CN111998358A - Kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system - Google Patents
Kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111998358A CN111998358A CN202010963853.0A CN202010963853A CN111998358A CN 111998358 A CN111998358 A CN 111998358A CN 202010963853 A CN202010963853 A CN 202010963853A CN 111998358 A CN111998358 A CN 111998358A
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- kitchen waste
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- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 80
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/006—General arrangement of incineration plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/12—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/446—Waste feed arrangements for liquid waste
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/02—Gases or liquids enclosed in discarded articles, e.g. aerosol cans or cooling systems of refrigerators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/20—Dewatering by mechanical means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/80—Shredding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2204/00—Supplementary heating arrangements
- F23G2204/10—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel
- F23G2204/103—Supplementary heating arrangements using auxiliary fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
- F23G2206/203—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation with a power/heat generating installation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system which has the advantages of good kitchen waste treatment effect, low use cost, energy consumption saving and good environmental protection. The biomass kitchen waste slurry treatment system comprises a low-carbon boiler (1), a kitchen waste treatment machine (2), a slurry injector (3) and a hydrogen-rich generation device (4), wherein the kitchen waste treatment machine (2) sequentially comprises a compression finishing section (21), a crushing and dewatering section (22) and a pulp grinding section (23), biomass kitchen waste slurry treated by the pulp grinding section (23) is pumped to the slurry injector (3) through a slurry pump (6) through a slurry pipeline (60) and is sprayed into a combustion chamber of the low-carbon boiler (1) through the slurry injector (3) to be used as biomass fuel for combustion, and the hydrogen-rich generation device (4) sends hydrogen into the combustion chamber of the low-carbon boiler (1) to be used for combustion supporting. The invention can be widely applied to the field of energy combustion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy combustion system, in particular to a hydrogen-rich energy combustion system for kitchen waste.
Background
Environmental problems such as global climate change, acid rain pollution, ozone depletion, trans-environmental transfer and diffusion of toxic and harmful chemicals and wastes, sharp reduction of biodiversity, marine pollution have become serious challenges for human beings. The garbage is generated along with the production mode and the daily life process, the huge pressure on the environment and resources is seriously exceeded the natural self-cleaning capacity, and the garbage poses great threats to the ecology, the resources and the human health.
The existing main garbage treatment technologies comprise anaerobic fermentation, aerobic fermentation, composting and the like, but the existing garbage treatment technologies generally have the defects of slow reaction, long consumed time, low efficiency, narrow applicability, more residues, secondary pollution and the like. The kitchen waste refers to food waste, food residues, food processing waste, inedible animal and vegetable oil and fat and various oil-water mixtures in families, schools, institutions, public dining halls and catering industries, and is part of municipal domestic waste. Particularly, the treatment pressure of domestic garbage such as kitchen garbage is increased day by day, and the realization of garbage reduction, recycling and harmless treatment is a difficult problem in the environmental protection field.
Due to the diet culture and the catering habits, the kitchen waste has a unique phenomenon in China, a large amount of kitchen waste is generated every day, and the kitchen waste is also generated in places such as catering hotels and the like. The kitchen waste is easy to decay and deteriorate, bad smell which is difficult to accept by people can be generated, and the kitchen waste generated in the catering industry contains a lot of residual vegetable soup and the like, so that the kitchen waste is easy to leak in mobile phones and transportation, and the environment is influenced. The direct landfill treatment of the kitchen waste can cause serious pollution to underground water. The kitchen waste rich in nutrition is a precious renewable resource, but because sufficient attention is not paid yet and the disposal method is improper, the kitchen waste becomes a potential hazard source influencing food safety and ecological safety. The kitchen waste has the characteristics of waste and resources, and is a typical resource which is misplaced.
