CN111777457A - Chemical control topping high-yield composition suitable for sesame growth later stage and application thereof - Google Patents
Chemical control topping high-yield composition suitable for sesame growth later stage and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111777457A CN111777457A CN202010725106.3A CN202010725106A CN111777457A CN 111777457 A CN111777457 A CN 111777457A CN 202010725106 A CN202010725106 A CN 202010725106A CN 111777457 A CN111777457 A CN 111777457A
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- 241000207961 Sesamum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 235000003434 Sesamum indicum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- ZMZGFLUUZLELNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(I)=CC(I)=C1I ZMZGFLUUZLELNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N Brassinolide Natural products O=C1OC[C@@H]2[C@@H]3[C@@](C)([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](C(C)C)C)C)CC3)CC[C@@H]2[C@]2(C)[C@@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C2 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N brassinolide Chemical compound C1OC(=O)[C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@H]2CC[C@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C(C)C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]21 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000010338 boric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 potassium triiodobenzoic acid Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- YNWVFADWVLCOPU-MDWZMJQESA-N (1E)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1/C(C(O)C(C)(C)C)=C/C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YNWVFADWVLCOPU-MDWZMJQESA-N 0.000 description 8
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005978 Flumetralin Substances 0.000 description 5
- PWNAWOCHVWERAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Flumetralin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C=1C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=1N(CC)CC1=C(F)C=CC=C1Cl PWNAWOCHVWERAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 244000040738 Sesamum orientale Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- PWVXXGRKLHYWKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[2-(benzenesulfonyl)ethyl]-3-[(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methyl]-1h-indole Chemical compound CN1CCCC1CC(C1=C2)=CNC1=CC=C2CCS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PWVXXGRKLHYWKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 2
- PEYUIKBAABKQKQ-AFHBHXEDSA-N (+)-sesamin Chemical compound C1=C2OCOC2=CC([C@H]2OC[C@H]3[C@@H]2CO[C@@H]3C2=CC=C3OCOC3=C2)=C1 PEYUIKBAABKQKQ-AFHBHXEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N (S,S)-paclobutrazol Chemical compound C([C@@H]([C@@H](O)C(C)(C)C)N1N=CN=C1)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 RMOGWMIKYWRTKW-UONOGXRCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DARPYRSDRJYGIF-PTNGSMBKSA-N (Z)-3-ethoxy-2-naphthalen-2-ylsulfonylprop-2-enenitrile Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)C(\C#N)=C/OCC)=CC=C21 DARPYRSDRJYGIF-PTNGSMBKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010013883 Dwarfism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000005780 Fluazinam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005802 Mancozeb Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005985 Paclobutrazol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000674 Phytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- ZZMNWJVJUKMZJY-AFHBHXEDSA-N Sesamolin Chemical compound C1=C2OCOC2=CC([C@H]2OC[C@H]3[C@@H]2CO[C@@H]3OC2=CC=C3OCOC3=C2)=C1 ZZMNWJVJUKMZJY-AFHBHXEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZMNWJVJUKMZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sesamolin Natural products C1=C2OCOC2=CC(C2OCC3C2COC3OC2=CC=C3OCOC3=C2)=C1 ZZMNWJVJUKMZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002363 auxin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000007215 black sesame Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007728 cost analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007727 cost benefit analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- PEYUIKBAABKQKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epiasarinin Natural products C1=C2OCOC2=CC(C2OCC3C2COC3C2=CC=C3OCOC3=C2)=C1 PEYUIKBAABKQKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- UZCGKGPEKUCDTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluazinam Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C(Cl)C([N+]([O-])=O)=C1NC1=NC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1Cl UZCGKGPEKUCDTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012395 formulation development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003630 growth substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021048 nutrient requirements Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- VRMHCMWQHAXTOR-CMOCDZPBSA-N sesamin Natural products C1=C2OCOC2=CC([C@@H]2OC[C@@]3(C)[C@H](C=4C=C5OCOC5=CC=4)OC[C@]32C)=C1 VRMHCMWQHAXTOR-CMOCDZPBSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a chemical control topping high-yield composition suitable for the late growth period of sesame and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of high-yield cultivation of crops. Wherein the composition comprises triiodobenzoic acid, brassinolide, potassium fulvate, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and boric acid. The chemical control topping high-yield composition is green, environment-friendly and efficient, can be sprayed at the later growth stage of sesame, can adjust the nutrition distribution direction of plants, can prevent the sesame from premature senility, and has obvious yield increasing and quality improving effects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-yield cultivation of crops, and particularly relates to a chemical control topping high-yield composition suitable for the later growth stage of sesame and application thereof.
