CN111900910A - Stepless speed regulation control circuit for single-phase alternating current motor - Google Patents
Stepless speed regulation control circuit for single-phase alternating current motor Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a stepless speed regulation control circuit of a single-phase alternating current motor, which is characterized in that: the device comprises four rectifier diodes, three field effect transistors, a current detection resistor, alternating current negative and positive half cycle synchronous signals and a modulation pulse speed regulation signal; the negative electrodes of the first rectifying diode and the second rectifying diode and the positive electrodes of the third rectifying diode and the fourth rectifying diode are respectively electrically connected with two output ends of an alternating current power supply, the positive electrodes of the first rectifying diode and the second rectifying diode are grounded, the negative electrodes of the third rectifying diode and the fourth rectifying diode are respectively electrically connected with the drain electrodes of the two field effect transistors, the source electrodes of the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor are respectively connected with the drain electrode of the third field effect transistor, and the source electrode of the third field effect transistor is grounded after being connected with a current detection resistor; two ends of the single-phase alternating current motor are connected between the drain electrodes of the two field effect transistors, alternating current negative and positive half cycle synchronous signals are respectively and electrically connected with the grids of the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor, and a modulation pulse speed regulation signal is connected with the grid of the third field effect transistor. The invention has simple circuit structure and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an alternating current motor speed regulation control circuit, in particular to a stepless speed regulation control circuit of a single-phase alternating current motor.
Background
At present, a single-phase alternating current motor in the market is a basic circuit framework formed by a main coil L1, an auxiliary coil L2 and a starting capacitor C, and is commonly called an alternating current induction motor or a squirrel-cage motor. The single-phase alternating current motor is often applied to small household appliances such as electric fans, water cooling fans, air cleaning purifiers and the like, is used as the most common power driving motor of the common small household appliances, and has the advantages of long service life, large torsion and low cost. Stepless speed control of single phase ac motors has been the goal of engineers.
At present, the speed regulation method for the single-phase alternating current motor in the market and the corresponding advantages and disadvantages thereof are mainly embodied as follows:
first, three-stage speed regulation is performed by a coil tap method, and the main circuit principle is shown in the attached figure 1. The number of turns of a coil in an alternating current motor is increased, a connector is taken out to be connected with a mechanical switch, and limited three-stage speed change is carried out by impedance increased by increasing the number of turns of the coil. The speed regulation mode has the advantages of no need of an electronic control board and low cost. The disadvantages mainly include: firstly, only limited three-stage or four-stage speed change can be carried out, and stepless speed regulation cannot be realized; secondly, because the speed is adjusted by increasing the impedance of the coil, the loss of the coil is large, the heat of the motor is easy to generate, and the efficiency is poor.
Second, stepless speed regulation by phase control, the principle of the main circuit and the waveform diagram of a single-phase ac motor are shown in fig. 2. The zero position signal of the AC power supply is detected, the singlechip sends out a driving signal with zero position detection, and then the bidirectional thyristor is used for cutting and controlling the phase of the power supply so as to achieve stepless speed regulation of the single-phase AC motor. The speed regulation mode has the advantages that stepless speed regulation can be realized, and the cost of the electronic control board is lower. The disadvantages mainly include: firstly, an alternating current motor is easy to generate electromagnetic cutting sound when running at a low rotating speed, and the noise is large; secondly, because the phase of the input power supply is changed to obtain the change of the average current, the speed of the motor is further changed, and the product is difficult to pass EMC/EMI safety certification.
Thirdly, stepless speed regulation by a frequency control method, the main circuit principle is shown in figure 3. The drive signal with zero position detection is sent out by the singlechip through the detection of the zero position signal of the alternating current power supply, and the bidirectional thyristor is subjected to switching control through the number of positive and negative half cycles within a certain time so as to achieve stepless speed regulation of the alternating current motor. The speed regulation mode has the advantages that stepless speed regulation can be realized, and the cost of the electronic control board is lower. The disadvantages mainly include: firstly, an alternating current motor runs under the on and off actions of the frequency, and the motor is easy to generate vibration noise; secondly, the rotating speed mode of the motor is changed by the number of the positive and negative half cycles within a fixed time, so that the fan blades of the motor are easy to be unbalanced.
