CN111946333A - Simple test and solution method for aquifer hydrogeological parameters under curtain grouting condition - Google Patents
Simple test and solution method for aquifer hydrogeological parameters under curtain grouting condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN111946333A CN111946333A CN202010628221.9A CN202010628221A CN111946333A CN 111946333 A CN111946333 A CN 111946333A CN 202010628221 A CN202010628221 A CN 202010628221A CN 111946333 A CN111946333 A CN 111946333A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D5/00—Lining shafts; Linings therefor
- E21D5/04—Lining shafts; Linings therefor with brick, concrete, stone, or similar building materials
Abstract
The invention provides a simple test and solution method for aquifer hydrogeological parameters under curtain grouting conditions, which comprises the following steps: 1) drilling and flushing the hole; 2) observing the initial water level of the hole to determine the initial water level H0(ii) a 3) Starting the water level sensor; 4) placing an object having a fixed volume into the water in the well; 5) observing the water level in the hole according to the interval of the observation time set in the step 3) until the water level is restored to the initial water level H0When the test is finished, the test is finished; 6) and (5) calculating a drilling water level depth value s according to the water level observed in the step 5), and solving the hydrogeological parameter by using the water level depth value s and the corresponding observation time t. The invention determines the water level of the drill hole by observing the recovery rule of the water level of the drill hole along with the time and fitting the standard curveHydrogeological parameters near the borehole. And a more reliable basis is provided for parameter design and construction of grouting curtain engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of constructional engineering, in particular to a simple test and solution method for hydrogeological parameters of a water-bearing stratum under a curtain grouting condition with a deviated shaft.
Background
The vertical shaft is used as a throat important path for the safe production of a coal mine, and not only is a main channel for transporting coal resources, but also a life hub for connecting underground workers with the ground. Since the inclined fracture accidents of the vertical shaft of the first thick unconsolidated layer occur in the auxiliary shaft of the double-storey coal mine in Xuzhou City in 1987, hundreds of similar inclined fracture accidents of the vertical shaft occur in the mine areas such as Xuhuai and the like in China, the safe production of the mine is seriously threatened, and huge economic loss is caused. In order to ensure the safety of a vertical shaft, curtain grouting is widely used at present to reinforce the shaft and surrounding rocks and enhance the mechanical strength and the shear resistance of the shaft and surrounding rocks. Before curtain grouting, hydrogeological parameters of a grouting layer position need to be simply tested and analyzed, so that important reference is provided for reasonable design of later grouting parameters (such as grouting pressure, grouting amount and the like). In many projects, a water pumping test is a common method for determining hydrogeological parameters of an aquifer, however, a large-depth-reducing water pumping test is carried out before a waterproof curtain, so that large fluctuation of a groundwater seepage field and a formation stress field is caused, and secondary damage of a grouting curtain is induced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simple method for testing and solving hydrogeological parameters of a water-bearing stratum under a curtain grouting condition, which is used for curtain grouting engineering of a newly tied bottom water-bearing stratum of a shaft of a certain coal mine vertical shaft. The method aims to provide a simple, convenient and reliable test method under the grouting curtain condition, and solves the hydrogeological parameters of the pre-grouting layer position by causing sudden change of water level around a drill hole in a water injection or weight placing mode, thereby providing more reliable basis for parameter design and construction of the grouting curtain engineering.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
1. a simple test and solution method for aquifer hydrogeological parameters under curtain grouting conditions comprises the following steps:
1) drilling and washing the hole, placing a filter tube at the position of the aquifer, and placing a sleeve at the position of the non-aquifer;
2) observing the initial water level of the hole to determine the initial water level H0；
3) Starting the water level sensor, setting the interval of observation time, putting the water level sensor into the water in the hole, and then carrying out stable water level observation;
4) placing an object having a fixed volume into the water in the well;
5) observing the water level in the hole according to the interval of the observation time set in the step 3) until the water level is restored to the initial water level H0When the test is finished, the test is finished;
6) and (5) calculating a drilling water level depth value s according to the water level observed in the step 5), and solving the hydrogeological parameter by using the water level depth value s and the corresponding observation time t.
Further, in the above method, in step 6), the hydrogeological parameter is calculated according to the following formula:
T＝rc 2/t (1)
K＝T/b (2)
s is water storage coefficient(ii) a K is the permeability coefficient; b is the thickness of the aquifer; t is time, the instant of water injection is the starting time, and t is 0; t is a water guide coefficient; r issIs the radius of the filter tube; r iscIs the radius of the cannula.
