CN111987792B - Power supply device and power supply method thereof - Google Patents

Power supply device and power supply method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111987792B
CN111987792B CN202010834513.8A CN202010834513A CN111987792B CN 111987792 B CN111987792 B CN 111987792B CN 202010834513 A CN202010834513 A CN 202010834513A CN 111987792 B CN111987792 B CN 111987792B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
bus
voltage
power supply
lithium battery
battery pack
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
CN202010834513.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN111987792A (en
Inventor
李晓斌
衣斌
张劲骁
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Beijing Baidu Netcom Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Baidu Netcom Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010834513.8A priority Critical patent/CN111987792B/en
Publication of CN111987792A publication Critical patent/CN111987792A/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0063—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/08—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems requiring starting of a prime-mover
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a power supply device and a power supply method thereof, which can be applied to technologies with higher uninterrupted power supply requirements, such as cloud computing or cloud service, and the like, and concretely comprises the following implementation scheme: the power supply equipment comprises a bus, a high-voltage direct-current converter and a battery module. The bus is used for being connected with the electric equipment to supply power to the electric equipment. The high voltage dc converter is connected to the bus and is configured to receive an external voltage and convert the external voltage to a dc voltage to be provided to the bus. The battery module is connected with the bus, and the battery module is configured to detect the voltage on the bus and supply power to the bus under the condition that the voltage on the bus is lower than a first preset voltage.

Description

Power supply device and power supply method thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of power supply, in particular to uninterrupted power supply technology of electric energy storage, voltage conversion and a data center.
Background
The data center is a core area for information integration and is provided with a load for carrying storage or calculation functions. In order to ensure the normal operation of the data center, the data center needs to have sufficient power supply guarantee. Typically, a data center will configure a generator set as a backup power source for providing a continuous supply of power to a load in the event of an abnormality in mains power. However, when the mains supply is abnormal, the power supply is switched from the mains supply to the generator set, and the start of the generator set has a certain delay, so that the load is in a power-off state during the delay. To avoid load outages caused by this delay, uninterruptible power supply equipment is also required to ensure continuity of load power supply during the delay.
In the related art, uninterruptible power supply equipment adopts a combination of a UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply ) and a lead-acid storage battery or a combination of HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) and the lead-acid storage battery. The uninterrupted power supply equipment in the related art has the technical problems of large occupied area, short service life, difficult operation and maintenance and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The power supply equipment and the power supply method thereof have the advantages of small occupied area, long service life and uninterrupted power supply for the data center.
According to a first aspect, there is provided a power supply apparatus comprising: the bus is used for being connected with the electric equipment to supply power to the electric equipment; a high voltage dc converter connected to the bus, the high voltage dc converter configured to receive an external voltage and convert the external voltage into a dc voltage to be provided to the bus; and the battery module is connected with the bus and is configured to detect the voltage on the bus and supply power to the bus under the condition that the voltage on the bus is lower than a first preset voltage.
According to a second aspect, there is provided a power supply method of the foregoing power supply apparatus, comprising: the high-voltage direct-current converter receives external voltage and converts the external voltage into direct-current voltage to be provided for the bus; the battery module detects the voltage on the bus; and under the condition that the voltage on the bus is lower than the first preset voltage, the battery module supplies power to the bus.
The technical problems of large occupied area and short service life of uninterrupted power supply equipment in the related technology are solved by adopting the technology disclosed by the application, and therefore, the occupied area can be reduced and the service life can be prolonged by adopting the power supply equipment consisting of high-voltage direct current and a lithium battery. Meanwhile, the battery module is directly connected to the bus, and power is not required to be supplied through high-voltage direct current, so that a power supply topological structure in power supply equipment can be simplified, the failure rate of the power supply equipment is reduced, and maintainability of the power supply equipment is improved.
It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following specification.
Drawings
The drawings are included to provide a better understanding of the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Wherein:
fig. 1A is a schematic view of an application scenario of a power supply apparatus and a power supply method thereof according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of a circuit configuration in the use scenario depicted in FIG. 1A;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an overall frame of a power supply device in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit configuration of a power supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic circuit configuration diagram of a power supply apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic circuit configuration diagram of a power supply apparatus according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present application; and
Fig. 10 is a flowchart of a power supply method of a power supply apparatus according to the present application.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which various details of the embodiments of the present application are included to facilitate understanding, and are to be considered merely exemplary. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the application. Also, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted in the following description for clarity and conciseness.
Fig. 1A is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a power supply device and a power supply method thereof according to an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 1B is a schematic diagram of a circuit configuration in the usage scenario described in fig. 1A. It should be noted that fig. 1A is only an example of an application scenario where an embodiment of the present application may be applied, so as to help those skilled in the art understand the technical content of the present application, but it does not mean that the embodiment of the present application may not be applied to other devices, systems, or scenarios.
As shown in fig. 1A to 1B, the application scenario 100 of this embodiment may include a power substation 110, a powered device 120, a power supply device 130, and a generator 140.
Wherein the power supply apparatus 130 includes a high voltage direct current converter (HVDC) and a battery module. The utility voltage provided by substation 110 may be converted to a dc voltage via a high voltage dc converter and supplied to powered device 120 via power supply 130. Similarly, the voltage provided by generator 140 may be converted to a DC voltage via a high voltage DC converter and power powered device 120 via power supply 130. In this scenario, generator 140 is configured to serve as a backup power source for substation 110, and to provide power to powered device 120 when the utility power fails.
The high-voltage direct-current converter specifically includes, for example, an inverter, a converter transformer, a smoothing reactor, a filter, a grounding electrode, a control protector, and the like. The high-voltage direct-current converter can adjust the output current and voltage according to the load connected with the power supply equipment, so as to convert the mains voltage or the voltage provided by the generator into the voltage meeting the load requirement.
Wherein, the electric equipment 120 may be, for example, a server configured for a data center, a database, a network switch, a network monitoring terminal, and other devices. The server may be a server of a distributed system or a server incorporating a blockchain. In an embodiment, the server may also be a cloud server, or an intelligent cloud computing server or intelligent cloud host with artificial intelligence technology.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the generator 140 may be, for example, a diesel generator or a gas generator, etc. As shown in fig. 1B, the generator 140 may be connected to a high voltage dc converter in the power supply 130, for example, through a switch 150, which is turned off when the mains supply provides voltage. When the mains supply fails, the electric equipment 120 of the data center can be supplied by switching the switch to an on state and starting the generator 140.
According to the embodiment of the application, in order to avoid the power failure of the electric equipment 120 caused by the start delay of the generator in the process of switching from the supply voltage of the commercial power to the supply voltage of the generator, the battery module in the power supply equipment 130 can be charged at the same time when the supply voltage of the commercial power is supplied, so that the electric equipment 120 can be supplied with power through the battery module under the condition that the high-voltage direct current converter is determined to be powered off.
