CN111833536A - Trench type automatic-searching wireless charging parking lot system and method - Google Patents
Trench type automatic-searching wireless charging parking lot system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111833536A CN111833536A CN202010663495.1A CN202010663495A CN111833536A CN 111833536 A CN111833536 A CN 111833536A CN 202010663495 A CN202010663495 A CN 202010663495A CN 111833536 A CN111833536 A CN 111833536A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
- G07F15/003—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity for electricity
- G07F15/005—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity for electricity dispensed for the electrical charging of vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/302—Cooling of charging equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
- B60L53/35—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles
- B60L53/38—Means for automatic or assisted adjustment of the relative position of charging devices and vehicles specially adapted for charging by inductive energy transfer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F15/00—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity
- G07F15/06—Coin-freed apparatus with meter-controlled dispensing of liquid, gas or electricity with means for prepaying basic charges, e.g. rent for meters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
- G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
- G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Abstract
The utility model provides a wireless charging parking lot system and method of trench type homing, including: a power supply coil installed in a trench below the ground surface; the front-end machine converts a power frequency power supply to generate high-frequency high-voltage alternating current, and the high-frequency high-voltage alternating current is transmitted to the power supply coil through the transmission bus, the power supply coil is aligned with the power receiving coil of the equipment to be charged by utilizing the automatic searching equipment, so that electric energy is transmitted to the power receiving coil of the vehicle-mounted equipment to be charged, power is supplied to the input side of the vehicle-mounted charger, and then the energy storage battery is charged.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of non-contact wireless charging, and particularly relates to a trench type automatic-homing wireless charging parking lot system and method.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The current charging mode of the new energy electric vehicle has the following technical problems:
for the electric bicycle, the storage battery is generally directly detached from the bicycle and taken home or used for charging, or the power cord is pulled out of the building for charging, and the charging mode is neither beautiful nor safe and has great potential safety hazard. To electric automobile, generally utilize to fill electric pile and charge, present fill electric pile mainly is the cabinet and the wired handle that charges, when a plurality of electric automobile need charge, need set up a plurality of electric piles, occupy great area, and the construction cost is higher, if evenly arrange in earlier stage, also can lead to the individual electric pile utilization ratio of filling not high simultaneously, the parking area of charging has the big difficult large tracts of land construction of electric pile area to promote, it is unsafe to have the contact to fill electric handle fragile, need often to change and the maintenance volume is big, the place that has to fill electric pile just need build the weather enclosure, accessory supporting facility influences the environment, a great deal of problems such as expense height.
The inventor finds in research that although related wireless charging is also mentioned in the prior art, the current method of burying the electrical equipment underground in the wireless charging system affects the maintenance of the whole charging system; one parking space is provided with one set of buried wireless charging equipment, so that the construction cost is high; the wireless charging electric circuit and the charging coil are arranged in one set of equipment, so that the service life of the equipment with poor heat dissipation is shortened; in addition, one parking space is provided with one set of independent wireless charging equipment, resources cannot be fully utilized and shared, a large public parking lot cannot be built, communication is complex, and centralized management cannot be realized; and after the wireless charging equipment is buried underground, the primary and secondary coils of the loosely coupled transformer cannot realize seamless butt joint and automatic butt joint, so that labor is consumed, a joint gap is increased, electromagnetic transmission loss is greatly increased, and the electric energy utilization rate is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the wireless charging parking lot system with the automatic ground ditch searching function is provided, and the charging efficiency is improved.
In order to achieve the above object, one or more embodiments of the present disclosure provide the following technical solutions:
in one aspect, a wireless charging parking lot system for trench homing is disclosed, comprising:
the system comprises a front-end machine, a homing device, a power receiving coil and a power supply coil, wherein the front-end machine and the power supply coil are arranged separately and are connected through a bus;
wherein, the front-end machine is arranged above the ground surface; the power supply coil is arranged in a trench below the ground surface;
the front-end machine converts alternating current commercial power to generate high-frequency high-voltage alternating current, the high-frequency high-voltage alternating current is transmitted to the power supply coil through the transmission bus, the power supply coil is aligned with the power receiving coil of the vehicle-mounted device to be charged through the homing device, electric energy is transmitted through the loose coupling transformer, the electric energy is transmitted to the power receiving coil of the device to be charged, and then the electric energy is rectified and stabilized by the charger to charge the power battery of the electric vehicle.
