CN111777266A - Solar energy running water oxygenation nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removing device and purification method thereof - Google Patents
Solar energy running water oxygenation nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removing device and purification method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower, fuel cells
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F7/00—Aeration of stretches of water
Abstract
The invention discloses a solar energy active water oxygenation nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removing device and a purification method thereof.A grid and at least two nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removing modules are sequentially arranged in a ditch along the water flow direction, an adsorption material is filled in the grid, and each nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removing module comprises an upper-layer denitrification and phosphorus removal plant cage, a lower-layer denitrification and phosphorus removal plant cage, a lifting device, a counterweight base, a first interception plate, a second interception plate, an aeration device and a solar power supply device; the aeration device comprises an aerator and an aeration pipeline, the solar power supply device is fixed on the upper part of the plant cage for removing nitrogen and phosphorus and is connected with the power consumption device for supplying power through a waterproof wire. The device can be used for configuring plant types according to actual conditions, can be flexibly adjusted according to actual ditch liquid level heights in different seasons, and can drive the aerator to generate electricity through solar energy supply and storage, so that the dissolved oxygen content of the water body can be increased without an external power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of non-point source pollution control and water pollution treatment, and particularly relates to a solar energy running water oxygenation nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal device and a purification method thereof.
Background
The farmland ditch is a necessary channel for agricultural surface runoff to flow into natural water bodies such as rivers, lakes and the like, thereby playing an extremely important role in reducing agricultural non-point source pollution. In recent years, the country pays attention to the environment protection function of farmland ditches, proposes to perfect high-standard farmland construction standard specifications, requires fully utilizing the existing ditches, ponds, cellars and the like in sensitive areas and large and medium irrigation areas, configuring aquatic plant communities, grids and permeable dams, constructing related facilities for removing nitrogen and absorbing phosphorus and the like, and purifying farmland drainage and surface runoff.
The invention patent with the patent number of 201710743367.6 discloses a portable farmland ecological ditch nitrogen and phosphorus removal device and a method, the device comprises a hollow rectangular frame, four corners of the top surface of the frame are respectively provided with a first fixing rope, a detachable rectangular plant growing area is arranged in the frame, a substrate is arranged in the plant growing area, aquatic plants are planted on the substrate, and four corners of the top surface of the plant growing area are respectively provided with a second fixing rope. The invention patent No. 201811468836.9 discloses a nitrogen and phosphorus interception system and method for a garden landscape type ecological ditch, which comprises a sediment buffer zone, an ecological ditch unit, an interception conversion pond and ridge plant fences, so that the farmland is used as the absorption sink of environmental nitrogen and phosphorus, and the purposes of optimizing the water quality of drainage and improving the ecological environment of the farmland are achieved.
However, the ecological system of the existing ditch nitrogen and phosphorus interception and purification device is single, the plant configuration types are limited, and the device cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the actual liquid level heights of ditches in different seasons; and the flow velocity of the ditch water is slow, the ditch water is basically in a static state in non-rainfall weather, the oxygen content in the water body is low, and the requirement of removing pollutants by aquatic plants and microorganisms cannot be met. Therefore, it is of practical value to find new in situ trench processing devices.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a solar energy active water oxygenation nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removing device and a purification method thereof on the premise of ensuring that the irrigation and drainage functions of a ditch are not affected.