Fourth, the H-bridge stepless speed regulation method is shown with reference to fig. 4. The method is that after the full wave rectification of the AC power supply is carried out by a DB1 rectifier bridge, the AC power supply is rectified into DC or pulse DC by a high-voltage capacitor C1 to supply power to the motor, then the zero position signal of the AC power supply is detected by the zero position detection and sent to a single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer sends out driving dislocation signals PWM1 and PWM2 with the zero position detection, the H bridge composed of four field effect transistors Q1-Q4 is symmetrically subjected to fast dislocation switching, and the stepless speed regulation of the AC motor is realized by modulating the width control of the pulse PWM1 and the PWM 2. The speed regulation mode has the advantage of high-precision stepless speed regulation. The disadvantages mainly include: firstly, after alternating current is converted into pure direct current or pulsating direct current, the alternating current is controlled by a single chip microcomputer to be output and an upper arm and a lower arm formed by an H bridge are driven to be converted into similar rotating waves or square waves again for output, conversion loss is easy to cause, and the electric energy utilization efficiency is poor; secondly, because a high-voltage capacitor C1, four field-effect transistors Q1-Q4, two high-voltage bootstrap circuits and four MOS transistor drive circuits are needed, the circuit architecture is complex and the cost is extremely high; thirdly, a high-voltage capacitor C1 is needed in the circuit framework, the volume of the high-voltage capacitor C1 is larger, and the volume of the whole circuit framework is larger; fourthly, alternating current is converted into pure direct current or pulse direct current and then converted into similar spin wave or spin wave for output, the modulated pulse PWM1 and the modulated pulse PWM2 need to be output in a staggered and symmetrical mode, software control procedures are complex, and MOS tubes are easily burnt out due to dead zones of motor phase change; because of direct current or pulsating direct current supply, the output wave type is six-step square wave or quasi-rotational wave, and the motor has high noise.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a stepless speed regulation control circuit of a single-phase alternating current motor, which can realize high-precision stepless speed regulation and has a simple circuit framework and low cost.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a stepless speed regulation control circuit of a single-phase alternating current motor is characterized in that: the device comprises a first rectifier diode, a second rectifier diode, a third rectifier diode, a fourth rectifier diode, a first field effect transistor, a second field effect transistor, a third field effect transistor, a current detection resistor, an alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal, an alternating current negative half cycle synchronous signal and a modulation pulse speed regulation signal; the negative electrode of the first rectifier diode is electrically connected with the second output end of the alternating current power supply, the negative electrode of the second rectifier diode is electrically connected with the first output end of the alternating current power supply, the positive electrodes of the first rectifier diode and the second rectifier diode are grounded, the positive electrode of the third rectifier diode is electrically connected with the first output end of the alternating current power supply, the positive electrode of the fourth rectifier diode is electrically connected with the second output end of the alternating current power supply, the negative electrode of the third rectifier diode is electrically connected with the drain electrode of the first field-effect tube, the negative electrode of the fourth rectifier diode is electrically connected with the drain electrode of the second field-effect tube, the source electrode of the first field-effect tube and the source electrode of the second field-effect tube are electrically connected with the drain electrode of the third field-effect tube, and the source; two ends of the single-phase alternating current motor are connected between the drain electrode of the first field effect transistor and the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor, the alternating current negative half cycle synchronous signal is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the first field effect transistor, the alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor, and the modulation pulse speed regulation signal is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the third field effect transistor;
in the positive half working period of the alternating current power supply, working current is sent out from a first output end of the alternating current power supply, passes through the single-phase alternating current motor after passing through the third rectifying diode, passes through the second field effect transistor, passes through the third field effect transistor and the current detection resistor, and then flows back to a second output end of the alternating current power supply through the first diode to form a current loop, and at the moment, working current waveforms of an alternating current positive half cycle can be obtained at two ends of the single-phase alternating current motor; in the negative half-cycle working period of the alternating current power supply, working current is sent out from the second output end of the alternating current power supply, passes through the single-phase alternating current motor after passing through the fourth rectifying diode, flows through the first field effect tube, the third field effect tube and the current detection resistor, and flows back to the first output end of the alternating current power supply through the second rectifying diode to form a current loop, and at the moment, working current waveforms of an alternating current negative half-cycle are obtained at two ends of the single-phase alternating current motor;
the pulse width of the modulation pulse speed regulation signal is adjusted, so that the size of average current in the same-phase ground alternating current positive and negative half waves is adjusted, and meanwhile, a back electromotive force generated by running the positive and negative half waves of the single-phase alternating current motor in a pulse low-level time is utilized to carry out a self-discharge loop for protecting the first field effect tube and the second field effect tube, so that the stepless speed control of the single-phase alternating current motor is realized.