At present, the main modes of kitchen waste treatment in China are as follows:
1. the crushing and direct discharging treatment is a main method for treating a small amount of dispersed kitchen waste in European and American countries, and is characterized in that the kitchen waste is directly crushed and crushed at a kitchen waste generating point, then is discharged into an urban municipal sewer network by adopting hydraulic flushing, and is combined with municipal sewage to enter an urban sewage treatment plant for centralized treatment. The method has the advantages of low price, simple and convenient technology and the like for treating a small amount of scattered kitchen waste such as household kitchen waste, can reduce the water content of the municipal waste, reduces the collection amount, and is beneficial to improving the heat productivity of the municipal waste.
2. Landfill treatment, in which kitchen waste and common waste in many areas of China are sent into a landfill site together for landfill treatment. Landfill is the main treatment mode of harmless treatment of domestic garbage in most countries. The kitchen waste contains a large amount of degradable components, has short stabilization time, is beneficial to the recovery of a waste landfill site, and is simple and convenient to operate, so that the kitchen waste is more commonly applied. With the increasingly wide knowledge of the availability of kitchen waste, the landfill rate of the kitchen waste is on the trend of decreasing no matter in europe, the united states, japan or china, and even many countries prohibit the kitchen waste from entering a landfill site for treatment.
3. The fertilizer treatment mainly comprises aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion. Aerobic composting is that under aerobic condition, extracellular enzyme secreted by aerobic microbe is used to decompose organic solid into soluble organic matter, which then permeates into cell to realize the whole composting process through metabolism of microbe. Meanwhile, similar methods are introduced by aerobic composting, for example, earthworm composting is a new technology developed in recent years, earthworms are used for swallowing a large amount of kitchen waste, the kitchen waste is mixed with soil, and organic matters are converted into nutrient substances which can be utilized by self or other organisms through the mechanical grinding effect of a sand bag and the biochemical effect in intestinal tracts. Anaerobic digestion treatment of kitchen waste refers to that under specific anaerobic conditions, microorganisms decompose organic waste, wherein carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are converted into methane and carbon dioxide, and elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are remained in residues and are converted into a form which is easily absorbed and utilized by animals and plants.
4. The feed is treated in a feed mode, the current feed has huge market potential, and due to the fact that the kitchen waste is used as a raw material, the feed is low in price, large in supply quantity, rich in product nutrition, large in profit interval range and strong in market competitiveness. There are two ways of feed processing: 1, biologically treating to prepare feed, adding cultured strains into the kitchen waste for sealed storage, breeding the strains and killing pathogenic bacteria to prepare the feed; 2 preparing the feed by high-temperature disinfection, killing viruses at high temperature, crushing and processing into the feed for livestock and poultry to eat.
5. The energy treatment is rapidly emerging in recent years, and mainly includes an incineration method, a thermal decomposition method, fermentation hydrogen production, and the like. The incineration method is high in efficiency of treating the kitchen waste, about 5% of residues beneficial to disposal are finally generated, the incineration is carried out in a special incinerator, and the generated heat energy can be converted into hot water or electric energy, so that the recycling of energy is realized, but the water content of the kitchen waste is high, and the heat value is low. The energy treatment of the kitchen waste is of increasing concern.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects of the prior art and provides the hydrogen-rich energy combustion system for the kitchen waste, which has the advantages of good effect of treating the kitchen waste, low use cost, energy consumption saving and good environmental protection.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the kitchen waste treatment machine comprises a low-carbon boiler, a kitchen waste treatment machine, a slurry injector and a hydrogen-rich generation device, wherein the kitchen waste treatment machine sequentially comprises a compression finishing section, a crushing and dewatering section and a pulp grinding section, biomass kitchen waste slurry treated by the pulp grinding section is pumped to the slurry injector through a slurry pump through a slurry pipeline and is injected into a combustion chamber of the low-carbon boiler through the slurry injector to be used as biomass fuel for combustion, and the hydrogen-rich generation device sends hydrogen into the combustion chamber of the low-carbon boiler to be used for combustion supporting.