According to a further technical scheme, the power supply coil is installed on a support tray of the trench.
On the other hand, the utility model discloses a wireless charging method of trench formula homing, includes:
the front-end machine converts alternating current commercial power to generate high-frequency high-voltage alternating current which is transmitted to the power supply coil through the transmission bus;
the power supply coil is aligned with a power receiving coil of the vehicle-mounted device to be charged through the automatic target seeking device, electric energy is transmitted through the loose coupling transformer, so that the electric energy is transmitted to the power receiving coil of the device to be charged, and then the electric vehicle power battery is charged after the electric energy is rectified and stabilized by the charger.
The above one or more technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:
according to the technical scheme, alternating current commercial power is converted into high-frequency high-voltage alternating current based on the front-end machine, and the high-frequency high-voltage alternating current is transmitted to the power supply coil arranged on the mounting bracket tray in the trench below the ground surface through the transmission bus, so that the transmission of electric energy is realized. The power supply coil is installed on the installation support tray in the trench below the ground surface, so that the installation is convenient, the maintenance is easy, the ventilation and the heat dissipation of the coil are facilitated, the exhaust fan can be additionally installed in the trench for ventilation and heat dissipation when the number of the power supply coils is large, the land surface area can be saved by installing the power supply coil in the trench, the maintenance cost is reduced, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.
In the technical scheme, except that the power supply coil and the transmission bus are arranged in the trench underground groove below the ground surface, other electrical equipment is all intensively arranged in the front-end machine above the ground surface, so that the N +1 redundancy, N + M combined cabinet and the front-end machine of a hot plug power supply system are conveniently formed. Namely, the front-end computer can form an M cabinet by N power modules, and then form a high-power front-end computer power supply system by N M cabinets. Therefore, the N +1 redundancy improves the stability and reliability of the front-end computer, and can reach the power supply standard of the communication industry; the n + M combination can be used for randomly expanding the total output power of the front-end machine, so that the scale of the wireless charging parking lot can be freely built; centralized management and control are facilitated; the number of the front-end machines can be configured according to the actual requirements of the wireless charging parking lot, so that the manufacturing cost is saved and the energy is saved; the output power of the front-end machine can be determined according to the number of the parking spaces, so that the configuration is reasonable and money is saved; the CAN/TCP/IP/RS-485 bus-based communication CAN be carried out on the wireless charging parking lot, so that the comprehensive information system management CAN be carried out on the power supply system equipment and the wireless charging parking lot, and the charging information guidance CAN be provided for the new energy electric vehicle which needs to be charged outside nearby. And the modularized design is convenient to maintain.
According to the technical scheme, the power supply coil and the power receiving coil of the vehicle-mounted device to be charged are coupled through the loose coupling transformer and are aligned through the automatic searching device, so that the alignment accuracy is high, the magnetic leakage of the loose coupling transformer is minimized, and the charging efficiency is highest.
The wireless charging parking lot is low in construction cost in scale, the problem that the new energy electric vehicle is difficult to park and charge is thoroughly solved, social charging environments and application conditions are provided for popularization and application of new energy electric vehicles in China, and good wireless charging public parking lots and external environment conditions are provided for popularization and application of the new energy electric vehicles. The method has the advantages that the method plays a decisive role in rapidly improving popularization and application of new energy electric automobiles in China, solves the problem of difficulty in importing petroleum for the country, reduces the proportion of automobile oil accounting for 60% of the oil used in China, prevents environmental pollution caused by automobile fuel oil, and has great practical significance and profound historical significance.