The invention adopts the following specific technical scheme:
a solar energy active water oxygenation nitrogen phosphorus synchronous removing device comprises a grating and at least two nitrogen phosphorus synchronous removing modules, wherein the grating and the at least two nitrogen phosphorus synchronous removing modules are sequentially arranged in a ditch along a water flow direction, and an adsorbing material is filled in the grating; each nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal module comprises an upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage, a lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage, a lifting device, a counterweight base, a first interception plate, a second interception plate, an aeration device and a solar power supply device;
the height of the upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage is level with the water level, and the upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage is fixedly connected with the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage through a lifting device; the upper layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage and the lower layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage can move up and down through the lifting device to adjust the height; the upper-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage and the lower-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage are of uncovered box body structures, and a plurality of holes are formed in the box surface below the box body; the upper part in the box body is filled with large-particle plant growth nutrient substrates, the lower part is filled with mixed filler of fine particle filler and coarse particle filler, and the pore diameter of the box body is smaller than the particle size of the internal filling material; emergent aquatic plants are planted at the top of the box body of the upper-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage, and the roots of the emergent aquatic plants extend into a plant growth nutrient medium and a mixed filler filled in the box body; submerged plants are planted at the top of the box body of the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage, and the roots of the submerged plants extend into a plant growth nutrient medium and a mixed filler filled in the box body; the aeration device comprises an aerator and an aeration pipeline, the aerator is fixed above the upper-layer denitrification and dephosphorization plant cage box body, one end of the aeration pipeline extends out of the aerator, and the other end of the aeration pipeline is fixed on the counterweight base;
along the water flow direction, the upper end of the first interception plate is fixedly connected with the lower part of the tail part of the upper-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage, the lower end of the first interception plate is fixedly connected with the upper part of the tail part of the lower-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage, and the first interception plate completely intercepts water flow between the lower part of the upper-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage and the upper part of the lower-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage; the upper end of the second interception plate is fixedly connected with the lower part of the tail part of the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage, the lower end of the second interception plate is fixedly connected with the bottom of the ditch, and the second interception plate completely intercepts water flow between the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage and the bottom of the ditch;
the solar power supply device is fixed on the upper part of the upper denitrification and dephosphorization plant cage body and is connected with the power consumption device through a waterproof wire for power supply.
Preferably, the fine particle filler comprises biochar, activated carbon, steel slag, resin and sponge iron, and the particle size of the filler is 2-4 mm.
Preferably, the coarse-grained filler comprises volcanic rock, vermiculite, zeolite, medical stone and gravel, and the grain size of the filler is 6-8 mm.
Preferably, the adsorption material comprises volcanic rock, zeolite, medical stone, gravel and activated carbon, and the particle size of the material is 2-5 cm.
Preferably, the solar energy active water oxygenation nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removing device can be arranged in the ditch along the water flow direction.
Preferably, the heights of the plate surfaces of the first interception plate and the second interception plate in the vertical water flow direction are adjustable.
Preferably, the length of the aeration pipeline is not less than the depth of the ditch in which the nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal device is located.
Preferably, the bottom of the grating is fixed at the bottom of the channel, the top of the grating is flush with the upper part of the channel, and the width of the grating is consistent with that of the channel, so that the water flow in the channel can completely flow through the grating.
Preferably, the lifting device adopts one or more of a straight arm type, a crank arm type and a scissor type.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for intercepting and purifying drainage water from a ditch by using any one of the above treatment devices, comprising the following steps:
the water flow firstly flows through the grating and the adsorption material filled in the grating, so that suspended matters in the water flow are intercepted, nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the water are adsorbed, meanwhile, the water flow speed is reduced, the hydraulic retention time is prolonged, and the scouring of the water flow on plants and matrixes in a subsequent device is reduced;
the grid intercepts and buffers the water flow to the nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal module, in each nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal module, the water flow enters an upper-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage and a lower-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage treatment area through the blocking effect of the first blocking plate and the second blocking plate, and the upper-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage and the lower-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage respectively perform nitrogen and phosphorus removal treatment on the water flow at different depths by adjusting the lifting device; the nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal module is processed through the steps 1) to 3):
1) because the mixed fillers with different particle sizes are filled in the upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage and the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage, and the pore channels formed between the fillers are prolonged, the hydraulic retention time of water flow between the fillers can be prolonged, and the removal effect of the fillers on nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the water flow is enhanced;
2) the plants are subjected to photosynthesis and aerobic respiration under the illumination condition, pollutants in the intercepted water are removed through the action of plant root systems, and meanwhile, the plant root systems utilize adsorbed organic matters and nutritive salts as plant growth nutrients, so that the utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus is increased; through the aeration and oxygenation effects of the aeration device, the microenvironment around the plant root system presents aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic areas, the diversity of the microorganisms of the root system is increased, and the nitrogen and phosphorus removal performance is improved;
3) the water body is oxygenated by the scouring action of water flow and an aeration device, different biological films are gradually formed on the surfaces of the mixed fillers in different areas, and the nitrification reaction, the aerobic phosphorus absorption action, the nitrosation reaction and the denitrification reaction are carried out by utilizing the biological film action;
in the process of treating ditch drainage by using the solar active water oxygenation nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal device, the aeration quantity of different nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal module aeration devices is adjusted according to a target process, so that the dissolved oxygen concentration of water flow entering an upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage and a lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage is different, and the difference of the area size of an aerobic environment, an anoxic environment and an anaerobic environment is realized;
each electric device is connected with the solar power supply device through a waterproof line, and the solar power supply device is used for supplying power.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the device of the invention can carry out plant species configuration according to actual conditions;
(2) the device can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual liquid level heights of the ditches in different seasons;
(3) the device of the invention drives the aerator to generate electricity by solar energy supply and storage, and can increase the dissolved oxygen content of the water body without an external power supply;
(4) the invention realizes different removal effects of the biomembrane attached to the filler in different areas on nitrogen and phosphorus in the water flow under aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic environments through the matching action of the interception plate, the aeration device and the filler.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal module shown in FIG. 1;
the invention has the following reference numerals:
the device comprises a grid 1, an upper-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 2, a lifting device 3, an aeration device 4, a solar power supply device 5, a lower-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6, a first interception plate 71, a second interception plate 72 and a counterweight base 8.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated and described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The technical features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined correspondingly without mutual conflict.