According to the embodiment of the application, when the high-voltage direct current converter is adopted in the related technology, a lead-acid battery is generally adopted to form the battery module, but the lead-acid battery is generally large in size, short in service life, small in storage capacity and needs to be continuously float charged, so that the technical problems of poor maintainability, high operation cost and the like exist. In order to avoid the technical problems, the embodiment adopts the lithium battery which is gradually improved in terms of safety and performance to form the battery module. The lithium battery does not need to be charged in a floating way, and has the advantages of reduced cost year by year, long service life, easy maintenance and the like, so the lithium battery gradually becomes a new trend in data center application.
According to the embodiment of the application, since the power supply equipment adopts the high-voltage direct-current converter, UPS is not adopted. Therefore, the inversion link of converting direct current into alternating current can be canceled during voltage conversion. Therefore, the topology structure of the power supply equipment can be simplified, and the failure rate of the power supply equipment is reduced.
It should be noted that, in the case where the voltage output from the power distribution station 110 is large, a transformer may be added between the power distribution station 110 and the power supply device 130, so that the voltage output from the power distribution station 110 is adapted to the input voltage of the hvdc converter in the power supply device 130.
It should be noted that, in fig. 1A, the hvdc converter and the battery module are integrated in one cabinet, but in a practical scenario, the hvdc converter and the battery module may be integrated in different cabinets according to practical requirements, and the hvdc converter and the battery module are connected through a bus. The bus can be a Y-shaped bus, a main path of the Y-shaped bus is connected with the high-voltage direct-current converter, and two branches of the Y-shaped bus are respectively connected with the battery module and the power supply equipment.
It should be understood that the power supply device provided by the embodiment of the present application may be the power supply device 130 in fig. 1A, and the generator, the power distribution station and the electric equipment in fig. 1A are merely examples to facilitate understanding of the present application, which is not limited thereto.
The power supply device according to the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2 to 9 in the following application scenario described with reference to fig. 1A.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an overall frame of the power supply apparatus in the first embodiment according to the present application.
As shown in fig. 2, the power supply apparatus 200 of this embodiment includes a bus bar 210, a high voltage direct current converter (HVDC) 220, and a battery module 230. The number of the battery modules may be one or more, and the two battery modules shown in fig. 2 are only exemplary.
According to an embodiment of the application, bus bar 210 may include, for example, a first bus bar 211 and a second bus bar 212. The first bus bar 211 and the second bus bar 212 are used as a positive connection line and a negative connection line respectively, and a plurality of connection points are arranged on the first bus bar 211 and the second bus bar 212 and used as connection points of access equipment (such as a battery module, electric equipment and High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC)). Through the bus 210, the hvdc converter, the battery module and the electric device can be connected together as branch circuits respectively to realize distribution and transmission of voltage.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the hvdc converter 220 is connected to the bus 210. Specifically, the positive electrode of the hvdc converter 220 is connected to the first bus bar 211, and the negative electrode of the hvdc converter 220 is connected to the second bus bar 212. The hvdc converter 220 is configured to receive an external voltage (e.g., a voltage that may be supplied to a distribution substation or a voltage supplied to a generator) and convert the external voltage into a dc voltage to be supplied to the first bus 211 and the second bus 212, so that a potential difference exists between the first bus 211 and the second bus 212, thereby supplying power to electric devices connected to the first bus and the second bus. HVDC includes, for example, converters, converter transformers, smoothing reactors, filters, grounding poles, control protectors, etc. The converter may be a rectifier for converting alternating current into direct current. The converter transformer is used for realizing voltage conversion, so that the voltage obtained by conversion can meet the requirements of electric equipment. The smoothing reactor is used for reducing direct current ripple and inhibiting rapid increase of direct current fault current. The grounding electrode is used for clamping the neutral point potential of the power supply and providing a return path for direct current. The control protector is used for controlling the power, the current, the voltage and the like of direct current of the HVDC transmission and realizing the start and stop control of the direct current of the HVDC transmission.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the battery module 230 is connected with the bus bar 210. Specifically, the positive electrode of the battery module 230 is connected to the first bus bar 211, and the negative electrode of the battery module 230 is connected to the second bus bar 212, thereby forming a conductive loop including the battery module 230. The battery module 230 is configured to detect a voltage on the bus and determine whether the hvdc converter 220 can receive an external voltage according to the detected voltage. The battery module 230 may determine, for example, a potential difference between two wires respectively connected to the first bus bar and the second bus bar as a voltage on the bus bar. If the voltage on the bus is higher than the first preset voltage, it indicates that the hvdc converter 220 is capable of receiving the external voltage, and the battery module 230 is maintained in a standby state or a charging state in which the battery module is charged by the voltage on the bus. If the voltage on the bus is lower than the first preset voltage, it indicates that the hvdc converter 220 does not receive the external voltage, and the battery module 230 is configured to supply power to the bus in order to avoid power outage of the electric device 120 connected to the bus. For example, considering that the voltage output by the hvdc converter for supplying power to the consumer is generally greater than the voltage provided by the battery module 230, and that the voltage on the bus gradually decreases at the moment the hvdc converter cannot receive the external voltage, in order to enable the battery module 230 to supply power in time, the battery module 230 may determine that the hvdc converter 220 cannot receive the external voltage if it is determined that the voltage on the bus is lower than the rated voltage of the battery. Thus, the first preset voltage may be set according to the rated voltage of the battery module, for example. It is understood that the setting of the first preset voltage is merely an example to facilitate understanding of the present application, which is not limited thereto.
According to an embodiment of the present application, in order to be able to supply power to the bus bar, the battery module 230 of this embodiment should include at least a battery that can be used for charging. The battery in this embodiment may be, for example, a lithium battery, to improve maintainability, reduce the floor space of the power supply apparatus 200, and improve the service life of the power supply apparatus 200. The lithium battery included in the battery module 230 is, for example, a lithium battery pack including a plurality of lithium batteries, so as to meet the power consumption requirement of the electric device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit configuration diagram of a power supply apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present application.
According to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 3, the battery module 330 in the power supply apparatus 300 of this embodiment may include, for example, a lithium battery pack 331 and a power supply controller 332 in order to detect a voltage on a bus bar and to be able to supply power to the bus bar. It is understood that the number of the battery modules 330 in fig. 3 is merely an example, and the power supply apparatus 300 may include a plurality of battery modules 330 according to the power demand of the electric devices, and the plurality of battery modules 330 are respectively connected with the bus bars in parallel.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the lithium battery pack 331 includes a plurality of lithium batteries connected in series. The positive electrode of the lithium battery 331 is connected to the first bus bar 211, and the negative electrode of the lithium battery 331 is connected to the second bus bar 212, forming a conductive loop including the lithium battery. Illustratively, a positive connection point is provided on the first bus bar 211, a negative connection point is provided on the second bus bar 212, and the positive electrode of the lithium battery 331 is specifically connected to the positive connection point, and the negative electrode of the lithium battery 331 is specifically connected to the negative connection point.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the power controller 332 may employ, for example, a battery management system (BMS, bettery MANAGEMENT SYSTEM), and the power controller 332 is connected to both the first bus bar 211 and the second bus bar 212, and the voltage between the first bus bar 211 and the second bus bar 212 can be detected by a detection chip in the BMS. The power controller 332 may also be used to control the operating state of the lithium battery pack. For example, in the case where the voltage between the first bus bar 211 and the second bus bar 212 is lower than the aforementioned first voltage, the lithium battery pack is controlled to supply power to the first bus bar 211 and the second bus bar 212.
