CN111910073A - Method for producing low-dust particle emission granules based on high-proportion micro-fine particle materials - Google Patents
Method for producing low-dust particle emission granules based on high-proportion micro-fine particle materials Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/243—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders inorganic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/244—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing low-dust particle emission granules based on high-proportion micro-fine particle materials, which comprises the following steps: 1) mixing raw materials including fine iron ore, a flux, a fuel and a binder A to obtain a mixed material I; mixing raw materials including coarse-grained iron ore and return fines to obtain a mixed material II; 2) pressing raw materials including iron-containing dust mud, a binder A and slaked lime into a granular material; 3) and mixing the mixed material I, the granular material and the mixed material II for granulation, and adding a binder B solution in a spraying mode in the granulation process to obtain granules. The method inhibits PM by optimizing the mixing and granulating performances of fine-grained materials and coupling and regulating the volatilization of heavy metal and alkali metal in the iron-containing dust mud10、PM2.5Thereby realizing the efficient emission reduction of the process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for granulating a high-proportion micro-fine particle material, in particular to a method for preparing low PM by using a high-proportion micro-fine particle material10、PM2.5A method for discharging granules belongs to the sintering industry in the field of ferrous metallurgy.
Background
PM which is main in the steel industry10、PM2.5The emission source is fixed, in the whole steel smelting process, sintering is the first high-temperature process, the waste emission accounts for more than 40% of the total waste in the smelting process, and PM discharged along with smoke is discharged10、PM2.5And also occupies more than 40 percent of the emission of the whole steel industry. Due to PM10、PM2.5The particle size is small, the specific surface area is large, heavy metal and alkali metal elements which are easy to load and remove in the sintering process and are easy to discharge in sintering flue gas and persistent organic pollutant dioxin have potential teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic hazards, and the problem of environmental pollution caused by the dioxin is more serious, so that PM in the sintering process is reduced10、PM2.5The emission of (B) has important significance for the green manufacture of the steel industry.
According to statistics, about more than 80 percent of sintering machine head smoke is removed dust particles in the smoke by an electrostatic dust collector, the removal efficiency of the dust particles in the smoke can reach 99 percent for coarser particles with aerodynamic diameter larger than 10 mu m, but PM is caused10、PM2.5Easy to remove during loaded sinteringThe specific resistance of alkali metals and heavy metals is far from the range required by the electrostatic dust collector for high-efficiency dust removal. In the suggestion about promoting the implementation of the ultra-low emission of the steel industry, which is jointly issued by five ministries of ecological environment department and the like in 2019, it is clearly pointed out that the ultra-low emission modification of steel enterprises in key areas is basically completed before the end of 2025, the nationwide strives for more than 80% of capacity to complete the modification, and the specified emission concentration of the smoke particles of the sintering machine head is not more than 10mg/m3However, at present, the emission concentration of sintering flue gas particles of most iron and steel enterprises is about 50mg/m3. Therefore, the development of sintering fumes PM10、PM2.5The high-efficiency emission reduction technology has a positive promoting effect on the ultralow emission modification of the steel industry.
Research shows that PM in sintering flue gas10、PM2.5Mainly comes from the fine particles dropped from the surface of the granulating pellet in the drying and preheating process, and the fine particles formed by condensing the heavy metal and alkali metal removed from the iron-containing dust mud rich in volatile harmful elements. In 2019 years in China, the yield of crude steel is close to 10 hundred million tons, and huge steel production capacity causes steel enterprises in inland areas such as Tai-Gao, Pan-Gao, saddle steel, Ben-Gao and the like to have to enlarge the proportion of fine iron ore produced by the steel enterprises, so that the content of fine particles falling off in the sintering process is increased. In each process of steel smelting, a large amount of fine-grained iron-containing sludge is inevitably produced, and the proportion of the fine-grained iron-containing sludge accounts for about 10% of that of crude steel, so that the current iron-containing sludge is produced by about 1 hundred million tons per year. Under the time background of 'solid waste does not leave factory' and 'no waste city construction', the process of circulating the iron-containing dust mud back to the sintering batching process is a main absorption method for steel enterprises, on one hand, the proportion of fine-grained materials in the sintering process of inland steel enterprises can be continuously increased, heavy metals and alkali metals in the iron-containing dust mud are easy to volatilize in the sintering process, and then PM is increased10、PM2.5The emission concentration of (c).
