CN111927857A - Unilateral fastening bolt - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a unilateral tightening bolt, comprising: a screw rod and a cone head at one end of the screw rod; the cone head and the screw rod are integrated; a sleeve, a fixing washer and a nut are sequentially passed through the screw rod from the cone head end There is a clearance fit between the sleeve and the fixing washer and the screw, the outer diameter of the sleeve is larger than the inner diameter of the fixing washer, and the end of the sleeve near the cone head is provided with a plurality of axial openings, and the cone head is provided with a plurality of axial openings. The small end is clamped into the sleeve, and the outer diameter of the large end of the cone head is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the sleeve. Under the premise of not reducing the installation speed and the strength of the nodes, the invention avoids the weakening of the opening of the connecting section when the bolted connection of the closed-section members is completed by the traditional method, and has the advantages of convenient and quick installation, adapting to the connection of the closed-section members and reducing the inaccessible side. Out of the plane height requirements, to ensure the integrity of the connection section and other advantages.

Description

A unilateral fastening bolt

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of component connection, and in particular, to a unilateral fastening bolt for connecting two components, one of which is a closed interface.

Background technique

In steel structures or composite structures, the connection between steel members is generally welded, riveted, and bolted. Welding connection is the most important connection method of steel structure. Its advantages are simple structure, no weakening of construction section, steel saving, convenient processing, easy automatic operation, good sealing performance and high rigidity of connection. The advantages of rivet connection are plasticity and toughness. It is better, reliable in force transmission, and easy to check the quality. It is suitable for the connection of directly bearing dynamic load structures. The disadvantage is that the structure is complex and the amount of steel is large, so it is rarely used at present. The advantages of disassembly, fatigue resistance, and no loosening under dynamic loads have been widely used.

Conventional bolt tightening generally consists of a nut and a screw. Installation requires clamping the nut or bolt head on one side and tightening the bolt head or nut with a wrench from the other side. In general, the installer has access to both sides of the object being fastened; however, for special applications, such as closed tubular structures or structures with one end that is not easily accessible, the use of ordinary bolts will be greatly limited. Therefore, new requirements are put forward for the construction of connections using closed interfaces. First, a bolt that can well complete the connection of closed-section steel members is required. Generally, the existing domestic bolts need to open the section when this requirement is met. holes, thus weakening the components and showing its disadvantages; secondly, the speed of on-site installation needs to be increased as much as possible, and the one-way bolts in the prior art do not have this advantage; thirdly, in some cases, it is necessary to install The rear has a smaller out-of-plane height on the hard-to-reach side, and the one-way bolt in the prior art does not have this feature.

Chinese Invention Patent 200710099369.2 discloses a split bolt fastener. The bolt body is composed of three parts, including two side rod bodies and an intermediate rod body, and the three parts can be formed into a whole bolt. When the two side rod bodies and the middle rod body are combined together, the cross-section of the formed bolt rod body is circular, and the curved surface is threaded to ensure that the three parts can be fixed with ordinary nuts when they are combined into a whole. Although the invention can realize the function of one-way fastening, the installation speed is relatively slow due to the large number of components.

Chinese invention patent 201210435247.7 discloses a unilateral tightening bolt. The bolt is composed of four parts: a screw rod and a bolt head at one end of the screw rod, a fixing washer, a sleeve and a cone head. The sleeve is provided with an axial opening. When the bolt head is screwed, the screw rotates, and the cone head does not rotate, but the axial rigid body displacement occurs, and the sleeve is stretched to achieve the effect of fixing the washer, and finally the component is clamped. Although the invention can realize the function of one-way tightening, because the height of the side exit plane which is not easily accessible is controlled by the screw, it is limited in use in some cases.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a unilateral fastening bolt for connecting two members with a closed section, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the technical scheme of the present invention is specifically realized in this way:

A unilateral tightening bolt, the unilateral tightening bolt comprises: a screw rod and a cone head at one end of the screw rod; the cone head and the screw rod are integrated;

A casing, a fixing washer and a nut are sequentially passed through the screw rod from the cone head end;

There is a clearance fit between the sleeve, the fixing washer and the screw, the outer diameter of the sleeve is larger than the inner diameter of the fixing washer, the end of the sleeve near the cone head is provided with a plurality of axial openings, and the small diameter of the cone head is small. The head end is clamped into the sleeve, and the outer diameter of the large head end of the cone head is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the sleeve.

