CN111900760B - Configuration optimization and starting method and system for large island operation mode of offshore wind farm - Google Patents

Configuration optimization and starting method and system for large island operation mode of offshore wind farm Download PDF

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CN111900760B
CN111900760B CN202010687792.XA CN202010687792A CN111900760B CN 111900760 B CN111900760 B CN 111900760B CN 202010687792 A CN202010687792 A CN 202010687792A CN 111900760 B CN111900760 B CN 111900760B
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load
yaw
diesel generator
active
fan
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CN111900760A (en
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郑明�
徐晓燕
陆莹
唐文虎
陈夏
辛妍丽
刘刚
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China Energy Engineering Group Guangdong Electric Power Design Institute Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/388—Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/14—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
    • H02J3/144—Demand-response operation of the power transmission or distribution network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/10—The dispersed energy generation being of fossil origin, e.g. diesel generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y02B70/3225—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems
    • Y04S20/222—Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving

Abstract

The invention provides a configuration optimization and starting method and a system for a large island operation mode of an offshore wind farm, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a device list and all device parameters in a large island operation mode according to an electrical design drawing of an offshore wind farm; calculating the active consumption and the reactive consumption of each device in the large island operation mode of the offshore wind farm; determining the number of devices to be accessed and fans; determining the capacity and the number of reactors, and determining the large island mode system structures of the offshore wind power plant in different scenes by combining the number of the devices to be accessed and the fans; and determining the starting and putting-in operation sequence of each device. Compared with the existing offshore wind farm configuration and starting method, the invention provides the configuration optimization and starting method of the offshore wind farm large island operation mode, the difference of configuration schemes and starting operation under various scenes is considered, the configuration schemes are comprehensively optimized from two aspects of frequency and reactive power balance of a large island system at multiple angles, and a reliable starting process is provided.

Description

Configuration optimization and starting method and system for large island operation mode of offshore wind farm
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of offshore wind farm island system configuration, in particular to a configuration optimization and starting method and system for an offshore wind farm large island operation mode.
Background
When the offshore wind farm is sent out of the submarine cable at high voltage to cause an accident or the offshore wind farm is sent out of the overhead line on land to cause a fault, the offshore wind farm loses the external power grid connection. The offshore wind turbine generator has a certain capability of maintaining communication control in a short time after power failure, but does not have the capability of resisting operation of high-power motors such as salt spray, yaw, feathering and the like. Meanwhile, according to the standard requirements, the offshore boosting transformer substation needs to be provided with an emergency power supply, so that emergency loads such as a communication power supply, a monitoring power supply, emergency lighting, emergency ventilation, a fire-fighting fire system, escape equipment and navigation equipment are guaranteed. Besides being used as one of emergency power supplies of offshore booster stations, diesel generator sets are also used for providing a standby power supply for wind turbine generators under the isolated grid condition in projects, so that auxiliary equipment in the wind turbine generators can be kept in a working state in a power supply mode of the power supply after the power grid is powered off for a certain time, and the mode is called as a large isolated island mode by Siemens corporation.
In the existing offshore wind farm large island mode design, the configurable capacity of a diesel generator is limited by the space of an offshore booster station and is considered by cost, and the capacity of the diesel generator can only meet the total amount of emergency loads of the offshore wind farm booster station and auxiliary loads of all fans. In practice, if the transformer loss of the large-capacity wind generating set and the yaw load of the wind driven generator are considered, and the installed quantity of the offshore wind farm is likely to be amplified later, the auxiliary diesel generator cannot meet the power consumption requirements of all auxiliary equipment in the large island mode of the offshore wind farm. In addition, a reactor is required to be configured to compensate the charging power of the submarine cable, the compensation mode of a single large reactor is only suitable for grid-connected operation of an offshore wind farm, and the switching of the large reactor in the starting process of a large island operation mode can cause voltage fluctuation of a system and even overvoltage; because the capacity of the diesel generator is limited, the large-capacity reactor and the submarine cable are simultaneously connected into the system in steady-state operation, and even if the reactor just compensates the reactive power of the cable, the risk of system stability is increased.
In summary, the existing offshore wind farm large island operation mode system configuration has obvious defects. Under the limit of the capacity of the auxiliary diesel generator, the load capacity of the system, the number of cable strings and the configuration scheme of the reactor need to be optimized, and an operable large island operation scheme of the offshore wind farm is realized by adopting a starting mode matched with the system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a configuration optimization method and a starting mode of a large island operation mode of an offshore wind farm, namely after the capacity of a diesel generator is determined, an access feeder and equipment under the large island operation mode are drawn up based on the capacity and the configuration of the conventional grid-connected working condition of the offshore wind farm, a configuration scheme of a reactor is optimized, and finally the equipment starting and investment sequence of the large island operation mode of the offshore wind farm is given.
The invention discloses a configuration optimization and starting method of a large island operation mode of an offshore wind farm, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a device list and all device parameters in a large island operation mode according to an electrical design drawing of an offshore wind farm;
calculating the active consumption and the reactive consumption of each device in the large island operation mode of the offshore wind farm according to the device parameters;
determining the equipment to be accessed and the number of fans which can meet the auxiliary load power supply of the diesel generator under the scene of considering the yaw load and the scene of not considering the yaw load based on the active consumption of each equipment, the active capacity of the diesel generator and the switching power impact;
determining the capacity and the number of the reactors based on the maximum capacity value of cables and reactors which can be accessed when the diesel generator operates, the maximum value of single-time switching reactive load, the reactive consumption of each device and the reactive output range of the diesel generator, and determining the large island mode system structure of the offshore wind farm in different scenes by combining the number of devices to be accessed and fans;
and determining the starting and putting-in operation sequence of each device according to the large island mode system structures of the offshore wind power station in different scenes.
Further, the calculating the active consumption and the reactive consumption of each device in the large island operation mode of the offshore wind farm according to the device parameters includes:
accounting auxiliary load capacity and yaw load capacity of a wind driven generator to be connected in a large island mode of an offshore wind farm, load loss of a step-up transformer of a diesel generator, load loss of a grounding station-combining transformer, active loss of the step-up transformer of the wind driven generator and active loss of a submarine cable; and checking the reactive power consumption of a boosting transformer of the diesel generator, a grounding transformer and station transformer, a boosting transformer of the wind driven generator and a submarine cable.