The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system further comprises a water inlet preheating heat exchanger, the low-carbon boiler is provided with a smoke exhaust pipeline, a smoke heat recoverer is arranged in the smoke exhaust pipeline and communicated with the hot side of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger through a smoke hot water circulation pipeline to heat circulating water in the smoke hot water circulation pipeline, the cold side of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger is introduced into a water inlet of the low-carbon boiler through a water inlet pipeline, and water enters the water inlet preheating heat exchanger to exchange heat with hot water in the smoke hot water circulation pipeline so as to be preheated.
And a circulating pump is arranged on the flue gas hot water circulating pipeline between the hot side outlet of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger and the flue gas heat recoverer.
And a water inlet pump is arranged on the water inlet pipeline.
The flue gas heat recoverer is a flue gas condenser.
The hydrogen-rich generating device is an electrolytic hydrogen-rich generator.
The low-carbon boiler is provided with a hot water outlet, and the hot water outlet is connected with a hot water supply pipeline.
The crushing and dewatering section comprises a spiral extrusion dewaterer, a dewatering motor and a dewatering reduction box, the spiral extrusion dewaterer comprises an extrusion screw, a feed hopper and a discharge bin, the radial size of the extrusion screw is from the feed hopper to the discharge bin is changed from small to large, a filter screen is arranged on the periphery of the extrusion screw, and a sewage discharge outlet for discharging sewage after extrusion is formed in the bottom of the filter screen.
The outer wall of the extrusion screw is provided with continuous helical blades, and the pitch of the continuous helical blades is from the feed hopper to the discharge bin direction is changed from big to small.
The slurry ejector adopts a Venturi ejector.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the kitchen waste treatment machine comprises a low-carbon boiler, a kitchen waste treatment machine, a slurry injector and a hydrogen-rich generation device, wherein the kitchen waste treatment machine sequentially comprises a compression finishing section, a crushing and dewatering section and a pulp grinding section, biomass kitchen waste slurry treated by the pulp grinding section is pumped to the slurry injector through a slurry pump through a slurry pipeline and is injected into a combustion chamber of the low-carbon boiler through the slurry injector to be used as biomass fuel for combustion, and the hydrogen-rich generation device sends hydrogen into the combustion chamber of the low-carbon boiler to be used for combustion supporting; the invention overcomes the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, fully utilizes the boiler conditions in environmental places such as kitchens, takes the crushed, dehydrated and ground pulp kitchen waste as fuel according to local conditions, and sends the crushed, dehydrated and ground pulp kitchen waste to the low-carbon boiler for combustion, thereby not only being capable of well treating and converting the kitchen waste on site, having extremely high treatment speed, avoiding the complex transportation and treatment in the later period, but also changing waste into valuable, fully utilizing the heat value of biomass organic matters in the kitchen waste, saving the fuel of the low-carbon boiler, leading the low-carbon boiler to become boiler hot water, steam and the like and a waste combustor to be combined into a whole, and adopting the hydrogen-rich generating device to send hydrogen into a combustion chamber of the low-carbon boiler for combustion supporting, leading the hydrogen to be the most potential substitute energy widely considered as a high-quality clean energy source, and being beneficial to completely dry-pressing the kitchen waste in the low-carbon boiler, the heat energy is converted, so that the harmless treatment and resource utilization of the kitchen waste are realized, and multiple purposes are achieved; therefore, the invention has good effect of treating the kitchen waste, low use cost, energy consumption saving and good environmental protection.
The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system further comprises a water inlet preheating heat exchanger, the low-carbon boiler is provided with a smoke exhaust pipeline, a smoke heat recoverer is arranged in the smoke exhaust pipeline and is communicated with the hot side of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger through a smoke hot water circulating pipeline so as to heat circulating water in the smoke hot water circulating pipeline, the cold side of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger is introduced into a water inlet of the low-carbon boiler through a water inlet pipeline, and inlet water exchanges heat with hot water in the smoke hot water circulating pipeline in the water inlet preheating heat exchanger so as to be preheated; the invention further preheats the boiler inlet water by utilizing the high-temperature waste heat carried by the flue gas generated by the low-carbon boiler, improves the heating efficiency of the boiler, further saves energy, avoids the waste of heat energy, and avoids the heat damage to the environment, thereby further reducing the use cost, saving the energy consumption and having good environmental protection property.
