CN111894940A - Mechanical oil cylinder structure capable of automatically reciprocating - Google Patents

Mechanical oil cylinder structure capable of automatically reciprocating Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111894940A
CN111894940A CN202010776092.8A CN202010776092A CN111894940A CN 111894940 A CN111894940 A CN 111894940A CN 202010776092 A CN202010776092 A CN 202010776092A CN 111894940 A CN111894940 A CN 111894940A
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piston
cylinder
reversing
oil
piston rod
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CN111894940B (en
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冯炜
梁树臣
侯立东
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HeLi (Tianjin) Robot Technology Science and Technology Co., Ltd.
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Heli Tech Energy Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1447—Pistons; Piston to piston rod assemblies
    • F15B15/1452—Piston sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1457—Piston rods
    • F15B15/1461—Piston rod sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2215/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another
    • F15B2215/30—Constructional details thereof

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Abstract

本发明的一种机械式自动往复运动的油缸结构，是由端盖、缸筒、活塞和活塞杆Ⅰ构成，缸筒为内部中空的筒形结构，缸筒左右两端均固定有端盖、内部通孔处滑动设置有活塞，活塞两侧的缸筒通孔处分别设置有左换向活塞和右换向活塞，所述左换向活塞和右换向活塞外侧与内侧的缸筒内壁处分别固定有外侧限位块和内侧限位块；所述活塞两端中心位置均固定有连接杆，连接杆的另一端均连接有活塞杆Ⅰ，活塞杆Ⅰ分别穿过左换向活塞和右换向活塞与活塞杆Ⅱ连接，活塞杆Ⅱ均穿过端盖置于缸筒外。本发明的一种机械式自动往复运动的油缸结构，在没有或者无需换向阀控制的情况下，油缸可以依靠自身机械结构实现自动往复运行，降低了能源的消耗、提高了工作效率。

Figure 202010776092

A mechanical automatic reciprocating oil cylinder structure of the present invention is composed of an end cover, a cylinder barrel, a piston and a piston rod I. The cylinder barrel is a hollow tubular structure inside, and the left and right ends of the cylinder barrel are fixed with end covers, A piston is slidably arranged at the inner through hole, and a left reversing piston and a right reversing piston are respectively arranged at the through holes of the cylinder on both sides of the piston, and the inner walls of the cylinder barrel on the outside and the inner side of the left reversing piston and the right reversing piston are respectively arranged. An outer limit block and an inner limit block are respectively fixed; a connecting rod is fixed at the center of both ends of the piston, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with a piston rod I, and the piston rod I passes through the left reversing piston and the right reversing piston respectively. The reversing piston is connected with the piston rod II, and the piston rod II is placed outside the cylinder through the end cover. In the oil cylinder structure of the mechanical automatic reciprocating motion of the present invention, the oil cylinder can realize automatic reciprocating operation by relying on its own mechanical structure without or without the control of the reversing valve, which reduces energy consumption and improves work efficiency.

Figure 202010776092

Description

一种机械式自动往复运动的油缸结构A mechanical automatic reciprocating oil cylinder structure

技术领域technical field

本发明属于作业设备技术领域，特别涉及一种机械式自动往复运动的油缸结构。The invention belongs to the technical field of working equipment, and particularly relates to an oil cylinder structure for mechanical automatic reciprocating motion.

背景技术Background technique

一般油缸活塞的换向动作需要通过液压换向阀，通过手动或电控方式操作液压换向阀，来改变油缸进油油路和回油油路，实现油缸活塞的换向动作。但在有些场合，需要液缸长时间的自动往复动作，手动或电动控制液压换向阀过于繁琐，增加了工作量、增大了能源的消耗。Generally, the reversing action of the cylinder piston needs to be operated through the hydraulic reversing valve, and the hydraulic reversing valve is operated manually or electronically to change the oil inlet oil circuit and the oil return oil circuit of the oil cylinder to realize the reversing action of the cylinder piston. However, in some occasions, the automatic reciprocating action of the hydraulic cylinder is required for a long time, and the manual or electric control of the hydraulic reversing valve is too cumbersome, which increases the workload and increases the energy consumption.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明旨在克服现有技术的不足，提供了一种机械式自动往复运动的油缸结构。The invention aims to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provides a mechanical automatic reciprocating oil cylinder structure.