Further, four axial openings are evenly provided at the end of the sleeve near the conical head.

Further, the length of the opening is 5 mm to 10 mm from the end of the distal cone head of the sleeve.

Further, a rubber washer is also passed through the screw rod, and the rubber washer is located between the sleeve and the fixing washer.

Further, the outer peripheral surface of the fixing washer is provided with two symmetrical planes.

Further, the outer surface of the cone head is a conical plane.

Further, the screw has no thread at the end away from the cone head, and the screw-free segment has two symmetrical planes.

As can be seen from the above, in the technical solution of the present invention, since the unilateral fastening bolt of the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, after the unilateral fastening bolt is put into the bolt hole, the construction personnel can first screw the nut into a certain amount When the hand can not be tightened, the construction personnel can clamp the nut or the end of the screw while clamping the fixed washer, tighten the end of the screw or the nut with a torque wrench, and finally open the casing through the cone head, thereby Snap the bolt holes to complete the one-way connection installation of the bolts. On the premise of not reducing the installation speed and the strength of the node, the invention avoids the weakening of the opening of the connecting section when the bolted connection of the closed section member is completed by the traditional method, and has the advantages of convenient and fast installation, adapting to the connection of the closed interface member and reducing the inaccessible side. Out of the plane height requirements, to ensure the integrity of the connection interface and other advantages.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a unilateral fastening bolt in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the use effect of the unilateral fastening bolt in the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a front view of the sleeve in the embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a side view of the sleeve in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view of the rubber gasket in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the fixing washer in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view of the fixing washer in the embodiment of the present invention.

In the picture: 1-bolt head, 2-sleeve, 3-rubber washer, 4-fixing washer, 5-nut.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

See Figures 1 through 7. It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the accompanying drawings in this specification are only used to cooperate with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those who are familiar with the technology, and are not used to limit the implementation of the present invention. Restricted conditions, it does not have technical substantive significance, any structural modification, proportional relationship change or size adjustment, without affecting the effect that the present invention can produce and the purpose that can be achieved, should still fall within the present invention. The disclosed technical content must be within the scope of coverage. At the same time, the uses such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description and not for limitation. The applicable scope of the present invention, and the change or adjustment of the relative relationship thereof, shall also be regarded as the applicable scope of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in order to solve the problem of one-way assembly, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the unilateral fastening bolt includes: a screw rod and a cone head 1 at one end of the screw rod; Screw as one;

A sleeve 2, a fixing washer 4 and a nut 5 are successively passed through the screw rod from the conical head end;

There is a clearance fit between the sleeve 2 and the fixing washer 4 and the screw. The outer diameter of the sleeve 2 is larger than the inner diameter of the fixing washer 4. The end of the sleeve 2 near the cone head is provided with a plurality of axial openings, so The small end of the cone head 1 is clamped into the sleeve 2 , and the outer diameter of the large end of the cone head 1 is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the sleeve 2 .

During the specific operation, as shown in Figure 2, after passing the screw through the bolt hole of the two components to be connected, the construction personnel can clamp the fixing washer 4 and the screw or nut with tools, and at the same time use a torque wrench to tighten the screw head or Screw; because the small end of the cone head is stuck in the casing 2, when the screw or nut rotates, the cone head will have a trend of axial displacement to the head end of the bolt, and because the fixing washer is clamped and fixed, and the casing is The outer diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the fixed washer, and the sleeve is stopped by the fixed washer, so the cone head will gradually be screwed into the sleeve 2, and finally the sleeve 2 will be stretched along the crack under the force of the cone head, thereby jamming the bolt hole The edge of the bolt realizes the one-way connection installation of the bolt.

The following is a further description in conjunction with the specific operation method. First, the multiple components of the unilateral fastening bolt of the present invention are assembled in the aforementioned manner, and the sleeve 2, the fixing washer 4 and the nut 5 are sequentially passed through the screw rod. In addition, preferably, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, a rubber washer 3 located between the sleeve 2 and the fixing washer 4 can also be pierced on the screw rod, so that the unilateral tightening of the present invention can be improved. The shock resistance of the bolt, the rubber washer 3 is shown in Figure 5. Then, reserve bolt holes at the corresponding positions on the two components to be connected, one of which is a closed section, such as a closed tubular structure such as a square steel pipe commonly used in building structures, or a structure that is not easily accessible at one end. The size of the bolt hole should meet the condition that the casing can pass through, but the fixing washer will be limited to the edge of the bolt hole, so the diameter of the bolt hole should be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the casing and smaller than the outer diameter of the fixing washer.