Further, the calculating the active consumption and the reactive consumption of each device in the large island operation mode of the offshore wind farm according to the device parameters specifically includes:
the total active power consumption of the large island system of the offshore wind farm based on the diesel generator is determined by the following formula:
P∑＝NWT(PWT_load+PWT_Tr)+PST_load+PST_Tr+PDG_Tr；
wherein, P∑Is the total active power consumption of the system, NWTNumber of fans available for field testing, PWT_loadFor a single fan auxiliary load, PWT_TrFor active loss, P, of the blower step-up transformerST_loadFor emergency loading of offshore booster stations, PST_TrFor booster station with variable active loss, PDG_TrThe active loss is changed for the boosting of the diesel engine;
the booster station has variable active loss PST_TrIs determined by the following formula:
Figure GDA0003317367340000031
wherein P isST_Tr0Variable empty load loss, P, for offshore booster stationST_ratedFor offshore booster station with variable rated capacity, PST_Tr_rateIs seaThe upper booster station is used for reducing rated load loss;
the total reactive power consumption of the large island system of the offshore wind farm based on the diesel generator is determined by the following formula:
Q∑＝NWTQWT_Tr+QST_Tr+QDG_Tr+QL-QCable_total；
wherein Q∑For the total reactive power consumption of the system, QWT_TrFor the reactive power consumption, Q, of the step-up transformer of a single fanST_TrFor station of booster station with variable reactive power consumption, QDG_TrFor step-up and variable reactive power consumption, Q, of diesel enginesLFor total reactive power consumption, Q, of the reactor groupCable_totalThe total reactive power consumption of the submarine cable;
the reactive power consumption of the transformer is determined by the following formula:
Figure GDA0003317367340000041
wherein S isTrTo the transformer capacity, PTr0For no-load losses of transformers, Qload、PloadRespectively reactive and active, Ud% is impedance voltage, U is rated voltage, I0% is no-load current;
the three-phase cable charging power may be determined by the following equation:
Figure GDA0003317367340000042
wherein f is the system frequency, ClIs the capacitance per unit length of cable, l is the length of cable, UL-LIs the cable line voltage.
Further, the determining, based on the active consumption of each device, the active capacity of the diesel generator, and the switching power shock, the number of the fans, which are to be connected to the device, of the diesel generator and can satisfy the power supply of the auxiliary load of the diesel generator in a yaw load considering scene and a yaw load not considering scene includes:
comparing the active power consumption accounting result of the equipment with the capacity of the configured auxiliary diesel generator, and determining that the total active power consumption of the equipment to be accessed is not more than the active capacity of the diesel generator and is as close to the rated power as possible; under the active impact of single equipment switching, the diesel generator is required to be stable and the frequency deviation of the system is not more than +/-1 Hz, otherwise, the equipment capacity of single switching is reduced or a flexible switching mode is changed; whether the yaw load of the wind driven generator is accessed is divided into two scenes, the operation mode of a large island of an offshore wind farm is considered, and the topology and the device to be accessed of each scene are preliminarily determined.
Further, the determining, based on the active consumption of each device, the active capacity of the diesel generator, and the switching power shock, the number of fans which are to be connected to the device, and which can satisfy the power supply of the auxiliary load of the diesel generator in a yaw load considering scenario and a yaw load not considering scenario specifically includes:
according to the active accounting of relevant equipment and the capacity of the diesel generator, the inevitable consumed variable loss for the booster station, the load for the booster station and the loss of the booster transformer of the diesel generator are considered, the total active consumption of the equipment to be accessed is determined to be not more than the active capacity of the diesel generator, and the total active consumption is close to the rated power P as much as possibleDG_rate；
Whether the yaw load of the wind driven generator is connected into the wind driven generator is divided into two scenes, the operation mode of a large island of an offshore wind farm is considered, and when the yaw load is not considered, the number of the fans, which can meet the power supply requirement of the auxiliary load, of the diesel generator is determined according to the following formula:
Figure GDA0003317367340000051
when considering the yaw load, the maximum value P of the single change of the load acceptable to the diesel generator is determined△,maxUnder the active impact of single equipment switching, the diesel generator is required to be stable and the frequency deviation of the system is not more than +/-1 Hz, otherwise, the equipment capacity of single switching is required to be reduced or a flexible switching mode is adopted;
let a single fan yaw load be PWT_load_YawThe number of fans simultaneously inputting yaw load is NWT_Yaw，NWT_YawIs the largest integer satisfying the following formula:
NWT_YawPWT_load_Yaw≤PΔ,max
the number of fans that the diesel generator can supply power to its auxiliary load is:
Figure GDA0003317367340000052
further, based on the maximum capacity value of the cable and the reactor that can be accessed when the diesel generator operates, the maximum value of the single-time switching reactive load, the reactive power consumption of each device and the reactive power output range of the diesel generator, the capacity and the quantity of the reactor are determined, and the large island mode system structure of the offshore wind farm in different scenes is determined by combining the number of the devices to be accessed and the number of the fans, and the large island mode system structure comprises:
calculating the maximum capacity value of cables and reactors which can be accessed when the configured diesel generator operates from two aspects of steady-state operation and active disturbance, calculating the maximum value of single-switching reactive load from the reactive disturbance angle, and determining the capacity and the number of appropriate reactor groups by combining the reactive consumption calculation result of equipment and the reactive output range of the diesel generator;
when the yaw load of the wind driven generator is not considered in the large island operation mode of the offshore wind farm, the auxiliary load of the wind driven generator needs to be accessed as much as possible within the allowable range of the configuration of the reactor and the capacity of the diesel generator, and the number of cable strings correspondingly accessed to a current collecting line of a fan is also the largest; when the yaw load is considered, the number of connected fan current collection lines and the auxiliary load of the fan should be properly reduced, and active capacity is reserved for starting the yaw motor.
Further, the determining the starting and putting-in operation sequence of each device according to the offshore wind farm large island mode system structure of different scenes comprises:
in the large island operation modes under the two scenes, the cable strings are different in number, but the types of the contained equipment are the same, a similar starting mode is adopted, and the operation sequence is that a diesel generator is started, a diesel generator step-up transformer is put into use, a diesel generating feeder is switched on to charge a bus, and a grounding transformer and a station transformer are put into use; putting reactors with the total amount matched with that of a single string of submarine cables, then putting a string of cables, and repeating the process of putting the reactors and the cables until all the cables to be accessed are accessed; after the system is stabilized, putting fan step-up transformers one by one; after the system is stabilized again, firstly putting the offshore booster station emergency load, and then putting the fan auxiliary load one by one, wherein after the load is put, the rotating speed of the diesel generator needs to be waited for to be stabilized; the yawing load of the wind driven generator is a motor, and the yawing load can be put into operation one by one to complete yawing operation; the switching sequence of the two series of the power collecting lines is that firstly, the fan boosting transformer in one series of cables exits one by one, then the series of cables is cut off, then the other series of cables is switched on, and the fan boosting transformer and the fan auxiliary load on the series of cables are put into one by one.
