CN111944569A - Oxygen-enriched additive for diesel locomotive fuel by using recovered alcohol as raw material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an oxygen-enriched additive for diesel locomotive fuel by taking recycled alcohol as a raw material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the oxygen-enriched additive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-80 parts of recovered alcohol, 10-30 parts of methanol, 10-30 parts of dimethoxymethane, 10-30 parts of dimethyl carbonate and 5-10 parts of multifunctional composite additive. The fuel oxygen-enriched additive is popularized and used, so that the emission of automobile exhaust can be greatly reduced, and the problem of serious pollution of the existing automobile exhaust is solved. Compared with the single use of common gasoline, the emission of CO is reduced by 30-50%, the emission of HC is reduced by 30-50%, the emission of NOx is reduced by 10-20%, and the emission of PM2.5 and PM10 is also reduced by 40-60%.

Description

Oxygen-enriched additive for diesel locomotive fuel by using recovered alcohol as raw material and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel additives, in particular to an oxygen-rich additive for diesel locomotive fuel, which takes recycled alcohol as a raw material, and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In modern civilization, automobiles have become an indispensable means of transportation for humans. However, while the automobile industry is rapidly developing and the automobile yield and keeping quantity are continuously increasing, the automobile also brings air pollution, namely automobile exhaust pollution. The automobile engine is an energy converter and a power generation source, in the process of converting fuel combustion into power, air is used as an oxidant, and after fuel combustion, CO is not generated₂And H₂CO and NO are also produced in addition to O_xAnd the like, and unburned Hydrocarbons (HC). The main source of air pollution in cities in China is the emission of motor vehicle tail gas, and the rapid increase of the number of automobiles in a short time is one of the important reasons for the appearance of large-scale haze weather in China. It has been demonstrated that the production of PM2.5 and PM10 is mainly caused by residues emitted by combustion in the processes of daily power generation, industrial production, automobile exhaust emission, and the like.

The existing automobile exhaust treatment method can be summarized into two types of internal purification and external purification. The internal purification is mainly controlled by taking measures from the aspects of an engine combustion chamber structure, an ignition system, an air intake system and a fuel electronic injection system. The external purification technology comprises a three-effect catalysis technology, a particulate matter filtering technology, a nitrogen oxide selective reduction technology and the like. However, the treatment of the automobile exhaust pollution is a huge system engineering, and a link of fuel optimization must be added to the existing automobile exhaust treatment method. Fuel optimization is not simply the upgrading of fuel and the use of clean fuels, but rather the modification of fuel using new concepts and technologies. On the premise of not changing the vehicle, the emission of pollutants in the tail gas is greatly reduced in the running process of the existing vehicle. In order to meet the market demand, the applicant researches and develops a fuel oxygen-rich additive for purifying the tail gas discharged by the diesel locomotive.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, aiming at the content, the invention provides the oxygen-enriched additive of the diesel locomotive fuel by taking the recovered alcohol as the raw material and the preparation method thereof, which solve the problem of serious pollution of the existing automobile exhaust.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an oxygen-enriched additive for diesel locomotive fuel, which takes recycled alcohol as raw material, comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-80 parts of recovered alcohol, 10-30 parts of methanol, 10-30 parts of dimethoxymethane, 10-30 parts of dimethyl carbonate and 5-10 parts of multifunctional composite additive.

The recovered alcohol is fusel alcohol separated from light components discharged from a rectifying tower of a device for evaporating and pretreating high-concentration wastewater in a water treatment process of a chemical industry enterprise, and the composition of the fusel alcohol is C2-C4 low-carbon alcohol. In the recovered alcohol, the content of C2 alcohol is 20%, the content of C3 alcohol is 40%, and the content of C4 alcohol is 40%.

The further improvement is that: the multifunctional composite additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-20% of benzotriazole, 15-25% of triacetin, 20-40% of succinimide and 25-50% of oleic acid.