The modulation pulse speed regulation signal can be provided by any external equipment, and the modulation pulse speed regulation signal in the invention is output by the singlechip in an analog mode.
The invention also comprises a power supply rectifying circuit, a voltage reducing circuit and an optical coupling isolation circuit, wherein two input ends of the bridge rectifying circuit are respectively and electrically connected with two output ends of the alternating current power supply, the output end of the bridge rectifying circuit is connected with the input end of the voltage reducing circuit, the output end of the voltage reducing circuit is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer to supply power to the single chip microcomputer, and a modulation pulse speed regulating signal output by the single chip microcomputer is firstly connected with the optical coupling isolation circuit and then is electrically connected with a grid electrode of a third field effect transistor through a.
In addition, the invention also comprises an alternating current negative half cycle synchronous signal detection circuit connected with the second output end of the alternating current power supply and an alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal detection circuit connected with the first output end of the alternating current power supply, wherein the alternating current negative half cycle synchronous signal detection circuit outputs an alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal, then the alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal passes through the first MOS tube driving circuit and is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the first field effect tube, and the alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal detection circuit outputs an alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal, and then the alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal passes through the second MOS tube driving circuit and is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the second field effect tube.
The invention also comprises a power-taking circuit, wherein two input ends of the power-taking circuit are respectively and electrically connected with the output end of the alternating current negative half cycle synchronous signal detection circuit and the output end of the alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal detection circuit, and the output end of the power-taking circuit can output direct current for the first MOS tube driving circuit, the second MOS tube driving circuit and the third MOS tube driving circuit.
The invention also comprises an over-temperature protection circuit electrically connected with the source electrode of the third field effect transistor and an over-current protection circuit electrically connected with the third MOS transistor driving circuit.
The single chip microcomputer is connected with a plurality of key switches for controlling the rotating speed of the single-phase alternating current motor, and the single chip microcomputer generates a pulse speed regulating signal with corresponding pulse width according to an input signal of the key switches. The user can press the corresponding key switch according to the actual requirement of the user, and the pulse speed regulating signal with the corresponding pulse width is output through the single chip microcomputer, so that the rotating speed of the single-phase alternating current motor is correspondingly controlled.
The single chip microcomputer can be further connected with a linear variable resistor and a control switch for controlling the resistance value of the linear variable resistor, and the single chip microcomputer converts a pulse speed regulating signal with corresponding pulse width according to the resistance value of the linear variable resistor, so that stepless regulation and control of the rotating speed of the single-phase alternating current motor are realized.
