CN111976145A - Automatic shutdown method and device for 3D printer model falling off - Google Patents
Automatic shutdown method and device for 3D printer model falling off Download PDFInfo
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- CN111976145A CN111976145A CN202010688191.0A CN202010688191A CN111976145A CN 111976145 A CN111976145 A CN 111976145A CN 202010688191 A CN202010688191 A CN 202010688191A CN 111976145 A CN111976145 A CN 111976145A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/379—Handling of additively manufactured objects, e.g. using robots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
Abstract
The invention relates to a 3D printer model falling automatic shutdown method and a device, wherein a 3D printer comprises a shell, a printing mechanism, a sample table, a point-like laser emitter and a CCD image acquisition and processing system; the punctiform laser emitter is arranged in the right shell, laser light emitted by the punctiform laser emitter is just above the sample stage, and the punctiform laser emitter can move along the horizontal direction; the CCD image acquisition processing system is positioned on the left shell; the method comprises the following steps: the dot laser emitter is adjusted to a laser position before printing, the dot laser emitter is started after the first layer is printed, laser spot energy is detected in real time through the CCD image acquisition and processing system, and if the laser spot energy is detected to be larger than a threshold value, the 3D printer is automatically stopped. The invention avoids the situation that the printing is continued after the edge is warped in the sample printing process, saves energy and improves the printing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a 3D printer model falling automatic shutdown method and device.
Background
The 3D printing is a general name of an additive manufacturing technology in which materials are stacked layer by layer to manufacture a three-dimensional object, and is different from the traditional subtractive manufacturing, and the core principle thereof is as follows: and (4) manufacturing in a layered mode, and superposing layer by layer. Similar to the process of cylinder coordinate triple integration in higher mathematics. The 3D printing technology integrates machinery, materials, computers, communication, control technology and biomedical technology, has the advantages of shortening the development period of products, reducing the development cost, integrally manufacturing workpieces with complex shapes and the like, and can have important influence on the production mode of the manufacturing industry and the life style of human beings in the future.
The 3D printing is mainly divided into four steps: three-dimensional modeling, slicing, printing, and post-processing.
The steps are briefly introduced as follows:
three-dimensional modeling: the solid model of the part is created by Pro/E or other three-dimensional drawing software and saved into a corresponding format for importing into a printer. The standard file format for the collaboration between the design software and the printer is typically the STL file format
Slicing: due to the differences in the way described, 3D printers cannot directly manipulate 3D models. After the 3D model is input into a computer, it needs to be further processed by specialized software provided with a printer, i.e. the model is cut into layers of sheets, the thickness of each sheet being determined by the properties of the spray material and the specifications of the printer.
Printing: spraying or fusing the printing consumables into a two-dimensional space layer by a printer, spraying a layer of glue, and then removing a layer of powder on the glue; or melting the alloy material by high-energy laser to form a model layer by layer.
And (3) post-processing: the mold will typically have a burr or a rough cross-section after printing. The mold is then subjected to post-processing, such as curing, stripping, trimming, coloring, etc., to complete the desired mold.
Common materials for 3D printing at present mainly comprise ABS plastic, PLA plastic and the like.
(I) ABS plastics
ABS is the most widely used polymer with the largest output at present, organically integrates various performances of PS, SAN and BS, and has the characteristics of initial, hard and rigid properties. ABS is a terpolymer of acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene, A represents acrylonitrile, B represents butadiene and S represents styrene.
ABS plastics are generally opaque, have light ivory color in appearance, are nontoxic and tasteless, have excellent impact strength, good dimensional stability, electrical property, wear resistance, chemical resistance and dyeability, and are good in forming processing and machining.
② PLA plastic
PLA (polylactic acid) is a new type of biodegradable material made using starch feedstock proposed by renewable plant resources such as corn. The polylactic acid has good compatibility, degradability, mechanical property and physical property, is suitable for various processing methods such as blow molding, thermoplastic molding and the like, and has convenient processing and very wide application. Meanwhile, the paint also has good glossiness and transparency, and good tensile strength and extensibility.
The 3D printing technology mainly comprises SLA, FDM, SLS, LOM and other processes.