The further improvement is that: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of recovered alcohol, 20 parts of methanol, 10 parts of dimethoxymethane, 10 parts of dimethyl carbonate and 5 parts of multifunctional composite additive.

The further improvement is that: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of recovered alcohol, 10 parts of methanol, 15 parts of dimethoxymethane, 25 parts of dimethyl carbonate and 5 parts of multifunctional composite additive.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the oxygen-enriched additive for the diesel locomotive fuel by taking the recovered alcohol as the raw material, which comprises the following steps:

(1) weighing each raw material in parts by weight for later use;

(2) adding the recovered alcohol into a reactor, starting stirring, adding the multifunctional composite additive, stirring for 20-40 min, adding dimethoxymethane and dimethyl carbonate, continuing stirring for 30-60 min, stopping stirring, and filtering to obtain the fuel oxygen-enriched additive.

The further improvement is that: the stirring adopts frame type mechanical stirring, and the rotating speed is 50-85 r/min.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention relates to a novel environment-friendly article for vehicles, which is specially used for purifying tail gas discharged by a diesel locomotive. The oxygen-rich additive is added into the fuel to change the fuel into the oxygenated fuel, and the oxygenated fuel is used for providing extra oxygen for the internal combustion engine, so that the internal combustion engine can fully and completely combust the fuel under the working condition. The fuel oxygen-rich additive is popularized and used, so that the emission of automobile exhaust can be greatly reduced. Normally, the oxygen-rich additive is added in an amount of 20% of the total weight of the fuel oil (gasoline or diesel, especially gasoline). Can be mutually dissolved with national standard oil in any proportion, and has no layering and no color change. Compared with the single use of common gasoline, the diesel locomotive fuel oxygen-rich additive has the advantages that the emission of CO is reduced by 30-50%, the emission of HC is reduced by 30-50%, the emission of NOx is reduced by 10-20%, the emission of unconventional emissions is less than that of gasoline, and the emission of PM2.5 and PM10 can be reduced by 40-60%. The oxygen-enriched additive contains no benzene, no olefin, no sulfur and oxygen, and is particularly favorable for use in oxygen-deficient environments such as plateaus.

The oxygen-enriched additive for the fuel of the diesel locomotive, which is prepared by the invention, takes the recovered alcohol as a raw material, and the recovered alcohol is fusel separated from high-concentration industrial organic sewage, so that the oxygen-enriched additive is an environment-friendly and clean green energy source. In the past, all the organic sewage is collected in a centralized way and then sent to a sewage plant for treatment. And the cost of treating the organic sewage alone is a great expense for the factory, regardless of the treatment effect. The mixed fusel recovered from industrial wastewater is used as a raw material to develop the fuel oxygen-rich additive, and firstly, the problem of resource shortage is solved; secondly, the pollution of the exhaust emission of the motor vehicle to the atmosphere is reduced; and thirdly, the best way is found for the high-quality recovered alcohol fuel obtained by utilizing the organic sewage on a large scale. The recovery of alcohol is an important alternative energy, and the development of the alternative energy is an important strategic measure for ensuring the national energy safety, relieving the pressure of petroleum import and relieving the resource and environmental constraints.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description will be provided for the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific embodiments, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and appreciated

And (5) implementing.

Unless otherwise indicated, the techniques employed in the examples are conventional and well known to those skilled in the art, and the reagents and products employed are also commercially available. The source, trade name and if necessary the constituents of the reagents used are indicated at the first appearance.

Example one

An oxygen-enriched additive for diesel locomotive fuel, which takes recycled alcohol as raw material, comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of recovered alcohol, 10 parts of methanol, 10 parts of dimethoxymethane, 10 parts of dimethyl carbonate and 5 parts of the multifunctional composite additive, wherein the multifunctional composite additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of benzotriazole, 15% of triacetin, 40% of succinimide and 35% of oleic acid. The recovered alcohol is fusel separated from light components discharged from a rectifying tower of a device for evaporating and pretreating high-concentration wastewater in a water treatment process of a chemical enterprise, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: ethanol accounts for 20%, propanol accounts for 40%, and isobutanol accounts for 40%.

