CN111854814A - Multifunctional fiber grating demodulator and demodulation method thereof - Google Patents
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
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- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multifunctional fiber bragg grating demodulator and a demodulating method thereof, belonging to the technical field of structural health monitoring. The fiber grating demodulator comprises a power module, an SOA light source, an FP filter, an etalon, an optical coupler, an acquisition circuit and a controller; the fiber grating sensor is connected with the optical coupler, and the optical coupler is connected with the acquisition circuit; the optical coupler is connected with the SOA light source through the FP filter; the acquisition circuit is connected with the controller; the acquisition circuit is connected with the FP filter through the etalon; the controller and the SOA light source are connected with the power supply module. On the basis of realizing the collection function of the fiber bragg grating, the traditional wired communication interface is reserved to increase the wireless remote data transmission function; the inquiry function of the equipment position information; a display function of the local device; a local storage function.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multifunctional fiber grating demodulator and a demodulation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of structural health monitoring.
Background
The function of traditional multichannel fiber grating demodulator is more single, and most products only support the collection function of fiber grating sensor wavelength, and transmission interface is mostly local net gape, and transmission mode is single, need rely on computer software to carry out the data show, unable automatic acquisition storage and data display, also unable geographical position information that directly acquires equipment fixing, have certain limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multifunctional fiber grating demodulator and a demodulating method thereof, which can realize multiple wireless and wired transmission modes, local storage and data display functions and have high engineering practicability.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: (1) on the basis of realizing the collection function of the fiber bragg grating, the traditional wired communication interface is reserved to increase the wireless remote data transmission function; (2) the inquiry function of the equipment position information; (3) a display function of the local device; (4) a local storage function.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a multifunctional fiber grating demodulator comprises a power module, an SOA light source, an FP filter, an etalon, an optical coupler, an acquisition circuit and a controller;
the fiber grating sensor is connected with the optical coupler, and the optical coupler is connected with the acquisition circuit; the optical coupler is connected with the SOA light source through the FP filter;
the acquisition circuit is connected with the controller;
the acquisition circuit is connected with the FP filter through the etalon;
the controller and the SOA light source are connected with the power supply module.
Furthermore, the fiber bragg grating demodulator also comprises a wireless 4G module, a memory, a display screen, a GPS positioning module, an Ethernet and an RS232 communication module;
the wireless 4G module, the memory, the display screen, the GPS positioning module, the Ethernet and RS232 communication module are connected with the controller.
A demodulation method of a multifunctional fiber grating demodulator is characterized in that light emitted by an SOA light source enters an FP filter, optical signals with different wavelengths periodically pass through the FP filter under the action of sawtooth wave scanning voltage, and then are divided into two branches by a coupler;
one path of 90% light is incident into the sensing grating array through the coupler, the Bragg reflection wavelengths of all gratings in the array are all in the scanning range of the FP filter, and the reflection wavelengths of all the gratings are different, so that signal crosstalk is avoided;
the other path of light with the concentration of about 10% is incident into the FP etalon through the coupler, and the branch is used for calibrating the FP filter so as to eliminate the influence of the cavity length drift of the FP filter on the measurement precision;
in a sensing grating channel, when the scanning wavelength of the FP filter is equal to the reflection wavelength of the fiber grating, the light energy detected by the photoelectric detector is the largest; at the moment, the electric signal output by the photoelectric detector is collected, when the electric signal is maximum, the corresponding sawtooth voltage is recorded, and then the value of the reflection wavelength is obtained according to the relation between the sawtooth voltage and the wavelength.