Background
Sesame is originated from tropical regions in Africa and has unlimited growth habit, but under the climate condition of China, buds and capsules at the top cannot normally grow and develop due to low temperature at the later growth stage, so that the ineffective consumption of nutrition is caused, and the sesame growth regulator is one of the main factors for limiting the improvement of the sesame yield. The artificial topping is carried out at the later growth stage of the sesame, the growth environment of the sesame can be optimized, the nutrition distribution direction of plants is adjusted, so that the ineffective consumption is reduced, the premature senility is prevented, the formation of the empty tip of the sesame is effectively inhibited, the grouting rate, the effective capsule number and the seed plumpness of sesame seeds are improved, and the yield and the quality of the sesame are improved. However, the manual topping is time-consuming and labor-consuming, so that the cost is high, the benefit is low, and the method is not accepted by farmers. In order to improve the working efficiency, CN107926338A, CN207692467U and CN209949941U disclose sesame topping machines for sesame topping. However, because of individual difference among sesame plants, the mechanical topping length of each sesame plant cannot be accurately controlled, and sesame stalks are easily damaged, resulting in reduced sesame yield.
Chemical topping is commonly used in cotton and tobacco production, and mainly comprises flumetralin, mepiquat chloride, chlormequat chloride, and the like. Through comparing the effects of chlormequat chloride, paclobutrazol, triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA), and bijiu and 6-BA on the growth and yield formation of sesame, the bijiu and triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) can obviously shorten the empty tip length of the sesame, can obviously promote the yield increase of the sesame while playing a chemical topping role, and can obviously improve the contents of sesamin and sesamolin in sesame seeds, so that the bijiu is recommended to be a sesame chemical topping agent. However, it has been prohibited from being used in the production of pollution-free green foods for a long time now. Therefore, in order to meet new potential requirements, other green and safe plant growth regulators and application methods are needed to be searched.
Sesame is easy to have nutrition deficiency and premature senility at the later growth and development stage, so additional fertilization is advocated in the flowering phase of sesame in production. The foliar fertilizer is sprayed, has high fertilizer efficiency and quick response through the absorption of the leaves to nutrient elements, and is widely applied to various grains and economic crops. CN104402596A discloses a compound yield-increasing agent which is applied to the early stage of sesame growth and effectively promotes the improvement of the sesame yield. However, the compound high-yield agent is too early in the spraying period (20 days after sowing and the initial flowering period) and short in fertilizer efficiency, and the problem of premature senility in the later growth period of the sesame seeds cannot be effectively solved. In addition, CN104609982A discloses a red soil dry land sesame premature senility prevention regulating agent which can also supplement the nutrient requirement of the sesame in the late growth period, but the premature senility prevention regulating agent is added with a pesticide, namely mancozeb, and the pesticide is added in the late growth period, so that the method is not in accordance with the green and safe production concept of agricultural products.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at solving at least one of the technical problems, the invention organically combines a chemical element required by the later growth and development stage of the sesame into a chemical top-digging yield-increasing agent for the sesame on the basis of spraying a plant growth regulator to perform chemical top-digging, aiming at the problem of low sesame yield caused by unlimited growth habit of the sesame and premature senility in the later growth stage, thereby completing the invention.
The invention provides a chemical control topping high-yield composition suitable for sesame, which comprises triiodobenzoic acid, brassinolide, potassium fulvate, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and boric acid.
Triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) is one of anti-auxin, is easy to be absorbed by plants, can be transported in stems, can inhibit the growth of plant tops, dwarfs the plants, effectively controls the unlimited growth of sesame, shortens the hollow tip length of the sesame and promotes the transfer of nutrients and photosynthetic products. The brassinolide is a novel plant endogenous hormone, is a well-known high-efficiency, broad-spectrum and non-toxic plant growth regulator, can fully stimulate the inherent potential of plants and obviously relieve the occurrence of phytotoxicity. The fulvic acid potassium is a common humic acid fertilizer, and the fulvic acid component in the fulvic acid potassium has excellent biological activity, can enhance the activity of biological enzymes in crops, regulate the metabolic activity in the crops, enhance the absorption, conversion and synthesis of nutrients by the crops and promote the growth of the crops. The compound potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and boric acid can effectively supplement nutrients required by the later growth and development stage of the sesame and prevent the sesame from senilism.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the components of the composition are in parts by weight:
750 parts of triiodobenzoic acid, 0.5-1.5 parts of brassinolide, 10000 parts of fulvic acid potassium, 10000 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 15000 parts of magnesium sulfate, 10000 parts of boric acid and 15000 parts of potassium triiodobenzoic acid.
In some more preferred embodiments of the present invention, the components of the composition are in parts by weight: 750 parts of triiodobenzoic acid, 1 part of brassinolide, 7500 parts of potassium fulvate, 15000 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 10000 parts of magnesium sulfate and 10000 parts of boric acid.
In a second aspect, the invention provides the use of the composition of the first aspect of the invention in the preparation of a formulation for chemical topping and high yield of sesames.
In some preferred embodiments of the invention, the working mass fractions of the components in the preparation are 0.010-0.015% of triiodobenzoic acid and 1-3 × 10% of brassinolide-50.10 to 0.20 percent of potassium fulvate, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of magnesium sulfate and 0.20 to 0.30 percent of boric acid. The working mass fraction is a mass fraction at the time of actual use.
In some more preferred embodiments of the invention, the working mass fractions of the components in the formulation are 0.015% triiodobenzoic acid and 2 × 10% brassinolide-50.15 percent of potassium fulvate, 0.3 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2 percent of magnesium sulfate and 0.2 percent of boric acid.
In some embodiments of the invention, the formulation is a powder formulation or a liquid formulation.
In some embodiments of the invention, the formulation is applied late in the growth and development of sesame. In some embodiments of the invention, the formulation is applied at the end of the full bloom stage of sesame.
The invention has the advantages of
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the chemical control topping and yield increasing composition is sprayed on the leaves, and the spraying time is that the spraying time is at the late growth period (the end of full-bloom period) of sesame, and the spraying time is about 750kg/hm of water2Is operable toThe performance is strong. Can effectively reduce the empty length of the sesame, simultaneously promote the photosynthetic products to be transferred from the sesame shell to the sesame seeds, obviously reduce the blight rate and finally increase the sesame yield by 14 percent or more.
The chemical control topping high-yield composition is green, environment-friendly and efficient, and the plant growth regulator and the nutrient elements are compounded, so that the unlimited growth of the sesame can be prevented, the nutrient components required by the later growth and development stage of the sesame can be supplemented, the premature senility can be prevented, the effective transportation of the photosynthetic products can be promoted, and the yield of the sesame can be increased.
The chemical control topping high-yield composition disclosed by the invention can be sprayed for 1 time, so that the growth of empty and sharp sesame can be effectively inhibited, and nutritional ingredients required in the later growth stage of the sesame can be supplemented. Meanwhile, the fertilizer is applied in a field spraying mode, so that the labor intensity is greatly reduced, the working efficiency is improved, and the cost saving and efficiency increasing effects are obvious.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the application of chemical topping and high yield sesame composition.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following embodiments.
Examples
The following examples are used herein to demonstrate preferred embodiments of the invention. It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the techniques disclosed in the examples which follow represent techniques discovered by the inventor to function in the invention, and thus can be considered to constitute preferred modes for its practice. Those of skill in the art should, in light of the present disclosure, appreciate that many changes can be made in the specific embodiments which are disclosed and still obtain a like or similar result without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs and the disclosures and references cited herein and the materials to which they refer are incorporated by reference.