本发明的一种机械式自动往复运动的油缸结构，是由端盖、缸筒、活塞和活塞杆Ⅰ构成，缸筒为内部中空的筒形结构，缸筒左右两端均固定有端盖、内部通孔处滑动设置有活塞，活塞两侧的缸筒通孔处分别设置有左换向活塞和右换向活塞，所述左换向活塞和右换向活塞外侧与内侧的缸筒内壁处分别固定有外侧限位块和内侧限位块；所述活塞两端中心位置均固定有连接杆，连接杆的另一端均连接有活塞杆Ⅰ，活塞杆Ⅰ分别穿过左换向活塞和右换向活塞与活塞杆Ⅱ连接，活塞杆Ⅱ均穿过端盖置于缸筒外，所述缸筒上下两端外壁上分别设有回油路和进油路。A mechanical automatic reciprocating oil cylinder structure of the present invention is composed of an end cover, a cylinder barrel, a piston and a piston rod I. The cylinder barrel is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the left and right ends of the cylinder barrel are fixed with end covers, A piston is slidably arranged at the inner through hole, a left reversing piston and a right reversing piston are respectively arranged at the through holes of the cylinder on both sides of the piston, and the inner walls of the cylinder barrel on the outer and inner sides of the left reversing piston and the right reversing piston are respectively arranged. An outer limit block and an inner limit block are respectively fixed; a connecting rod is fixed at the center of both ends of the piston, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with a piston rod I, and the piston rod I passes through the left reversing piston and the right reversing piston respectively. The reversing piston is connected with the piston rod II, the piston rod II is placed outside the cylinder barrel through the end cover, and the outer walls of the upper and lower ends of the cylinder barrel are respectively provided with an oil return circuit and an oil inlet circuit.

作为本发明的进一步改进，进油路的两个进口端与回油路的两个出口端均位于两侧的外侧限位块和内侧限位块之间，所述回油路的两个出口端均位于靠近外侧限位块内侧的缸筒内壁上，进油路的两个进口端均位于靠近内侧限位块外侧的缸筒内壁上。As a further improvement of the present invention, the two inlet ends of the oil inlet passage and the two outlet ends of the oil return passage are located between the outer limit blocks and the inner limit blocks on both sides, and the two outlets of the oil return passage Both ends are located on the inner wall of the cylinder tube close to the inner side of the outer limit block, and both inlet ends of the oil inlet passage are located on the inner wall of the cylinder tube close to the outer side of the inner limit block.

作为本发明的进一步改进，活塞杆Ⅱ与端盖相贴处设有活塞杆密封。As a further improvement of the present invention, a piston rod seal is provided where the piston rod II is in contact with the end cover.

作为本发明的进一步改进，左换向活塞和右换向活塞与缸筒内壁相贴处均设有换向密封。As a further improvement of the present invention, reversing seals are provided at the positions where the left reversing piston and the right reversing piston are in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder.

作为本发明的进一步改进，活塞与缸筒内壁相贴处的中心位置设有活塞密封。As a further improvement of the present invention, a piston seal is provided at the center position where the piston is in contact with the inner wall of the cylinder.

本发明的一种机械式自动往复运动的油缸结构设计合理，在没有或者无需换向阀控制的情况下，油缸可以依靠自身机械结构实现自动往复运行，降低了能源的消耗、提高了工作效率。The mechanical automatic reciprocating oil cylinder of the present invention has a reasonable structure design, and the oil cylinder can realize automatic reciprocating operation by relying on its own mechanical structure without or without reversing valve control, thereby reducing energy consumption and improving work efficiency.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明一种机械式自动往复运动的油缸结构的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the oil cylinder structure of a kind of mechanical automatic reciprocating motion of the present invention;

图2是本发明活塞向右运动到极致的示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the piston of the present invention moving to the extreme right.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