Further, in the above method, in the step 3), the interval of the observation time is 1 second, 5 minutes, and/or 10 minutes.
Further, in the above method, in the step 3), the water level sensor is completely submerged in the water, and the distance between the water level sensor and the water surface is more than or equal to 5 m.
Further, in the above method, in the step 4), the fixed-volume object is water, a tank filled with water, or a heavy object.
Further, in the above method, in the step 5), the water level is observed every 5 minutes for 30 minutes continuously; the water level was then observed every 10 minutes.
Further, in the above method, in the step 1), the pore diameter of the pore is 190mm, and the pore diameter of the filter tube is 139.7 ± 6.2 mm.
Further, in the above method, in the step 1), the well is washed with clean water for not less than 24 hours.
Further, in the above method, in the step 6), the hydrogeological parameters are solved by using a wire-line fitting method.
Further, in the above method, in the step 4), after the object with the fixed volume is put into the water in the hole, the rising amplitude of the water level in the hole is less than 25 m.
The method comprises the steps of instantaneously injecting a certain amount of water into a drill hole or putting a heavy object to cause sudden change of water level, observing the rule of recovery of the water level of the drill hole along with time, and fitting a standard curve to determine the hydrogeological parameters near the drill hole. And a more reliable basis is provided for parameter design and construction of grouting curtain engineering. The method is simple and practical, has strong application value and is convenient for wide popularization.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a water injection (weight) test for a borehole according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a drilling water level drawdown curve fit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1, hole; 2 an aqueous layer; 3, sleeving a sleeve; 4, a filter tube; 5 a water level sensor;
H0an initial water level; htIs the water level at time t; water level lowering value s ═ Ht/H0(ii) a When t is 0, the water level is Hmax；△H＝Hmax-H0；rsIs the radius of the filter tube; r iscIs the casing radius;
the direction indicated by the arrow is the direction of flow of the water.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. The various examples are provided by way of explanation of the invention, and not limitation of the invention. In fact, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope or spirit thereof. For instance, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment, can be used with another embodiment to yield a still further embodiment. It is therefore intended that the present invention encompass such modifications and variations as fall within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are for convenience of description of the present invention only and do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "connected," "connected," and "disposed" as used herein are intended to be broadly construed, and may include, for example, fixed and removable connections; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through intermediate components; the connection may be a wired electrical connection, a wireless electrical connection, or a wireless communication signal connection, and a person skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1-2, one or more examples of the present invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. According to the embodiment of the invention, a simple test and solution method for aquifer hydrogeological parameters under curtain grouting conditions is provided, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) drilling a hole 1 and flushing the hole 1, placing a filter tube 4 at the location of the aquifer 2 and a casing 3 at the location of the non-aquifer 2. The aperture of the hole is 190mm, and the aperture of the filter tube 4 is 139.7 +/-6.2 mm.
The lithology of the aquifer 2 at the bottom of the recent system is sequentially sandy clay (thickness is 4.25m), coarse sand (thickness is 18.0m), medium sand (thickness is 5.85m) and clay gravel (thickness is 4.40m) from top to bottom, and the total thickness of the aquifer 2 is 32.5 m. The height of the filter tube 4 should be equivalent to the thickness of the aquifer 2 to ensure the test effect, so the height of the filter tube 4 in the aquifer 2 is set to be 32.5 m.
In step 1), the well 1 is washed with clean water for 24 hours or more, such as 24 hours, 25 hours, 26 hours, 27 hours, 28 hours, etc. The well washing time is more than or equal to 24 hours, so that impurities around the well wall can be washed clean, and the test effect cannot be influenced by the impurities in the pores.
2) Observing the initial water level of the hole 1, and determining the initial water level H0Measuring the initial water level H0The exact numerical value of (c).
3) The water level sensor 5 is started, the interval of the observation time is set, the water level sensor 5 is put into the water in the hole 1, and then the stable water level observation is performed. The water level sensor 5 can select a DIVER groundwater level automatic monitor (manufactured by Netherlands), the DIVER water level sensor 5 is started, and the observation time interval is set to be 1 second, 5 minutes and/or 10 minutes. According to the actual situation on site: if the water level changes rapidly, the observation interval should be short, generally at an early stage, i.e. at the beginning of the observation; if the water level change is slow compared to the start of the observation, the observation interval can be lengthened, typically in the middle and late stages. The set DIVER water level sensor 5 is completely submerged in water, the distance between the water level sensor 5 and the water surface is more than or equal to 5m, and then stable water level observation is carried out.