As shown in figure 1, the device for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus by oxygenation of solar live water comprises a grating and at least two modules for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus, wherein the grating 1 and the at least two modules for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus are sequentially arranged in a ditch along the water flow direction.
The grid 1 is a porous box-shaped structure, and is filled with adsorbing materials with the particle size of 2-5cm, and volcanic rock, zeolite, medical stone, gravel, active carbon and the like can be used as the adsorbing materials. Grid 1 bottom is fixed in the canal bottom, and its top is the parallel and level with irrigation canals and ditches upper portion, and the width of grid 1 is unanimous with the irrigation canals and ditches width to guarantee that irrigation canals and ditches rivers can flow through grid 1 completely, and the irrigation canals and ditches rivers behind grid 1 effect have reduced the velocity of water, have reduced the washing away to plant and matrix in the follow-up device.
As shown in fig. 2, each module for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus comprises an upper-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 2, a lower-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6, a lifting device 3, a counterweight base 8, a first interception plate 71, a second interception plate 72, an aeration device 4 and a solar power supply device 5.
Wherein, the height and the water level at 2 tops of upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage are level to through elevating gear 3 and 6 fixed connection of lower floor nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage, lower floor nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6 passes through elevating gear 3 and 8 fixed connection of counter weight base, and counter weight base 8 is fixed in the ditch bottom. The upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 2 and the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6 can move up and down through the lifting device 3 to be subjected to height adjustment, and the upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 2 and the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6 are preferably detachably connected with the lifting device 3 in a fixing mode so as to replace the upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 2 and the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6 as required. The lifting device 3 can adopt a straight arm type, a crank arm type or a scissor type, and in order to prolong the service life, the surface of the lifting device 3 can be sprayed with waterproof materials so as to delay the erosion effect of water flow.
The upper layer denitrification dephosphorization plant cage 2 and the lower layer denitrification dephosphorization plant cage 6 are both of uncovered box body structures, a plurality of holes are arranged on the box surface below the box body, and the rest box surfaces are closed and are not provided with holes, so that water flow can only flow in from the holes below the box body. The upper part in the box body is filled with large-particle plant growth nutrient substrates, the lower part is filled with mixed filler of fine particle filler and coarse particle filler, and the fine particle filler and the coarse particle filler in the mixed filler are uniformly mixed. Wherein, the fine particle filler can adopt biochar, activated carbon, steel slag, resin and sponge iron with the particle size of 2-4 mm; the coarse particle filler can be volcanic rock, vermiculite, zeolite, medical stone and gravel with particle size of 6-8 mm. The diameter of the pore on the box body of the plant cage for removing nitrogen and phosphorus 2 is smaller than the particle size of the nutrient substrate, the fine particle filler and the coarse particle filler filled in the plant cage for removing nitrogen and phosphorus. Emergent aquatic plants such as canna, cattail and the like are planted at the top of the box body of the upper-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 2, and the roots of the emergent aquatic plants extend into the plant growth nutrient substrate and the mixed filler filled in the box body. Submerged plants such as tape grass, hydrilla verticillata and the like are planted at the top of the box body of the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6. The roots of the submerged plants extend into the plant growth nutrient medium and the mixed filler filled in the box body so as to draw nutrients and help the mixed filler to form a biological film.