The crushing and dewatering section comprises a spiral extrusion dewaterer, a dewatering motor and a dewatering reduction box, the spiral extrusion dewaterer comprises an extrusion screw, a feed hopper and a discharge bin, the radial size of the extrusion screw is changed from small to big from the feed hopper to the discharge bin, a filter screen is arranged on the periphery of the extrusion screw, and a sewage discharge outlet for discharging extruded sewage is arranged at the bottom of the filter screen; the invention adopts the extrusion screw with the variable shaft diameter, so that the extrusion space of the material is smaller and smaller in the extrusion process, and the material is gradually subjected to larger and larger extrusion force, thereby achieving the purpose of solid-liquid separation, being not influenced by the material property and regional diet difference, and not only being capable of treating the crushed kitchen waste, but also being capable of treating the original ecological kitchen waste.
Because the outer wall of the extrusion screw is provided with the continuous helical blade, the pitch of the continuous helical blade is gradually reduced from the feed hopper to the discharge bin; the invention further enables the extrusion space of the materials to be smaller and smaller in the extrusion process by adopting the extrusion screw with the variable pitch, and the materials are gradually subjected to larger and larger extrusion force, thereby achieving the purpose of solid-liquid separation, being not influenced by the material properties and regional diet differences, not only being capable of treating the crushed kitchen waste, but also being capable of treating the original ecological kitchen waste, and being capable of achieving the maximum dehydration effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a crushing and dewatering section according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system of the embodiment includes a low-carbon boiler 1, a kitchen waste processor 2, a slurry injector 3 and a hydrogen-rich generator 4, the low-carbon boiler 1 is provided with a hot water outlet 9, the hot water outlet 9 is connected with a hot water supply pipeline 20, the kitchen waste processor 2 sequentially includes a compression finishing section 21, a crushing and dewatering section 22 and a refining section 23, the compression finishing section 21 is used for reducing the volume of kitchen waste and preliminarily extruding excessive free water in the kitchen waste, the crushing and dewatering section 22 is used for crushing and dewatering the kitchen waste after preliminary finishing and dewatering to make the kitchen waste become slurry with fine dispersion, the refining section 23 further makes the kitchen waste slurry become biomass fuel slurry with uniform dispersion, the biomass kitchen waste slurry after being treated by the refining section 23 is pumped to the slurry injector 3 through a slurry pipeline 60 by a slurry pump 6, the biomass fuel is sprayed into a combustion chamber of the low-carbon boiler 1 through the slurry sprayer 3 and is combusted as biomass fuel, the slurry sprayer 3 can adopt a Venturi sprayer, the hydrogen-rich generator 4 sends hydrogen into the combustion chamber of the low-carbon boiler 1 for supporting combustion, the hydrogen-rich generator 4 is an electrolytic hydrogen-rich generator, the crushing and dewatering section 22 comprises a spiral extrusion dewaterer 91, a dewatering motor 92 and a dewatering reduction box 93, the spiral extrusion dewaterer 91 comprises an extrusion screw 98, a feed hopper 94 and a discharge bin 96, the radial dimension of the extrusion screw 98 is changed from the feed hopper 94 to the discharge bin 96 from small to large, a filter screen 97 is arranged on the periphery of the extrusion screw 98, a drain 95 for discharging sewage after extrusion is arranged at the bottom of the filter screen 97, and a continuous spiral blade 99 is arranged on the outer wall of the extrusion screw 98, the pitch of the continuous helical blade 99 is changed from big to small from the feed hopper 94 to the discharge hopper 96; the kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system further comprises a water inlet preheating heat exchanger 7, the low-carbon boiler 1 is provided with a smoke exhaust pipeline 5, a smoke heat recoverer 8 is arranged