Further, the method for obtaining the reflected wavelength value according to the relationship between the sawtooth wave voltage and the wavelength is to calculate the wavelength value measured by the FBG sensor through two adjacent pulse peaks, wherein the two adjacent pulse peaks are etalon grid peaks, and the time corresponding to the two adjacent pulse peaks is the time;
i.e. the measured FBG peak time t is knowniReference FBG peak time trTime t of each peak of etalon1、t2、t3… …, reference FBG wavelength, etalon peak wavelength; solving the wavelength value measured by the FBG; the method comprises the following steps:
1) find and tiThe closest two etalon peak times;
2)trwavelength λ corresponding to timerSearching the wavelength value lambda corresponding to each moment according to the product information of the etalon and the relation between the etalon output peak time and the reference FBG peak time1、λ2、λ3……；
3) Performing interpolation calculation;
if found to tiPeak time of nearest etalon ta、tbCorresponding to a wavelength of λa、λbThen the linear interpolation formula is as follows:
the central wavelength of the measured FBG is calculated by using a linear difference formula as follows:
therefore, the purpose of sensing signal demodulation is achieved, and the physical quantity is calculated through the conversion coefficient of the wavelength and the physical quantity.
Further, the physical quantity is a value of displacement, pressure, or temperature.
The working mode is as follows:
light emitted by the SOA broadband light source enters the tunable F-P filter, under the action of sawtooth wave scanning voltage output by the controller, light signals with different wavelengths periodically pass through the F-P filter and are then divided into a plurality of branches by the optical coupler, and the branches are connected with a measured fiber bragg grating sensor.
In the sensing grating channel, when the scanning wavelength of the F-P filter is equal to the reflection wavelength of the fiber grating, the light energy detected by the acquisition circuit is the largest. At the moment, the acquisition circuit acquires the electric signal output by the optical coupler, when the electric signal is maximum, the corresponding sawtooth voltage is recorded, and then the value of the reflection wavelength can be obtained according to the relation between the sawtooth voltage and the wavelength.
Because the system adopts the SOA light source of the laser amplifier, the maximum optical power reaches 14W, the single-spectrum power is high, the active amplification is realized, the scanning frequency is high and can reach 10kHz at most, and the requirement of 100Hz parallel sampling of the system can be met.
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FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically illustrating the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical portion of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a tunable narrowband light source in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a multifunctional fiber grating demodulator includes a power module 7, an SOA light source 4, an FP filter 3, an etalon 5, an optical coupler 2, an acquisition circuit 6, and a controller 8;
the fiber bragg grating sensor 1 is connected with the optical coupler 2, and the optical coupler 2 is connected with the acquisition circuit 6; the optical coupler 2 is connected with an SOA light source 4 through an FP filter 3;
the acquisition circuit 6 is connected with the controller 8;
the acquisition circuit 6 is connected with the FP filter 3 through the etalon 5;
the controller 8 and the SOA light source 4 are connected with the power module 7.
Further, the fiber bragg grating demodulator also comprises a wireless 4G module 11, a memory 14, a display screen 9, a GPS positioning module 10, an Ethernet 12 and an RS232 communication module 13;
the wireless 4G module 11, the memory 14, the display screen 9, the GPS positioning module 10, the Ethernet 12 and the RS232 communication module 13 are connected with the controller 8.
The fiber grating wavelength acquisition part can realize multi-channel simultaneous demodulation based on the demodulation principle of the tunable F-P filter, and the demodulation principle is the most in practical engineering application, the subsequent demodulation principle adopts a method based on the tunable F-P filter, and the implementation scheme is as described above.
The basic principle is as follows.
In a fiber grating demodulation system, the demodulation principle based on a tunable F-P filter can realize multi-channel simultaneous demodulation, and the demodulation is most suitable for engineering practical application. The basic working principle is as follows: light emitted by the SOA broadband light source enters the FP filter, under the action of sawtooth wave scanning voltage, optical signals with different wavelengths periodically pass through the FP filter, and then are divided into two branches through the coupler.
As shown in fig. 2, one path of 90% of light is incident into the sensing grating array through the coupler, bragg reflection wavelengths of all gratings in the array must be all within a scanning range of the FP filter, and reflection wavelengths of each grating are different, so as to avoid signal crosstalk; and the other path of light with 10 percent is incident into the FP etalon through the coupler, and the branch is used for calibrating the tunable F-P filter so as to eliminate the influence of the cavity length drift of the tunable FP filter on the measurement precision.