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at PM in flue gas existing in the process of sintering granular materials prepared from high-proportion micro-fine particle materials (fine iron ore and iron-containing dust mud) in the prior art10、PM2.5The problem of high concentration of difficult-to-remove particulate matters is solved by the inventionThe main purpose is to provide a method for reducing PM in a sintering process by optimizing a granulation process10、PM2.5The method realizes the high-efficiency emission reduction of the iron-containing dust mud by optimizing the mixing and granulating performance of the fine particle materials and coupling and regulating the volatilization of heavy metal and alkali metal in the iron-containing dust mud to inhibit PM10、PM2.5Thereby realizing the emission reduction in the sintering process.
To achieve the above technical object, the present invention reduces PM in a sintering process from an optimized granulation process10、PM2.5The generation idea is based on that the volatilization of heavy metal and alkali metal in the iron-containing dust and mud is controlled by optimizing the mixing and granulating performance of the fine material and coupling to inhibit PM10、PM2.5Thereby realizing the emission reduction in the sintering process. The invention provides a method for producing low-dust particle emission granules based on high-proportion micro-fine particle materials, which comprises the following steps:
1) mixing raw materials including fine iron ore, a flux, a fuel and a binder A to obtain a mixed material I; mixing raw materials including coarse-grained iron ore and return fines to obtain a mixed material II;
2) pressing raw materials including iron-containing dust mud, a binder A and slaked lime into a granular material;
3) and mixing the mixed material I, the granular material and the mixed material II for granulation, and adding a binder B solution in a spraying mode in the granulation process to obtain granules.
According to the technical scheme, the iron-containing dust mud with poor mixing and granulating performances is pre-pressed into the granular materials according to the difference of mixing and granulating difficulties of different types of iron ore materials, so that the iron-containing dust mud plays a role of nucleating granules, the problem that the proportion of nucleating granules is insufficient in the granulating process of adopting high-proportion fine-grained materials can be solved, and the negative effects that the dust-containing mud is used as adhesive powder to cause poor strength of granulating pellets, fine-grained dust is easy to generate and the like can be avoided. Meanwhile, a small amount of high molecular organic binder is added in the process of uniformly mixing materials such as the fine iron ore, other raw materials and the fine iron ore form small micelles with mechanical strength by utilizing the bridging action of high molecular chains, and the small micelles pass through the final granulation processThe atomized low-concentration binder solution is sprayed, so that small micelles formed by raw materials such as fine iron ore grow up on the surfaces of nuclear particles, granules with higher mechanical strength are formed, fine particles formed by a way of falling off from the surfaces of the granulated pellets in the drying and preheating process can be greatly reduced, and even if the small micelles fall off, the small micelles have certain strength and good stability, the particles entering the flue gas are large-particle-size particle micelles easy to be removed by an electrostatic dust collector, so that PM can be reduced10、PM2.5And (4) generating.
As a preferable scheme, the mass of the binder A in the mixed material I accounts for 0.05-0.3% of the total mass of the fine-grained iron ore, the flux and the fuel. According to the technical scheme, a small amount of organic binder is added in the process of uniformly mixing materials mainly containing fine iron ore, the organic binder can enable fine particles such as the fine iron ore to be bonded to form small micelles with certain mechanical strength by utilizing the bridging effect of polymer chains of the organic binder, and because the small micelles have certain strength, if the small micelles fall off in the drying and preheating process, the particles entering the flue gas are also large-particle-size particle micelles which are easy to remove by an electrostatic precipitator, so that PM can be reduced10、PM2.5And (4) generating.
As a preferable scheme, the mass of the binder A in the granular material accounts for 0.5-1% of the mass of the iron-containing dust mud. The proper amount of organic binder can promote the forming of the iron-containing dust mud to obtain the granular material.
