CN111871632A - A multi-stage friction shear cavitation water jet nozzle - Google Patents
A multi-stage friction shear cavitation water jet nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
- B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
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Abstract
一种多级摩擦剪切空化水射流喷嘴，它涉及一种水射流喷嘴，具体涉及一种多级摩擦剪切空化水射流喷嘴。本发明为了解决现有多段磨矿解离鳞片石墨方法使嵌布的细粒脉石难以从鳞片石墨表面去除、大鳞片破坏严重及工艺流程复杂的问题。本发明包括第一喷嘴、第二喷嘴、第三喷嘴、第四喷嘴和第五喷嘴，第一喷嘴、第二喷嘴、第三喷嘴、第四喷嘴、第五喷嘴首尾依次连接。本发明属于机械制造领域。
A multistage friction shear cavitation water jet nozzle relates to a water jet nozzle, in particular to a multistage friction shear cavitation water jet nozzle. The invention solves the problems that the fine-grained gangue embedded in the flake graphite is difficult to be removed from the surface of the flake graphite, the large flakes are seriously damaged and the technological process is complicated by the existing multi-stage grinding method for dissociating the flake graphite. The present invention includes a first nozzle, a second nozzle, a third nozzle, a fourth nozzle and a fifth nozzle, and the first nozzle, the second nozzle, the third nozzle, the fourth nozzle and the fifth nozzle are connected end to end in sequence. The invention belongs to the field of mechanical manufacturing.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种水射流喷嘴，具体涉及一种多级摩擦剪切空化水射流喷嘴，属于机械制造领域。The invention relates to a water jet nozzle, in particular to a multi-stage friction shear cavitation water jet nozzle, which belongs to the field of machinery manufacturing.
背景技术Background technique
石墨是一种重要的战略资源，石墨中的大鳞片石墨在传统行业和战略性新兴产业是不可或缺的重要材料。但目前采用的多段磨矿解离鳞片石墨方法，存在着嵌布的细粒脉石难以从鳞片石墨表面去除、大鳞片破坏严重及工艺流程复杂等问题，制约着大鳞片石墨的粒度和品位的提高；其核心问题是解离鳞片石墨的力学机理，是使石墨矿物在压应力、剪应力、摩擦应力的作用下发生磨碎，实现鳞片石墨的解离，很难有效去除鳞片石墨表面嵌布的细粒脉石，只能采用多段磨矿的方式逐步去除，造成石墨大鳞片的严重破坏。Graphite is an important strategic resource, and the large flake graphite in graphite is an indispensable material in traditional industries and strategic emerging industries. However, the multi-stage grinding method currently used to dissociate graphite flakes has problems such as difficulty in removing the embedded fine-grained gangue from the surface of graphite flakes, serious damage to large flakes, and complicated process flow, which restricts the particle size and grade of graphite flakes. The core problem is the mechanical mechanism of dissociating graphite flakes, which is to grind graphite minerals under the action of compressive stress, shear stress and frictional stress to realize the dissociation of graphite flakes, and it is difficult to effectively remove the inlaid cloth on the surface of graphite flakes The fine-grained gangue can only be gradually removed by multi-stage grinding, causing serious damage to the large graphite flakes.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明为解决现有多段磨矿解离鳞片石墨方法使嵌布的细粒脉石难以从鳞片石墨表面去除、大鳞片破坏严重及工艺流程复杂的问题，进而提出一种多级摩擦剪切空化水射流喷嘴。In order to solve the problems of the existing multi-stage grinding method for dissociating flake graphite, the fine-grained gangue embedded in the flake graphite is difficult to be removed from the surface of the flake graphite, the large flakes are seriously damaged, and the technological process is complicated, and a multi-stage friction shearing space is further proposed. Water jet nozzle.