Further, the determining the starting and commissioning operation sequence of each device according to the marine wind farm large island mode system structure of different scenes specifically includes:
the scene starting method without considering the yaw load comprises the following steps:
s001, starting the auxiliary diesel generator to a rated rotating speed and voltage state;
s002, switching on a diesel generator end breaker to charge a diesel generator step-up transformer, and stably operating for a period of time after a rated value is reached;
s003, charging a bus by a closing diesel generator inlet wire switch and a breaker;
s004, charging the grounding transformer and station transformer by a switch-on grounding transformer and station transformer switch and a breaker thereof;
s005, after reactor groups with the total capacity matched with a string of submarine cables are put into the reactor groups one by one, a return air fan current collecting circuit switch and a breaker are switched on to charge the submarine cables;
s006, charging a fan transformer by a 35 kV-side circuit breaker of 1 fan step-up transformer which is closest to the bus in electrical distance on a closing fan current collecting line, detecting the bus voltage and the output current of the diesel generator, and keeping the system in the state to operate for a period of time after the bus voltage returns to a rated state and the output current amplitude of the diesel generator is stable;
s007, repeating the step S006, and putting the fan step-up transformers which are not put into the fan power collecting line into the power collecting line one by one;
s008, repeating the steps S005 to S007, and putting all the cable strings and the fan transformers to be accessed into the system;
s009, throwing loads for the non-power station of the offshore booster station, and throwing auxiliary loads of all fans connected to the cable string one by one;
the scene starting method considering the yaw load comprises the following steps:
the starting operation is the same as a scene starting method without considering yaw load, and the difference is the number of the transformer and the auxiliary load of the fan; after the operation of a scene starting method S01-S09 without considering yaw load is finished, putting in single fan yaw load, quitting the yaw load after the fan yaw work is finished, putting in the yaw load of the next fan, and repeating the steps to finally finish the yaw work of all fans connected into the large island system;
the starting method of the residual fans which are not connected comprises the following steps:
s011, selecting current collecting circuits of two fans to be switched;
s012, quitting all the loads accessed in the system one by one;
s013, quitting the fan transformers on the fan current collecting lines to be replaced one by one;
s014, disconnecting a fan current collecting circuit breaker and a switch to be replaced, and connecting a fan current collecting circuit to be switched;
s015, putting the switched fan transformers on the fan current collecting lines one by one;
and S016, putting loads for the non-power stations of the offshore booster station, and putting auxiliary loads of all the fans on the switched fan power collecting lines one by one.
Further, the obtaining of the equipment list and the equipment parameters in the large island operation mode according to the electrical design drawing of the offshore wind farm specifically includes:
the method comprises the steps of arranging an auxiliary load and yaw load list of a wind driven generator in an offshore wind power plant system, a related parameter list of a booster transformer of a diesel generator, a station transformer and a fan booster transformer of a grounding transformer, a cable model parameter list in the offshore wind power plant and a diesel generator parameter list.
The invention also provides a configuration optimization and starting system of the large island operation mode of the offshore wind farm, which comprises the following steps:
the device list and each device parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring the device list and each device parameter in the large island operation mode according to the electrical design drawing of the offshore wind farm;
the active consumption and reactive consumption calculation module is used for calculating the active consumption and reactive consumption of each device in the large island operation mode of the offshore wind farm according to the device parameters;
the system comprises a pseudo-access device and fan number determining module, a fan number determining module and a control module, wherein the pseudo-access device and fan number determining module is used for determining the pseudo-access device and the fan number of the diesel generator which can meet the requirement of auxiliary load power supply under the scene of considering yaw load and the scene of not considering yaw load based on the active consumption of each device, the active capacity of the diesel generator and switching power impact; the yaw load is active power of yaw system equipment such as a rectification inverter and a yaw motor of the wind driven generator during yaw, and the auxiliary load is active power of relevant equipment in a tower footing cabinet and a cabin cabinet which provide power for moisture prevention, dehumidification, heating, illumination, monitoring, fire protection and the like of the wind driven generator in an operation maintenance scene;
the determining module of the offshore wind farm large island mode system structure is used for determining the capacity and the number of the reactors based on the maximum capacity value of cables and reactors which can be accessed when the diesel generator operates, the maximum value of single-time switching reactive load, the reactive power consumption of each device and the reactive power output range of the diesel generator, and determining the offshore wind farm large island mode system structures in different scenes by combining the number of devices to be accessed and fans;
and the starting and putting-in operation sequence determining module of each device is used for determining the starting and putting-in operation sequence of each device according to the large island mode system structures of the offshore wind power station in different scenes.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a configuration optimization and starting method of a large island operation mode of an offshore wind farm, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a device list and all device parameters in a large island operation mode according to an electrical design drawing of an offshore wind farm; calculating the active consumption and the reactive consumption of each device in the large island operation mode of the offshore wind farm according to the device parameters; determining the equipment to be accessed and the number of fans which can meet the auxiliary load power supply of the diesel generator under the scene of considering the yaw load and the scene of not considering the yaw load based on the active consumption of each equipment, the active capacity of the diesel generator and the switching power impact; determining the capacity and the number of the reactors based on the maximum capacity value of cables and reactors which can be accessed when the diesel generator operates, the maximum value of single-time switching reactive load, the reactive consumption of each device and the reactive output range of the diesel generator, and determining the large island mode system structure of the offshore wind farm in different scenes by combining the number of devices to be accessed and fans; and determining the starting and putting-in operation sequence of each device according to the large island mode system structures of the offshore wind power station in different scenes. Compared with the existing offshore wind farm configuration and starting method, the invention provides an offshore wind farm large island mode load, cable and reactor configuration scheme based on a diesel generator, and considers the difference of the configuration scheme and starting operation under various scenes, so that the configuration scheme is comprehensively optimized from two major aspects of frequency and reactive power balance of a large island system at multiple angles, and a reliable starting process is provided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a configuration optimization and starting method for a large island operation mode of an offshore wind farm according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a configuration optimization and starting method for a large island operation mode of an offshore wind farm according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a single-phase simplified circuit schematic diagram of a large island system of an offshore wind farm based on diesel generator power supply;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the diesel generator phasor change before and after the present invention is placed in a purely inductive load;
FIG. 5 is an exemplary diagram of the electrical structure of the large island system of the offshore wind farm of the present invention in a diesel generator;
fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a configuration optimization and start-up system of a large island operation mode of an offshore wind farm according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be understood that the step numbers used herein are for convenience of description only and are not intended as limitations on the order in which the steps are performed.
It is to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the specification of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The terms "comprises" and "comprising" indicate the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
The term "and/or" refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
A first aspect.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a configuration optimization and starting method for a large island operation mode of an offshore wind farm, including:
and S10, acquiring a device list and device parameters in a large island operation mode according to the electrical design drawing of the offshore wind farm.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of arranging an auxiliary load and yaw load list of a wind driven generator in an offshore wind power plant system, a related parameter list of a booster transformer of a diesel generator, a station transformer and a fan booster transformer of a grounding transformer, a cable model parameter list in the offshore wind power plant and a diesel generator parameter list.