The single chip microcomputer can also be connected with a plurality of output control ends, and after each output control end is connected with the controllable silicon, the single chip microcomputer can control the on or off action of another single-phase alternating current motor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the main framework of the circuit is formed by only four diodes, three field effect MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes, an alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal, an alternating current negative half cycle synchronous signal and a modulation pulse speed regulation signal, and the circuit has the advantages of small volume, no EMI (electro magnetic interference)/EMC (electro magnetic compatibility) interference, no heat generation, low cost and high efficiency;
secondly, the alternating current motor is automatically supplied with power alternately by a third rectifier diode and a fourth rectifier diode directly through positive and negative half waves of the alternating current power supply, and two parts of a first MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube and a second MOS tube in the upper arm of the H-bridge, two groups of corresponding high-voltage bootstrap circuits and 2 groups of corresponding MOS tube driving circuits are replaced;
the first rectifying diode and the second rectifying diode are responsible for forming the common-ground effect of the whole control circuit; the third rectifier diode and the fourth rectifier diode can automatically change phases according to the power supply frequency, and a control program of traditional single chip microcomputer software for motor phase change is eliminated and simplified;
the third rectifier diode and the fourth rectifier diode can automatically change phases, and the problem of conversion efficiency is solved because alternating current is directly supplied;
and utilizing back electromotive force generated by positive and negative half-wave operation of the AC motor in the low level time of the speed regulation pulse to perform self-discharge loop to protect the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of three-stage speed regulation of an ac motor by a coil tap method in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit for realizing stepless speed regulation of an ac motor by a phase control method in the prior art and a waveform diagram of the ac motor.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit for realizing stepless speed regulation of an ac motor by a cycle number control method in the prior art and a waveform diagram of the ac motor.
Fig. 4 is a circuit schematic diagram of a method for realizing stepless speed regulation of an ac motor by an H-bridge in the prior art and a waveform diagram of the ac motor.
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a main framework circuit of a stepless speed regulation control circuit of a single-phase alternating current motor in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of waveforms at various points in fig. 5.
FIG. 7 is a waveform diagram of AC positive half cycle sync signal, AC negative half cycle sync signal, PWM signal and single-phase AC motor load according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a detailed circuit configuration diagram of the stepless speed regulation control circuit of the single-phase ac motor in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a diagram of a specific application scenario of the stepless speed regulation control circuit of the single-phase ac motor according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
The invention firstly provides a stepless speed regulation control circuit of a single-phase alternating current motor, wherein a main framework of the stepless speed regulation control circuit comprises a first rectifier diode D1, a second rectifier diode D2, a third rectifier diode D3, a fourth rectifier diode D4, a first field effect tube Q1, a second field effect tube Q2, a third field effect tube Q3, a current detection resistor RS, an alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal, an alternating current negative half cycle synchronous signal and a modulation pulse speed regulation signal PWM, and the circuit is shown in figure 5; the cathode of the first rectifier diode D1 is electrically connected with the second output end AC2 of the alternating current power supply, the cathode of the second rectifier diode D2 is electrically connected with the first output end AC1 of the alternating current power supply, the anodes of the first rectifier diode D1 and the second rectifier diode D2 are both grounded, the anode of the third rectifier diode D3 is electrically connected with the first output end of the alternating current power supply, the anode of the fourth rectifier diode D4 is electrically connected with the second output end of the alternating current power supply, the cathode of the third rectifier diode D3 is electrically connected with the drain of the first field-effect transistor Q1, the cathode of the fourth rectifier diode D4 is electrically connected with the drain of the second field-effect transistor Q2, the source of the first field-effect transistor Q1 and the source of the second field-effect transistor Q2 are both electrically connected with the drain of the third field-effect transistor Q3, and the source of the third field-effect transistor Q3 is grounded after being; two ends of a single-phase alternating current MOTOR are connected between the drain electrode of the first field effect transistor Q1 and the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor Q2, an alternating current negative half cycle synchronous signal is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the first field effect transistor Q1, an alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor Q2, and a modulation pulse speed regulation signal PWM is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the third field effect transistor;
in the positive half working period of the alternating current power supply, working current is sent out from a first output end AC1 of the alternating current power supply, passes through a third rectifying diode D3, then passes through a single-phase alternating current MOTOR MOTOR, passes through a second field effect transistor Q2, then passes through a third field effect transistor Q3 and a current detection resistor RS, and then flows back to a second output end AC2 of the alternating current power supply through the first diode D1 to form a current loop, and at the moment, two ends of the single-phase alternating current MOTOR can obtain a working current waveform of the positive half cycle of the alternating current; in the negative half-cycle of the alternating current power supply, working current is sent out from a second output end AC2 of the alternating current power supply, passes through a fourth rectifying diode D4, then passes through a single-phase alternating current MOTOR MOTOR, passes through a first field effect tube Q1, then passes through a third field effect tube Q3 and a current detection resistor RS, and then flows back to a first output end AC1 of the alternating current power supply through a second rectifying diode D2 to form a current loop, and at the moment, working current waveforms of an alternating current negative half-cycle can be obtained at two ends of the single-phase alternating current MOTOR; at this time, a rotating wave voltage is obtained at two ends of the single-phase alternating current motor, and each point waveform diagram is shown in detail in fig. 6;
the pulse width of the modulation pulse speed regulation signal is adjusted, so that the size of average current in the same-phase ground alternating current positive and negative half waves is adjusted, and meanwhile, a self-discharging loop is performed by utilizing back electromotive force generated by running the positive and negative half waves of the single-phase alternating current motor in a pulse low-level time, so that the first field effect tube and the second field effect tube are protected, and further, the stepless speed control of the single-phase alternating current motor is realized. Fig. 7 is a waveform diagram of the ac positive half cycle synchronizing signal, the ac negative half cycle synchronizing signal, the modulated pulse speed signal, and the load of the single-phase ac motor.