本发明为解决上述问题采取的技术方案是：本发明包括第一喷嘴、第二喷嘴、第三喷嘴、第四喷嘴和第五喷嘴，第一喷嘴、第二喷嘴、第三喷嘴、第四喷嘴、第五喷嘴首尾依次连接。The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: the present invention includes a first nozzle, a second nozzle, a third nozzle, a fourth nozzle and a fifth nozzle, the first nozzle, the second nozzle, the third nozzle, and the fourth nozzle. , and the fifth nozzles are connected in turn.
进一步的，第一喷嘴由圆锥收敛段和圆柱段首尾依次连接组成，圆锥收敛段的圆锥角为13°。Further, the first nozzle is composed of a conical converging section and a cylindrical section connected end to end in sequence, and the cone angle of the conical converging section is 13°.
进一步的，第二喷嘴、第三喷嘴、第四喷嘴结构相同，第二喷嘴由第一入口圆柱段、第一矩形收敛段、第一出口扁平摩擦段首尾依次连接组成。Further, the second nozzle, the third nozzle and the fourth nozzle have the same structure, and the second nozzle is composed of the first inlet cylindrical section, the first rectangular converging section, and the first outlet flat friction section connected end to end.
进一步的，第一矩形收敛段高度方向的收敛角为30°；第一矩形收敛段沿宽度方向的收敛角为13°～15°。Further, the convergence angle of the first rectangular convergence segment in the height direction is 30°; the convergence angle of the first rectangular convergence segment along the width direction is 13°˜15°.
进一步的，第一出口扁平摩擦段的横截面的高度是鳞片石墨厚度的三倍，第一出口扁平摩擦段的横截面的长度是鳞片石墨宽的三至四倍，第一出口扁平摩擦段的长度是第一出口扁平摩擦段的横截面的高度的五倍。Further, the height of the cross section of the first outlet flat friction section is three times the thickness of the flake graphite, the length of the cross section of the first outlet flat friction section is three to four times the width of the flake graphite, and the length of the first outlet flat friction section is three to four times the width of the flake graphite. The length is five times the height of the cross-section of the first outlet flat friction segment.
进一步的，第五喷嘴由第二入口圆柱段、第二矩形收敛段、第二出口扁平摩擦段和出口矩形扩散剪切段首尾依次连接组成。Further, the fifth nozzle is composed of the second inlet cylindrical section, the second rectangular converging section, the second outlet flat friction section and the outlet rectangular diffusion shearing section connected end to end in sequence.
进一步的，出口矩形扩散剪切段的高度方向扩散角为60°；出口矩形扩散剪切段的宽度方向扩散角为46°～48°。Further, the height direction diffusion angle of the outlet rectangular diffusion shearing section is 60°; the width direction diffusion angle of the outlet rectangular diffusion shearing section is 46°˜48°.
进一步的，出口矩形扩散剪切段的长度是第一出口扁平摩擦段的横截面的高度的12至16倍。Further, the length of the outlet rectangular diffusion shear section is 12 to 16 times the height of the cross section of the first outlet flat friction section.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明采用湿式的前混合水射流通过多级摩擦剪切空化水射流喷嘴解离鳞片石墨，充分利用了鳞片石墨矿物层状结构特点、鳞片石墨与脉石之间接触界面特性及其鳞片石墨与脉石的抗拉强度远小于其抗剪强度、抗压强度的力学特性，以拉应力解离为主、摩擦应力、剪应力解离为辅的鳞片石墨解离，使嵌布的细粒脉石易于从鳞片石墨表面去除，缩短了工艺流程，提高了大鳞片石墨的粒度和品位。The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts a wet-type pre-mixed water jet flow nozzle to dissociate the flake graphite by using a multi-stage friction shearing cavitation water jet nozzle, and makes full use of the layered structure characteristics of the flake graphite mineral and the gap between the flake graphite and the gangue. The contact interface characteristics and the tensile strength of flake graphite and gangue are much smaller than the mechanical properties of its shear strength and compressive strength. , so that the embedded fine-grained gangue can be easily removed from the surface of the flake graphite, which shortens the process flow and improves the particle size and grade of the large flake graphite.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的主视图；Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention;
图2是本发明的俯视图；Fig. 2 is the top view of the present invention;
图3是图2中D-D向示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the direction D-D in FIG. 2 .