In a specific embodiment, the obtaining a list of devices and parameters of each device in a large island operation mode according to an electrical design drawing of an offshore wind farm further includes:
acquiring a list of selected equipment in a large island operation mode and parameters of each equipment according to an offshore wind plant electrical design drawing; the method comprises the following steps that main primary equipment lists main parameters one by one, specifically lists auxiliary loads and yaw loads of wind driven generators in an offshore wind power plant system; the method comprises the following steps of (1) a diesel generator step-up transformer, a grounding transformer and station transformer and fan step-up transformer related parameter list mainly comprising transformer capacity, no-load current, no-load loss, rated load loss, impedance voltage and rated voltage; the cable model parameter list in the offshore wind power plant mainly comprises cable length and unit length equivalent capacitance; the diesel generator parameter table mainly comprises rated capacity, rated power factor, excitation regulator performance parameters and speed regulator regulation performance parameters, excitation regulation and speed regulator regulation models are complex, and regulation capacity of the diesel generator parameter table can be measured through tests.
And S20, calculating the active consumption and the reactive consumption of each device in the large island operation mode of the offshore wind farm according to the device parameters.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: accounting auxiliary load capacity and yaw load capacity of a wind driven generator to be connected in a large island mode of an offshore wind farm, load loss of a step-up transformer of a diesel generator, load loss of a grounding station-combining transformer, active loss of the step-up transformer of the wind driven generator and active loss of a submarine cable; and checking the reactive power consumption of a boosting transformer of the diesel generator, a grounding transformer and station transformer, a boosting transformer of the wind driven generator and a submarine cable.
In a specific embodiment, the calculating, according to the parameters of each device, the active consumption amount and the reactive consumption amount of each device in the large island operation mode of the offshore wind farm further includes:
the total active power consumption of the large island system of the offshore wind farm based on the diesel generator is shown as the following formula:
P∑＝NWT(PWT_load+PWT_Tr)+PST_load+PST_Tr+PDG_Tr；
wherein, P∑Is the total active power consumption of the system, NWTNumber of fans available for field testing, PWT_loadFor a single fan auxiliary load, PWT_TrFor active loss, P, of the blower step-up transformerST_loadFor emergency loading of offshore booster stations, PST_TrFor booster station with variable active loss, PDG_TrThe power loss is changed for the boosting of the diesel engine. PDG_TrThe rated load loss, P, of the step-up transformer of the diesel generator can be adoptedWT_TrNo-load loss, P, of the applicable blower transformerST_TrThen it needs to be calculated by:
Figure GDA0003317367340000131
wherein P isST_Tr0Variable empty load loss, P, for offshore booster stationST_ratedFor offshore booster station with variable rated capacity, PST_Tr_rateThe variable rated load loss is used for the offshore booster station.
The total reactive power consumption of the large island system of the offshore wind farm based on the diesel generator is shown as the following formula:
Q∑＝NWTQWT_Tr+QST_Tr+QDG_Tr+QL-QCable_total；
wherein Q∑For the total reactive power consumption of the system, QWT_TrFor the reactive power consumption, Q, of the step-up transformer of a single fanST_TrFor station of booster station with variable reactive power consumption, QDG_TrFor step-up and variable reactive power consumption, Q, of diesel enginesLFor total reactive power consumption, Q, of the reactor groupCable_totalThe total reactive power consumption of the submarine cable is realized. And the reactive power consumption of the transformer can be calculated by the following formula:
Figure GDA0003317367340000132
wherein S isTrTo the transformer capacity, PTr0For no-load losses of transformers, Qload、PloadRespectively reactive and active, Ud% is impedance voltage, U is rated voltage, I0% is the no-load current. The three-phase cable charging power can be estimated by the following formula:
Figure GDA0003317367340000133
wherein f is the system frequency, ClIs the capacitance per unit length of cable, l is the length of cable, UL-LIs the cable line voltage.
And S30, determining the devices to be accessed based on the active consumption of each device, the active capacity and switching power impact of the diesel generator, and the number of fans which can meet the requirement of the diesel generator for auxiliary load power supply under the scene of considering yaw load and the scene of not considering yaw load. The yaw load is active power of yaw system equipment such as a rectification inverter and a yaw motor of the wind driven generator during yaw, and the auxiliary load is active power of relevant equipment in a tower footing cabinet and a cabin cabinet which provide power for moisture prevention, dehumidification, heating, illumination, monitoring, fire protection and the like of the wind driven generator in an operation and maintenance scene.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: comparing the active power consumption accounting result of the equipment with the capacity of the configured auxiliary diesel generator, and determining that the total active power consumption of the equipment to be accessed is not more than the active capacity of the diesel generator and is as close to the rated power as possible; under the active impact of single equipment switching, the diesel generator is required to be not unstable and the frequency deviation of the system is not more than +/-1 Hz, otherwise, the equipment capacity of single switching is required to be reduced or a flexible switching mode is adopted. Whether the yaw load of the wind driven generator is accessed is divided into two scenes, the operation mode of a large island of an offshore wind farm is considered, and the topology and the device to be accessed of each scene are preliminarily determined.
In a specific embodiment, the determining, based on the active consumption of each device, the active capacity of the diesel generator, and the switching power shock, a device to be accessed, and the number of fans, which can satisfy the auxiliary load power supply of the diesel generator, of the diesel generator in a scenario in which the yaw load is considered and a scenario in which the yaw load is not considered further includes:
according to the active accounting of relevant equipment and the capacity of the diesel generator, the inevitable consumed variable loss for the booster station, the load for the booster station and the loss of the booster transformer of the diesel generator are considered, the total active consumption of the equipment to be accessed is determined to be not more than the active capacity of the diesel generator, and the total active consumption is close to the rated power P as much as possibleDG_rate. Whether the yaw load of the wind driven generator is connected into the wind driven generator is divided into two scenes, the operation mode of a large island of an offshore wind farm is considered, and when the yaw load is not considered, the number of the fans, which can meet the power supply requirement of the auxiliary load, of the diesel generator is determined according to the following formula:
Figure GDA0003317367340000141
when considering the yaw load, the maximum value P of the single change of the load acceptable to the diesel generator is determined△,maxAnd under the active impact of single equipment switching, the diesel generator is required to be not unstable and the frequency deviation of the system is not more than +/-1 Hz, otherwise, the equipment capacity of single switching is required to be reduced or a flexible switching mode is adopted. Let a single fan yaw load be PWT_load_YawThe number of fans simultaneously inputting yaw load is NWT_Yaw，NWT_YawIs the largest integer satisfying the following formula:
NWT_YawPWT_load_Yaw≤PΔ,max；
the number of fans that the diesel generator can supply power to its auxiliary load is:
Figure GDA0003317367340000151
s40, determining the capacity and the number of the reactors based on the maximum capacity value of the cables and the reactors which can be accessed during the operation of the diesel generator, the maximum value of the single-time switching reactive load, the reactive consumption of each device and the reactive output range of the diesel generator, and determining the large island mode system structures of the offshore wind farm in different scenes by combining the number of the devices and the fans to be accessed.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the maximum capacity value of cables and reactors which can be accessed when the configured diesel generator operates is calculated from two aspects of steady-state operation and active disturbance, the maximum value of single-switching reactive load is calculated from the reactive disturbance angle, and the proper capacity and the proper number of the reactor groups are determined by combining the reactive consumption calculation result of the equipment and the reactive output range of the diesel generator. When the yaw load of the wind driven generator is not considered in the large island operation mode of the offshore wind farm, the auxiliary load of the wind driven generator needs to be accessed as much as possible within the allowable range of the configuration of the reactor and the capacity of the diesel generator, and the number of cable strings correspondingly accessed to a current collecting line of a fan is also the largest; when the yaw load is considered, the number of connected fan current collection lines and the auxiliary load of the fan should be properly reduced, and active capacity is reserved for starting the yaw motor.