As a preferable scheme, the spraying amount of the binder B solution in the granules is 0.6-2.5% of the total mass of the granulating materials. The atomized low-concentration binder solution is sprayed in the granulation process, so that small micelles formed by raw materials such as fine iron ore can be layered and grown on the surfaces of core particles, granules with high mechanical strength are formed, and fine particles formed in the drying and preheating process through the falling-off way of the surfaces of the granulated pellets can be greatly reduced.
Preferably, the mass percentage concentration of the binder B solution is 0.5-2.0%.
As a preferable scheme, the binder a is at least one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylamide, sodium humate, sodium alginate and modified starch.
As a preferable scheme, the binder B is at least one of bentonite, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylamide, sodium humate, sodium alginate, modified starch and xanthan gum.
As a preferable scheme, the size fraction of the fine-fraction iron ore satisfies: the mass percentage of the particles with the particle size of less than 0.5mm is more than 80 percent, and the mass percentage of the particles with the particle size of more than 1mm is not more than 10 percent.
As a preferable mode, the coarse-grained iron ore is other size-fraction iron ore than fine-fraction iron ore.
Preferably, the mass of the slaked lime is 0.5-2.5% of the mass of the iron-containing dust mud.
As a preferable scheme, the binder A and the slaked lime account for 1-3% of the mass of the iron-containing dust mud.
Preferably, the diameter of the spray droplets of the binder solution is 0.01 to 0.2 mm.
Preferably, the raw materials including the fine iron ore, the flux, the fuel and the binder are intensively mixed by an intensive mixer for 2-4 min. The invention adopts the intensive mixer which has better mixing effect than that of a cylindrical mixer to mix the fine iron ore, is beneficial to fully mixing the moisture, the flux, the fuel and the fine iron ore, and particularly has important promotion effect on forming high-strength pelletizing balls with compact structures by uniformly dispersing quicklime in the moisture and the flux on the surface of the fine iron ore.
As a preferable scheme, raw materials including the coarse-grained iron ore and the return ores are mixed by a cylinder, and the mixing time is 3-5 min.
As a preferable scheme, raw materials including iron-containing dust mud, a binder and slaked lime are pressed into a granular material with the grain diameter of 3-5 mm by a briquetting machine. In the technical scheme of the invention, because the iron-containing dust and mud is usually tiny in particle size and contains high proportion of volatile alkali metal and heavy metal elements, the iron-containing dust and mud is pressed into particle materials, which is beneficial to avoiding the defect that the iron-containing dust and mud is wrapped on the outer layer of a small granulation ball to be easily removed as adhesive powder, and the organic binder added in the briquetting process has strong binding property on one hand, so that the core particle structure is compact, the harmful elements are easily volatilized, and on the other hand, slaked lime with fluxing action generates liquid phase in the sintering high-temperature process to hinder the removal of the harmful elements, thereby effectively reducing the emission of fine particles formed by volatilization-condensation of the volatile harmful elements.
As a preferable mode, the total mass of the iron-containing dust and the fine iron ore accounts for more than 80% of the total mass of the iron-containing dust, the fine iron ore and the coarse iron ore, and the mass of the fine iron ore accounts for more than 70% of the total mass of the iron-containing dust, the fine iron ore and the coarse iron ore; the mass percentage content of the particles with the particle size of less than 0.5mm in the iron-containing dust mud is not less than 75%.
Preferably, the iron-containing dust comprises byproduct dust, gas ash, gas mud and converter mud of iron and steel enterprises, and byproduct sulfuric acid slag produced by acid manufacturing enterprises.