The modulation pulse speed regulation signal can be provided by any external device, in this embodiment, the modulation pulse speed regulation signal is output by a single chip microcomputer, and therefore the stepless speed regulation control circuit of the single-phase alternating current motor provided by this embodiment further includes the single chip microcomputer for generating the modulation pulse speed regulation signal, a power supply rectification circuit, a voltage reduction circuit and an optical coupling isolation circuit, wherein two input ends of the bridge rectification circuit are respectively electrically connected with two output ends of the alternating current power supply, an output end of the bridge rectification circuit is connected with an input end of the voltage reduction circuit, an output end of the voltage reduction circuit is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer for supplying power to the single chip microcomputer, the modulation pulse speed regulation signal output by the single chip microcomputer is firstly connected with the optical coupling isolation circuit, and then.
In this embodiment, the ac positive half cycle synchronizing signal and the ac negative half cycle synchronizing signal are detected and provided by the ac negative half cycle synchronizing signal detecting circuit and the ac positive half cycle synchronizing signal detecting circuit, specifically, the second output terminal of the ac power supply is connected to the ac negative half cycle synchronizing signal detecting circuit, the first output terminal of the ac power supply is connected to the ac positive half cycle synchronizing signal detecting circuit, the ac negative half cycle synchronizing signal detecting circuit outputs the ac negative half cycle synchronizing signal, and then the ac negative half cycle synchronizing signal passes through the first MOS transistor driving circuit and is electrically connected to the gate of the first field effect transistor Q1, the ac positive half cycle synchronizing signal detecting circuit outputs the ac positive half cycle synchronizing signal, and then the ac positive half cycle synchronizing signal passes through the second MOS transistor driving circuit and is electrically connected to the gate of the second field effect transistor Q2, as also shown in fig. 8.
The stepless speed regulation control circuit of the single-phase alternating current motor in the embodiment further comprises a power taking circuit, wherein two input ends of the power taking circuit are respectively and electrically connected with the output end of the alternating current negative half cycle synchronous signal detection circuit and the output end of the alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal detection circuit, and the output end of the power taking circuit can output direct current of more than 6V so as to be used by three groups of MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tube driving circuits which respectively drive three field effect tubes. In order to protect the single-phase alternating current motor, the source electrode of the third field effect transistor Q3 is electrically connected with an overcurrent protection circuit, and the third MOS transistor driving circuit is also electrically connected with an overtemperature protection circuit, which is also shown in fig. 8.
The ac negative half-cycle synchronizing signal detecting circuit includes two high-resistance resistors R3 and R4 connected in series, and the ac positive half-cycle synchronizing signal detecting circuit includes two high-resistance resistors R1 and R2 connected in series, as shown in fig. 9.