In a specific embodiment, the determining the capacity and the number of the reactors based on the maximum capacity value of the cable and the reactor that can be accessed during the operation of the diesel generator, the maximum value of the single-time switching reactive load, the reactive power consumption of each device and the reactive power output range of the diesel generator, and determining the large island mode system structure of the offshore wind farm in different scenes by combining the number of the devices to be accessed and the fans, further comprises:
in a large island system of an offshore wind farm, the total amount of auxiliary loads of a fan on a single-loop submarine cable and the total amount of reactive loss of a transformer are far smaller than the charging power of the cable, so that a reactor group matched with the single-loop submarine cable is required to be configured for reactive compensation, the system is generally required to be in an inductive load state through overcompensation, and the diesel generator is prevented from working in a phase-entering running state. Fig. 3 is a single-phase simplified circuit schematic diagram of a large island system of an offshore wind farm based on power supply of a diesel generator, and since active power consumption is much smaller than cable charging power in a large island mode, only reactive equipment is considered in the diagram, and the schematic diagram can be obtained from fig. 3:
Figure GDA0003317367340000161
wherein
Figure GDA0003317367340000162
Is phase voltage, omega is system angular frequency, C is equivalent grounding capacitance of cable, L is the part just compensating C charging power in the comprehensive equivalent inductance of reactor and transformer, L is the part just compensating C charging power0Is the equivalent inductance of inductive overcompensation. For ω and
Figure GDA0003317367340000163
differentiating to obtain:
Figure GDA0003317367340000164
since L exactly compensates C when the system is stable, the rated frequency is set to omeganRated voltage of
Figure GDA0003317367340000165
Then there are:
Figure GDA0003317367340000166
active load input willCausing fluctuations in the system frequency, the magnitude of which is related to the single input load and the prime mover speed regulation capability of the diesel generator. To simplify the analysis, only the maximum value of the permitted frequency fluctuation is taken into account. The fluctuation of the input frequency of the active load is set to be maximum and negative, the reactive output change of the diesel generator is also maximum at the moment, and
Figure GDA0003317367340000167
QDGmaxfor the maximum reactive output of the diesel generator, the following steps are provided:
Figure GDA0003317367340000168
when the total charging power Q of the cable isC＝QLWhen known, the maximum accessible total capacity of the reactor is as follows:
Figure GDA0003317367340000169
after the configurable maximum total capacity of the reactor group is obtained, the capacity of the configured single reactor needs to be calculated. Fig. 4 shows that the phasor of the diesel generator changes before and after the pure inductive load is input, the input of the reactive load directly causes the instantaneous change of the terminal voltage of the diesel generator, thereby causing the system voltage change, and the reasonable capacity of the reactor which is input once can be obtained according to the limitation of the variable quantity. Neglecting the resistance in the generator, if the diesel generator excitation is not changed after the pure inductive negative is put into use, the electromotive force
Figure GDA0003317367340000171
Unchanged due to increased reactive current
Figure GDA0003317367340000172
So that the d-axis voltage drop is increased, and the terminal voltage is increased according to kirchhoff's voltage law
Figure GDA0003317367340000173
Descend
Figure GDA0003317367340000174
To
Figure GDA0003317367340000175
Assuming the voltage drop allowed by the system is
Figure GDA0003317367340000176
The maximum reactor capacity that can be put into a single time is:
Figure GDA0003317367340000177
wherein Xd、XqRespectively a direct-axis reactance and a quadrature-axis reactance of the diesel generator IqIs a quadrature current. The results obtained by the above formula do not take the response of the diesel generator excitation system into account, and therefore are biased to be conservative, but can also be used as a single reactor capacity configuration reference.
In summary, an example of the electrical structure of a diesel generator based offshore wind farm large island system is shown in fig. 5.
And S50, determining the starting and putting-in operation sequence of each device according to the large island mode system structures of the offshore wind power plant in different scenes.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the cable strings in the large island operation modes in the two scenes are different, but the types of the contained equipment are the same, a similar starting mode is adopted, and the operation sequence is that a diesel generator is started, a diesel generator step-up transformer is put into use, a diesel generator feeder is switched on to charge a bus, and a grounding transformer and a station transformer are put into use. And putting the reactor with the total amount matched with the single string of submarine cable, then putting a string of cable, and repeating the process of putting the reactor and the cable until the cable to be accessed is completely accessed. After the system is stabilized, the blower step-up transformers are put into the system one by one. After the system is stabilized again, firstly putting the offshore booster station emergency load, and then putting the fan auxiliary load one by one, wherein after the load is put, the system needs to wait for the rotating speed of the diesel generator to recover to be stable. The yawing load of the wind driven generator is a motor, and the yawing load can be put into operation one by one to complete yawing operation. The switching sequence of the two series of the power collecting lines is that firstly, the fan boosting transformer in one series of cables exits one by one, then the series of cables is cut off, then the other series of cables is switched on, and the fan boosting transformer and the fan auxiliary load on the series of cables are put into one by one.