The invention provides a method for producing low-dust particle emission granules based on high-proportion micro-fine particle materials, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, mixing raw materials including fine iron ore, flux, fuel and binder by using a powerful mixer to obtain a mixed material I;
pressing raw materials including iron-containing dust mud, a binder and slaked lime into granular materials with the grain diameter of 3-5 mm in advance by using a briquetting machine;
mixing raw materials including coarse-grained iron ore and return fines through a cylinder to obtain a mixed material II;
granulating the mixed material I, the granular material and the mixed material II for 3-5 min by a cylinder mixer, and spraying a fog-shaped low-concentration binder solution in the granulating process;
compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) by adopting the method provided by the invention, according to the difference of the mixing difficulty and the granulating difficulty of different types of iron-containing materials, the fine iron-containing dust mud with poor mixing and granulating performances is pre-pressed into small particles with the particle size of 3-5 mm, and the effect of adhering powder is generally changed into the effect of nucleating the particles in the granulating process, so that the problem of insufficient proportion of nucleating particles in the granulating process of high-proportion fine materials is solved, and the negative effect of poor granulating pellet strength caused by the dust-containing mud serving as the adhering powder is avoided; and preferably, a powerful mixer with better mixing effect than that of a cylindrical mixer is adopted to mix the fine iron ore, so that the method is beneficial to fully mixing water, flux, fuel and the iron-containing raw material, and especially, the uniform dispersion of quicklime in the water and the flux on the surface of the fine iron ore plays an important role in promoting the formation of high-strength granulation balls with compact structures.
(2) By adopting the method provided by the invention, a small amount of high molecular organic binder is added in the process of uniformly mixing materials mainly containing fine iron ore, the materials can be fully dispersed on the surfaces of fine iron ore particles by utilizing the superior dispersion effect of a powerful mixer, fine particles can form small micelles with mechanical strength in advance by utilizing the bridging effect of high molecular chains, and if the small micelles fall off in the sintering, drying and preheating process, the particles entering the flue gas are also particles with good stability and larger particle size, which are easy to be removed by an electrostatic dust collector.
(3) By adopting the method provided by the invention, the atomized low-concentration binder solution is sprayed in the granulation process, so that the particle micro-aggregates formed by materials such as fine iron ore and the like can be formed and grown on the surfaces of the core particles in a layering manner, the granulation pellets with the mechanical strength greatly improved compared with the conventional method are formed, and the fine particles formed in the sintering, drying and preheating process through the falling way of the surfaces of the granulation pellets can be greatly reduced.
(4) Compared with iron ore, the iron-containing dust and mud is small in particle size and contains volatile alkali metals and heavy metal elements with higher proportion, the iron-containing dust and mud is pressed into particles with the particle size of 3-5 mm as core particles, the defect that the iron-containing dust and mud is easy to remove as adhesive powder wrapped on the outer layer of a granulating pellet is avoided, substances added in the briquetting process have strong adhesive property on one hand, the core particles are compact in structure, harmful elements are easy to volatilize, on the other hand, slaked lime with fluxing action generates liquid phase in the sintering high-temperature process to hinder harmful elements from being removed, and therefore fine particles formed by volatilization-condensation of the volatile harmful elements are effectively reduced.
By adopting the method provided by the invention, the strength of the granulated pellets is improved, and the volatilization of heavy metal and alkali metal elements in the iron-containing dust mud is inhibited, so that the PM formed by volatilization-condensation of volatile harmful elements through a way of falling off from the surfaces of the granulated pellets in the process of effectively reducing emission10、PM2.5The emission reduction ratio is respectively up to 25-50% and 20-40%.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully and in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described below.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the reagents and materials used in the present invention are commercially available products or products obtained by a known method.
Example 1
Fine iron ore, coarse iron ore, gas ash, flux, coke powder, return fines were weighed in mass percent as shown in table 1, wherein the relative ratio of fine iron ore, coarse iron ore, gas ash is shown in table 2, for example. Mixing fine iron ore, flux, coke powder and sodium carboxymethylcellulose for a period of 2min by using a powerful mixer, wherein the addition amount of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose accounts for 0.05 percent of the total mass of the fine iron ore, the flux and the coke powder; adding an additive formed by mixing sodium carboxymethylcellulose and slaked lime into the gas ash, uniformly mixing, and pressing into particles with the size of 3-5 mm by using a briquetting machine, wherein the adding proportion of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the slaked lime accounts for 0.5% and 0.5% of the gas ash respectively; mixing the coarse-grained iron ore and the flux uniformly by a cylinder mixerHomogenizing for 3 min; and (3) uniformly mixing or pressing the granules by using an intensive mixer, a briquetting machine and a cylinder mixer, feeding the granules into the cylinder mixer for granulating for 3min, and spraying 0.5% of mist sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution in a mass concentration in the uniformly mixing process, wherein the spraying amount is 0.6% of the total mass of the materials, and the diameter of small droplets of the mist solution is 0.15 mm. And (3) distributing the granulated mixture to a sintering trolley, igniting for 1min at the temperature of 1050 +/-50 ℃, preserving heat for 1min, and sintering under the condition of negative pressure of 14 kPa. After the invention is adopted, PM in the sintering flue gas10、PM2.5The emission concentration is reduced (see table 3), and process emission reduction is realized.