The wireless parking area that charges of new forms of energy electric vehicle that this technical scheme of disclosure built compares with the parking area that adopts the mode of charging stake to build: the land surface area can be saved by about 50 percent, the land area is greatly saved, and the land utilization rate is improved; the human electric shock accident rate can be reduced to be close to 100 percent, and the electric shock possibility of human bodies due to electric energy transmission is basically zero; the large-scale construction investment can reduce the initial construction cost by about 50 to 60 percent, thereby greatly reducing the construction cost; the building in urban public parking lots or residential districts is facilitated, and the market popularization prospect is very good; the operation and maintenance cost can be reduced by more than 90% after the front-end machine technology is adopted for centralized automatic management, and the maintenance amount is extremely small; the bank-finance-based IC card pricing and charging management system is convenient to issue all over the country, is safe and reliable, can realize the mode of using prepayment management after purchasing electricity, and is greatly convenient for new-energy electric automobile drivers.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to limit the disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a wireless charging parking lot system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of front end machine power conversion in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the position of a loosely coupled transformer and permanent magnets according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic plan layout view of a wireless charging parking lot system according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present disclosure may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present embodiment discloses a wireless charging parking lot system with trench type homing, comprising:
at least one front-end machine arranged above the ground surface and at least one power supply coil which is transmitted to a mounting bracket tray arranged in a trench below the ground surface through a bus system;
the front-end machine converts alternating current commercial power to generate high-frequency high-voltage alternating current, and the high-frequency high-voltage alternating current is transmitted to the power supply coil through the transmission bus, the power supply coil (namely the primary coil) and the front-end machine are separately arranged, and the power supply coil and the power receiving coil of the vehicle-mounted device to be charged are aligned by utilizing the automatic searching device, so that electric energy is transmitted to the power receiving coil of the device to be charged.
The power supply coil and the power receiving coil of the vehicle-mounted device to be charged carry out electromagnetic energy conversion by using the loose coupling transformer, and the electromagnetic energy is transmitted to the charger to charge the battery.
A primary coil, namely a power supply side coil, of the loose coupling transformer is installed on a mounting bracket tray in a trench below the ground surface, and a secondary coil, namely a power receiving side coil, of the loose coupling transformer is placed in a bottom chassis flexible pipe of the electric vehicle.
In this embodiment, the power supply coil is installed in a trench below the ground surface, and does not occupy the space of the ground surface.
In the implementation example, the automatic homing device is attracted by magnetic force of permanent magnets to automatically butt joint and have small transmission loss, specifically, the automatic homing device comprises a group of permanent magnets fixed on the side of an underground primary coil and another group of permanent magnets fixed on the side of a vehicle secondary coil, the length of a connecting line of the secondary coil is made to be capable of freely stretching up and down, left and right, the S pole and the N pole of the underground permanent magnet are respectively butted with the N pole and the S pole of the other permanent magnet on the ground according to the principle that like poles repel each other and opposite poles attract each other, so that the automatic homing and automatic butt joint are accurately realized, the two coils are attracted most tightly, the contact gap is smallest, the two coils are butted completely, the distance is less than 2cm recently, the efficiency of electric energy transmission can reach more than 98%, and the minimum.
The butt joint of the power supply coil and the power receiving coil adopts the automatic permanent magnet seeking, accurate butt joint and tight combination, the coupling coefficient K is maximized, the conduction coefficient is highest, the magnetic leakage is minimum, the electric energy transmission efficiency is also maximum, and the energy is greatly saved; compared with other butt joint modes, the energy is saved by about 20-30%. The automatic target-seeking butt joint method is more convenient than a manual butt joint method, the efficiency is improved, the manufacturing cost is saved, the accuracy is improved, and the electric energy is saved.
The receiving coil is arranged in a flexible pipe of a chassis at the bottom of the new energy electric automobile, a connecting wire of the receiving coil is connected by a connecting wire in the flexible pipe, and the lifting method is as follows: 1. lowering (i.e. docking): after an electric vehicle arrives at a parking space and is in place → an IC card is inserted in the vehicle → a vehicle chassis lock catch is opened → a method of automatically attracting by the self weight of a power receiving coil tray and the magnetic force of a permanent magnet can ensure free expansion and sufficient length within a certain distance (such as 40-100 cm), thereby ensuring accurate, smooth and complete butt joint of an original coil and a secondary coil; 2. lifting and retracting the power receiving coil: the IC card is pulled out → the power receiving coil is automatically retracted. The vehicle is internally provided with a control system: when an IC card in the vehicle is inserted → the power receiving coil chassis tray lock catch is automatically opened → the power receiving coil automatically descends and is butted → charging is carried out; when the IC card is pulled out → a micro motor is started → the power receiving coil is retracted to the original position in the vehicle.
The primary coil and the secondary coil of the loose coupling transformer are coupled by a 100-200KHz 'same-frequency synchronous double-resonance loop', namely, the leakage inductance of the primary coil resonates with a capacitor C1; the secondary leakage inductance resonates with a capacitor C2. After the primary and secondary synchronous double resonance, the primary and secondary power coupling of the loose coupling transformer is maximized, the efficiency is highest, and the energy can be saved by 10-20% compared with a single resonance or non-resonance loop.