The power controller 332 may also be connected to the lithium battery 331, for example, for monitoring a State of Charge (SOC) of the lithium battery 331, according to an embodiment of the present application. The power controller 332 may determine the amount of power stored by the lithium battery pack based on, for example, the state of charge. According to the electric quantity, it can be determined whether the lithium battery 331 is in a power-shortage state or in a full state, and when the lithium battery is in the power-shortage state, the voltage between the first bus bar 211 and the second bus bar 212 is used to charge the lithium battery 331. The power shortage state may be, for example, a state in which the electric quantity is lower than a first preset electric quantity, and the first preset electric quantity may be, for example, an arbitrary value close to 0. The value of the first preset electric quantity can be set according to actual requirements. For example, to avoid a reduction in service life due to a long-term zero charge of the lithium battery pack, the first preset charge may be, for example, an arbitrary value that is less than 10% of the rated charge and greater than 5% of the rated charge. For example, the first preset electric quantity may also take a relatively large value, so as to ensure that the power supply duration of the lithium battery pack 331 when supplying power can meet the requirements, and may be set to a relatively large value such as 90%, 95%, 80% of the rated electric quantity.
In the case that the number of the battery modules 330 is one, as shown in fig. 3, the power controller 332 may be further connected to the hvdc converter 220, for example, and may be in communication with a control protector in the hvdc converter 220, according to an embodiment of the present application. Through the communication connection, when the lithium battery 331 is in a power failure state, a signal can be sent to the high-voltage direct-current converter 220, so that the high-voltage direct-current converter 220 can provide voltage for electric equipment and simultaneously charge the lithium battery in the battery module 330 by adjusting the output voltage or current.
Illustratively, the power controller 332 is further configured to: in case that the amount of electricity stored in the lithium battery pack is lower than the first preset amount of electricity, a charge request signal is transmitted to the high voltage dc converter 220. In the case that the hvdc converter 220 receives the external voltage, the current on the bus may be sensed according to a current sensor preset on at least one of the first bus 211 and the second bus 212 in response to the charging request signal; and then determining the output power of the high-voltage direct-current converter 220 according to the current on the bus and the output voltage of the high-voltage direct-current converter 220, and finally determining whether the current output power reaches the full-load power set in the control protector. In case the output power has not yet reached full power, the current of the HVDC transmission may be regulated first according to a current controller in the control protector, in order to regulate the power of the transmitted direct current. The charging signal is then fed back to the power controller 332. Upon receiving the charging signal, the power controller 332 may charge the lithium battery with the voltage between the first bus bar 211 and the second bus bar 212 in response to the charging signal.
The power supply device 300 of this embodiment may further include a display, where the display is connected to the power supply controller 332, and the power supply controller 332 may further send the detected power of the lithium battery pack to the display, so that the display may display the detected power of the lithium battery pack, so that a user may conveniently view information such as the power of the lithium battery pack.
Illustratively, to reduce the coupling of control and functionality between the battery module 330 and the hvdc converter 220, the battery module 330 in this embodiment may also be unnecessary to communicatively interact with the hvdc converter 220 when charging is desired, for example. Specifically, the power supply controller in the battery module may also automatically charge by using the voltage between the first bus and the second bus when the electric quantity of the lithium battery 331 is too low and is in a power failure state, by detecting that the voltage between the first bus and the second bus is not zero. In order to avoid that the electric equipment cannot work normally due to the charging of the battery module 330, the power supply device of the embodiment may further provide a first current sensor between the battery module 331 and the first bus 211 or the second bus 212, where the first current sensor is used for detecting the current on the conductive loop where the lithium battery pack 331 is located, and the first current sensor is connected with the high-voltage dc converter 220. As such, the hvdc converter 220 may determine that the lithium battery pack needs to be charged in response to determining that the current in the conductive loop of the lithium battery pack 331 is greater than zero according to the detection result of the first current sensor in the case where the power controller 332 charges the lithium battery pack 331 with the voltage between the first bus bar 211 and the second bus bar 212. Therefore, the output power of the lithium battery pack is adjusted according to the current on the bus, so that the output power of the lithium battery pack can meet the electricity demand of electric equipment and the charging demand of the lithium battery pack.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit configuration diagram of a power supply apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present application.
According to an embodiment of the present application, when the number of the battery modules 330 is more than one, as shown in fig. 4, the power supply apparatus 400 of this embodiment may further include a general controller 440. Each battery module 330 includes a power controller. The general controller 440 is connected with the hvdc converter 220 to instruct the power supply controller in the battery module to charge the lithium battery pack through communication with the hvdc converter 220.
According to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 4, a plurality of battery modules include power controllers connected in parallel. As such, multiple power controllers may each be in communication with overall controller 440. The power supply controller in each battery module is used for detecting the electric quantity of the lithium battery pack connected with the power supply controller.
Each power controller may be further configured to send a low battery alert to the overall controller if it is detected that the amount of power stored in the lithium battery pack is less than the first predetermined amount of power. The overall controller 440 may send a charge request signal to the hvdc converter 220 in response to the power controller 332 sending a low battery reminder. Similar to the foregoing description for the hvdc converter 220, the hvdc converter 220 may detect the current on the bus in response to the charging request signal, determine the output power from the current on the bus, and in case it is determined that the output power is smaller than the full power of the hvdc converter 220, feed back the charging signal to the overall controller. After receiving the charging signal, the overall controller 440 may send a charging command to the power supply controller that sent the low battery reminder. And after receiving the charging instruction, the power supply controller can respond to the charging instruction and charge the lithium battery pack connected with the power supply controller by utilizing the voltage between the first bus and the second bus.
Each power controller may also be used to detect the voltage of the connected lithium battery pack and feed back the charge and voltage of the connected lithium battery pack to the overall controller, for example. The overall controller may determine whether the lithium battery pack is in a power shortage state according to an amount of power of the lithium battery pack included in each of the plurality of battery modules. If at least one lithium battery pack is in a power shortage state, a charge request signal is transmitted to the high voltage dc converter 220. Similar to the foregoing description for the hvdc converter 220, the hvdc converter 220 may detect the usage power of the consumers in response to the charging request signal and feed back the charging signal to the overall controller in case the usage power of the consumers is smaller than the full power of the hvdc converter 220. After receiving the charging signal, the overall controller 440 may send a charging command to a power controller connected to the lithium battery pack in the power-off state. After receiving the charging instruction, the power supply controller can respond to the charging instruction and charge the lithium battery pack connected with the power supply controller by utilizing the voltage between the first bus and the second bus.