Example 2
Fine iron ore, coarse iron ore, gas ash, flux, coke powder, return fines were weighed in mass percent as shown in table 1, wherein the relative ratio of fine iron ore, coarse iron ore, gas ash is shown in table 2, for example. Mixing fine iron ore, flux, coke powder and sodium carboxymethylcellulose for a period of 2.5min by using a powerful mixer, wherein the addition amount of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose accounts for 0.05 percent of the total mass of the fine iron ore, the flux and the coke powder; adding an additive formed by mixing sodium carboxymethylcellulose and slaked lime into the gas ash, uniformly mixing, and pressing into particles with the size of 3-5 mm by using a briquetting machine, wherein the adding proportion of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the slaked lime accounts for 0.5% and 0.5% of the gas ash respectively; uniformly mixing the coarse-grained iron ore and the flux by adopting a cylinder mixer for 3.5 min; and (3) feeding the uniformly mixed or pressed granules which are uniformly mixed by the intensive mixer, the briquetting machine and the cylinder mixer into the cylinder mixer for granulating for 3.5min, spraying 0.5% of mist sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution in mass concentration in the uniformly mixing process, wherein the spraying amount is 1.0% of the total mass of the materials, and the diameter of small liquid drops of the mist solution is 0.10 mm. And (3) distributing the granulated mixture to a sintering trolley, igniting for 1min at the temperature of 1050 +/-50 ℃, preserving heat for 1min, and sintering under the condition of negative pressure of 14 kPa. After the invention is adopted, PM in the sintering flue gas10、PM2.5The emission concentration is reduced (see table 3), and process emission reduction is realized.
Example 3
Fine iron ore, coarse iron ore,The gas ash, flux, coke powder, and return fines were weighed in mass percent as shown in table 1, wherein the relative ratio of fine iron ore, coarse iron ore, and gas ash is shown in table 2, for example. Mixing fine iron ore, flux, coke powder and sodium carboxymethylcellulose for a period of 2.5min by using a powerful mixer, wherein the addition amount of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose accounts for 0.10 percent of the total mass of the fine iron ore, the flux and the coke powder; adding an additive formed by mixing sodium carboxymethylcellulose and slaked lime into the gas ash, uniformly mixing, and pressing into particles with the size of 3-5 mm by using a briquetting machine, wherein the adding proportion of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the slaked lime accounts for 0.8% and 1.0% of the gas ash respectively; uniformly mixing the coarse-grained iron ore and the flux by adopting a cylinder mixer for 3.5 min; and (3) feeding the uniformly mixed or pressed granules which are uniformly mixed by the intensive mixer, the briquetting machine and the cylinder mixer into the cylinder mixer for granulating for 3.5min, spraying 0.8% of mist sodium carboxymethylcellulose solution in mass concentration in the uniformly mixing process, wherein the spraying amount is 1.0% of the total mass of the materials, and the diameter of small liquid drops of the mist solution is 0.10 mm. And (3) distributing the granulated mixture to a sintering trolley, igniting for 1min at the temperature of 1050 +/-50 ℃, preserving heat for 1min, and sintering under the condition of negative pressure of 14 kPa. After the invention is adopted, PM in the sintering flue gas10、PM2.5The emission concentration is reduced (see table 3), and process emission reduction is realized.