In a specific embodiment, the determining, according to the structures of the marine wind farm large island mode system in different scenarios, the start and commissioning operation sequence of each device further includes:
the scene starting method without considering the yaw load comprises the following steps:
s001, starting the auxiliary diesel generator to a rated rotating speed and voltage state;
s002, switching on a diesel generator end breaker to charge a diesel generator step-up transformer, and stably operating for a period of time after a rated value is reached;
s003, charging a bus by a closing diesel generator inlet wire switch and a breaker;
s004, charging the grounding transformer and station transformer by a switch-on grounding transformer and station transformer switch and a breaker thereof;
s005, after reactor groups with the total capacity matched with a string of submarine cables are put into the reactor groups one by one, a return air fan current collecting circuit switch and a breaker are switched on to charge the submarine cables;
s006, charging a fan transformer by a 35 kV-side circuit breaker of 1 fan step-up transformer which is closest to the bus in electrical distance on a closing fan current collecting line, detecting the bus voltage and the output current of the diesel generator, and keeping the system in the state to operate for a period of time after the bus voltage returns to a rated state and the output current amplitude of the diesel generator is stable;
s007, repeating the step S006, and putting the fan step-up transformers which are not put into the fan power collecting line into the power collecting line one by one;
s008, repeating the steps S005 to S007, and putting all the cable strings and the fan transformers to be accessed into the system;
s009, throwing loads for the non-power station of the offshore booster station, and throwing auxiliary loads of all fans connected to the cable string one by one;
the scene starting method considering the yaw load comprises the following steps:
the starting operation is the same as a scene starting method without considering yaw load, and the difference is the number of the transformer and the auxiliary load of the fan; after the operation of a scene starting method S01-S09 without considering yaw load is finished, putting in single fan yaw load, quitting the yaw load after the fan yaw work is finished, putting in the yaw load of the next fan, and repeating the steps to finally finish the yaw work of all fans connected into the large island system;
the starting method of the residual fans which are not connected comprises the following steps:
s011, selecting current collecting circuits of two fans to be switched;
s012, quitting all the loads accessed in the system one by one;
s013, quitting the fan transformers on the fan current collecting lines to be replaced one by one;
s014, disconnecting a fan current collecting circuit breaker and a switch to be replaced, and connecting a fan current collecting circuit to be switched;
s015, putting the switched fan transformers on the fan current collecting lines one by one;
and S016, putting loads for the non-power stations of the offshore booster station, and putting auxiliary loads of all the fans on the switched fan power collecting lines one by one.
Compared with the existing offshore wind farm configuration and starting method, the invention provides an offshore wind farm large island mode load, cable and reactor configuration scheme based on a diesel generator, and considers the difference of the configuration scheme and starting operation under various scenes, so that the configuration scheme is comprehensively optimized from two major aspects of frequency and reactive power balance of a large island system at multiple angles, and a reliable starting process is provided.
A second aspect.
Referring to fig. 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides a configuration optimization and start-up system for a large island operation mode of an offshore wind farm, including:
the equipment list and each equipment parameter acquisition module 10 is used for acquiring the equipment list and each equipment parameter in the large island operation mode according to the electrical design drawing of the offshore wind farm.
The active consumption and reactive consumption calculation module 20 is configured to calculate active consumption and reactive consumption of each device in the large island operation mode of the offshore wind farm according to the device parameters.
The pseudo-access equipment and fan number determination module 30 is configured to determine pseudo-access equipment based on the active consumption of each equipment, the active capacity of the diesel generator, and switching power shock, and the number of fans that the diesel generator can meet the auxiliary load power supply in a scenario in which the yaw load is considered and a scenario in which the yaw load is not considered. The yaw load is active power of yaw system equipment such as a rectification inverter and a yaw motor of the wind driven generator during yaw, and the auxiliary load is active power of relevant equipment in a tower footing cabinet and a cabin cabinet which provide power for moisture prevention, dehumidification, heating, illumination, monitoring, fire protection and the like of the wind driven generator in an operation and maintenance scene.
The offshore wind farm large island mode system structure determining module 40 is used for determining the capacity and the number of the reactors based on the maximum capacity value of cables and reactors which can be accessed when the diesel generator operates, the maximum value of single-time switching reactive load, the reactive power consumption of each device and the reactive power output range of the diesel generator, and determining the offshore wind farm large island mode system structures in different scenes by combining the number of the devices to be accessed and the number of the fans.
The starting and commissioning operation sequence determining module 50 of each device is used for determining the starting and commissioning operation sequence of each device according to the large island mode system structure of the offshore wind farm in different scenes.

Claims (8)

1. A configuration optimization and starting method for a large island operation mode of an offshore wind farm is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a device list and all device parameters in a large island operation mode according to an electrical design drawing of an offshore wind farm;
calculating the active consumption and the reactive consumption of each device in the large island operation mode of the offshore wind farm according to the device parameters;
determining the equipment to be accessed and the number of fans which can meet the auxiliary load power supply of the diesel generator under the scene of considering the yaw load and the scene of not considering the yaw load based on the active consumption of each equipment, the active capacity of the diesel generator and the switching power impact;
determining the capacity and the number of the reactors based on the maximum capacity value of cables and reactors which can be accessed when the diesel generator operates, the maximum value of single-time switching reactive load, the reactive consumption of each device and the reactive output range of the diesel generator, and determining the large island mode system structure of the offshore wind farm in different scenes by combining the number of devices to be accessed and fans;
determining the starting and putting-in operation sequence of each device according to the large island mode system structures of the offshore wind power station in different scenes;
the method comprises the following steps of determining a device to be accessed based on the active consumption of each device, the active capacity of a diesel generator and switching power impact, and determining the number of fans, which can meet the requirement of auxiliary load power supply, of the diesel generator under a yaw load considering scene and a yaw load not considering scene, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
comparing the active power consumption accounting result of the equipment with the capacity of the configured auxiliary diesel generator, and determining that the total active power consumption of the equipment to be accessed is not more than the active capacity of the diesel generator and is as close to the rated power as possible; under the active impact of single equipment switching, the diesel generator is required to be stable and the frequency deviation of the system is not more than +/-1 Hz, otherwise, the equipment capacity of single switching is reduced or a flexible switching mode is changed; dividing whether to access yaw load of the wind driven generator into two scenes, considering a large island operation mode of an offshore wind farm, and primarily determining the topology and the simulated access equipment of each scene;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
according to the active accounting of relevant equipment and the capacity of the diesel generator, the inevitable consumed variable loss for the booster station, the load for the booster station and the loss of the booster transformer of the diesel generator are considered, the total active consumption of the equipment to be accessed is determined to be not more than the active capacity of the diesel generator, and the total active consumption is close to the rated power P of the diesel generator as much as possibleDG_rate；