In recent years, 3D printing technology has been developed rapidly, has been developed in various fields, has become an effective means for manufacturing modern models, molds and parts, has been applied to certain fields such as aerospace, automobiles and motorcycles, household appliances, biomedicine and the like, and has a unique position in the fields of engineering, teaching research and the like. The specific application fields include:
1. and (3) mechanical manufacturing: 3D printing techniques manufacture aircraft parts, bicycles, rifles, racing car parts, and the like.
2. Medical industry: in the medical field, the technology of manufacturing the artificial tooth by means of 3D printing, the application of the bone joint technology such as the femoral head, the knee and the like is very wide, and the technology is more and more mature.
3. The construction industry: engineers and designers have accepted architectural models printed with 3D printers, which is fast, low cost, environmentally friendly, and elegant to make, completely meeting the designer's requirements, while saving a lot of materials.
4. The automobile manufacturing industry: housings for automatic transmissions are manufactured for automotive companies using 3D printing technology. The automobile company carries out various extreme-state sensing tests on the gearbox, and some parts are manufactured by a 3D printing method. After the sizing is finished, the die is opened, and then the mass production is carried out according to the traditional manufacturing method, so that the cost is greatly reduced.
5. And (3) education: the method can be applied to model verification scientific hypothesis and used for different subject experiments and teaching. In some schools, universities and military universities in north america, 3D printers have been used for teaching and scientific research.
6. A consumer product: can be applied to the design and manufacture of jewelry, costume, shoes, toys and creative DY works.
7. Cultural creativity and digital entertainment: can be used as an artistic expression vector with complex shape and structure and special material.
As the application field of 3D printing is more and more extensive, and has been applied to the fields of medical treatment, automobile manufacturing industry and the like, and is closely related to human health and safety, for example, in the prior art CN105327402B, a 3D printing bone defect filling material is used, CN105105853B discloses a method for manufacturing a bone surgery guide plate based on 3D printing, and CN107999750B discloses a method for manufacturing an automobile power generation precision mold by using 3D printing. Applications in these fields all put higher demands on the precision of the 3D printed finished product. In the 3D printing process, when consumables are heated in extrusion, the consumables have the expansion tendency, once in a molten state, plastics are deposited on a building platform layer by layer, when the molten plastics are cooled and solidified, the molten plastics can also shrink, when parts are printed, the first layers start to cool and shrink after being printed, the plastics are peeled off from the building platform, and further the edge warping condition is caused, the progress of printing finished products cannot meet the use requirement at the moment, but because 3D printing is generally that all printing programs are set in advance, the 3D printer can continuously print until the program execution is finished, and a large amount of materials and time are wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a 3D printer model dropping automatic stopping method.
A3D printer model falling automatic shutdown method is disclosed, the 3D printer comprises a shell, a printing mechanism, a sample table, a point-shaped laser emitter and a CCD image acquisition and processing system, and the CCD image acquisition and processing system is in communication connection with a PC terminal; transparent glass is arranged on four surfaces of the shell, the point-shaped laser emitter is arranged in the shell on the right side, laser rays emitted by the point-shaped laser emitter are just positioned above the sample table, and the point-shaped laser emitter can move along the horizontal direction; the CCD image acquisition processing system is positioned on the left shell;
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, before printing, the point-shaped laser emitter is adjusted to the position of the laser right at the inner side of the projection line of the sample on the right glass surface;
s2: starting printing, starting the point laser emitter after printing the first layer,
s3: and detecting the energy of the laser spot in real time through the CCD image acquisition processing system, and if the energy of the laser spot is detected to be larger than a threshold value, automatically stopping the 3D printer.
According to the invention, the point-like laser emitter is arranged at the edge part of the bottom of the sample, the CCD image processing system is arranged at the other side, and if the sample is not warped, the CCD cannot receive laser; if when the bottom of sample takes place to stick up the limit condition, laser will see through the gap and wear to transmit CCD image processing system one side, detects laser intensity through CCD image processing system, if laser energy is greater than a threshold value, the sample sticks up the limit and reaches certain degree promptly, then controls 3D printer automatic shutdown from this avoids taking place to stick up the condition of continuing to print after the limit at the sample printing in-process, greatly reduced the waste of material and time.