Those skilled in the art will recognize, or be able to ascertain using no more than routine experimentation, many equivalents to the specific embodiments of the invention described herein. Such equivalents are intended to be encompassed by the following claims.
The experimental procedures in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The instruments used in the following examples are, unless otherwise specified, laboratory-standard instruments; the test materials used in the following examples were purchased from a conventional biochemical reagent store unless otherwise specified.
Example 1 sesame chemical topping agent screening
1. Materials and methods
The test was carried out using a fully randomized block design, setting 8 test treatments of control (H1), artificial topping (H2), flumetralin (H3, 0.050%), flumetralin (H4, 0.075%), uniconazole (H5, 0.001%), uniconazole (H6, 0.002%), TIBA triiodobenzoic acid (H7, 0.010%), TIBA triiodobenzoic acid (H8, 0.015%), a cell area of 12m2Three replicates. The test is carried out at the research institute of red soil in Jiangxi province, and the sesame variety to be tested is Ganzi 9. The manual topping and the chemical topping are both carried out 60 days after the sowing, and the chemical topping water adding amount is 750kg/hm2Manually topping and picking one leaf at the top and one heart, wherein the length is not more than 2 cm. Other cultivation management measures refer to the field cultivation of common sesame.
2. Results and analysis
The results are shown in Table 1. Compared with the control (H1), the manual topping (H2) has the advantages that the plant height and the aerial length are obviously shortened, the axial length of sesame, the number of capsules per plant and the thousand seed weight tend to be increased, and finally the yield per plant and the yield per mu are increased, wherein the yield per mu is increased by 4.84 percent but not reach obvious difference. Compared with the control and the artificial topping, the uniconazole treatment of two concentrations results in the reduction of the plant height, the fruit axis length, the single plant capsule number and the thousand seed weight of the sesame, and finally results in the reduction of the yield of the sesame. Compared to the control, the yield was reduced by 5.38% for the 0.001% uniconazole (H5) treatment and 11.66% for the 0.002% uniconazole (H6) treatment. Under the treatment of the flumetralin, the hollow length of the sesame is obviously reduced, but the hollow length of the sesame is longer than that of the artificial top-pruning, but the hollow length of the sesame has no obvious influence on the plant height, the fruit axis length, the single-plant capsule number, the thousand kernel weight and the yield of the sesame, but the influence of the treatment of H3 on the yield of the sesame is better than that of H4. Under the treatment of 0.015% TIBA (H8), the empty length of the sesame is obviously shortened, but other indexes are not obviously influenced, and the yield of the sesame can be increased by 3.72%; under the 0.010% TIBA treatment (H7), the plant height, the aerial length and the thousand seed weight of the sesame are obviously reduced, and finally, the sesame yield per mu is reduced by 5.64%.
TABLE 1 Effect of chemical topping on sesame yield and related traits
△Yield 1(％)＝(YTreatment of-YH1)/YH1×100％；△Yield 2(％)＝(YTreatment of-YCK2)/YCK2× 100%, different lower case letters in the same column indicate significant difference at the 0.05 level, and the data in the table are the mean of three replicates.
The comprehensive comparison of the chemical topping agent on the sesame yield and the related agronomic characters shows that both the concentration of uniconazole lead to the reduction of the yield of the sesame and the sesame is not suitable for being used as the chemical topping agent of the sesame; the treatment of 0.050% of flumetralin and 0.015% of TIBA can obviously reduce the hollow length of the sesame, has certain yield increase effect on the yield of the sesame, is suitable for being used as a chemical topping agent of the sesame, and can be used for the subsequent compound research of the chemical topping and yield increasing agent of the sesame.
Example 2 sesame chemical control topping and yield increasing agent composition application amount screening
1. Materials and methods
The test was carried out using a completely randomized block design, setting control (Z0), brassinolide (Z1,1 × 10)-5%), brassinolide (Z2,2 × 10)-5%), brassinolide (Z3,3 × 10)-5%), potassium fulvate (Z4, 0.10%), potassium fulvate (Z5, 0.15%) and potassium fulvate (Z6, 0.20%) 7 test treatments with a cell area of 12m2Three replicates. The test is carried out at red soil research institute in Jiangxi province, the sesame variety to be tested is Ganzi No. 9, the foliar spraying of each substance is carried out 60 days after sowing, and the water adding amount is 750kg/hm2. Other cultivation management measures refer to the field cultivation of common sesame.