When the stepless speed regulation control circuit of the single-phase alternating current motor is applied specifically, a plurality of key switches which are connected with the single chip microcomputer and used for controlling the rotating speed of the single-phase alternating current motor can be arranged, and the single chip microcomputer generates a pulse speed regulation signal with corresponding pulse width according to an input signal of the key switches; the single chip microcomputer can be further connected with a linear variable resistor and a control switch for controlling the resistance value of the linear variable resistor, and the single chip microcomputer converts a pulse speed regulating signal with corresponding pulse width according to the resistance value of the linear variable resistor, so that stepless regulation and control of the rotating speed of the single-phase alternating current motor are realized. Besides controlling one single-phase alternating current motor, the single chip microcomputer is also connected with a plurality of output control ends, each output control end is connected with the controlled silicon to control the on or off action of another single-phase alternating current motor, and the other single-phase alternating current motor can be connected between the AC OUT1 and the AC-OUT2, and the reference is also shown in FIG. 9.
The stepless speed regulation control module of the single-phase alternating current motor has the advantages of high efficiency, high safety, easiness in processing, cost saving, easiness in maintenance, volume reduction and the like due to the fact that the circuit structure is simple and the EMI/EMC problem is avoided.
Claims (9)
1. A stepless speed regulation control circuit of a single-phase alternating current motor is characterized in that: the device comprises a first rectifier diode (D1), a second rectifier diode (D2), a third rectifier diode (D3), a fourth rectifier diode (D4), a first field-effect tube (Q1), a second field-effect tube (Q2), a third field-effect tube (Q3), a current detection Resistor (RS), an alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal, an alternating current negative half cycle synchronous signal and a modulation pulse speed regulation signal (PWM); wherein the cathode of the first rectifier diode (D1) is electrically connected with the second output end of the alternating current power supply, the cathode of the second rectifier diode (D2) is electrically connected with the first output end of the alternating current power supply, the anodes of the first rectifier diode (D1) and the second rectifier diode (D2) are both grounded, the anode of the third rectifier diode (D3) is electrically connected with the first output end of the alternating current power supply, the anode of the fourth rectifier diode (D4) is electrically connected with the second output end of the alternating current power supply, the cathode of the third rectifier diode (D3) is electrically connected with the drain of the first field-effect transistor (Q1), the cathode of the fourth rectifier diode (D4) is electrically connected with the drain of the second field-effect transistor (Q2), the source of the first field-effect transistor (Q1) and the source of the second field-effect transistor (Q2) are both electrically connected with the drain of the third field-effect transistor (Q3), and the source of the third field-effect transistor (Q3) is grounded after being connected with the; two ends of the single-phase alternating current motor are connected between the drain electrode of the first field effect transistor (Q1) and the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor (Q2), an alternating current negative half cycle synchronous signal is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the first field effect transistor (Q1), an alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the second field effect transistor (Q2), and a modulation pulse speed regulation signal (PWM) is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the third field effect transistor;
in the positive half working period of the alternating current power supply, working current is sent out from the first output end of the alternating current power supply, passes through the third rectifying diode (D3), then passes through the single-phase alternating current motor, passes through the second field-effect tube (Q2), then passes through the third field-effect tube (Q3) and the current detection Resistor (RS), and then flows back to the second output end of the alternating current power supply through the first diode (D1) to form a current loop, and at the moment, working current waveforms of a positive alternating half period can be obtained at two ends of the single-phase alternating current motor; in the negative half-cycle of the alternating current power supply, working current is sent out from the second output end of the alternating current power supply, passes through the fourth rectifying diode (D4), then passes through the single-phase alternating current motor, passes through the first field-effect tube (Q1), then passes through the third field-effect tube (Q3) and the current detection Resistor (RS), and then flows back to the first output end of the alternating current power supply through the second rectifying diode (D2) to form a current loop, and at the moment, working current waveforms of an alternating current negative half-cycle can be obtained at two ends of the single-phase alternating current motor;
the pulse width of the modulation pulse speed regulation signal is adjusted, so that the average current in the same-phase ground alternating current positive and negative half waves is adjusted, and meanwhile, a back electromotive force generated by the running of the positive and negative half waves of the single-phase alternating current motor in the low level time of the speed regulation pulse is utilized to carry out a self-discharge loop so as to protect the first field effect tube and the second field effect tube and further realize the stepless speed control of the single-phase alternating current motor.