in the smoke exhaust pipeline 5, the smoke heat recoverer 8 is communicated with the hot side of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger 7 through a smoke hot water circulation pipeline 50 to heat circulating water in the smoke hot water circulation pipeline 50, a circulating pump 12 is arranged on the smoke hot water circulation pipeline 50 between the hot side outlet of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger 7 and the smoke heat recoverer 8, the smoke heat recoverer 8 is a smoke condenser, not only can fully absorb sensible heat of smoke in the smoke exhaust pipeline 8, but also can absorb latent heat of smoke, so that the waste heat recovery utilization rate is higher, the cold side of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger 7 is introduced into a water inlet of the low-carbon boiler 1 through a water inlet pipeline 10, and water is in the water inlet preheating heat exchanger 7 and exchanges heat with hot water in the smoke hot water Preheating, wherein a water inlet pump 11 is arranged on the water inlet pipeline 10; in the present invention, each pipeline should be provided with a corresponding valve device and a related sensor device for temperature, water level, etc. as required, so as to facilitate control, which can be set and adjusted as required by those skilled in the art, and will not be described herein again.
When the screw extrusion dehydrator 91 works, after materials enter the feed hopper 94, partial free water in the materials is separated from solid kitchen waste under the action of gravity, the materials are discharged through the filter screen 97, the rest kitchen waste is decelerated by the dehydration motor 92 through the dehydration reduction box 93 to drive the extrusion screw 98 to rotate, so that the materials are pushed to the discharge end, the extrusion screw 98 is of a variable-pitch and variable-shaft-diameter structure, the volume between pitches is gradually reduced, when the continuous helical blades 99 push the materials to move forwards, the materials are extruded along with the reduction of the pitches and the increase of the shaft diameters, under the action of the reduction of the pitches and the variable distances, the materials in the screw extrusion dehydrator 91 are subjected to great pressure, the liquid part in the materials is extruded, namely, an oil-water mixture and partial fine slag flow out through the filter screen 97, and discharged through the drain outlet 95, and the slurry solid waste is collected in the discharge bin 96.
The invention overcomes the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, fully utilizes the boiler conditions in environmental places such as kitchens, takes the crushed, dehydrated and ground pulp kitchen waste as fuel according to local conditions, and sends the crushed, dehydrated and ground pulp kitchen waste to the low-carbon boiler for combustion, thereby not only being capable of well treating and converting the kitchen waste on site, having extremely high treatment speed, avoiding the complex transportation and treatment in the later period, but also changing waste into valuable, fully utilizing the heat value of biomass organic matters in the kitchen waste, saving the fuel of the low-carbon boiler, leading the low-carbon boiler to become boiler hot water, steam and the like and a waste combustor to be combined into a whole, and adopting the hydrogen-rich generating device to send hydrogen into a combustion chamber of the low-carbon boiler for combustion supporting, leading the hydrogen to be the most potential substitute energy widely considered as a high-quality clean energy source, and being beneficial to completely dry-pressing the kitchen waste in the low-carbon boiler, the heat energy is converted, so that the harmless treatment and resource utilization of the kitchen waste are realized, and multiple purposes are achieved; in addition, the high-temperature waste heat carried by the flue gas generated by the low-carbon boiler is further utilized to preheat the boiler inlet water, so that the heating efficiency of the boiler is improved, the energy is further saved, the waste of heat energy is avoided, and the heat damage to the environment is avoided; therefore, the invention has good effect of treating the kitchen waste, low use cost, energy consumption saving and good environmental protection.