As shown in fig. 3, in the sensing grating channel, when the scanning wavelength of the FP filter is equal to the reflection wavelength of the fiber grating, the light energy detected by the photodetector is the largest. At the moment, collecting the electric signal output by the photoelectric detector, recording the corresponding sawtooth voltage when the electric signal is maximum, then obtaining the value of the reflection wavelength according to the relation between the sawtooth voltage and the wavelength,
the method is to calculate the wavelength value measured by the FBG sensor through the time corresponding to two adjacent pulse peaks (etalon grid peaks). I.e. the measured FBG peak time t is knowniReference FBG peak time trTime t of each peak of etalon1、t2、t3… …, reference FBG wavelength, etalon peak wavelength; and solving the wavelength value measured by the FBG. The method comprises the following steps:
1) find and tiThe closest two etalon peak times.
2)trWavelength λ corresponding to timerOutputting a peak value from the etalon based on the product information of the etalonFinding the wavelength value lambda corresponding to each moment according to the relation between the time and the peak time of the reference FBG1、λ2、λ3……。
3) Interpolation calculation
If found to tiPeak time of nearest etalon ta、tbCorresponding to a wavelength of λa、λbThen the linear interpolation formula is as follows:
the central wavelength of the measured FBG is calculated by using a linear difference formula as follows:
therefore, the purpose of sensing signal demodulation is achieved, and the physical quantity is calculated through the conversion coefficient of the wavelength and the physical quantity (such as displacement, pressure, temperature and the like).
On the basis of realizing the function of acquiring the wavelength of the fiber bragg grating, the design provides a corresponding solution for the problem of the requirement to be solved, and in the aspect of data transmission, a 4G transmission module is added, so that the function of wireless transmission can be adopted in addition to local wired network transmission. A GPS positioning module is designed to realize the positioning function of the position information when the equipment is used. The TFT liquid crystal touch display screen is designed to realize the local display of equipment data and the user interaction function, so that the equipment can work with a single machine, and the practicability is improved. And a FLASH memory is designed, and the storage function of user data is realized. And implementation of other conventional communication interfaces
In conclusion, the device is mainly composed of an SOA light source of a laser amplifier, an FP filter, an etalon, a photoelectric conversion circuit, an acquisition circuit, a display device, a GPS positioning module, a wireless transmission module, a memory, a communication module and the like. The functions of acquisition of the fiber grating demodulator, acquisition of frequency of 100Hz, transmission, storage, display and the like are realized.
The specific example implementation method comprises the following steps:
the data acquisition and processing board mainly has the functions of realizing signal acquisition, processing, calculation and subsequent interface communication, and because the frequency of the acquired signals is higher and the number of channels is more, the FPGA is designed to be used for parallel data acquisition, processing and calculation, and chips are selected as follows.
The processing chip adopts an FPGA chip and is matched with a high-speed DDR memory chip MT46V32M16P, the processing capacity is high, the operation speed is high, and the parallel and efficient processing of data is met;
in the AD conversion part, the LTC2325-16 collects 16 paths of photoelectric signals, the highest sampling rate of 5M and 16-bit resolution are used for collecting etalon signals, the precision is high, the sampling is fast, the signal-to-noise ratio is high, an analog change-over switch is configured at the front end, and meanwhile, a space is reserved for subsequent upgrading;
the network interface part adopts W5500 as an interface to facilitate the communication with an upper computer and can support the transmission of hundred mega Ethernet TCP/IP data.
The wireless transmission part is realized by adopting a remote EC20 module which is a 4G full-network wireless communication module, and the processor performs data interaction with the wireless transmission module through a serial port to realize a remote wireless transmission function.
The local display part is realized by adopting a 7-inch TFT touch screen, and the processor performs data interaction with the local display part through a serial port to realize data display and interactive interface setting by a user.