Further, the number of the point-like laser emitters is at least two.
Further, step S3 is to detect the laser spot energy in real time through the CCD image collecting and processing system, and if it is detected that the laser spot energy is greater than the threshold, the automatic shutdown of the 3D printer specifically includes:
the CCD collects laser signals, the laser signals are amplified and filtered, analog signals are converted into digital signals, the digital signals are transmitted to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor sends the signals to the PC.
Furthermore, a point-shaped laser emitter is arranged on the rear side shell, laser light emitted by the point-shaped laser emitter is just above the sample table, the point-shaped laser emitter can move along the horizontal direction, and a corresponding CCD image acquisition and processing system is arranged on the front side shell.
Further, the light spot energy is the weighted value of the CCD image acquisition processing system of the left side shell and the CCD image acquisition processing system of the front side shell.
Further, the weighting value is determined according to the specific shape of the sample.
The weighted value is determined according to the specific shape of the sample, the weighted value is determined by simultaneous detection from two directions and line transmission according to the sample, so that the detection of whether the sample is warped and falls off is more accurate.
The application also discloses 3D printer model auto-stop induction system that drops, it is applicable to the 3D printer that the shell is the cube, induction system is including setting up in the inside punctiform laser emitter of right side shell and the CCD image acquisition processing system who is located the left side shell, the PC end communication connection of CCD image acquisition processing system and control 3D printer, the laser light that punctiform laser emitter launched is located sample bench side just, punctiform laser emitter can remove along the horizontal direction.
The invention further discloses a 3D printer system which comprises a 3D printer, a feeding mechanism and a PC end, wherein the PC end, the feeding control mechanism and the 3D printer are connected, and the 3D printer comprises the model falling automatic stop sensing device.
The invention has at least the following advantages:
the invention utilizes the characteristic that laser linear propagation is not diffused, the design mechanism is ingenious and has high precision, all the used parts are convenient to purchase, and the cost is controllable because the laser linear propagation and the common printer can be additionally arranged.
The invention avoids the situation that the printing is continued after the edge is warped in the sample printing process, greatly reduces the waste of materials and time, saves energy and improves the printing efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating method steps according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an overall appearance structure of the 3D printer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a left side view of the 3D printer according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a CCD image acquisition processing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a 3D printer system according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a housing; 2. a printing mechanism; 3. a sample stage; 4. a spot laser transmitter; and 5, a CCD image acquisition and processing system.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a 3D printer model dropping automatic shutdown method, the 3D printer includes a housing 1, a printing mechanism 2, a sample stage 3, a dot laser emitter 4, and a CCD image acquisition processing system 5, the CCD image acquisition processing system 5 is in communication connection with a PC; transparent glass is arranged on four surfaces of the shell 1, the point-shaped laser emitter 4 is arranged in the shell on the right side, laser rays emitted by the point-shaped laser emitter 4 are just positioned above the sample stage, and the point-shaped laser emitter can move along the horizontal direction; the CCD image acquisition processing system is positioned on the left shell;
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, before printing, the point-shaped laser emitter is adjusted to the position of the laser right at the inner side of the projection line of the sample on the right glass surface;
s2: starting printing, starting the point laser emitter after printing the first layer,
s3: and detecting the energy of the laser spot in real time through the CCD image acquisition processing system, and if the energy of the laser spot is detected to be larger than a threshold value, automatically stopping the 3D printer.
The number of the point-shaped laser emitters is at least two, preferably 2, 4 or 6.
Step S3 is to detect the laser spot energy in real time through the CCD image acquisition processing system, and if it is detected that the laser spot energy is greater than the threshold, the automatic shutdown of the 3D printer specifically includes: the CCD collects laser signals, the laser signals are amplified and filtered, analog signals are converted into digital signals, the digital signals are transmitted to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor sends the signals to the PC.