4) Placing an object having a fixed volume into the water in the hole 1;
in step 4), the fixed volume of the object is water, a tank filled with water, or a weight, and water means that the fixed volume of water is directly injected into the hole 1, and the tank or the weight can be completely submerged in water. For example, the volume of the tank is 20L, the tank is filled with 20L of clean water, and then the tank filled with 20L of clean water is filled into the hole 1 at one time; at the moment of putting an object with a fixed volume into the water in the hole 1, the water level is at most H when t is 0max. Delta H is the instantaneous water level change, i.e. the maximum water level difference, of water filling or weight release, the water level when water filling is completed minus the original static water level (initial water level H)0) Absolute value of (d); hmax-H0。
After an object with a fixed volume is placed in the water in the hole 1, considering the measuring range and precision of the water level sensor, the rising amplitude of the water level in the hole 1 should be less than 25m and preferably more than 10m, namely 10m < [ delta ] H < 25m, so as to ensure that the water level sensor can accurately measure the rising amplitude of the water level. Setting Delta H to be more than 10m can prolong the water level in the hole to restore to the initial water level H0The number of points required by the fitting of the graph is increased, and the accuracy of the fitting graph is improved.
The rising amplitude of the water level in the hole 1 depends on the volume of the tank or the weight, the radius r of the sleeve 3cCalculating, and setting the volume of the box or the heavy object as V, wherein the V is pi multiplied by rc 2x.DELTA.H, to obtain V should be less than π x rc 2X 25m, should be greater than pi x rc 2X 10m, i.e. π x rc 2×10m＜V＜π×rc 2×25m。
5) According to the step 3) isObserving the water level in the hole 1 at intervals of the observation time until the water level is restored to the initial water level H0When the test is finished, the test is finished;
the water level can be observed according to the interval of the observation time set in the step 3), for example, the water level can be observed once every 1 second, and the water level can be observed once every 5 minutes.
In the step 5), the water level can be observed once every 1 second, or can be observed once every 5 minutes for continuously observing for 30 minutes; the water level was then observed every 10 minutes. The water level changes rapidly when the observation is started, and the observation time interval is 5 minutes; generally, after 30 minutes of continuous observation, the water level change begins to slow down, the observation time interval can be lengthened, the observation time interval is 10 minutes, and the observation time interval of 10 minutes can be continued until the end. The water level is observed once in 1 second, which is suitable for the stratum with strong permeability, such as a loose pore aquifer; the water level observed once in 5 minutes is suitable for a formation with weak permeability, such as a bedrock fracture aquifer.
6) Calculating a water level depth value s of the drill hole 1 according to the water level observed in the step 5), and solving the hydrogeological parameter by using the water level depth value s and the corresponding observation time t.
In step 6), the hydrogeological parameters are calculated according to the following formula as follows:
water level lowering value s ═ Ht/H0，HtIs the water level at time t,
at the moment of putting an object with a fixed volume into the water in the hole 1, the water level is at most H when t is 0max，△H＝Hmax-H0，
Ht＝H0F(α,β) (1)
T＝rc 2/t (6)
K＝T/b (7)
Wherein: equation (4) du is the differential of u; equation (5) this is used to explain the functional relationship between u and r, S, T, T; h0Is an initial water level, an initial water level H0Within the casing 3, as shown in fig. 1; htIs the water level at time t, as a function of time; s is water storage coefficient; k is the permeability coefficient; b is the thickness of the aquifer 2; t is time, the instant of water injection is the starting time, and t is 0; t is a water guide coefficient; r issThe radius of the filter tube 4; r iscIs the radius of the sleeve 3.
In step 6), fitting and solving the hydrogeological parameters by using a wiring method, wherein a fitting graph is shown in FIG. 2, the horizontal axis is t, and the vertical axis is (H)t-H0)/△H。
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a simple method for testing and solving hydrogeological parameters of a water-bearing stratum 2 under curtain grouting conditions, and the method is used for curtain grouting engineering of a recently tied bottom water-bearing stratum 2 of a shaft of a certain coal mine vertical shaft. The diameter of the borehole 1 is 190mm, the diameter of the filter tube 4 is 139.7 + -6.2 mm, and the length of the filter tube 4 in the newly tied bottom aquifer 2 is 32.5 m. More recently, the lithology of the bottom aquifer 2 is sequentially sandy clay (thickness is 4.25m), coarse sand (thickness is 18.0m), medium sand (thickness is 5.85m) and clay gravel (thickness is 4.40m) from top to bottom, and the total thickness is 32.5 m.