After the screw rod of the unilateral fastening bolt of the present invention passes through the bolt hole of the second member of the first closed section of the member, the construction personnel use corresponding tools (such as wrenches, pliers, etc.) to clamp and fix the fixing washer 4, and at the same time use the corresponding The tool clamps and fixes the screw or nut, and then uses a torque wrench to tighten the nut or screw on the outside of the closed section member, and the small end of the cone head will gradually penetrate into the casing. The principle has been explained in the previous paragraphs, so the It is not repeated here. At the same time, the outer diameter of the large end of the cone head is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the casing, so as to ensure that the cone head does not completely sink into the casing. The conical head finally spreads the sleeve 2 along the opening and clamps the edge of the bolt hole, so as to ensure that the bolt will not come out, that is, the connection is completed.

In addition, in the technical solution of the present invention, the number of openings of the casing near the cone head end can be preset according to the needs of the actual application. For example, preferably, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, four axial openings are evenly provided at the end of the sleeve near the cone head.

Similarly, in the technical solution of the present invention, the length of the opening of the casing near the cone head end can also be preset according to the needs of the actual application. For example, preferably, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the length of the opening is 5 mm to 10 mm from the end of the distal cone head of the sleeve.

In addition, preferably, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the outer peripheral surface of the fixing washer 4 is provided with two symmetrical planes, so that the fixing washer 4 can be better clamped during specific operations. fixed.

In addition, preferably, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the outer surface of the conical head is a conical plane.

In addition, preferably, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the screw has no thread at the end away from the cone head, and the screw-free segment has two symmetrical planes.

To sum up, in the technical solution of the present invention, since the unilateral fastening bolt of the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, after the unilateral fastening bolt is put into the bolt hole, the construction personnel can screw the nut into the bolt hole first. At a certain depth, when the hand cannot be tightened, the construction personnel can clamp the nut or the end of the screw while clamping the fixed washer, tighten the end of the screw or the nut with a torque wrench, and finally open the casing through the cone head, Thereby, the bolt hole is stuck, and the one-way connection and installation of the bolt is completed. On the premise of not reducing the installation speed and the strength of the node, the invention avoids the weakening of the opening of the connecting section when the bolted connection of the closed section member is completed by the traditional method, and has the advantages of convenient and fast installation, adapting to the connection of the closed interface member and reducing the inaccessible side. Out of the plane height requirements, to ensure the integrity of the connection interface and other advantages.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments are to be regarded in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is to be defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, which are therefore intended to fall within the scope of the claims. All changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of , are included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims shall not be construed as limiting the involved claim.

Claims (7)

1. A unilateral tightening bolt, characterized in that, the unilateral tightening bolt comprises: a screw rod and a conical head at one end of the screw rod; the conical head and the screw rod are integrated; A casing, a fixing washer and a nut are sequentially passed through the screw rod from the cone head end; There is a clearance fit between the sleeve, the fixing washer and the screw, the outer diameter of the sleeve is larger than the inner diameter of the fixing washer, the end of the sleeve near the cone head is provided with a plurality of axial openings, and the small diameter of the cone head is small. The head end is clamped into the sleeve, and the outer diameter of the large head end of the cone head is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the sleeve. 2. The unilateral tightening bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four axial openings are evenly arranged at the end of the sleeve near the cone head. 3. The unilateral tightening bolt according to claim 1, wherein: The length of the opening is 5 mm to 10 mm from the end of the distal cone head of the sleeve. 4. The unilateral tightening bolt according to claim 1, wherein: A rubber washer is also passed through the screw rod, and the rubber washer is located between the sleeve and the fixing washer. 5. The unilateral tightening bolt according to claim 1, wherein: The outer peripheral surface of the fixing washer is provided with two symmetrical planes. 6. The unilateral tightening bolt according to claim 1, wherein: The outer surface of the cone head is a cone plane. 7. The unilateral tightening bolt according to claim 1, wherein: The screw has no thread at the end away from the cone head, and the screw-free segment has two symmetrical planes.

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