In addition, a point-shaped laser emitter can be arranged on the rear side shell, laser rays emitted by the point-shaped laser emitter are just above the sample table, the point-shaped laser emitter can move along the horizontal direction, and a corresponding CCD image acquisition processing system is arranged on the front side shell. The light spot energy is the weighted value of the CCD image acquisition processing system of the left side shell and the weighted value of the CCD image acquisition processing system of the front side shell.
As shown in fig. 2-3, the 3D printer model dropping automatic shutdown sensing device is suitable for a 3D printer with a cubic shell, and comprises a dot-shaped laser emitter arranged inside a right-side shell and a CCD image acquisition and processing system located on a left-side shell, wherein the CCD image acquisition and processing system is in communication connection with a PC terminal controlling the 3D printer, laser light emitted by the dot-shaped laser emitter is located right above a sample stage, and the dot-shaped laser emitter can move in a horizontal direction.
As shown in fig. 5, the invention further discloses a 3D printer system, which comprises a 3D printer, a feeding mechanism and a PC end, wherein the PC end, the feeding control mechanism and the 3D printer are connected, and the 3D printer comprises the model falling automatic stop sensing device.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A3D printer model falling automatic shutdown method is characterized in that: the 3D printer comprises a shell, a printing mechanism, a sample table, a point-like laser emitter and a CCD image acquisition and processing system, wherein the CCD image acquisition and processing system is in communication connection with a PC (personal computer) end for controlling the 3D printer; transparent glass is arranged on four surfaces of the shell, the point-shaped laser emitter is arranged in the shell on the right side, laser rays emitted by the point-shaped laser emitter are just positioned above the sample table, and the point-shaped laser emitter can move along the horizontal direction; the CCD image acquisition processing system is positioned on the left shell;
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, before printing, the point-shaped laser emitter is adjusted to the position of the laser right at the inner side of the projection line of the sample on the right glass surface;
s2: starting printing, starting the point laser emitter after printing the first layer,
s3: and detecting the energy of the laser spot in real time through the CCD image acquisition processing system, and if the energy of the laser spot is detected to be larger than a threshold value, automatically stopping the 3D printer.
2. The 3D printer model drop auto-stop method according to claim 1, characterized in that: and at least two point-shaped laser transmitters are arranged.
3. The 3D printer model drop auto-stop method according to claim 1, characterized in that: step S3 is to detect the laser spot energy in real time through the CCD image acquisition processing system, and if it is detected that the laser spot energy is greater than the threshold value, the automatic shutdown of the 3D printer specifically includes: the CCD collects laser signals, the laser signals are amplified and filtered, analog signals are converted into digital signals, the digital signals are transmitted to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor sends the signals to the PC.
4. The 3D printer model drop auto-stop method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the back side shell is provided with a point-shaped laser emitter, laser rays emitted by the point-shaped laser emitter are just above the sample stage, the point-shaped laser emitter can move along the horizontal direction, and the front side shell is provided with a corresponding CCD image acquisition processing system.
5. The 3D printer model drop auto-stop method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the light spot energy is the weighted value of the CCD image acquisition processing system of the left side shell and the weighted value of the CCD image acquisition processing system of the front side shell.
6. The 3D printer model drop auto-stop method of claim 5, wherein: the weighting values are determined according to the specific shape of the sample.
7. The utility model provides a 3D printer model auto-stop induction system that drops, its is applicable to the 3D printer that the shell is the cube, induction system is including setting up the punctiform laser emitter in the inside of right side shell, and the CCD image acquisition processing system who is located the shell of left side, CCD image acquisition processing system and the PC end communication connection of control 3D printer, the laser light that punctiform laser emitter sent is located sample platform top just, punctiform laser emitter can remove along the horizontal direction.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein: the number of the point-shaped laser emitters is at least two.
9. The apparatus of claim 6 or 7, wherein: the back side shell is provided with a point-shaped laser emitter, laser rays emitted by the point-shaped laser emitter are just above the sample stage, the point-shaped laser emitter can move along the horizontal direction, and the front side shell is provided with a corresponding CCD image acquisition processing system.
10. A 3D printer system comprising a 3D printer, a feeding mechanism, a PC end, said PC end and said control feeding mechanism and 3D printer, said 3D printer comprising the model drop auto-stop sensing apparatus according to any of claims 7-9.
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