Comparative example 1 (conventional sintering method)
Fine iron ore, coarse iron ore, gas ash, flux, coke powder, return fines were weighed in mass percent as shown in table 1, wherein the relative ratio of fine iron ore, coarse iron ore, gas ash is shown in table 2, for example. Mixing and granulating all the materials by a two-stage cylinder mixer for 3min and 3min respectively; distributing the granulated mixture on a sintering trolley, igniting for 1min at 1050 +/-50 ℃, preserving heat for 1min, sintering under the condition of negative pressure of 14kPa, and sintering PM in the sintering flue gas10、PM2.5The emission concentrations of (a) are shown in table 3.
Comparative example 2
Mixing fine iron ore, coarse iron ore, gas ash, flux, coke powder and return oreThe mass percentages are as shown in Table 1, wherein the relative ratios of fine iron ore, coarse iron ore and gas ash are as shown in Table 2. Mixing fine iron ore, flux and coke powder for a period of 2min by adopting a powerful mixer; pressing the gas ash into particles of 3-5 mm by using a briquetting machine; uniformly mixing the coarse-grained iron ore and the flux by adopting a cylinder mixer for 3 min; and (3) uniformly mixing or pressing the granules by using a powerful mixer, a briquetting machine and a cylinder mixer, and granulating for 3min by using the cylinder mixer. Distributing the granulated mixture on a sintering trolley, igniting for 1min at 1050 +/-50 ℃, preserving heat for 1min, sintering under the condition of negative pressure of 14kPa, and sintering PM in the sintering flue gas10、PM2.5The emission concentration and emission reduction ratio of (a) are shown in table 3. Although the method adopts the intensive mixer to mix the fine iron ore and presses the gas ash into small particles, the method does not add or spray additives with the functions of bonding, inhibiting the generation of particles and the like into the intensive mixed material, the briquetting material and the cylindrical granulating process, so that the prepared mixture reduces the emission of PM in the sintering process10、PM2.5The effect of (c) is poor.
Comparative example 3
Fine iron ore, coarse iron ore, gas ash, flux, coke powder, return fines were weighed in mass percent as shown in table 1, wherein the relative ratio of fine iron ore, coarse iron ore, gas ash is shown in table 2, for example. Mixing fine iron ore, flux, coke powder and sodium carboxymethylcellulose for a period of 2min by using a powerful mixer, wherein the addition amount of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose accounts for 0.05 percent of the total mass of the fine iron ore, the flux and the coke powder; pressing the gas ash into particles of 3-5 mm by using a briquetting machine; uniformly mixing the coarse-grained iron ore and the flux by adopting a cylinder mixer for 3 min; and (3) uniformly mixing or pressing the granules by using an intensive mixer, a briquetting machine and a cylinder mixer, feeding the granules into the cylinder mixer for granulating for 3min, and spraying 0.5% of mist sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution in a mass concentration in the uniformly mixing process, wherein the spraying amount is 0.6% of the total mass of the materials, and the diameter of small droplets of the mist solution is 0.15 mm. Distributing the granulated mixture to a sintering trolley at 1050 ±)Igniting for 1min at 50 ℃, preserving heat for 1min, and then sintering under the condition of negative pressure of 14 kPa. PM in sintering flue gas10、PM2.5The emission concentration and emission reduction ratio of (a) are shown in table 3. Although the method adopts a powerful mixer to mix the fine iron ore, presses the gas ash into small particles, and adds or sprays additives in the powerful mixed material and the subsequent cylinder granulation process, the method does not add additives with dual functions of bonding and fluxing in the gas ash briquetting process, thereby reducing PM emission of the prepared mixture in the sintering process10、PM2.5The effect of (c) is poor.