A preparation method of an oxygen-enriched additive of diesel locomotive fuel by taking recycled alcohol as a raw material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) weighing each raw material in parts by weight for later use;

(2) adding the recovered alcohol into a reactor, simultaneously starting stirring, then adding the multifunctional composite additive, stirring for 20min, adding dimethoxymethane and dimethyl carbonate, continuing stirring for 30min, stopping stirring, and filtering to obtain the fuel oxygen-enriched additive, wherein the stirring mode adopts frame type mechanical stirring, and the rotating speed is 50 r/min.

The oxygen-enriched additive of the diesel locomotive fuel prepared in the first embodiment is detected, and the test results are shown in table 1. The detection items comprise: (1) density. The method has significance for metering the fuel oil, and can estimate the dosage of each raw material or see the quality problem of the raw materials in the batch. (2) And (4) moisture. The water content is strictly controlled, which not only ensures that the fuel is quickly evaporated, gasified and combusted in the combustion chamber of the engineIs an important index of (1). More importantly, too high moisture accelerates corrosion of metals, particularly as follows: first, chemical and electrochemical corrosion of metals is directly induced; second, certain acidic species in the fuel dissolve in water, accelerating the corrosion process of the metals. (3) Flash point. The flash point of the oxygen-enriched additive is an index for controlling the evaporability of the tail gas cleaning solution and also an index for ensuring the safety of the oxygen-enriched additive. The low flash point fuel has good evaporation performance for conventional fuel. However, the flash point of the conventional fuel is not low, and if the flash point is low, the fuel has strong evaporativity, so that the combustion process in a cylinder is too violent, the working state of an engine is out of control and unstable, and the safety of the fuel in the transportation process is reduced. If the flash point is high, the vehicle is not well ignited in winter. Therefore, the flash point of the additive rich must be moderate. (4) And (4) testing the copper sheet. The copper sheet test can judge whether the oxygen-enriched additive has corrosivity to metal. (5) Sodium content. Sodium reacts with metals to form corresponding salts, which deposit in the equipment to accelerate mechanical wear. When the fuel contains a small amount of water, sodium has strong corrosion to aluminum and aluminum alloy and can react with an aluminum oxide film on the surface of the aluminum and aluminum alloy to generate NaAlO₂The exposed metallic aluminum is easy to react with the water in the fuel to generate colloidal Al (OH)₃And precipitation has great influence on the engine. (6) The sulfur content. The sulfur-containing substances in the oxygen-enriched additive are mainly carried by the functional additive and mainly contain organic sulfur. If the sulfur content is low, the effective content of the functional additive may be insufficient; if the sulfur content is high, there may be a problem in the quality of the functional additive.

TABLE 1

Example two

An oxygen-enriched additive for diesel locomotive fuel, which takes recycled alcohol as raw material, comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of recovered alcohol, 20 parts of methanol, 20 parts of dimethoxymethane, 20 parts of dimethyl carbonate and 8 parts of multifunctional composite additive, wherein the multifunctional composite additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15% of benzotriazole, 20% of triacetin, 20% of succinimide and 45% of oleic acid. The recovered alcohol is fusel separated from light components discharged from a rectifying tower of a device for evaporating and pretreating high-concentration wastewater in a water treatment process of a chemical enterprise, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of ethanol, 40% of isopropanol and 40% of n-butanol.

A preparation method of an oxygen-enriched additive of diesel locomotive fuel by taking recycled alcohol as a raw material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) weighing each raw material in parts by weight for later use;

(2) adding the recovered alcohol into a reactor, simultaneously starting stirring, then adding the multifunctional composite additive, stirring for 30min, adding dimethoxymethane and dimethyl carbonate, continuing stirring for 45min, stopping stirring, and filtering to obtain the fuel oxygen-enriched additive, wherein the stirring mode adopts frame type mechanical stirring, and the rotating speed is 65 r/min.