Whether the yaw load of the wind driven generator is connected into the wind driven generator is divided into two scenes, the operation mode of a large island of an offshore wind farm is considered, and when the yaw load is not considered, the number of the fans, which can meet the power supply requirement of the auxiliary load, of the diesel generator is determined according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0003317367330000021
wherein N isWTNumber of fans available for field testing, PDG_rateRated power for diesel generators, PST_loadFor emergency loading of offshore booster stations, PST_TrFor booster station with variable active loss, PDG_TrFor the active loss, P, of the step-up transformer of a diesel engineWT_loadFor a single fan auxiliary load, PWT_TrActive loss of the booster transformer of the fan;
when considering the yaw load, the maximum value P of the single change of the load acceptable to the diesel generator is determined△,maxUnder the active impact of single equipment switching, the diesel generator is required to be stable and the frequency deviation of the system is not more than +/-1 Hz, otherwise, the equipment capacity of single switching is required to be reduced or a flexible switching mode is adopted;
let a single fan yaw load be PWT_load_YawThe number of fans simultaneously inputting yaw load is NWT_Yaw，NWT_YawIs the largest integer satisfying the following formula:
NWT_YawPWT_load_Yaw≤PΔ,max；
wherein N isWT_YawNumber of fans for yaw load, PWT_load_YawYaw load of a single fan, P△,maxIs the maximum value of single change of load;
the number of fans that the diesel generator can supply power to its auxiliary load is:
Figure FDA0003317367330000031
wherein N isWTNumber of fans available for field testing, PDG_rateRating diesel generatorsPower, PST_ratedFor offshore booster station with variable rated capacity, PST_Tr_rateFor offshore booster station with variable rated load loss, PDG_TrFor the active loss of the step-up transformer of a diesel engine, NWT_YawNumber of fans for yaw load, PWT_load_YawYaw load of a single fan, PWT_loadFor a single fan auxiliary load, PWT_TrThe active loss of the fan step-up transformer is realized.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calculating of the active consumption amount and the reactive consumption amount of each device in the offshore wind farm large island operation mode according to the device parameters comprises:
accounting auxiliary load capacity and yaw load capacity of a wind driven generator to be connected in a large island mode of an offshore wind farm, load loss of a step-up transformer of a diesel generator, load loss of a grounding station-combining transformer, active loss of the step-up transformer of the wind driven generator and active loss of a submarine cable; and checking the reactive power consumption of a boosting transformer of the diesel generator, a grounding transformer and station transformer, a boosting transformer of the wind driven generator and a submarine cable.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the calculating of the active consumption amount and the reactive consumption amount of each device in the offshore wind farm large island operation mode according to the device parameters specifically comprises:
the total active power consumption of the large island system of the offshore wind farm based on the diesel generator is determined by the following formula:
P∑＝NWT(PWT_load+PWT_Tr)+PST_load+PST_Tr+PDG_Tr；
wherein, P∑Is the total active power consumption of the system, NWTNumber of fans available for field testing, PWT_loadFor a single fan auxiliary load, PWT_TrFor active loss, P, of the blower step-up transformerST_loadFor emergency loading of offshore booster stations, PST_TrFor booster station with variable active loss, PDG_TrThe active loss is changed for the boosting of the diesel engine;
the booster station has variable active loss PST_TrIs determined by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003317367330000041
wherein P isST_Tr0Variable empty load loss, P, for offshore booster stationST_ratedFor offshore booster station with variable rated capacity, PST_Tr_rateThe variable rated load loss is used for the offshore booster station;
the total reactive power consumption of the large island system of the offshore wind farm based on the diesel generator is determined by the following formula:
Q∑＝NWTQWT_Tr+QST_Tr+QDG_Tr+QL-QCable_total；
wherein Q∑For the total reactive power consumption of the system, QWT_TrFor the reactive power consumption, Q, of the step-up transformer of a single fanST_TrFor station of booster station with variable reactive power consumption, QDG_TrFor step-up and variable reactive power consumption, Q, of diesel enginesLFor total reactive power consumption, Q, of the reactor groupCable_totalThe total reactive power consumption of the submarine cable;
the reactive power consumption of the transformer is determined by the following formula:
Figure FDA0003317367330000051
wherein S isTrTo the transformer capacity, PTr0For no-load losses of transformers, Qload、PloadRespectively reactive and active, Ud% is impedance voltage, U is rated voltage, I0% is no-load current;
the three-phase cable charging power may be determined by the following equation:
Figure FDA0003317367330000052
wherein f is the system frequency, ClIs the capacitance per unit length of cable, l is the length of cable, UL-LIs the cable line voltage.
4. The configuration optimization and starting method for the offshore wind farm large island operation mode according to claim 1, wherein the capacity and the number of the reactors are determined based on the maximum capacity value of cables and reactors which can be accessed during the operation of the diesel generator, the maximum value of single-time switching reactive load, the reactive consumption of each device and the reactive output range of the diesel generator, and the large island mode system structure of the offshore wind farm in different scenes is determined by combining the number of the devices to be accessed and the number of the fans, and the method comprises the following steps:
calculating the maximum capacity value of cables and reactors which can be accessed when the configured diesel generator operates from two aspects of steady-state operation and active disturbance, calculating the maximum value of single-switching reactive load from the reactive disturbance angle, and determining the capacity and the number of appropriate reactor groups by combining the reactive consumption calculation result of equipment and the reactive output range of the diesel generator;
when the yaw load of the wind driven generator is not considered in the large island operation mode of the offshore wind farm, the auxiliary load of the wind driven generator needs to be accessed as much as possible within the allowable range of the configuration of the reactor and the capacity of the diesel generator, and the number of cable strings correspondingly accessed to a current collecting line of a fan is also the largest; when the yaw load is considered, the number of connected fan current collection lines and the auxiliary load of the fan should be properly reduced, and active capacity is reserved for starting the yaw motor.
5. The method for optimizing configuration of an offshore wind farm large island mode of operation and starting up the same as set forth in claim 1, wherein the determining the starting up and putting into operation sequence of each device according to the offshore wind farm large island mode system structure of different scenes comprises:
in the large island operation modes under the two scenes, the cable strings are different in number, but the types of the contained equipment are the same, a similar starting mode is adopted, and the operation sequence is that a diesel generator is started, a diesel generator step-up transformer is put into use, a diesel generating feeder is switched on to charge a bus, and a grounding transformer and a station transformer are put into use; putting reactors with the total amount matched with that of a single string of submarine cables, then putting a string of cables, and repeating the process of putting the reactors and the cables until all the cables to be accessed are accessed; after the system is stabilized, putting fan step-up transformers one by one; after the system is stabilized again, firstly putting the offshore booster station emergency load, and then putting the fan auxiliary load one by one, wherein after the load is put, the rotating speed of the diesel generator needs to be waited for to be stabilized; the yawing load of the wind driven generator is a motor, and the yawing load can be put into operation one by one to complete yawing operation; the switching sequence of the two series of the power collecting lines is that firstly, the fan boosting transformer in one series of cables exits one by one, then the series of cables is cut off, then the other series of cables is switched on, and the fan boosting transformer and the fan auxiliary load on the series of cables are put into one by one.