具体实施方式Detailed ways
具体实施方式一：结合图1至图3说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述一种多级摩擦剪切空化水射流喷嘴包括第一喷嘴1、第二喷嘴2、第三喷嘴3、第四喷嘴4和第五喷嘴5，第一喷嘴1、第二喷嘴2、第三喷嘴3、第四喷嘴4、第五喷嘴5首尾依次连接。Embodiment 1: This embodiment is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 . The multi-stage frictional shear cavitation water jet nozzle described in this embodiment includes a first nozzle 1 , a second nozzle 2 , a
解离鳞片石墨时，首先将鳞片石墨在前混合水射流供料系统的供料罐中与高压水进行预混合，然后采用高压泵将混合的鳞片石墨液固两相浆体通过高压管输送至第一喷嘴1，第一喷嘴1将鳞片石墨液固两相浆体的压力能转换为动能，形成高速的鳞片石墨液固两相射流，之后鳞片石墨液固两相流依次通过第二喷嘴2、第三喷嘴3、第四喷嘴4，最后通过第五喷嘴5以淹没状态射离喷嘴，进入具有一定围压的外部环境中，完成鳞片石墨的解离。When dissociating graphite flakes, firstly, the graphite flakes are pre-mixed with high-pressure water in the feed tank of the pre-mixed water jet feeding system, and then the mixed graphite flake liquid-solid two-phase slurry is transported through a high-pressure pipe to a high-pressure pump. The first nozzle 1, the first nozzle 1 converts the pressure energy of the flake graphite liquid-solid two-phase slurry into kinetic energy to form a high-speed flake graphite liquid-solid two-phase jet, and then the flake graphite liquid-solid two-phase flow passes through the second nozzle 2 , the
具体实施方式二：结合图1至图3说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述一种多级摩擦剪切空化水射流喷嘴的第一喷嘴1由圆锥收敛段1-1和圆柱段1-2首尾依次连接组成，圆锥收敛段1-1的圆锥角A为13°。其它组成及连接关系与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 2: This embodiment is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 . The first nozzle 1 of a multi-stage frictional shear cavitation water jet nozzle described in this embodiment consists of a conical converging section 1-1 and a cylindrical section 1- 2 are connected end to end, and the cone angle A of the cone convergence section 1-1 is 13°. Other components and connection relationships are the same as in the first embodiment.
具体实施方式三：结合图1至图3说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述一种多级摩擦剪切空化水射流喷嘴的第二喷嘴2、第三喷嘴3、第四喷嘴4结构相同，第二喷嘴2由第一入口圆柱段2-1、第一矩形收敛段2-2、第一出口扁平摩擦段2-3首尾依次连接组成。其它组成及连接关系与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 3: This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 . The structure of the second nozzle 2 , the
具体实施方式四：结合图1至图3说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述一种多级摩擦剪切空化水射流喷嘴的第一矩形收敛段2-2高度方向的收敛角B为30°；第一矩形收敛段2-2沿宽度方向的收敛角C为13°～15°。其它组成及连接关系与具体实施方式三相同。Embodiment 4: This embodiment is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 . The convergence angle B in the height direction of the first rectangular converging section 2-2 of a multi-stage friction shear cavitation water jet nozzle described in this embodiment is 30 °; the convergence angle C of the first rectangular convergence section 2-2 along the width direction is 13°˜15°. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the third embodiment.