According to an embodiment of the present application, similar to the scheme in which the number of battery modules 330 is one in fig. 3, in order to reduce the coupling of control and functions between the battery modules and the hvdc converter, each of the plurality of battery modules may also need to be communicatively interacted with, for example, the hvdc converter when charging is required. Specifically, the power supply controller in each battery module can also automatically utilize the voltage between the first bus and the second bus to charge when the electric quantity of the lithium battery pack is too low and is in a power failure state, and the voltage between the first bus and the second bus is detected to be non-zero. In order to avoid that the electric equipment cannot work normally due to the charging of the battery modules, the power supply equipment of the embodiment can be further provided with a first current sensor between each battery module and the bus. The high-voltage direct-current converter determines which lithium battery packs of the plurality of lithium battery packs need to be charged according to a first current sensor arranged between each battery module and the bus. Therefore, the output power of the lithium battery pack is adjusted according to the current on the bus, so that the output power of the lithium battery pack can meet the electricity demand of electric equipment and the charging demand of the lithium battery pack.
According to the embodiment of the application, in order to facilitate uniform control of charging and discharging of a plurality of lithium battery packs, the overall controller in fig. 4 may be further configured to obtain, through interaction with a power controller in each battery module, an electric quantity and a voltage of the lithium battery pack connected with the power controller, which are detected by the power controller in each battery module.
In order to ensure balanced charge and discharge among the plurality of battery modules, the overall controller may be configured, for example, to: when the voltage between the first bus and the second bus is lower than a first preset voltage (i.e. when the battery cannot be charged by external voltage), at least one battery module is selected from the plurality of battery modules as the charged device according to the received voltage or electric quantity of the battery modules, and at least one other battery module is selected as the charged device. And sending a charging instruction to a power supply controller connected with the charged equipment and sending a discharging instruction to the power supply controller connected with the charged equipment.
The method includes the steps that when a total controller determines that a difference between an electric quantity stored in a lithium battery pack included in a first battery module and an electric quantity stored in a lithium battery pack included in a second battery module in a plurality of battery modules is larger than a preset electric quantity difference value or a difference between a voltage of the lithium battery pack included in the first battery module and a voltage of a lithium battery included in the second battery module is larger than a preset voltage difference value, a power supply instruction is sent to a power supply controller included in the first battery module, and a charging instruction is sent to the power supply controller included in the second battery module. The first battery module and the second battery module may be any two different battery modules of the plurality of battery modules.
Accordingly, the power controller of each battery module may be further configured to: the voltage and/or charge of the connected lithium battery pack is provided to the overall controller. Responding to the charging instruction, controlling the lithium battery pack to charge the lithium battery pack by utilizing the voltage between the first bus and the second bus; and controlling the lithium battery pack to supply power to the first bus and the second bus in response to the power supply instruction. The preset power difference may be set according to actual requirements, for example, may be set to a value of 80%, 90% or the like of the rated power that is greater than 50% of the rated power. Therefore, the lithium battery pack with high electricity quantity can supply electricity to the lithium battery pack with low electricity quantity through the control of the master controller, and the balance of the electricity quantity among the lithium battery packs is ensured.
Similarly, when a plurality of battery modules supply power to the bus bars at the same time, the overall controller may also control only the lithium battery pack with high power to supply power to the bus bars based on a similar principle.
According to an embodiment of the present application, after charging the lithium battery pack, the hvdc converter 220 may be set with a period of time for maintaining the current transmission power, for example, to avoid an overcharge condition. The time period may be determined, for example, according to the energy storage size of the lithium battery pack, and the rated charging voltage and the rated charging current of the lithium battery pack.
According to the embodiment of the application, the battery module can be provided with a switch, for example, so as to avoid the overcharge condition and facilitate the battery module to flexibly control the charge and discharge according to the instruction of the overall controller. In view of the power supply controller being able to monitor the electrical quantity of the lithium battery pack, the switching circuit may be connected to the power supply controller such that the power supply controller is able to control the switching off and on of the switch. Therefore, after the lithium battery pack is charged, the power supply controller controls the switch to be turned off, so that the lithium battery pack cannot be charged due to the fact that the conductive loop is disconnected.
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit configuration diagram of a power supply apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present application.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the power supply apparatus may further provide a switching circuit in the battery module on the basis that the aforementioned battery module includes a lithium battery pack and a power supply controller. Through the switch circuit, under the condition that the electric quantity of the lithium battery pack is lower than the second preset electric quantity, the battery module can only charge by utilizing the voltage between the first bus and the second bus, and cannot supply power to the first bus and the second bus. And under the condition that the electric quantity of the lithium battery pack is higher than the third preset electric quantity, the battery module can only supply power to the first bus and the second bus, and cannot be charged by using the voltage between the first bus and the second bus. Therefore, the over-discharge condition that the power supply is maintained and the electric quantity of the lithium battery pack is low during power supply can be avoided while the over-charge condition is avoided. The second preset electric quantity can be, for example, a value equal to the first preset electric quantity, or can be set according to actual requirements. The third preset power amount may be, for example, a value close to 100% of the rated power amount but less than 100% of the rated power amount. The third preset electric quantity may be, for example, a value equal to or greater than 95% of the rated electric quantity.
As shown in fig. 5, the battery module 530 in the power supply apparatus 500 of this embodiment may include a switching circuit 533 in addition to the lithium battery pack 331 and the power supply controller 332. The switching circuit is connected between the lithium battery 331 and the first bus bar 211, or between the lithium battery 331 and the second bus bar 212. In order to realize control of the switching circuit 533 by the power supply controller 332, the switching circuit 533 is also connected to the power supply controller. The power controller 332 can control the flow direction of the current in the conductive loop including the lithium battery pack 331 by controlling the switching circuit 533.
It is to be understood that fig. 5 shows a circuit configuration diagram when a switching circuit is provided in the case where two battery modules are included in the power supply apparatus. Based on the same principle, when one battery module or more than two battery modules are included in the power supply apparatus, a switching circuit similar to the switching circuit described in fig. 5 may be provided in each battery module as well, and will not be described again.
According to the embodiment of the application, in order to avoid damaging capacitive electric equipment due to overlarge output current when the battery module is started. The switching circuit in this embodiment may be provided with a sub-circuit comprising a resistor, thereby limiting the magnitude of the current in the conductive loop. Meanwhile, in order to meet the electricity demand of the electric equipment with high rated current, a sub-circuit which does not comprise a resistor can be arranged in the switch circuit. In order to achieve switching of the two sub-circuits, both the sub-circuit comprising the resistor and the sub-circuit not comprising the resistor may be provided with contactors for achieving the switching-off and switching-on actions. The contactors in the two sub-circuits are connected with the power supply controller, so that the automatic switching of the two sub-circuits is realized through the control of the power supply controller on the contactors.
The circuit structure of the battery module provided with the switching circuit will be described in detail with reference to fig. 6 to 7.