The power supply coil, namely the primary coil of the loose coupling transformer, and the front end machine circuit are arranged separately and are not in the same equipment. The front-end machine is a device arranged above the ground, and the power supply coil is arranged on a tray of an installation bracket in an underground trench, and the front-end machine and the power supply coil are connected through a transmission bus; the secondary coil is arranged in the new energy electric vehicle and is a high-frequency high-voltage alternating current receiving side, namely the input side of the vehicle-mounted charger. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the positions of the loosely coupled transformers/magnetic switches of the wireless charging parking lot for trench homing.
In the embodiment, the front-end machine of the power supply system adopts modular N +1 redundancy and N + M cabinet combination to form a front-end machine power supply system, the primary side (power supply) coil has high reliability and stability, and the power supply coil and the power receiving coil are coupled by adopting a 'same-frequency synchronous double-resonance loop' to maximize transmission power.
The front-end machine generates high-frequency high-voltage alternating current of 100-200KHz by rectifying and filtering → PWM modulation conversion of alternating current commercial power of AC220V/380V, and transmits the high-frequency high-voltage alternating current to a primary coil (primary coil) of the loose coupling transformer through a bus. The front-end computer adopts the technologies of modularization, N +1 redundancy, hot plug, N + M combination, multi-module parallel current sharing, output voltage ground suspension and the like. And a remote monitoring function is realized by adopting various remote communication modes based on CAN, TCP/IP and RS-485. The device has the advantages of powerful functions, stability, reliability, environmental protection and energy conservation. Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a wireless charging parking lot front-end machine for trench type homing.
Specifically, the front-end machine comprises a power module consisting of a plurality of PWM modulation modules and a DC/AC conversion module, wherein the power module is N +1 redundancy, namely N PWM modulation modules and a DC/AC conversion module, and a group of redundancy is added.
The PWM modulation module and the DC/AC conversion module are respectively arranged in a front-end machine cabinet, and the modules are switched by adopting a hot plug mode.
During specific work, the power frequency high-voltage alternating current is transmitted to the box-type transformer, converted into low-voltage alternating current commercial power, transmitted to the rectifying and filtering circuit and then transmitted to the power module, the power module processes the voltage signal and converts the processed voltage signal into 100-plus-200 KHz high-frequency high-voltage alternating current, and the high-frequency high-voltage alternating current is compensated by the primary side compensation circuit and then transmitted to the primary side coil of the loose coupling transformer.
In practical use, a plurality of front-end machines can be used in parallel, namely an n + M combined front-end machine power supply system is formed, so that the total power supply power of the front-end machines can be greatly improved.
The front-end machine of the power supply system adopts modular combination, N +1 redundancy, parallel current sharing and ground suspension technology, hot plug and N + M combination, and can reach the technical standard of power supply in the communication industry; the front-end equipment is standardized and normalized, the maintenance amount is small, and the reliability is high; the network management and remote monitoring of various communication modes of CAN, TCP/IP and RS485 CAN be realized; the output power of the front-end machine equipment can be determined according to the power requirement of the charging automobile, the output power of the front-end machine is controlled, and the parallel operation combination of multiple modules and multiple front-end machines is realized, so that the wireless charging parking lot can output the required power according to the actual amount of the vehicles, and the energy can be saved by more than 10%.
The wireless charging parking lot system for the medium and large-sized parking lots adopts a mode that a power supply front-end machine is installed in a centralized mode, and high-frequency high-voltage alternating current is transmitted to a primary coil of each parking space in a trench by adopting a bus system. Therefore, the power supply is convenient for centralized management and maintenance, has the minimum transmission loss, the minimum construction amount and the minimum maintenance amount, saves energy, and reduces the construction investment and the maintenance cost. The energy can be saved by more than 15%.
The card socket of the charge management IC card is arranged behind a power receiving coil in the new energy electric vehicle, and the charge management IC card can be issued by a bank system nationwide by adopting a bank financial IC card charge management mode, and can realize the function of a pre-charge management system.
During specific work, the alternating current high voltage of the power supply network → behind the box-type transformer → 100-. The front-end machine equipment rectifies AC220/380V50Hz alternating current commercial power → performs PWM modulation → power conversion → generates 100-KHz 200-KHz high-frequency high-voltage alternating current → transmits the alternating current to primary (primary) coils (namely power supply sides) of various loosely-coupled transformers in a trench through a transmission bus, couples the alternating current to secondary (secondary) coils (namely power demand sides) of vehicle-mounted loosely-coupled transformers on the new-energy electric vehicle in a wireless electromagnetic wave transmission mode by utilizing the electromagnetic induction principle of the loosely-coupled transformers, generates stable and reliable direct current through rectification and then performs constant-voltage/constant-current charging on the energy storage battery. And a complete process of identification, control and metering charging is carried out by the vehicle-mounted prepayment IC card charging management system.