本发明的一种机械式自动往复运动的油缸结构，是由端盖1、缸筒3、活塞7和活塞杆9构成，缸筒3为内部中空的筒形结构，缸筒3左右两端均固定有端盖1、内部通孔处滑动设置有活塞7，活塞7与缸筒3内壁相贴处的中心位置设有活塞密封8以便活塞7在液压压力下运动，具有双向密封效果。所述活塞7两侧的缸筒3通孔处分别设置有左换向活塞5和右换向活塞14，左换向活塞5和右换向活塞14与缸筒3内壁相贴处均设有换向密封6。所述左换向活塞5和右换向活塞14外侧与内侧的缸筒3内壁处分别固定有外侧限位块4和内侧限位块12，用来限制左换向活塞5和右换向活塞14的运动位置。所述活塞7两端中心位置均固定有连接杆15，连接杆15的另一端均连接有活塞杆Ⅰ9，两根活塞杆Ⅰ9分别穿过左换向活塞5和右换向活塞14与对应的活塞杆Ⅱ13连接，所述活塞杆Ⅰ9的直径及左换向活塞5和右换向活塞14中心处圆孔的直径均小于连接杆15和活塞杆Ⅱ13的直径，活塞杆Ⅱ13均穿过端盖1置于缸筒3外，活塞杆9与端盖1相贴处设有活塞杆密封2，所述缸筒3上下两端外壁上分别设有回油路11和进油路10，回油路11的长度略大于进油路10，并且进油路10的两个进口端与回油路11的两个出口端均位于两侧的外侧限位块4和内侧限位块12之间，所述回油路11的两个出口端均位于靠近外侧限位块4内侧的缸筒3内壁上，进油路10的两个进口端均位于靠近内侧限位块12外侧的缸筒3内壁上。A mechanical automatic reciprocating oil cylinder structure of the present invention is composed of an end cover 1, a cylinder barrel 3, a piston 7 and a piston rod 9. The cylinder barrel 3 is a hollow cylindrical structure inside, and the left and right ends of the cylinder barrel 3 are The end cover 1 is fixed, the inner through hole is slidably provided with a piston 7, and a piston seal 8 is provided at the center position where the piston 7 and the inner wall of the cylinder 3 are in contact with each other so that the piston 7 can move under hydraulic pressure and has a bidirectional sealing effect. The through holes of the cylinder barrel 3 on both sides of the piston 7 are respectively provided with a left reversing piston 5 and a right reversing piston 14. Reversing seal 6. An outer limit block 4 and an inner limit block 12 are respectively fixed on the inner walls of the cylinder 3 on the outside and inside of the left reversing piston 5 and the right reversing piston 14 to limit the left reversing piston 5 and the right reversing piston. 14 movement positions. The center positions of both ends of the piston 7 are fixed with a connecting rod 15, and the other end of the connecting rod 15 is connected with a piston rod I9. The two piston rods I9 pass through the left reversing piston 5 and the right reversing piston 14 and the corresponding The piston rod II13 is connected. The diameter of the piston rod I9 and the diameter of the circular hole at the center of the left reversing piston 5 and the right reversing piston 14 are all smaller than the diameters of the connecting rod 15 and the piston rod II13, and the piston rod II13 passes through the end cover. 1 is placed outside the cylinder barrel 3, the piston rod 9 and the end cover 1 are attached with a piston rod seal 2, and the outer walls of the upper and lower ends of the cylinder barrel 3 are respectively provided with an oil return circuit 11 and an oil inlet circuit 10. The length of the road 11 is slightly larger than that of the oil inlet passage 10, and the two inlet ends of the oil inlet passage 10 and the two outlet ends of the oil return passage 11 are located between the outer limit blocks 4 and the inner limit blocks 12 on both sides, The two outlet ends of the oil return passage 11 are both located on the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 3 near the inner side of the outer limit block 4 , and the two inlet ends of the oil inlet passage 10 are both located on the inner wall of the cylinder barrel 3 near the outer side of the inner limit block 12 . superior.