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery module according to a fifth embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 6, in one embodiment, the battery module 630 includes a switching circuit and a current sensor 634 in addition to the lithium battery pack 331 and the power controller 332. The switching circuit includes a first switching sub-circuit 6331 and a second switching sub-circuit 6332. A current sensor 634 is connected in the conductive loop including the lithium battery pack for sensing the magnitude of the current in the conductive loop.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 6, a switching circuit is connected between the lithium battery pack 331 and the first bus bar 211. The first switching sub-circuit 6331 includes a second contactor KM2, a third contactor KM3, a first diode D1, and a second diode D2. The first end of the second contactor KM2 is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery 331, and the control end of the second contactor KM2 is connected to the power controller 332. The first diode D1 is connected in parallel with the second contactor KM2, specifically, the anode of the first diode D2 is connected to the first end of the second contactor KM1, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the second end of the second contactor KM 2. The first end of the third contactor KM3 is connected to the second end of the second contactor KM2, the second end of the third contactor KM3 is connected to the first bus 211, and the control end of the third contactor KM3 is connected to the power controller 332. The positive pole of the second diode D2 is connected to the first end of the third contactor KM3, and the negative pole of the second diode D2 is connected to the second end of the third contactor KM 3. By this arrangement of the first switching sub-circuit 6331, the power supply controller 332 may turn on by controlling the second contactor KM2 and the third contactor KM3 in a short-circuited state of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 during the power supply of the lithium battery 331 to the first bus bar and the second bus bar or during the charging with the voltage between the first bus bar and the second bus bar, forming a conductive loop including the lithium battery 331, the second contactor KM2 and the third contactor KM 3. If the power controller 332 monitors that the power of the lithium battery 331 is lower than the second preset power during the power supply process, in order to avoid overdischarge, the power controller 332 may control the third contactor KM3 to be turned off, so that the current in the conductive loop is allowed to flow out of the first bus 211, then flows to the lithium battery 331 via the second diode D2, and cannot flow to the first bus 211 via the first diode D1. If the power controller 332 monitors that the electric power of the lithium battery 331 is higher than the third preset electric power during the charging process, in order to avoid overcharging, the power controller 332 may control the second contactor KM2 to be turned off, so that the current in the conductive loop is allowed to flow to the first bus bar 211 via the first diode D1, but cannot flow to the lithium battery 331 via the second diode D2 after flowing out from the first bus bar 211.
For example, a switching circuit may also be connected between the lithium battery 331 and the second bus bar 212. This embodiment differs from the previous embodiment in which the switching circuit is connected between the lithium battery pack and the first bus bar in that the first end of the second contactor KM2 is connected with the negative electrode of the lithium battery pack 331 and the second end of the third contactor KM3 is connected with the positive electrode of the second bus bar 212. In the power supply process, when the power controller 332 monitors that the electric quantity of the lithium battery 331 is lower than the second preset electric quantity, the power controller 332 may control the second contactor KM2 to be turned off, so that the current in the conductive loop is allowed to flow to the second bus 212 via the first diode D1, but cannot flow to the lithium battery 331 via the second diode D2 after flowing out of the second bus 212. If the power controller 332 monitors that the electric power of the lithium battery 331 is higher than the third preset electric power during the charging process, the power controller 332 may control the third contactor KM3 to be turned off, so that the current in the conductive loop is allowed to flow out of the second bus 212, then flows to the lithium battery 331 via the second diode D2, and cannot flow to the second bus 212 via the first diode D1.
The second switching sub-circuit 6332 may include a first contactor KM1 and a resistor R, for example. When the switch circuit is connected between the battery module 331 and the first bus 211, the first end of the first contactor KM1 is connected with the positive electrode of the lithium battery 331; the control terminal of the first contactor KM1 is connected to the power controller 332. One end of the resistor R is connected with the first bus 211, and the other end of the resistor R is connected with the second end of the first contactor KM 1. The power supply controller is further configured to: in case the current in the conductive loop is greater than the first preset current, the first contactor KM1 is controlled to be turned on to turn on the second switch sub-circuit 6332. At this time, in order to turn off the first switching sub-circuit 6331, the power supply controller may simultaneously turn off the second contactor KM2 and the third contactor KM3. The first preset current may be set according to an actual requirement, for example, may be set according to a starting current of the electric device or a rated current of the lithium battery 331 during charging, which is not limited in the present application.
It is understood that when the switch circuit is connected between the battery module 331 and the second bus bar 212, the first end of the first contactor KM1 in the second switch sub-circuit 6332 should be connected to the negative electrode of the lithium battery 331, and one end of the resistor R should be connected to the second bus bar 212.
It will be appreciated that the positions of the first contactor KM1 and the resistor R may be interchanged, for example, as in fig. 6. After the positions are exchanged, the resistor R is connected with the anode of the battery module 331, and the first contactor KM1 is connected with the first bus 211; or the resistor R is connected to the negative electrode of the battery module 331, and the first contactor KM1 is connected to the second bus 212.
For example, in order to avoid the situation that the capacitive electric device is damaged due to the excessive output current when the battery module is started, the first contactor KM1, the second contactor KM2 and the third contactor KM3 in the battery module are turned on in the initial state of the power supply device start. After a predetermined period of time (the predetermined period of time may be set according to the start-up time of the electric device), the power controller controls the first contactor KM1 to be turned off, and controls the second contactor KM2 and the third contactor KM3 to be turned on.
According to the embodiment of the application, when the power supply equipment comprises a plurality of battery modules, the total controller can monitor the electric quantity stored in the lithium battery pack in each battery module. When the battery module is started, in order to ensure the electric quantity balance among the plurality of lithium battery packs, the total controller can also control the lithium battery pack with larger electric quantity to supply power to the lithium battery pack with small electric quantity. For example, the power supply controller in the first battery module with larger electric quantity can respond to the power supply instruction to control the second contactor KM 2in the first switch sub-circuit of the first battery module to be turned off, and the third contactor KM3 to be kept turned on. The power supply controller in the second battery module with smaller electric quantity can respond to the charging instruction to control the third contactor KM3 in the first switch sub-circuit of the second battery module to be turned off and keep the second contactor KM2 to be turned on. In an embodiment, in order to avoid that the charging current of the second battery module is too large when the first battery module charges the second battery module, the second battery module may also turn off the second contactor KM2 and the third contactor KM3 in response to the charging instruction, and turn on the first contactor KM1. In this way, the second switch sub-circuit 6332 can avoid the situation that the charging current flowing to the lithium battery pack with smaller electric quantity is too large, so as to avoid damage of the large current to other devices (such as fuses and the like) in the battery module where the lithium battery pack with smaller electric quantity is located.
According to the embodiment of the application, when the power supply equipment comprises a plurality of battery modules, the total controller can monitor the electric quantity stored in the lithium battery pack in each battery module. In order to make the electric quantity stored in the lithium battery packs in different battery modules uniform, the overall controller can also control the lithium battery pack with large electric quantity to charge the lithium battery pack with small electric quantity. In this process, the second switch sub-circuit 6332 may further avoid the situation that the charging current flowing to the lithium battery pack with small electric quantity is too large due to the too large voltage difference between the lithium battery pack with large electric quantity and the lithium battery pack with small electric quantity, and thus avoid the damage of the large current to other devices (such as fuses and the like) in the battery module where the lithium battery pack with small electric quantity is located.
Fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery module according to a sixth embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 7, in one embodiment, the battery module 730 includes a switching circuit including a first switching sub-circuit 7331 and a second switching sub-circuit 7332, and a current sensor 734 in addition to the lithium battery pack 331 and the power controller 332. A current sensor 734 is connected in the conductive loop including the lithium battery pack for sensing the magnitude of the current in the conductive loop.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 7, the first switching sub-circuit 7331 includes a fourth contactor KM4 and a bidirectional direct current converter (bidirectional DC/DC). The first end of the fourth contactor KM4 is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery 331, and the control end of the fourth contactor KM4 is connected to the power controller 332. The first end of the bidirectional dc converter is connected to the second end of the fourth contactor, the second end of the bidirectional dc converter is connected to the negative electrode of the lithium battery 331, the third end of the bidirectional dc converter is connected to the first bus 211, and the fourth end of the bidirectional dc converter is connected to the second bus 212. By the arrangement of the first switching sub-circuit 7331, the fourth contactor KM4 is turned on during the process of supplying power to the first bus bar and the second bus bar or during the process of charging with the voltage between the first bus bar and the second bus bar by the lithium battery pack. If the power controller 332 monitors that the power level of the lithium battery 331 is lower than the second preset power level during the power supply process, in order to avoid overdischarge, the power controller 332 may control the bidirectional dc converter to allow the current on the conductive loop to flow in a first direction, which is a direction from the third terminal of the bidirectional dc converter to the first terminal of the bidirectional dc converter and from the second terminal of the bidirectional dc converter to the fourth terminal of the bidirectional dc converter, without allowing the current on the conductive loop to flow in a second direction opposite to the first direction. If the power controller 332 monitors that the power level of the lithium battery 331 is higher than the third preset power level during the charging process, the power controller 332 may control the bi-directional dc converter to allow the current on the conductive loop to flow in a second direction opposite to the first direction, but not allow the current on the conductive loop to flow in the first direction in order to avoid overcharging or responding to the power supply command.
For example, in the connection relationship between the first switch sub-circuit 7331 and the lithium battery pack 331, the first end of the fourth contactor KM4 may be connected to the negative electrode of the lithium battery pack 331, and the second end of the fourth contactor KM4 may be connected to the third end of the bi-directional dc converter.
Illustratively, the second switch sub-circuit 7332 is similar to the second switch sub-circuit 6332 described above, including the first contactor KM1 and the resistor R. When the first end of the fourth contactor KM4 is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery 331, the first end of the first contactor KM1 is connected to the positive electrode of the lithium battery 331, one end of the resistor R is connected to the second end of the first contactor KM1, and the other end of the resistor R is connected to the first end of the bidirectional dc converter. The power supply controller is further configured to: in case the current in the conductive loop is greater than the first preset current, the first contactor KM1 is controlled to be turned on to turn on the second switch sub-circuit 7332. At this time, in order to turn off the first switching sub-circuit 7331, the power supply controller may turn off the fourth contactor KM4.
It can be understood that when the first end of the fourth contactor KM4 is connected to the negative electrode of the lithium battery 331, the first end of the first contactor KM1 is connected to the negative electrode of the lithium battery 331, one end of the resistor R is connected to the second end of the first contactor KM1, and the other end of the resistor R is connected to the third end of the bidirectional dc converter.
It will be appreciated that the positions of the first contactor KM1 and the resistor R may be interchanged, for example, as in fig. 7. After the positions are exchanged, the resistor R is connected with the anode of the battery module 331, and the first contactor KM1 is connected with the first end of the bidirectional direct current converter; or the resistor R is connected to the negative electrode of the battery module 331, and the first contactor KM1 is connected to the third terminal of the bi-directional dc converter.
According to the embodiment of the application, in order to avoid shortening the life of the lithium battery in the battery module due to the fact that the current in the conductive loop is longer than the rated current of the lithium battery pack, a fuse can be arranged in the battery module. In order to further improve the maintainability of the battery module, a fuse may be provided between the bus bar and other devices in the battery module, for example.
Fig. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery module according to a seventh embodiment of the present application.
According to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 8, the battery module 830 of the embodiment, compared with the aforementioned battery module 630, further includes a first fuse 835, wherein a first end of the first fuse 835 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery module, and a second end of the first fuse 835 is connected to the first bus bar. In one embodiment, the first end of the first fuse 835 may be connected to the second end of the third contactor KM3, for example. When the current flowing into the conductive loop from the first bus bar is large, the temperature of the first fuse 835 is increased due to heat accumulation, and when the temperature reaches the fusing condition, the first fuse 835 fuses, so that the long-term circulation of large current in the conductive loop can be avoided.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the battery module 830 of this embodiment may be provided with the second fuse 836 instead of the first fuse 835, for example. The first end of the second fuse 836 is connected to the negative electrode of the battery module, specifically, may be connected to the negative electrode of the lithium battery pack. A second end of the second fuse 836 is connected to the second bus bar. When the current flowing from the second bus bar into the conductive circuit is large, the second fuse 836 is raised in temperature due to accumulation of heat, and when the temperature reaches the fusing condition, the second fuse 836 fuses, so that a long-term flow of a large current into the conductive circuit can be avoided.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the battery module 830 of this embodiment may be provided with both the first fuse 835 and the second fuse 836, for example. Therefore, the double protection effect on the battery module is achieved.
It will be appreciated that in the case where the power supply apparatus includes a plurality of battery modules, the present embodiment may use the setting position of at least one of the first fuse 835 and the second fuse 836 as the break point at the time of maintenance detection of the battery modules by setting the at least one of the first fuse 835 and the second fuse 836. The whole battery module can be separated from the power supply equipment through the break point, and the battery module can be subjected to any maintenance operation.
According to the embodiment of the application, in an example scene, if a plurality of groups of battery modules are required to be arranged, in order to improve the convenience of connection between the battery modules and the bus and the neatness of wiring, the first fuses and the second fuses of the plurality of battery modules can be arranged at different connection points of the bus in the same cabinet. Therefore, the cabinet provided with other devices in the battery module is connected with the first fuse and the second fuse, and the battery module can be connected with the bus.
According to the embodiment of the application, the safety of replacing the fuse is improved while the battery module is protected by providing the fuse. In the embodiment, the fuse can be arranged between any two lithium batteries in the position range of the arrangement of the plurality of lithium batteries in the lithium battery pack, so that the lithium battery pack is divided into two groups, and the voltage values at two sides of the fuse are reduced. Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, the plurality of lithium batteries includes a first group of lithium batteries 8311 and a second group of lithium batteries 8312, and the battery module 830 further includes a third fuse 837, and the third fuse 837 is connected between the first group of lithium batteries and the second group of lithium batteries.