After an electric vehicle drives into a wireless charging parking lot parking space → a contact type IC charging card is inserted into the electric vehicle → an electric vehicle automatically opens, a flexible pipe with a secondary side coil extends out of a vehicle bottom plate and is automatically butted with a permanent magnet in a trench below a ground level, N poles and S poles of the ground permanent magnet and the underground permanent magnet are accurately butted and attracted according to 'like poles repel each other and opposite poles attract' and then a magnetic switch K is turned on to switch on a power supply to electrify the primary side coil. Or, the vehicle-mounted communication control module of the electric vehicle is started → the vehicle-mounted communication control module is communicated with the underground communication control module for identification and authentication, the underground communication control module is confirmed, then the magnetic switch K is started to be powered on → the primary coil of the loose coupling transformer B is powered on → the secondary coil on the vehicle side is induced by electromagnetism → the input power is provided to the input side of the vehicle-mounted charger → the vehicle-mounted charger is subjected to rectification and voltage stabilization filtering and constant-voltage and constant-current control, and then the storage battery is charged. When the magnetic switch K is powered on, the IC card is transferred to a metering and charging stage to consume the electricity charge purchased in advance on the IC card. The IC card may be selected as a bank debit rechargeable card.
It should be noted that: firstly, according to different models and different power of electric vehicles, the wireless charging parking lot of the trench type homing is basically divided into three types:
one type is a wireless charging parking lot system special for electric bicycles, and a charging application scene with power less than 1KVA of each parking space is provided by using single-phase alternating current AC220V50Hz or three-phase AC 380V;
the second type is a wireless charging parking lot system special for electric cars, namely, a charging application scene that three-phase alternating current AC380V50Hz is utilized to provide power smaller than 10-20 KVA of each parking space is provided;
the third type is a special wireless charging parking lot system for buses, coaches or freight trucks: the charging application scene that three-phase alternating current AC380V50Hz is utilized to provide power of each parking space in the range of 30-100 KVA is different.
The basic principle, the communication control and the charging management system of the three trench type homing wireless charging parking lot systems are the same as each other, but the provided electric power is different. The electric bicycle has low power, such as the electric bicycle uses single-phase electricity, and the electric bicycle has high power and uses three-phase electricity.
According to the technical scheme, the charger is provided with the current receiving coil on the electric vehicle, and the wireless charging parking lot is simple in structure, free of difficulty in construction and easy to construct. Compared with the old-fashioned charging pile, the construction cost is reduced by more than 50-60%, the maintenance amount can be reduced by 90%, the method is suitable for large-scale and large-area popularization and construction, the large-scale construction cost is lower, and good social environment and application conditions are provided for large-scale popularization and use of new energy electric vehicles. The popularization rate of electric vehicles in China can be rapidly improved, and new energy vehicles in China are enabled to go ahead of the world.
The technical scheme of the disclosure does not occupy the space area of the land surface, and can save the land area by 50 percent; the bus system is adopted for transmission, so that the line loss is very small, and the energy can be saved by more than 10%; the automatic seeking seamless butt joint is carried out during charging, so that the gap of the primary side coil and the secondary side coil is smaller than 2cm, the magnetic conductivity is larger than 98%, and the magnetic loss is minimized; the non-contact wireless electromagnetic conduction safety is high, so that personal safety accidents caused by transmission contact are basically zero; the host circuit and the power supply coil are separately arranged, so that the installation, the maintenance and the heat dissipation are convenient, and the service life of the equipment can be prolonged; the system can be popularized and constructed in a large area in a community or a public parking lot; the system maintenance amount is small, and 90% of maintenance amount can be reduced compared with that of a charging pile; the initial construction cost is reduced by 50-60% compared with the existing charging pile mode; the front-end machine adopts PWM conversion, current sharing among power supply modules, bus production, distribution and transmission, the primary and secondary coil loops adopt 100-200KHz same-frequency synchronous double-resonance loops, the primary coil (namely a power supply coil) is electrified only after a vehicle enters a parking space, and the energy is saved by more than 20% after the comprehensive power-saving technology is adopted.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A wireless parking lot system that charges of automatic homing of trench formula, characterized by includes:
the system comprises a front-end machine, a homing device, a power receiving coil and a power supply coil, wherein the front-end machine and the power supply coil are arranged separately and are connected through a bus;
wherein, the front-end machine is arranged above the ground surface in a centralized way; the power supply coil is arranged in a trench below the ground surface;
the front-end machine converts alternating current commercial power to generate high-frequency high-voltage alternating current, the high-frequency high-voltage alternating current is transmitted to the power supply coil through the transmission bus, the power supply coil is aligned with the power receiving coil of the vehicle-mounted device to be charged through the homing device, electric energy is transmitted through the loose coupling transformer, the electric energy is transmitted to the power receiving coil of the device to be charged, and then the electric energy is rectified and stabilized by the vehicle-mounted charger to charge the power battery of the electric vehicle.
