shaft 101 through bolts, so that slurry leaked or punctured from the washing pipe device 103 is prevented from directly contacting the mechanical seal 9, and the service life of the framework oil seal 108 is ensured. A moving ring of the mechanical seal 9 is sleeved on the outer diameter of the main shaft 101 and forms a seal through an O-shaped ring and the outer diameter of the main shaft 101, and a static ring of the mechanical seal 9 is sleeved on the inner diameter of the oil seal flange 104 and forms a seal through the O-shaped ring and the oil seal flange 104; the mechanical sealing structure 9 is positioned above the annular lubricating oil cavity and is arranged below the slurry umbrella 111; a shaft sleeve 107 is arranged on the main shaft 101, and a bolt hole is formed in the upper end of the shaft sleeve 107 and is arranged on the outer diameter of the main shaft 101 in an interference fit manner; the oil seal flange 104 is also provided with two framework oil seals 108 which are oppositely arranged, the two framework oil seals 108, the shaft sleeve 107 and the oil seal flange 104 form a closed annular lubricating oil cavity, and an oil passage 109 is opened and communicated with the middle part of the annular lubricating oil cavity.
Of course, the invention is not limited to the top drive in embodiments 2 and 3, and the micro-positive pressure sealing structure of the invention can be adjusted and installed according to other top drive structures.
A method for establishing micro-positive pressure by a micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of a top drive spindle comprises the following steps:
firstly, establishing a passage between a gear lubricating system and a throttle valve assembly 2, so that gear oil enters the throttle valve assembly 2 from the gear lubricating system for throttling and pressure reduction;
secondly, establishing a passage between the throttle valve assembly 2 and the burette assembly 1, so that gear oil enters the burette assembly 1 from the throttle valve assembly 2;
and thirdly, establishing a passage between the dropper assembly 1 and the oil seal flange, so that the gear oil of the dropper assembly 1 enters the oil seal flange from the dropper assembly 1, and forming micro-positive pressure between the passages.
The method for establishing the micro-positive pressure further comprises establishing a passage between the dropper assembly 1 and the gearbox, so that the redundant gear oil in the dropper assembly 1 overflows back to the gearbox.
In summary, the micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of the top drive spindle adopts a throttling control technology and a dropper dropping technology to introduce the gear oil of the existing top drive forced gear oil lubricating system into the sealing structure at the upper end of the spindle to form a micro-positive pressure annular lubricating oil cavity of the gear oil, and a mechanical sealing structure 9 with long service life is adopted to replace a bearing isolation seal or a dust seal. Compared with the existing design, the direct contact between the framework oil seal 108 and the slurry is prevented, the stable and continuous oil seal lubrication is maintained, the slurry accumulated in the bell jar is prevented from entering the annular sealing cavity, the service life of the oil seal is prolonged, and the slurry is prevented from entering the gear box.
Furthermore, the leakage condition of the oil seal at the upper end of the top drive main shaft can be adjusted and judged by a throttle valve and a dropper drip technique, and the maintenance work of field equipment is facilitated.
Furthermore, the requirement of the conventional design on daily lubricating grease maintenance of the upper end sealing structure of the main shaft is eliminated, and the labor intensity of workers and the safety risk of high-altitude operation are effectively reduced.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; either as communication within the two elements or as an interactive relationship of the two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, a first feature may be "on" or "under" a second feature, and the first and second features may be in direct contact, or the first and second features may be in indirect contact via an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may be directly or obliquely above the second feature, or simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.
In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or "some examples" or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art may make changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a pressure-fired seal structure of main shaft upper end is driven on top which characterized in that: comprises a dropper assembly (1), a throttle valve assembly (2) and an annular lubricating oil cavity; an oil seal flange (104) is arranged at the joint of the upper end (10) of the top drive main shaft and the gearbox cover (102), two framework oil seals (108) which are oppositely arranged are also arranged on the oil seal flange (104), and a closed annular lubricating oil cavity is formed by the two framework oil seals (108), a shaft sleeve (107) at the upper end (10) of the top drive main shaft and the oil seal flange (104) at the upper end (10) of the top drive main shaft;
the bell jar is arranged at the upper end (10) of the top drive main shaft and is fixed above the gearbox cover (102);
the dropper assembly (1) is arranged above the bell jar at the upper end (10) of the top drive spindle, the throttle valve assembly (2) is arranged at the lower part of the bell jar, and the dropper assembly (1), the throttle valve assembly (2) and the annular lubricating oil cavity are communicated, so that micro-positive pressure is formed in the annular lubricating oil cavity.