In order to realize the function of equipment positioning, the ATK1218-BD supporting a GPS and Beidou dual-positioning module is adopted for realizing the function, a processor carries out data interaction with the processor through a serial port, the function of acquiring real-time geographic position information is realized, and the position information is uploaded through a data packet.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned contents are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and that the simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A multifunctional fiber grating demodulator is characterized in that: the fiber grating demodulator comprises a power module (7), an SOA light source (4), an FP filter (3), an etalon (5), an optical coupler (2), an acquisition circuit (6) and a controller (8);
the fiber bragg grating sensor (1) is connected with the optical coupler (2), and the optical coupler (2) is connected with the acquisition circuit (6); the optical coupler (2) is connected with the SOA light source (4) through the FP filter (3);
the acquisition circuit (6) is connected with the controller (8);
the acquisition circuit (6) is connected with the FP filter (3) through the etalon (5);
the controller (8) and the SOA light source (4) are connected with the power module (7).
2. The multifunctional fiber grating demodulator according to claim 1, wherein: the fiber bragg grating demodulator also comprises a wireless 4G module (11), a memory (14), a display screen (9), a GPS positioning module (10), an Ethernet (12) and an RS232 communication module (13);
the wireless 4G module (11), the memory (14), the display screen (9), the GPS positioning module (10), the Ethernet (12) and the RS232 communication module (13) are connected with the controller (8).
3. A demodulation method of a multifunctional fiber grating demodulator is characterized in that: light emitted by the SOA light source (4) enters the FP filter (3), under the action of sawtooth wave scanning voltage, light signals with different wavelengths periodically pass through the FP filter (3), and then are divided into two branches by the coupler;
one path of 90% light is incident into the sensing grating array through the coupler, the Bragg reflection wavelengths of all gratings in the array are all in the scanning range of the FP filter (3), and the reflection wavelengths of all the gratings are different, so that signal crosstalk is avoided;
the other path of light with the concentration of about 10% is incident into the FP etalon through the coupler, and the branch is used for calibrating the FP filter (3) so as to eliminate the influence of the cavity length drift of the FP filter (3) on the measurement precision;
in the sensing grating channel, when the scanning wavelength of the FP filter (3) is equal to the reflection wavelength of the fiber grating, the light energy detected by the photoelectric detector is maximum; at the moment, the electric signal output by the photoelectric detector is collected, when the electric signal is maximum, the corresponding sawtooth voltage is recorded, and then the value of the reflection wavelength is obtained according to the relation between the sawtooth voltage and the wavelength.
4. The demodulating method of the multifunctional fiber grating demodulator according to claim 3, wherein: the method for obtaining the reflected wavelength value according to the relationship between the sawtooth wave voltage and the wavelength is to calculate the wavelength value measured by the FBG sensor through two adjacent pulse peaks, namely the etalon grid peak, and the time corresponding to the two adjacent pulse peaks;
i.e. the measured FBG peak time t is knowniReference FBG peak time trTime t of each peak of etalon1、t2、t3… …, reference FBG wavelength, etalon peak wavelength; solving the wavelength value measured by the FBG; the method comprises the following steps:
1) find and tiThe closest two etalon peak times;
2)trwavelength λ corresponding to timerSearching the wavelength value lambda corresponding to each moment according to the product information of the etalon and the relation between the etalon output peak time and the reference FBG peak time1、λ2、λ3……；
3) Performing interpolation calculation;
if found to tiPeak time of nearest etalon ta、tbCorresponding to a wavelength of λa、λbThen the linear interpolation formula is as follows:
the central wavelength of the measured FBG is calculated by using a linear difference formula as follows:
therefore, the purpose of sensing signal demodulation is achieved, and the physical quantity is calculated through the conversion coefficient of the wavelength and the physical quantity.
5. The demodulating method of the multifunctional fiber grating demodulator according to claim 4, wherein: the physical quantity is a value of displacement, pressure or temperature.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112985271A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-18 | 阿坝师范学院 | Intelligent variable-frequency roadbed displacement monitoring and early warning device based on FBG grating sensor |
| CN117490740A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-02-02 | 江西飞尚科技有限公司 | Fiber bragg grating adjustment method and system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112985271A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-06-18 | 阿坝师范学院 | Intelligent variable-frequency roadbed displacement monitoring and early warning device based on FBG grating sensor |
| CN117490740A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-02-02 | 江西飞尚科技有限公司 | Fiber bragg grating adjustment method and system |
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