The invention can be widely applied to the field of energy combustion.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a rich hydrogen energy combustion system of kitchen garbage which characterized in that: including low carbon boiler (1), kitchen garbage processor (2), thick liquids sprayer (3), rich hydrogen generating device (4), kitchen garbage processor (2) are in proper order including compression arrangement section (21), broken dehydration section (22), defibrination section (23), the living beings kitchen garbage thick liquids after defibrination section (23) are handled pass through thick liquids pump (6) and pump to thick liquids sprayer (3) through thick liquids pipeline (60), and pass through thick liquids sprayer (3) spout into burn as biomass fuel in the combustion chamber of low carbon boiler (1), rich hydrogen generating device (4) send into hydrogen be used for combustion-supporting in the combustion chamber of low carbon boiler (1).
2. The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system further comprises a water inlet preheating heat exchanger (7), the low-carbon boiler (1) is provided with a smoke exhaust pipeline (5), a smoke heat recoverer (8) is arranged in the smoke exhaust pipeline (5), the smoke heat recoverer (8) is communicated with the hot side of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger (7) through a smoke hot water circulation pipeline (50) so as to heat circulating water in the smoke hot water circulation pipeline (50), the cold side of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger (7) is introduced into the water inlet of the low-carbon boiler (1) through a water inlet pipeline (10), and water is fed into the water inlet preheating heat exchanger (7) and exchanges heat with hot water in the smoke hot water circulation pipeline (50) so as to be preheated.
3. The photo-thermal integrated hydrogen-rich dishwasher of claim 2, characterized in that: and a circulating pump (12) is arranged on the flue gas hot water circulating pipeline (50) between the hot side outlet of the water inlet preheating heat exchanger (7) and the flue gas heat recoverer (8).
4. The photo-thermal integrated hydrogen-rich dishwasher of claim 2, characterized in that: and a water inlet pump (11) is arranged on the water inlet pipeline (10).
5. The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the flue gas heat recoverer (8) is a flue gas condenser.
6. The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hydrogen-rich generator (4) is an electrolytic hydrogen-rich generator.
7. The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the low-carbon boiler (1) is provided with a hot water outlet (9), and the hot water outlet (9) is connected with a hot water supply pipeline (20).
8. The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: broken dehydration section (22) includes screw extrusion hydroextractor (91), dehydration motor (92), dehydration reducing gear box (93), screw extrusion hydroextractor (91) is including extrusion screw rod (98), feeder hopper (94), play feed bin (96), the radial dimension of extrusion screw rod (98) certainly feeder hopper (94) to go out feed bin (96) direction by little grow, extrusion screw rod (98) periphery is equipped with filter screen (97), filter screen (97) bottom is equipped with drain (95) that are used for discharging extrusion back sewage.
9. The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to claim 8, characterized in that: the outer wall of the extrusion screw rod (98) is provided with a continuous helical blade (99), and the pitch of the continuous helical blade (99) is from the feed hopper (94) to the discharge bin (96) from big to small.
10. The kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the slurry ejector (3) adopts a Venturi ejector.
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| CN202010963853.0A CN111998358A (en) | 2020-09-14 | 2020-09-14 | Kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system |
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| CN201392071Y (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2010-01-27 | 郑州市鼎力干燥设备有限公司 | Screw extruding dehydrator |
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| CN108826337A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-11-16 | 武汉烽火兴业节能环保科技有限公司 | A kind of boiler smoke-gas residual-heat recovering device |
| CN212565795U (en) * | 2020-09-14 | 2021-02-19 | 慧生能源科技有限公司 | Kitchen waste hydrogen-rich energy combustion system |
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- 2020-09-14 CN CN202010963853.0A patent/CN111998358A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN201392071Y (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2010-01-27 | 郑州市鼎力干燥设备有限公司 | Screw extruding dehydrator |
| CN102688876A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-09-26 | 张晓群 | Method for collecting, storing, transporting and treating kitchen waste |
| CN103084379A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-08 | 陈丰 | Environment-friendly comprehensive treatment method for kitchen garbage and waste oil |
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