如图1所示，当左换向活塞5与外侧限位块4相贴、右换向活塞14与内侧限位块12相贴，回油路11和左侧油腔隔断、和右侧油腔接通，进油路10和左侧油腔接通、和右侧油腔隔断，当活塞7向右运动时，外部油腔通过进油路10左端进口与缸筒3内部通孔相通、进油路10的右端进口被右换向活塞14上的换向密封6堵住，回油路11右端出口与缸筒3内部通孔相通、左端出口被左换向活塞5上的换向密封6堵住，此时高压油液通过进油路10左端进口进入缸筒3内部，推动活塞7向右换向活塞14方向运动，当右侧的连接杆15抵在右换向活塞14上时，左侧的活塞杆Ⅱ13同时抵于左换向活塞5的外侧，在左侧活塞杆Ⅱ13的作用下同进带动左换向活塞5向右运动直至抵于外侧限位块4上，同时带动左换向活塞5向右运动抵于内侧限位块12上，如图2所示， 此时，左换向活塞5上的换向密封6将进油路10左端进口堵住、进油路10右端进口与缸筒3内部相通，回油路11左端出口与缸筒3内部通孔相通、右端出口被右换向活塞14上的换向密封6堵住，此时外部油腔通过进油路10的右端进口与缸筒3内部通孔相通，高压油液通过进油路10的右端进口进入缸筒3内部推动活塞7向左运动，当左侧的连接杆15抵于左换向活塞5推动其向左运动，右侧的活塞杆Ⅱ13同时抵于右换向活塞14的外侧，在右侧活塞杆Ⅱ13的作用下同进带动右换向活塞14向左运动，当活塞7向左运动到极致时左换向活塞5和右换向活塞14又回到开始的状态，如图1所示，左换向活塞5与外侧限位块4相贴、右换向活塞14与内侧限位块12相贴，如此反复实现自动往复运动。As shown in Figure 1, when the left reversing piston 5 is attached to the outer limit block 4, and the right reversing piston 14 is attached to the inner limit block 12, the oil return path 11 is cut off from the left oil chamber, and the right oil When the piston 7 moves to the right, the external oil cavity communicates with the inner through hole of the cylinder 3 through the inlet of the left end of the oil inlet 10. The right end inlet of the oil inlet passage 10 is blocked by the reversing seal 6 on the right reversing piston 14 , the right end outlet of the oil return passage 11 is communicated with the inner through hole of the cylinder 3 , and the left end outlet is sealed by the reversing seal on the left reversing piston 5 6 is blocked. At this time, the high-pressure oil enters the cylinder 3 through the inlet of the left end of the oil inlet 10, and pushes the piston 7 to move in the direction of the right reversing piston 14. When the right connecting rod 15 abuts on the right reversing piston 14 , the left piston rod II13 simultaneously touches the outer side of the left reversing piston 5, and under the action of the left piston rod II13, the left reversing piston 5 is moved to the right until it touches the outer limit block 4, and simultaneously drives the left reversing piston 5. The left reversing piston 5 moves to the right against the inner limit block 12, as shown in Figure 2, at this time, the reversing seal 6 on the left reversing piston 5 blocks the left end inlet of the oil inlet 10, and the oil inlet 10. The inlet at the right end is communicated with the interior of the cylinder tube 3, the outlet at the left end of the oil return circuit 11 is communicated with the through hole inside the cylinder tube 3, and the outlet at the right end is blocked by the reversing seal 6 on the right reversing piston 14. At this time, the external oil cavity passes through the oil inlet The inlet of the right end of the road 10 is communicated with the inner through hole of the cylinder 3, and the high-pressure oil enters the interior of the cylinder 3 through the inlet of the right end of the oil inlet 10 and pushes the piston 7 to move to the left. When the connecting rod 15 on the left touches the left reversing piston 5. Push it to the left, and the right piston rod II13 touches the outside of the right reversing piston 14 at the same time. Under the action of the right piston rod II13, it drives the right reversing piston 14 to move to the left. When the piston 7 moves to the left When the movement reaches the limit, the left reversing piston 5 and the right reversing piston 14 return to the starting state. As shown in Figure 1, the left reversing piston 5 is in contact with the outer limit block 4, and the right reversing piston 14 is in contact with the inner limit. The bit blocks 12 are attached to each other, so that automatic reciprocating motion is realized repeatedly.

Claims (5)