2. The micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of the top drive spindle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the top drive forced lubricating system and an oil inlet of the throttle valve assembly (2) are connected through a pipeline I (5); the second pipeline (6) is connected with an oil outlet of the throttle valve assembly (2) and an upper joint (14) above the dropper assembly (1); the third pipeline (7) is connected with a lower connector (15) below the dropper assembly (1) and a sealing structure oil inlet (3) at the upper end (10) of the top drive main shaft, and the fourth pipeline (8) is connected with an overflow pipeline (16) on the side surface of the dropper assembly (1) and a gearbox cover oil filling port (4), so that redundant gear oil is returned to the gearbox.
3. The micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of the top drive spindle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the micro-positive pressure sealing structure further comprises a mechanical sealing structure (9), and the mechanical sealing structure (9) is installed on the main shaft of the top drive.
4. The micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of the top drive spindle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the dropper assembly (1) comprises a lower joint (15), an upper joint (14), a lower sealing cover (13), a sealing barrel (11), an upper sealing cover (12) and an overflow pipeline (16);
the lower sealing cover (13) and the upper sealing cover (12) are respectively sealed at the lower port and the upper port of the sealing cylinder (11); the upper joint (14) is arranged at the upper part of the upper sealing cover (12) and is communicated with the inside of the sealing cylinder (11); a lower joint (14) is arranged at the bottom of the lower sealing cover (13) and is communicated with the sealing cylinder (11); an overflow pipeline (16) is also arranged on the sealing barrel (11).
5. The micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of the top drive spindle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: a throttle valve and a one-way valve are arranged in the throttle valve assembly (2), and the throttle valve is used for adjusting and controlling the gear oil flow, so that the pressure and flow distribution of the existing forced gear oil lubrication system of the top drive are not influenced; the one-way valve is used for ensuring that gear oil in the closed lubricating oil cavity and the pipeline does not flow back after the forced gear oil lubricating system is stopped, so that the micro-positive pressure state of the closed lubricating oil cavity is ensured.
6. The micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of the top drive spindle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the dropper assembly (1) is made of transparent materials or is provided with a transparent observation window.
7. The micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of the top drive spindle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the liquid level in the dropper assembly (1) is higher than the liquid level in the annular lubricating oil cavity;
the pressure of the micro positive pressure is equal to the pressure of the height difference between the dropper assembly (1) and the annular lubricating oil cavity;
an oil outlet (106) of an upper lubricating oil cavity of the annular lubricating oil cavity is sealed by a plug cap.
8. A method for establishing micro-positive pressure by a micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of a top drive spindle is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
establishing a passage between a gear lubricating system and a throttle valve assembly (2) to enable gear oil to enter the throttle valve assembly (2) from the gear lubricating system for throttling and pressure reducing;
secondly, establishing a passage between the throttle valve assembly (2) and the dropper assembly (1) to enable gear oil to enter the dropper assembly (1) from the throttle valve assembly (2);
and thirdly, establishing a passage between the dropper assembly (1) and the oil seal flange, so that the gear oil of the dropper assembly (1) enters the oil seal flange from the dropper assembly (1), and micro-positive pressure is formed between the passages.
9. The method for establishing the micro-positive pressure of the micro-positive pressure sealing structure at the upper end of the top drive spindle as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the method also comprises the step of establishing a passage between the dropper assembly (1) and the gearbox, so that the redundant gear oil in the dropper assembly (1) overflows back to the gearbox.
10. The utility model provides a top drive that main shaft upper end has pressure-fired seal structure which characterized in that: the top drive comprises the micro-positive pressure seal of any one of claims 1-7.
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| CN202010766442.2A CN112013100B (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Micro-positive pressure sealing structure at upper end of top drive spindle and micro-positive pressure establishing method |
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| CN202010766442.2A CN112013100B (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Micro-positive pressure sealing structure at upper end of top drive spindle and micro-positive pressure establishing method |
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| CN112013100B CN112013100B (en) | 2021-06-15 |
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Address after: Room 328, Haishunde building, A1 Donghuan North Road, Daxing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Beijing 100176 Patentee after: Beijing Jiejie West Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 328, Haishunde building, A1 Donghuan North Road, Daxing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Beijing 100176 Patentee before: Beijing Jiejiexi Petroleum Equipment Co.,Ltd. |