2. The stepless speed regulation control circuit of the single-phase alternating current motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device also comprises a singlechip used for generating the modulation pulse speed regulation signal.
3. The stepless speed regulation control circuit of the single-phase alternating current motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: the voltage reduction circuit is connected with the output end of the bridge rectifier circuit and is electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer to supply power to the single chip microcomputer, the modulation pulse speed regulation signal output by the single chip microcomputer is connected with the optical coupling isolation circuit firstly, and then is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the third field effect transistor through the third MOS transistor driving circuit.
4. The stepless speed regulation control circuit of the single-phase alternating current motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal detection circuit outputs alternating current negative half cycle synchronous signals, then the alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signals are electrically connected with a grid electrode of the first field effect transistor after passing through the first MOS transistor driving circuit, and the alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal detection circuit outputs alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signals, and then the alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signals are electrically connected with a grid electrode of the second field effect transistor after passing through the second MOS transistor driving circuit.
5. The stepless speed regulation control circuit of the single-phase alternating current motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: the power supply circuit is characterized by further comprising a power supply circuit, wherein two input ends of the power supply circuit are respectively and electrically connected with the output end of the alternating current negative half cycle synchronous signal detection circuit and the output end of the alternating current positive half cycle synchronous signal detection circuit, and the output end of the power supply circuit can output direct current for the first MOS tube driving circuit and the second MOS tube driving circuit.
6. The stepless speed regulation control circuit of the single-phase alternating current motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: the over-temperature protection circuit is electrically connected with the source electrode of the third field effect transistor, and the over-current protection circuit is electrically connected with the third MOS transistor driving circuit.
7. The stepless speed regulation control circuit of the single-phase alternating current motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: the single chip microcomputer is connected with a plurality of key switches for controlling the rotating speed of the single-phase alternating current motor, and the single chip microcomputer generates a pulse speed regulating signal with corresponding pulse width according to an input signal of the key switches.
8. The stepless speed regulation control circuit of the single-phase alternating current motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: the single chip microcomputer is also connected with a linear variable resistor and a control switch for controlling the resistance value of the linear variable resistor, and the single chip microcomputer converts a pulse speed regulating signal with corresponding pulse width according to the resistance value of the linear variable resistor, so that stepless regulation and control of the rotating speed of the single-phase alternating current motor are realized.
9. The stepless speed regulation control circuit of the single-phase alternating current motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: the single chip microcomputer is also connected with a plurality of output control ends, and each output control end is connected with the controlled silicon and then controls the on or off action of the other single-phase alternating current motor.
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| CN202010767444.3A CN111900910B (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Stepless speed regulating control circuit for single-phase ac motor |
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| CN202010767444.3A CN111900910B (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Stepless speed regulating control circuit for single-phase ac motor |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102170238A (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2011-08-31 | 天宝电子（惠州）有限公司 | AC (alternating-current) rectifying circuit with PFC (power factor correction) function |
| CN109217775A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2019-01-15 | 珠海市诚立信电子科技有限公司 | A kind of stepless speed regulation circuit driving alternating current generator |
| TWM607373U (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2021-02-11 | 林彩雲 | Stepless speed regulation control circuit of single-phase AC motor |
| CN213125886U (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2021-05-04 | 浙江奥科半导体有限公司 | Stepless speed regulation control circuit for single-phase alternating current motor |
-
2020
- 2020-08-03 CN CN202010767444.3A patent/CN111900910B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102170238A (en) * | 2011-05-05 | 2011-08-31 | 天宝电子（惠州）有限公司 | AC (alternating-current) rectifying circuit with PFC (power factor correction) function |
| CN109217775A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2019-01-15 | 珠海市诚立信电子科技有限公司 | A kind of stepless speed regulation circuit driving alternating current generator |
| CN213125886U (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2021-05-04 | 浙江奥科半导体有限公司 | Stepless speed regulation control circuit for single-phase alternating current motor |
| TWM607373U (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2021-02-11 | 林彩雲 | Stepless speed regulation control circuit of single-phase AC motor |
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| CN111900910B (en) | 2024-06-18 |
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