1.一种机械式自动往复运动的油缸结构，是由端盖（1）、缸筒（3）、活塞（7）和活塞杆Ⅰ（9）构成，其特征在于缸筒（3）为内部中空的筒形结构，缸筒（3）左右两端均固定有端盖（1）、内部通孔处滑动设置有活塞（7），活塞（7）两侧的缸筒（3）通孔处分别设置有左换向活塞（5）和右换向活塞（14），所述左换向活塞（5）和右换向活塞（14）外侧与内侧的缸筒（3）内壁处分别固定有外侧限位块（4）和内侧限位块（12）；所述活塞（7）两端中心位置均固定有连接杆（15），连接杆（15）的另一端均连接有活塞杆Ⅰ（9），活塞杆Ⅰ（9）分别穿过左换向活塞（5）和右换向活塞（14）与活塞杆Ⅱ（13）连接，活塞杆Ⅱ（13）均穿过端盖（1）置于缸筒（3）外，所述缸筒（3）上下两端外壁上分别设有回油路（11）和进油路（10）。1. A mechanical automatic reciprocating oil cylinder structure is composed of an end cover (1), a cylinder barrel (3), a piston (7) and a piston rod I (9), and is characterized in that the cylinder barrel (3) is an internal The hollow cylindrical structure has end caps (1) fixed at the left and right ends of the cylinder (3), a piston (7) is slidably arranged at the inner through hole, and the through holes of the cylinder (3) on both sides of the piston (7) are slidably arranged A left reversing piston (5) and a right reversing piston (14) are respectively provided, and the inner walls of the outer and inner cylinders (3) of the left reversing piston (5) and the right reversing piston (14) are respectively fixed with An outer limit block (4) and an inner limit block (12); a connecting rod (15) is fixed at the center of both ends of the piston (7), and the other end of the connecting rod (15) is connected with a piston rod I ( 9), the piston rod I (9) is connected to the piston rod II (13) through the left reversing piston (5) and the right reversing piston (14) respectively, and the piston rod II (13) passes through the end cover (1) It is placed outside the cylinder barrel (3), and an oil return circuit (11) and an oil inlet circuit (10) are respectively provided on the outer walls of the upper and lower ends of the cylinder barrel (3). 2.如权利要求1所述的一种机械式自动往复运动的油缸结构，其特征在于进油路（10）的两个进口端与回油路（11）的两个出口端均位于两侧的外侧限位块（4）和内侧限位块（12）之间，所述回油路（11）的两个出口端均位于靠近外侧限位块（4）内侧的缸筒（3）内壁上，进油路（10）的两个进口端均位于靠近内侧限位块（12）外侧的缸筒（3）内壁上。2. A mechanical automatic reciprocating oil cylinder structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the two inlet ends of the oil inlet passage (10) and the two outlet ends of the oil return passage (11) are located on both sides Between the outer limit block (4) and the inner limit block (12), the two outlet ends of the oil return circuit (11) are located on the inner wall of the cylinder (3) close to the inner side of the outer limit block (4). , the two inlet ends of the oil inlet passage (10) are both located on the inner wall of the cylinder (3) close to the outer side of the inner limit block (12). 3.如权利要求1所述的一种机械式自动往复运动的油缸结构，其特征在于活塞杆Ⅱ（13）与端盖（1）相贴处设有活塞杆密封（2）。3. A mechanical automatic reciprocating oil cylinder structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a piston rod seal (2) is provided where the piston rod II (13) and the end cover (1) are in contact. 4.如权利要求1所述的一种机械式自动往复运动的油缸结构，其特征在于左换向活塞（5）和右换向活塞（14）与缸筒（3）内壁相贴处均设有换向密封（6）。4. The oil cylinder structure of a mechanical automatic reciprocating motion according to claim 1, characterized in that the left reversing piston (5) and the right reversing piston (14) and the inner wall of the cylinder (3) are both provided with There are reversing seals (6). 5.如权利要求1所述的一种机械式自动往复运动的油缸结构，其特征在于活塞（7）与缸筒（3）内壁相贴处的中心位置设有活塞密封（8）。5. A mechanical automatic reciprocating oil cylinder structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a piston seal (8) is provided at the center position where the piston (7) and the inner wall of the cylinder (3) are in contact.
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CN112682387A (en) * 2021-01-14 2021-04-20 山东浩睿智能科技有限公司 Automatic turn to hydro-cylinder in return
CN113718884A (en) * 2021-08-31 2021-11-30 山东天瑞重工有限公司 Valveless reversing type idle-driving-prevention hydraulic breaking hammer
CN113738738A (en) * 2021-09-29 2021-12-03 西安航空学院 Bidirectional quick hydraulic cylinder
CN113864285A (en) * 2021-09-30 2021-12-31 中船重工中南装备有限责任公司 Double-acting feeding oil cylinder of digging and anchoring machine

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CN103939467A (en) * 2014-05-04 2014-07-23 中国电子科技集团公司第十六研究所 Air hydrostatic bearing of machine making free piston type reciprocating motion
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