1) Carrying out well washing work on the drilled hole 1 by using clear water, wherein the well washing time is 28 hours;
2) initial water level H of observation hole 10Is-111.47 m, and determines an initial water level position, initial water level H0Inside the filter tube 4;
3) starting the DIVER water level sensor 5, setting the observation time interval to be 1 second/time, putting the set DIVER water level sensor 5 into the hole 1 and completely submerging the DIVER water level sensor 5 below the water by 5m, and then carrying out stable water level observation;
4) filling a fixed-volume box with clean water 400L, and filling the box together with clean water (400L in total) into a hole 1 at one time according to V ═ pi × rc 2XX.DELTA.H, to obtain DELTA.H of 0.4/2 (3.14X 0.095)2) About 14 meters;
5) observing the water level of the drill hole 1 every 1 second by using a DIVER water level sensor 5 until the water level is restored to the initial water level of-111.47 m, wherein the total time is 15 minutes;
6) inputting the water level drawdown value s of the drill hole 1 observed in the test period and the corresponding time T into related software, such as Aquifertest software, and utilizing a wiring method (shown in figure 2) to fit and solve the hydrogeological parameters of the bottom aquifer 2 of the recent system to obtain a permeability coefficient K which is 0.00229m/d and a water conductivity coefficient T which is 0.074m2D, water storage coefficient S1.83 x 10-6. And obtaining a permeability coefficient K, a water guide coefficient T and a water storage coefficient S as fitting values.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
the method provides more reliable basis for parameter design and construction of grouting curtain engineering. The method is simple and practical, is easy to operate on site, and has strong popularization and application values.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A simple test and solution method for aquifer hydrogeological parameters under curtain grouting conditions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) drilling and washing the hole, placing a filter tube at the position of the aquifer, and placing a sleeve at the position of the non-aquifer;
2) observing the initial water level of the hole to determine the initial water level H0；
3) Starting the water level sensor, setting the interval of observation time, putting the water level sensor into the water in the hole, and then carrying out stable water level observation;
4) placing an object having a fixed volume into the water in the well;
5) observing the water level in the hole according to the interval of the observation time set in the step 3) until the water level is restored to the initial water level H0When the test is finished, the test is finished;
6) and (5) calculating a drilling water level depth value s according to the water level observed in the step 5), and solving the hydrogeological parameter by using the water level depth value s and the corresponding observation time t.
2. The method for simply testing and solving the hydrogeological parameters of the aquifer under the curtain grouting condition according to claim 1, wherein in the step 6), the hydrogeological parameters are calculated according to the following formula:
T＝rc 2/t (1)
K＝T/b (2)
s is water storage coefficient; k is the permeability coefficient; b is the thickness of the aquifer; t is time, the instant of water injection is the starting time, and t is 0; t is a water guide coefficient; r issIs the radius of the filter tube; r iscIs the radius of the cannula.
3. The method for simply testing and solving the hydrogeological parameters of the aquifer under the curtain grouting condition according to claim 1,
in said step 3), the interval of observation time is 1 second, 5 minutes, and/or 10 minutes.
4. The method for simply testing and solving the hydrogeological parameters of the aquifer under the curtain grouting condition according to claim 1,
in the step 3), the water level sensor is completely submerged in the water, and the distance between the water level sensor and the water surface is more than or equal to 5 m.
5. The method for simply testing and solving the hydrogeological parameters of the aquifer under the curtain grouting condition according to claim 1,
in the step 4), the object with fixed volume is water, a tank filled with water or a heavy object.
6. The method for simply testing and solving the hydrogeological parameters of the aquifer under the curtain grouting condition according to claim 1,
in the step 5), the water level is observed every 5 minutes, and the water level is continuously observed for 30 minutes; the water level was then observed every 10 minutes.
7. The method for simply testing and solving the hydrogeological parameters of the aquifer under the curtain grouting condition according to claim 1,
in the step 1), the aperture of the hole is 190mm, and the aperture of the filter tube is 139.7 +/-6.2 mm.
8. The method for simply testing and solving the hydrogeological parameters of the aquifer under the curtain grouting condition according to claim 1,
in the step 1), the hole is washed by clean water, and the well washing time is not less than 24 hours.
9. The method for simply testing and solving the hydrogeological parameters of the aquifer under the curtain grouting condition according to claim 1,
in the step 6), hydrogeological parameters are fitted and solved by using a wiring method.
10. The method for simply testing and solving the hydrogeological parameters of the aquifer under the curtain grouting condition according to claim 1,
in the step 4), after the object with the fixed volume is placed in the water in the hole, the rising amplitude of the water level in the hole is less than 25 m.
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