6. The method for optimizing configuration of an offshore wind farm large island mode of operation and starting up the same as claimed in claim 1, wherein the determining the starting up and commissioning sequence of each device according to the offshore wind farm large island mode system structure of different scenes specifically comprises:
the scene starting method without considering the yaw load comprises the following steps:
s001, starting the auxiliary diesel generator to a rated rotating speed and voltage state;
s002, switching on a diesel generator end breaker to charge a diesel generator step-up transformer, and stably operating for a period of time after a rated value is reached;
s003, charging a bus by a closing diesel generator inlet wire switch and a breaker;
s004, charging the grounding transformer and station transformer by a switch-on grounding transformer and station transformer switch and a breaker thereof;
s005, after reactor groups with the total capacity matched with a string of submarine cables are put into the reactor groups one by one, a return air fan current collecting circuit switch and a breaker are switched on to charge the submarine cables;
s006, charging a fan transformer by a 35 kV-side circuit breaker of 1 fan step-up transformer which is closest to the bus in electrical distance on a closing fan current collecting line, detecting the bus voltage and the output current of the diesel generator, and keeping the system in the state to operate for a period of time after the bus voltage returns to a rated state and the output current amplitude of the diesel generator is stable;
s007, repeating the step S006, and putting the fan step-up transformers which are not put into the fan power collecting line into the power collecting line one by one;
s008, repeating the steps S005 to S007, and putting all the cable strings and the fan transformers to be accessed into the system;
s009, throwing loads for the non-power station of the offshore booster station, and throwing auxiliary loads of all fans connected to the cable string one by one;
the scene starting method considering the yaw load comprises the following steps:
the starting operation is the same as a scene starting method without considering yaw load, and the difference is the number of the transformer and the auxiliary load of the fan; after the operation of a scene starting method S01-S09 without considering yaw load is finished, putting in single fan yaw load, quitting the yaw load after the fan yaw work is finished, putting in the yaw load of the next fan, and repeating the steps to finally finish the yaw work of all fans connected into the large island system;
the starting method of the residual fans which are not connected comprises the following steps:
s011, selecting current collecting circuits of two fans to be switched;
s012, quitting all the loads accessed in the system one by one;
s013, quitting the fan transformers on the fan current collecting lines to be replaced one by one;
s014, disconnecting a fan current collecting circuit breaker and a switch to be replaced, and connecting a fan current collecting circuit to be switched;
s015, putting the switched fan transformers on the fan current collecting lines one by one;
and S016, putting loads for the non-power stations of the offshore booster station, and putting auxiliary loads of all the fans on the switched fan power collecting lines one by one.
7. The method for optimizing configuration and starting a large island operation mode of an offshore wind farm according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the equipment list and the equipment parameters in the large island operation mode according to the electrical design drawing of the offshore wind farm specifically comprises:
the method comprises the steps of arranging an auxiliary load and yaw load list of a wind driven generator in an offshore wind power plant system, a related parameter list of a booster transformer of a diesel generator, a station transformer and a fan booster transformer of a grounding transformer, a cable model parameter list in the offshore wind power plant and a diesel generator parameter list.
8. A configuration optimization and starting system for a large island operation mode of an offshore wind farm is characterized by comprising the following components:
the device list and each device parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring the device list and each device parameter in the large island operation mode according to the electrical design drawing of the offshore wind farm;
the active consumption and reactive consumption calculation module is used for calculating the active consumption and reactive consumption of each device in the large island operation mode of the offshore wind farm according to the device parameters;
the system comprises a pseudo-access device and fan number determining module, a fan number determining module and a control module, wherein the pseudo-access device and fan number determining module is used for determining the pseudo-access device and the fan number of the diesel generator which can meet the requirement of auxiliary load power supply under the scene of considering yaw load and the scene of not considering yaw load based on the active consumption of each device, the active capacity of the diesel generator and switching power impact;
the determining module of the offshore wind farm large island mode system structure is used for determining the capacity and the number of the reactors based on the maximum capacity value of cables and reactors which can be accessed when the diesel generator operates, the maximum value of single-time switching reactive load, the reactive power consumption of each device and the reactive power output range of the diesel generator, and determining the offshore wind farm large island mode system structures in different scenes by combining the number of devices to be accessed and fans;
the starting and putting-in operation sequence determining module of each device is used for determining the starting and putting-in operation sequence of each device according to the large island mode system structures of the offshore wind farm in different scenes;
the method comprises the following steps of determining a device to be accessed based on the active consumption of each device, the active capacity of a diesel generator and switching power impact, and determining the number of fans, which can meet the requirement of auxiliary load power supply, of the diesel generator under a yaw load considering scene and a yaw load not considering scene, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
comparing the active power consumption accounting result of the equipment with the capacity of the configured auxiliary diesel generator, and determining that the total active power consumption of the equipment to be accessed is not more than the active capacity of the diesel generator and is as close to the rated power as possible; under the active impact of single equipment switching, the diesel generator is required to be stable and the frequency deviation of the system is not more than +/-1 Hz, otherwise, the equipment capacity of single switching is reduced or a flexible switching mode is changed; dividing whether to access yaw load of the wind driven generator into two scenes, considering a large island operation mode of an offshore wind farm, and primarily determining the topology and the simulated access equipment of each scene;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
according to the active accounting of relevant equipment and the capacity of the diesel generator, the inevitable consumed variable loss for the booster station, the load for the booster station and the loss of the booster transformer of the diesel generator are considered, the total active consumption of the equipment to be accessed is determined to be not more than the active capacity of the diesel generator, and the total active consumption is close to the rated power P of the diesel generator as much as possibleDG_rate；
Whether the yaw load of the wind driven generator is connected into the wind driven generator is divided into two scenes, the operation mode of a large island of an offshore wind farm is considered, and when the yaw load is not considered, the number of the fans, which can meet the power supply requirement of the auxiliary load, of the diesel generator is determined according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0003317367330000091
wherein N isWTNumber of fans available for field testing, PDG_rateRated power for diesel generators, PST_loadFor emergency loading of offshore booster stations, PST_TrFor booster station with variable active loss, PDG_TrFor the active loss, P, of the step-up transformer of a diesel engineWT_loadFor a single fan auxiliary load, PWT_TrActive loss of the booster transformer of the fan;
when considering the yaw load, the maximum value P of the single change of the load acceptable to the diesel generator is determined△,maxUnder the active impact of single equipment switching, the diesel generator is required to be stable and the frequency deviation of the system is not more than +/-1 Hz, otherwise, the equipment capacity of single switching is required to be reduced or a flexible switching mode is adopted;
let a single fan yaw load be PWT_load_YawThe number of fans simultaneously inputting yaw load is NWT_Yaw，NWT_YawIs the largest integer satisfying the following formula:
NWT_YawPWT_load_Yaw≤PΔ,max；
wherein N isWT_YawNumber of fans for yaw load, PWT_load_YawYaw load of a single fan, P△,maxIs the maximum value of single change of load;
the number of fans that the diesel generator can supply power to its auxiliary load is:
Figure FDA0003317367330000101
wherein N isWTNumber of fans available for field testing, PDG_rateRated power for diesel generators, PST_ratedFor offshore booster station with variable rated capacity, PST_Tr_rateFor offshore booster station with variable rated load loss, PDG_TrFor the active loss of the step-up transformer of a diesel engine, NWT_YawNumber of fans for yaw load, PWT_load_YawYaw load of a single fan, PWT_loadFor a single fan auxiliary load, PWT_TrThe active loss of the fan step-up transformer is realized.
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