The oxygen-enriched additive of the diesel locomotive fuel prepared in the second embodiment is detected, and the test results are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2

EXAMPLE III

An oxygen-enriched additive for diesel locomotive fuel, which takes recycled alcohol as raw material, comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of recovered alcohol, 30 parts of methanol, 30 parts of dimethoxymethane, 30 parts of dimethyl carbonate and 10 parts of multifunctional composite additive, wherein the multifunctional composite additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of benzotriazole, 25% of triacetin, 30% of succinimide and 25% of oleic acid. The recovered alcohol is fusel separated from light components discharged from a rectifying tower of a device for evaporating and pretreating high-concentration wastewater in a water treatment process of a chemical enterprise, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of ethanol, 40% of isopropanol and 40% of isobutanol.

A preparation method of an oxygen-enriched additive of diesel locomotive fuel by taking recycled alcohol as a raw material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) weighing each raw material in parts by weight for later use;

(2) adding the recovered alcohol into a reactor, simultaneously starting stirring, then adding the multifunctional composite additive, stirring for 40min, adding dimethoxymethane and dimethyl carbonate, continuing stirring for 60min, stopping stirring, and filtering to obtain the fuel oxygen-enriched additive, wherein the stirring mode adopts frame type mechanical stirring, and the rotating speed is 85 r/min.

The oxygen-enriched additive of the diesel locomotive fuel prepared in the third embodiment is detected, and the test results are shown in table 3.

TABLE 3

Example four

An oxygen-enriched additive for diesel locomotive fuel, which takes recycled alcohol as raw material, comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of recovered alcohol, 20 parts of methanol, 10 parts of dimethoxymethane, 10 parts of dimethyl carbonate and 5 parts of multifunctional composite additive, wherein the multifunctional composite additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of benzotriazole, 20% of triacetin, 20% of succinimide and 50% of oleic acid. The recovered alcohol is fusel separated from light components discharged from a rectifying tower of a device for evaporating and pretreating high-concentration wastewater in a water treatment process of a chemical enterprise, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of ethanol, 40% of isopropanol and 40% of isobutanol.

A preparation method of an oxygen-enriched additive of diesel locomotive fuel by taking recycled alcohol as a raw material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) weighing each raw material in parts by weight for later use;

(2) adding the recovered alcohol into a reactor, simultaneously starting stirring, then adding the multifunctional composite additive, stirring for 30min, adding dimethoxymethane and dimethyl carbonate, continuing stirring for 45min, stopping stirring, and filtering to obtain the fuel oxygen-enriched additive, wherein the stirring mode adopts frame type mechanical stirring, and the rotating speed is 60 r/min.

The oxygen-enriched additive of the diesel locomotive fuel prepared in the fourth embodiment is detected, and the test results are shown in table 4. The oxygen-enriched additive for the diesel locomotive fuel prepared by the embodiment is suitable for being added into gasoline to purify the discharged tail gas.

TABLE 4

EXAMPLE five

An oxygen-enriched additive for diesel locomotive fuel, which takes recycled alcohol as raw material, comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of recovered alcohol, 10 parts of methanol, 15 parts of dimethoxymethane, 25 parts of dimethyl carbonate and 5 parts of multifunctional composite additive, wherein the multifunctional composite additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of benzotriazole, 15% of triacetin, 30% of succinimide and 35% of oleic acid. The recovered alcohol is fusel separated from light components discharged from a rectifying tower of a device for evaporating and pretreating high-concentration wastewater in a water treatment process of a chemical enterprise, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of ethanol, 40% of isopropanol and 40% of isobutanol.