2. Results and analysis
The results are shown in Table 2, and both brassinolide and potassium fulvate promote sesame yield improvement compared with the control (Z0). within the mass fraction range of the research experiment, the brassinolide yield is increased by 5.43% -7.08%, and is calculated by Z2(2 × 10)-5%) has optimal yield-increasing effect; the yield of the potassium fulvate is increased by 4.27-5.85%, and the yield increasing effect is optimal by using Z5 (0.15%).
TABLE 2 influence of chemical sesame topping and yield enhancement on sesame yield and related traits
Example 3 formulation development of chemical control sesame topping and yield increasing agent
1. Materials and methods
The optimal application amount of each composition screened in the examples 1 and 2 is utilized to prepare 8 sesame chemical topping high-yield compositions in total, the treatment is shown in the table 3, the working mass fractions of the compositions are as follows, fluazinam (0.05%), TIBA (0.015%), brassinolide (2 × 10)-5%), potassium fulvate (0.15%), Na2HPO4(0.3％)、MgSO4(0.2%), boric acid (0.2%), wherein Na is2HPO4、MgSO4And boric acid are compounded according to the application amount of the conventional foliar fertilizer. The test is carried out at the research institute of red soil in Jiangxi province, and the sesame variety to be tested is Ganzi 9 with the cell area of 12m2Three replicates. The chemical topping and yield increasing agent is sprayed 60 days after sowing, and the water adding amount is 750kg/hm2. Other cultivation management measures refer to the field cultivation of common sesame.
TABLE 3 Compound ingredient table of sesame chemical topping and yield increasing agent
2. Results and analysis
The results are shown in Table 4. Compared with the Control (CK), the sesame has the yield increasing tendency under the treatment of P1, P2 and P3, but the significant difference is not achieved; the P4, P5 and P6 obviously reduce the empty tip length of sesame, but the P4 and P5 have no obvious influence on the yield and other yield traits of the sesame, the sesame capsule yield and the yield per mu are obviously increased under the treatment of P6, the yield per mu is increased by 14 percent, and the yield increasing effect is obvious.
TABLE 4 influence of chemical sesame topping and yield enhancement on sesame yield and related traits
Compared with the control, the treatment of P1, P2 and P4 has obviously reduced sesame blight rate, but has no obvious influence on other indexes; the grain number and the grain-hull ratio of each capsule of the sesame are obviously increased under the treatment of P3, and the blight rate is obviously reduced; the weight of each capsule of sesame is obviously increased under the treatment of P5, the blight rate is obviously reduced, but other indexes are not obviously changed; the number of grains per capsule, the grain weight and the grain-shell ratio of the sesame under the treatment of P6 are obviously increased, and the blight rate is obviously reduced (as shown in Table 5).
TABLE 5 influence of chemical sesame topping and yield increasing agent on sesame seed properties
The influence of each compound high-yield composition on the sesame yield and the related characters is comprehensively analyzed, and the compound high-yield composition P6 reduces the consumption of ineffective nutrients by controlling the growth of the empty tips of the sesame, promotes the photosynthetic products to be transported to the lower capsules, increases the effective capsule number of each sesame plant, and promotes the transportation of the photosynthetic products from the sesame shell to the seeds, so that the blight rate is obviously reduced, the weight of each capsule is obviously increased, the sesame yield is finally improved, and the yield increasing effect is most obvious. Therefore, P6 is a chemical control topping high-yield composition suitable for the later period of sesame growth.
Example 4 study of application time and benefit analysis of chemical control sesame topping and yield increasing agent
1. Materials and methods
The test is carried out at the research institute of red soil in Jiangxi province, and the sesame variety to be tested is Ganzi 9. The test adopts the sesameseed chemical control topping high-yield composition P6 screened in example 3, and three spraying times are set: 50d (T1) after sowing, 60d (T2) after sowing and 70d (T3) after sowing, and the water adding amount is 750kg/hm2And taking the condition that the high yield agent is not sprayed as a contrast. Cell area 12m2And repeating the steps for three times, and performing other cultivation management measures by referring to the field cultivation of common sesame.