For example, to effectively reduce the voltage value across the fuse, the number of lithium batteries in the first set of lithium batteries may be close to or equal to the number of lithium batteries in the second set of lithium batteries. In one embodiment, the first and second sets of lithium batteries may be obtained by equally dividing a plurality of lithium batteries.
According to the embodiment of the application, considering the accumulation of heat required by the fusing of the fuse, when the lithium battery pack is protected by the fuse, the situation that the shutdown delay of the conductive loop is long due to the fact that the current is lower than the preset current, and the protection of the lithium battery pack is poor in timeliness may exist. To avoid this, as shown in fig. 8, the battery module 830 of this embodiment may be provided with a circuit breaker 838, for example. The circuit breaker 838 may break if the current in the conductive loop is greater than a second preset current. The second preset current may be set according to a rated current of the lithium battery pack.
For example, the circuit breaker 838 may take a single break configuration, i.e., the circuit breaker 838 has a pair of contacts that are connected between the lithium battery pack and the switching circuit, for example.
The circuit breaker 838 may, for example, take the form of a double breakpoint configuration as shown in fig. 8, i.e., including a first pair of contacts 8381 and a second pair of contacts 8382. When the switching circuit is connected between the lithium battery pack and the first bus bar, the first pair of contacts 8381 of the circuit breaker 838 is connected between the positive electrode of the lithium battery and the switching circuit, and the second pair of contacts 8382 is connected between the negative electrode of the lithium battery and the second bus bar. When the current in the conductive loop is greater than the second preset current, the two contacts of the first pair of contacts 8381 are electrically isolated from each other while the two contacts of the second pair of contacts 8382 are electrically isolated from each other, thereby breaking the conductive loop.
It will be appreciated that in order to form a closed circuit during the powering and charging of the battery module, the two contacts included in each pair of contacts in the circuit breaker are in electrical contact in the usual case.
According to the embodiment of the application, in order to avoid the problem that the service life of the lithium battery in the battery module is shortened due to higher temperature caused by more heat generation in the process of supplying or charging the battery module. The battery module of the embodiment may further be provided with a temperature sensor and a radiator. A temperature sensor may be provided in the lithium battery pack for sensing a temperature of the lithium battery pack. The temperature sensor may be coupled to the power controller to transmit the sensed temperature to the power controller. The radiator can be connected with the power supply controller to radiate heat of the battery module under the control of the power supply controller. Specifically, the power supply controller is further used for controlling the radiator to radiate heat of the battery module when the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor is greater than a preset temperature.
According to the embodiment of the application, when the bidirectional direct current converter is used in the switching circuit, more heat is generated by the bidirectional direct current converter. In order to avoid the damage of the bidirectional dc converter caused by the high temperature, the present embodiment may provide a heat sink near the installation location of the bidirectional dc converter. Or the radiator may be disposed at any position between the lithium battery pack and the bidirectional direct current converter in order to further radiate heat from the lithium battery pack.
Fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of a battery module according to an eighth embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 9, the battery module 930 of this embodiment may include a temperature sensor and a heat sink 938, for example. The temperature sensor may be disposed near the bi-directional dc converter or in the lithium battery pack, and connected to the power controller 332. The heat sink 938 is disposed near the bi-directional dc converter or anywhere between the lithium battery pack and the bi-directional dc converter. The heat sink is connected to the power controller 332. The power controller 332 may control the radiator to radiate heat from the battery module when the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor is greater than a preset temperature.
According to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 9, the lithium battery pack in the battery module 930 of the embodiment may be similar to the aforementioned lithium battery pack of fig. 8, and the lithium battery pack includes a plurality of lithium batteries divided into a first group of lithium batteries 9311 and a second group of lithium batteries 9312. A third fuse 937 is provided between the first set of lithium batteries 9311 and the second set of lithium batteries 9312. The third fuse 937 is similar to the third fuse 837 described above, and will not be described again.
According to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 9, the battery module 930 of the embodiment may include at least one of a first fuse 935 and a second fuse 936. The first fuse 935 is connected between the bi-directional dc converter and the first bus, and the second fuse 936 is connected between the bi-directional dc converter and the second bus. The operation principle of the first fuse 935 is similar to that of the first fuse 835 described above, and the operation principle of the second fuse 936 is similar to that of the second fuse 836 described above, and will not be described again.
According to an embodiment of the present application, the battery module 930 of this embodiment may further be provided with a circuit breaker similar to the circuit breaker 838 described above, and will not be described herein.
According to the embodiment of the application, the overall controller of the power supply device of the embodiment can also monitor the operation parameters such as current, voltage, temperature and the like acquired by the power supply controller in each battery module. And displayed to the user via the display. The general controller can pop up alarm information through a display under the condition of abnormal operation parameters, for example, so that a user can maintain the power supply equipment in time.
In summary, the embodiment of the application can be provided with devices such as a fuse, a breaker, a contactor and the like, and can realize multi-stage protection of larger current, thereby effectively improving the use reliability of power supply equipment. Furthermore, the battery module is directly connected to the bus, and the power manager is arranged in the battery module, so that the battery module does not need to output voltage through the high-voltage direct-current converter, the battery module and the high-voltage direct-current converter are independently controlled, and the coupling property of the battery module and the high-voltage direct-current converter is reduced.
The application also provides a power supply method of the power supply equipment. The method may be performed by the power supply device of any of the above embodiments.
Fig. 10 is a flowchart of a power supply method of a power supply apparatus according to the present application.
As shown in fig. 10, the power supply method of this embodiment may include operation S1020, operation S1040, and operation S1060.
In operation S1020, the hvdc converter receives an external voltage and converts the external voltage into a dc voltage to be provided to the bus. The external voltage may be a mains voltage provided by the power distribution station or a voltage provided by the generator.
In operation S1040, the battery module detects a voltage on the bus. The voltage between the first bus bar and the second bus bar may be detected specifically by a power supply controller connected to both the first bus bar 211 and the second bus bar 212.
In operation S1060, the battery module supplies power to the bus bar in case that the voltage on the bus bar is lower than a first preset voltage.
It should be appreciated that various forms of the flows shown above may be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present application may be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, provided that the desired results of the disclosed embodiments are achieved, and are not limited herein.