Comparative example 4
Fine iron ore, coarse iron ore, gas ash, flux, coke powder, return fines were weighed in mass percent as shown in table 1, wherein the relative ratio of fine iron ore, coarse iron ore, gas ash is shown in table 2, for example. Mixing fine iron ore, flux and coke powder for a period of 2min by adopting a powerful mixer; adding an additive formed by mixing sodium carboxymethylcellulose and slaked lime into the gas ash, uniformly mixing, and pressing into particles with the size of 3-5 mm by using a briquetting machine, wherein the adding proportion of the sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the slaked lime accounts for 0.5% and 0.5% of the gas ash respectively; uniformly mixing the coarse-grained iron ore and the flux by adopting a cylinder mixer for 3 min; and (3) uniformly mixing or pressing the granules by using a powerful mixer, a briquetting machine and a cylinder mixer, and granulating for 3min by using the cylinder mixer. And (3) distributing the granulated mixture to a sintering trolley, igniting for 1min at the temperature of 1050 +/-50 ℃, preserving heat for 1min, and sintering under the condition of negative pressure of 14 kPa. PM in sintering flue gas10、PM2.5The emission concentration and emission reduction ratio of (a) are shown in table 3. Although the method adopts the intensive mixer to mix the fine iron ore, presses the gas ash into small particles and adds the additives in the gas ash briquetting process, the additives which can inhibit the formation of the particles are not added or sprayed in the intensive mixing material and the pelletizing process, so that the PM emission reduction of the prepared mixture is realized in the sintering process10、PM2.5The effect of (c) is poor.
TABLE 1 percent by mass of sintering raw materials
| Sintering raw material | Mass percent/%) |
| Fine iron ore | 46.1 |
| Coarse grain iron ore | 11.0 |
| Iron-containing dust and mud | 4.3 |
| Coke powder | 4.0 |
| Quick lime | 5.0 |
| Limestone | 1.2 |
| Dolomite | 2.8 |
| Return ore | 25.6 |
| Total of | 100.00 |
TABLE 2 iron ore and iron-containing dust mass percent
| Sintering raw material | Fine iron ore | Coarse grain iron ore | Iron-containing dust and mud |
| Ratio/%) | 75 | 18 | 7 |
TABLE 3 sintering Process PM10、PM2.5Emission concentration and emission reduction ratio
Claims (10)
1. A method for producing low-dust particle emission granules based on high-proportion micro-fine particle materials is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) mixing raw materials including fine iron ore, a flux, a fuel and a binder A to obtain a mixed material I; mixing raw materials including coarse-grained iron ore and return fines to obtain a mixed material II;
2) pressing raw materials including iron-containing dust mud, a binder A and slaked lime into a granular material;
3) and mixing the mixed material I, the granular material and the mixed material II for granulation, and adding a binder B solution in a spraying mode in the granulation process to obtain granules.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
the mass of the binder A in the mixed material I accounts for 0.05-0.3% of the total mass of the fine iron ore, the flux and the fuel;
the mass of the binder A in the granular material accounts for 0.5-1% of the mass of the iron-containing dust mud;
the spraying amount of the binder B solution in the granules is 0.6-2.5% of the total mass of the granulated material;
the mass percentage concentration of the binder B solution is 0.5-2.0%.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
the binder A is at least one of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylamide, sodium humate, sodium alginate and modified starch;
the binder B is at least one of bentonite, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylamide, sodium humate, sodium alginate, modified starch and xanthan gum.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
the size fraction of the fine-fraction iron ore satisfies the following conditions: the mass percentage of the particles with the particle size of less than 0.5mm is more than 80 percent, and the mass percentage of the particles with the particle size of more than 1mm is not more than 10 percent;
the coarse-grain iron ore is other size-grade iron ore except fine-grade iron ore.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the mass of the slaked lime is 0.5-2.5% of that of the iron-containing dust and mud.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the particle size of the binder solution spray droplets is 0.01-0.2 mm.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the raw materials including the fine iron ore, the flux, the fuel and the binder are intensively mixed by an intensive mixer for 2-4 min.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the raw materials including the coarse-grained iron ore and the return ores are mixed by a cylinder, and the mixing time is 3-5 min.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: raw materials including iron-containing dust mud, a binder and slaked lime are pressed into a granular material with the grain diameter of 3-5 mm by a briquetting machine.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the total mass of the iron-containing dust mud and the fine iron ore accounts for more than 80% of the total mass of the iron-containing dust mud, the fine iron ore and the coarse iron ore, and the mass of the fine iron ore accounts for more than 70% of the total mass of the iron-containing dust mud, the fine iron ore and the coarse iron ore; the mass percentage content of the particles with the particle size of less than 0.5mm in the iron-containing dust mud is not less than 75%.
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