2. Results and analysis
The results are shown in Table 6. Compared with a Control (CK), the T1 treatment only has a remarkable inhibiting effect on growth of empty tips of the sesame and has no remarkable influence on the yield and other characters of the sesame; the empty tip length of the sesame is shortened under the treatment of T2, the capsule yield of a single plant and the yield per mu are both obviously increased, and the yield per mu is increased by 15.26%; the T3 treatment has no significant influence on the sesame yield and the yield traits. As can be seen, the optimal spraying time of the compound high-yield composition is 60 days after sowing.
TABLE 6 influence of the spraying time of the chemical topping and yield enhancement agent for sesame on the yield and related traits of sesame
The cost and benefit of the sesamed chemical topping composition P6 are shown in tables 7 and 8. It can be seen that after the application of P6, the increased pure income of sesame seeds per hectare is 1991.6 yuan, and the benefit is remarkable.
TABLE 7 cost analysis of sesame seed-specific yield agent
TABLE 8 cost benefit analysis of sesame seed specific yield enhancers
Note: the price of black sesame is as follows: 16 yuan/kg; manual work: 80 yuan/day; benefit increase is value added-total material cost-human cost;
the best application time of the compound high-yield composition is found to be 60 days after sowing. The early spraying can control the growth of empty tips of the sesame, but the yield increasing effect is not obvious; the spraying time is too late, the sesame yield is basically formed, and therefore, the yield increasing effect cannot be achieved. By spraying the P6, the pure income can be increased by 1991.6 yuan per hectare, and the benefit is remarkable.
Example 5 demonstration of the use of a chemically controlled sesame topping composition
The screened sesames chemical control topping high-yield composition P6 is used for field demonstration and popularization in Yin-Yang delta of Nanchang county in Jiangxi province, and the demonstration area is 15 mu. The Ganzhi 5 of the model variety is compounded and the high-yield composition is sprayed 60 days after sowing, and is mixed with 750kg/hm of water2The Control (CK) is the compound high yield composition which is not sprayed. By analyzing the sesame yield, the yield of the sesame is increased by 14.35% by spraying the compound yield increasing agent and the yield increasing effect of the sesame is obvious compared with that of a control group (CK) (Table 9).
TABLE 9 demonstration effect of chemical controlled sesame topping and yield increasing agent
All documents referred to herein are incorporated by reference into this application as if each were individually incorporated by reference. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the above teachings of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The chemical control topping high-yield composition suitable for sesame is characterized by comprising triiodobenzoic acid, brassinolide, potassium fulvate, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate and boric acid.
2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 750 parts of triiodobenzoic acid, 0.5-1.5 parts of brassinolide, 10000 parts of fulvic acid potassium, 10000 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 15000 parts of magnesium sulfate, 10000 parts of boric acid and 15000 parts of potassium triiodobenzoic acid.
3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 750 parts of triiodobenzoic acid, 1 part of brassinolide, 7500 parts of potassium fulvate, 15000 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 10000 parts of magnesium sulfate and 10000 parts of boric acid.
4. Use of the composition of claim 1 for the preparation of a formulation for chemical topping and high yield of sesames.
5. The use of claim 4, wherein the formulation comprises, by mass, 0.010-0.015% triiodobenzoic acid and 1-3 × 10% brassinolide-50.10 to 0.20 percent of potassium fulvate, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.20 to 0.30 percent of magnesium sulfate and 0.20 to 0.30 percent of boric acid.
6. The use of claim 5, wherein the formulation comprises, by mass, 0.015% triiodobenzoic acid and 2 × 10% brassinolide-50.15 percent of potassium fulvate, 0.3 percent of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2 percent of magnesium sulfate and 0.2 percent of boric acid.
7. Use according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the formulation is a powder formulation or a liquid formulation.
8. The use according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the formulation is applied late in the growth and development of sesame.
9. Use according to claim 8, wherein the formulation is applied at the end of the full bloom stage of sesame.
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