2. A wireless charging parking lot system for trench homing as claimed in claim 1 wherein said power coil is mounted on a rack tray in the trench.
3. The wireless charging parking lot system for trench homing as claimed in claim 1, wherein said power coil and the power receiving coil of the vehicle-mounted device to be charged are combined to form a primary and secondary coil loop of a loosely coupled transformer, and the power receiving coil of the vehicle-mounted charging device is placed in a flexible tube of the bottom chassis of the electric vehicle.
4. The wireless charging parking lot system for trench type homing according to claim 3, wherein the upper end of the flexible tube is fixed in a chassis at the bottom of the vehicle, the lower end of the flexible tube is provided with a receiving coil in parallel, the two ends are connected through a steel wire rope in the tube, and a connecting wire is arranged in the tube to connect the receiving coil with the input side of the vehicle-mounted charger;
the flexible pipe is controlled by a micro motor in the vehicle to move up and down and left and right along with the lifting steel wire rope, and is made of a soft rubber pipe.
5. The wireless charging parking lot system of claim 1, wherein the homing device comprises a set of permanent magnets fixed on both sides of the underground power coil, another set of permanent magnets fixed on both sides of the vehicle power coil, the N pole of the power coil is opposite to the S pole of the receiving electric coil, and the S pole of the power coil is opposite to the N pole of the receiving electric coil, so as to complete the accurate butt joint according to the principle of like poles repelling each other and opposite poles attracting each other.
6. The wireless charging parking lot system for automatic ground-seeking according to claim 1, wherein the power supply coil and the power receiving coil loop of the device to be charged at the vehicle side adopt an alternating current high frequency 100 and 200KHz same-frequency synchronous double-resonance loop.
7. The wireless charging parking lot system for trench type homing according to claim 1, wherein said front-end machine comprises a power module, the power module comprises N PWM modulation modules connected in parallel, N DC/AC conversion modules connected in parallel, and a set of redundancy, the PWM modulation modules and the DC/AC conversion modules are connected in a one-to-one correspondence;
the front-end machine and the power supply coil are remotely monitored by adopting a CAN, TCP/IP or RS-485-based remote communication mode;
in a further technical scheme, the plurality of front-end machines are used in parallel, namely an n + M combined front-end machine power supply system is formed.
8. A wireless charging parking lot system for trench type homing according to claim 1, wherein said power supply coil is energized/de-energized by connecting an on/off switch of a magnetic switch to a transmission bus;
the magnetic switch is controlled by the vehicle-mounted permanent magnet, the on/off state is automatically reported to the front-end computer through the CAN communication bus, and meanwhile, the front-end computer determines the output power of the front-end computer according to the parking quantity.
9. The wireless charging parking lot system of claim 1, wherein the vehicle-mounted charger uses an IC card for charging management and control;
further, the input end of the front-end machine is single-phase alternating current or three-phase alternating current.
10. A wireless charging method for trench type homing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the front-end machine converts alternating current commercial power to generate high-frequency high-voltage alternating current, and then the high-frequency high-voltage alternating current is transmitted to the power supply coil through the transmission bus;
the power supply coil is aligned with a power receiving coil of the vehicle-mounted device to be charged through the automatic target seeking device, electric energy is transmitted through the loose coupling transformer, so that the electric energy is transmitted to the power receiving coil of the device to be charged, and then the electric vehicle power battery is charged after the electric energy is rectified and stabilized by the charger.
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