A preparation method of an oxygen-enriched additive of diesel locomotive fuel by taking recycled alcohol as a raw material comprises the following preparation steps:

(1) weighing each raw material in parts by weight for later use;

(2) adding the recovered alcohol into a reactor, simultaneously starting stirring, then adding the multifunctional composite additive, stirring for 20min, adding dimethoxymethane and dimethyl carbonate, continuing stirring for 30min, stopping stirring, and filtering to obtain the fuel oxygen-enriched additive, wherein the stirring mode adopts frame type mechanical stirring, and the rotating speed is 50 r/min.

The oxygen-enriched additive of the diesel locomotive fuel prepared in the fifth embodiment is detected, and the test results are shown in table 5. The oxygen-enriched additive for the diesel locomotive fuel prepared by the embodiment is suitable for being added into diesel oil to purify the discharged tail gas.

TABLE 5

The above description is only an embodiment utilizing the technical content of the present disclosure, and any modification and variation made by those skilled in the art can be covered by the claims of the present disclosure, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed.

The recovered alcohol in the oxygen-enriched additive is particularly an environment-friendly and clean green energy source obtained by treating specific high-concentration industrial organic sewage through a special process. In the past, the organic sewage of the factories is collected in a centralized way and then sent to a sewage plant for treatment. And the cost of treating the organic sewage alone is a great expense for the factory, regardless of the treatment effect. The simple treatment makes many useful substances in such bodies of water a dark one. The substance obtained by the special process treatment is a mixed fusel in nature, and can become a high-quality alcohol fuel after being simply purified. Because the amount of similar organic sewage is large, the high-quality recovered mixed fusel is also a very important alternative energy. The development of the alternative energy is a major strategic measure for ensuring the national energy safety, relieving the pressure of petroleum import and relieving the resource and environmental constraints. The development of the fuel oxygen-enriched additive by using the mixed fusel recovered from the industrial wastewater as the raw material aims to solve the problem of resource shortage, lighten the pollution of the exhaust gas emission of the motor vehicle to the atmosphere and seek the best way for the high-quality recovered alcohol fuel obtained by utilizing the organic sewage in a large scale.

Claims (6)

1. An oxygen-enriched additive for diesel locomotive fuel, which takes recycled alcohol as raw material, is characterized in that: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-80 parts of recovered alcohol, 10-30 parts of methanol, 10-30 parts of dimethoxymethane, 10-30 parts of dimethyl carbonate and 5-10 parts of multifunctional composite additive.

2. An oxygen-enriched additive for diesel locomotive fuel based on recovered alcohol as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the multifunctional composite additive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-20% of benzotriazole, 15-25% of triacetin, 20-40% of succinimide and 25-50% of oleic acid.

3. An oxygen-enriched additive for diesel locomotive fuel based on recovered alcohol as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of recovered alcohol, 20 parts of methanol, 10 parts of dimethoxymethane, 10 parts of dimethyl carbonate and 5 parts of multifunctional composite additive.

4. An oxygen-enriched additive for diesel locomotive fuel based on recovered alcohol as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of recovered alcohol, 10 parts of methanol, 15 parts of dimethoxymethane, 25 parts of dimethyl carbonate and 5 parts of multifunctional composite additive.

5. A method of preparing an oxygen-rich additive for a diesel locomotive fuel based on recovered alcohol as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the preparation steps are as follows:

(1) weighing each raw material in parts by weight for later use;

(2) adding the recovered alcohol into a reactor, starting stirring, adding the multifunctional composite additive, stirring for 20-40 min, adding dimethoxymethane and dimethyl carbonate, continuing stirring for 30-60 min, stopping stirring, and filtering to obtain the fuel oxygen-enriched additive.

6. The method of claim 5 for preparing an oxygen-rich additive for a diesel locomotive fuel from recovered alcohol, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the stirring adopts frame type mechanical stirring, and the rotating speed is 50-85 r/min.