The above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives are possible, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims (11)

1. A power supply apparatus, characterized by comprising:
the bus is used for being connected with electric equipment to supply power to the electric equipment, and comprises a first bus and a second bus;
A high voltage dc converter connected to the bus, the high voltage dc converter configured to receive an external voltage and convert the external voltage into a dc voltage to be provided to the bus;
A plurality of battery modules connected with the bus bars, wherein the battery modules are configured to detect the voltage on the bus bars and supply power to the bus bars under the condition that the voltage on the bus bars is lower than a first preset voltage; the battery module includes: a lithium battery pack including a plurality of lithium batteries connected in series, a positive electrode of the lithium battery pack being connected to the first bus bar, a negative electrode of the lithium battery pack being connected to the second bus bar, thereby forming a conductive loop; the power supply controller is connected with the first bus, the second bus, the high-voltage direct-current converter and the lithium battery pack; the power controllers of the battery modules are connected in parallel; and a switching circuit connected between the lithium battery pack and the first bus or the second bus, and further connected with the power controller, the switching circuit configured to control the magnitude and direction of current in the conductive loop under the control of the power controller;
A general controller connected with the power controllers in parallel, the general controller being configured to receive a voltage or an electric quantity of the lithium battery pack provided by each power controller, select at least one battery module from the plurality of battery modules as a charged device based on the voltage or the electric quantity of the battery module, select at least another battery module as a charging device, and send a charging instruction to the power controller connected with the charged device, and send a discharging instruction to the power controller connected with the charged device, so that the charged device charges the charged device;
wherein the switching circuit includes:
A first switch sub-circuit connected between the first bus bar or the second bus bar and the lithium battery pack, wherein the first switch sub-circuit includes: the first end of the second contactor is connected with the positive electrode of the lithium battery pack, and the control end of the second contactor is connected with the power supply controller; the positive electrode of the first diode is connected with the first end of the second contactor; the cathode of the first diode is connected with the second end of the second contactor; the first end of the third contactor is connected with the second end of the second contactor, the second end of the third contactor is connected with the first bus, and the control end of the third contactor is connected with the power supply controller; the anode of the second diode is connected with the second end of the third contactor, and the cathode of the second diode is connected with the first end of the third contactor; and
A second switch sub-circuit connected in parallel with the first switch sub-circuit, the second switch sub-circuit comprising: the first end of the first contactor is connected with the positive electrode of the lithium battery pack; the control end of the first contactor is connected with the power supply controller; one end of the resistor is connected with the first bus, and the other end of the resistor is connected with the second end of the first contactor;
the battery module further comprises a second current sensor connected in the conductive loop and configured to detect the magnitude of current in the conductive loop;
The charging device connected power supply controller is further configured to: in response to the discharging instruction, controlling a second contactor in a first switch sub-circuit of the charging equipment and a first contactor in the second switch sub-circuit of the charging equipment to be turned off, and controlling a third contactor in the first switch sub-circuit of the charging equipment to be kept on;
the power supply controller to which the charged device is connected is configured to: and under the condition that the current in the conductive loop is larger than a first preset current, controlling the second contactor and the third contactor of the first switch sub-circuit of the charged equipment to be turned off, and controlling the first contactor of the second switch sub-circuit of the charged equipment to be turned on so as to avoid overlarge charging current flowing to the charged equipment from the charging equipment.
2. The power supply apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power supply controller is further configured to:
Detecting the voltage between the first bus and the second bus, and controlling the lithium battery pack to supply power to the first bus and the second bus under the condition that the voltage between the first bus and the second bus is lower than the first preset voltage; and
And detecting the electric quantity stored in the lithium battery pack, and charging the lithium battery pack by using the voltage between the first bus and the second bus under the condition that the electric quantity stored in the lithium battery pack is lower than a first preset electric quantity.
3. The power supply apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the power supply equipment further comprises a first current sensor connected with the high-voltage direct-current converter, wherein the first current sensor is arranged between the battery module and the first bus or the second bus and is used for detecting current on the conductive loop;
The high-voltage direct-current converter is configured to respond to the current in the conductive loop being greater than zero when the power supply controller charges the lithium battery pack by utilizing the voltage between the first bus and the second bus, detect the current on the bus, and adjust the output power according to the current on the bus so that the output power meets the electricity consumption of the electric equipment and the charging of the lithium battery pack.
4. The power supply apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the power supply controller of each battery module is further configured to: detecting the voltage of the connected lithium battery pack and providing the voltage or the electric quantity of the connected lithium battery pack to the master controller; controlling the lithium battery pack to charge the lithium battery pack by utilizing the voltage between the first bus and the second bus; and controlling the lithium battery pack to supply power to the first bus and the second bus.
5. The power supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein,
The power supply controller is further configured to: in the process of supplying power to the first bus and the second bus, under the condition that the electric quantity stored in the lithium battery pack is lower than a second preset electric quantity, the third contactor is controlled to be turned off; and in the process of charging the lithium battery pack by utilizing the voltage between the first bus and the second bus, controlling the second contactor to be turned off under the condition that the electricity stored in the lithium battery pack is higher than a third preset electricity.
6. The power supply apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first switching sub-circuit further comprises:
The first end of the fourth contactor is connected with the positive electrode of the lithium battery pack, and the control end of the fourth contactor is connected with the power supply controller;
A bidirectional DC converter, a first end of which is connected with a second end of the fourth contactor, a second end of which is connected with the negative electrode of the lithium battery pack, a third end of which is connected with the first bus bar, a fourth end of which is connected with the second bus bar,
The power supply controller is further configured to:
Controlling the bidirectional direct current converter to allow current on the conductive loop to flow in a first direction when the electric quantity stored in the lithium battery pack is lower than a second preset electric quantity in the process of supplying power to the first bus and the second bus, wherein the first direction is a direction from a third end of the bidirectional direct current converter to a first end of the bidirectional direct current converter and from a second end of the bidirectional direct current converter to a fourth end of the bidirectional direct current converter; and
And in the process of charging the lithium battery pack by utilizing the voltage between the first bus and the second bus, controlling the bidirectional direct current converter to allow the current on the conductive loop to flow in a second direction opposite to the first direction under the condition that the electric quantity stored in the lithium battery pack is higher than a third preset electric quantity.
7. The power supply apparatus of claim 2, further comprising at least one of the following fuses:
the first end of the first fuse is connected with the positive electrode of the battery module, and the second end of the first fuse is connected with the first bus;
And the first end of the second fuse is connected with the negative electrode of the battery module, and the second end of the second fuse is connected with the second bus.
8. The power supply apparatus of claim 2, wherein the plurality of lithium batteries includes a first set of lithium batteries and a second set of lithium batteries, the battery module further comprising:
and a third fuse connected between the first and second sets of lithium batteries.
9. The power supply apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the battery module further comprises:
a circuit breaker comprising a first pair of contacts connected between the positive pole of the lithium battery pack and the switching circuit and a second pair of contacts connected between the negative pole of the lithium battery pack and the second bus bar,
Wherein the circuit breaker is configured to electrically isolate the first pair of contacts from each other and to electrically isolate the second pair of contacts from each other if the current in the conductive loop is greater than a second preset current.
10. The power supply apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the battery module further comprises:
A temperature sensor connected with the power supply controller, the temperature sensor being configured to sense a temperature of the battery module; and
A radiator connected with the power supply controller,
Wherein the power supply controller is further configured to: and when the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor is greater than a preset temperature, controlling the radiator to radiate the heat of the battery module.
11. A power supply method of the power supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, comprising:
The high-voltage direct-current converter receives external voltage and converts the external voltage into direct-current voltage to be provided for the bus;
the battery module detects the voltage on the bus; and
And under the condition that the voltage on the bus is lower than a first preset voltage, the battery module supplies power to the bus.
CN202010834513.8A 2020-08-18 2020-08-18 Power supply device and power supply method thereof Active CN111987792B (en)

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