具体实施方式五：结合图1至图3说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述一种多级摩擦剪切空化水射流喷嘴的第一出口扁平摩擦段2-3的横截面的高度L1是鳞片石墨厚度的三倍，第一出口扁平摩擦段2-3的横截面的长度L2是鳞片石墨厚宽度的三至四倍，第一出口扁平摩擦段2-3的长度L3是第一出口扁平摩擦段2-3的横截面的高度L1的五倍。其它组成及连接关系与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 5: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3. The height L1 of the cross section of the first outlet flat friction section 2-3 of a multi-stage friction shear cavitation water jet nozzle described in this embodiment is Three times the thickness of the flake graphite, the length L2 of the cross section of the first outlet flat friction section 2-3 is three to four times the thickness and width of the flake graphite, and the length L3 of the first outlet flat friction section 2-3 is the length L3 of the first outlet flat friction section 2-3. Five times the height L1 of the cross section of the friction segment 2-3. Other components and connection relationships are the same as in the first embodiment.
具体实施方式六：结合图1至图3说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述一种多级摩擦剪切空化水射流喷嘴的第五喷嘴5由第二入口圆柱段5-1、第二矩形收敛段5-2、第二出口扁平摩擦段5-3和出口矩形扩散剪切段5-4首尾依次连接组成。其它组成及连接关系与具体实施方式一相同。Embodiment 6: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3. The fifth nozzle 5 of a multi-stage friction shear cavitation water jet nozzle described in this embodiment is composed of a second inlet cylindrical section 5-1, a second The rectangular converging section 5-2, the second outlet flat friction section 5-3 and the outlet rectangular diffusion shearing section 5-4 are connected end to end in sequence. Other components and connection relationships are the same as in the first embodiment.
具体实施方式七：结合图1至图3说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述一种多级摩擦剪切空化水射流喷嘴的出口矩形扩散剪切段5-4的高度方向扩散角E为60°；出口矩形扩散剪切段5-4的宽度方向扩散角F为46°～48°。其它组成及连接关系与具体实施方式六相同。Embodiment 7: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3. The height direction diffusion angle E of the outlet rectangular diffusion shear section 5-4 of a multi-stage friction shear cavitation water jet nozzle described in this embodiment is: 60°; the diffusion angle F in the width direction of the outlet rectangular diffusion shearing section 5-4 is 46° to 48°. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the sixth embodiment.
具体实施方式八：结合图1至图3说明本实施方式，本实施方式所述一种多级摩擦剪切空化水射流喷嘴的出口矩形扩散剪切段5-4的长度L4是第一出口扁平摩擦段2-3的横截面的高度L1的12至16倍。其它组成及连接关系与具体实施方式六相同。Embodiment 8: This embodiment is described with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3. The length L4 of the outlet rectangular diffusion shearing section 5-4 of a multi-stage friction shear cavitation water jet nozzle described in this embodiment is the first outlet. 12 to 16 times the height L1 of the cross section of the flat friction segment 2-3. Other compositions and connection relationships are the same as in the sixth embodiment.
工作原理working principle
采用湿式的前混合水射流通过多级摩擦剪切空化水射流喷嘴解离鳞片石墨，通过第一喷嘴1实现对鳞片石墨浆体射流的加速，通过第二喷嘴2至第四喷嘴4实现对鳞片石墨的拉伸、摩擦和剪切解离，通过第五喷嘴5实现对鳞片石墨的拉伸、摩擦、剪切和微射流冲击解离。Wet pre-mixed water jets are used to dissociate graphite flakes through multi-stage frictional shear cavitation water jet nozzles. The first nozzle 1 is used to accelerate the jet of graphite flakes. The stretching, friction and shearing dissociation of the flake graphite is achieved through the fifth nozzle 5 to realize the stretching, friction, shearing and micro-jet impact dissociation of the flake graphite.
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已以较佳实施例揭露如上，然而并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，当可利用上述揭示的技术内容做出些许更动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例，但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容，依据本发明的技术实质，在本发明的精神和原则之内，对以上实施例所作的任何简单的修改、等同替换与改进等，均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. The technical personnel, within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, can make some changes or modifications by using the technical content disclosed above to be equivalent examples of equivalent changes, but if they do not depart from the technical solution content of the present invention, according to the present invention Within the spirit and principle of the present invention, any simple modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made to the above embodiments still fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
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