Along the water flow direction, the upper end of the first interception plate 71 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the tail part of the upper-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 2, the lower end of the first interception plate 71 is fixedly connected with the upper part of the tail part of the lower-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6, and the first interception plate 71 completely intercepts water flow between the lower part of the upper-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 2 and the upper part of the lower-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6. The upper end of the second interception plate 72 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the tail part of the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6, the lower end of the second interception plate 72 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the ditch, and the second interception plate 72 completely intercepts water flow between the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6 and the bottom of the ditch. That is, the water flow can only flow through the treatment device through the upper denitrification and dephosphorization plant cage 2 and the lower denitrification and dephosphorization plant cage 6. Moreover, the heights of the plate surfaces of the first interception plate 71 and the second interception plate 72 in the vertical water flow direction can be adjusted. That is, when the heights of the upper plant cage 2 and the lower plant cage 6 are adjusted, the first and second interception plates 71 and 72 can also completely block water flow, so that water flow can only flow through the treatment device through the upper plant cage 2 and the lower plant cage 6.
The aeration device 4 comprises an aerator and an aeration pipeline, the aerator is fixed above the upper denitrification and dephosphorization plant cage 2 box body, and the machine can be fixed and sealed by a waterproof shell in order to avoid water inlet damage. One end of the aeration pipeline extends out of the aeration machine, the other end of the aeration pipeline is fixed on the counterweight base 8, and the length of the aeration pipeline is not less than the depth of a ditch where the nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal device is located so as to ensure that when the height of the nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 2 is adjusted up and down, water flow can still fully aerate in the vertical direction. The solar power supply device 5 is fixed on the upper part of the upper denitrification and dephosphorization plant cage 2 box body and is connected with the power consumption device through a waterproof wire for power supply.
In practical application, the treatment device can be arranged in the ditch along the water flow direction in the full rainwater period, and water flows with different heights can be fully treated by adjusting the height of the lifting device. In the rainwater exhaustion period, only one group of nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal modules or even only one layer of nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage can be reserved, and the redundant nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cages are removed to save the cost, namely the treatment device can be flexibly assembled according to the requirement.
The farmland drainage interception and purification method based on the treatment device comprises the following steps:
water flow firstly flows through the grating 1, and through the adsorption material filled in the grating, large particle pollutants such as garbage, plant leaves and insect remains in the ditch drainage are intercepted, and pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus in water are subjected to preliminary adsorption treatment through the adsorption performance of the adsorption material, so that the water flow speed is reduced, the hydraulic retention time is prolonged, and the scouring of the water flow to plants and matrixes in a follow-up device is reduced. Each electric device is connected to the solar power supply device 5 through a waterproof line, and is supplied with power by the solar power supply device 5.
Ditch rivers after grid (1) interception buffering because the separation effect of first interceptor 71 and second interceptor 72 gets into upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 2 and lower floor's nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6 treatment area, through adjusting elevating gear 3, make upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 2 and lower floor's nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6 carry out nitrogen and phosphorus removal processing to the rivers of the different degree of depth respectively, and concrete process is as follows:
1) because the mixed fillers with different particle sizes are filled in the upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 2 and the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6, and the pore channels formed between the fillers are prolonged, the hydraulic retention time of water flow between the fillers can be prolonged, and the removal effect of the fillers on pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water flow is enhanced.
2) Plants planted in the upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 2 and the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6 are subjected to photosynthesis and aerobic respiration under the illumination condition, pollutants in the intercepted water are removed through the action of plant root systems, and meanwhile, the plant root systems utilize adsorbed organic matters and nutritive salts as plant growth nutrients, so that the utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus is increased; because the ditch water velocity of flow is slower, is the quiescent condition basically in non-rainfall weather, and dissolved oxygen content is less in the water, and plant roots is mainly anaerobic environment, and microorganism species is comparatively single, consequently through aeration oxygenation effect of aeration equipment 4, makes the microenvironment around plant roots present aerobic, oxygen deficiency and anaerobic region, increases root system microorganism variety, improves nitrogen and phosphorus removal performance.
3) The water flow continuously flows through the mixed filler filled in the upper layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 2 and the lower layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6 box body, different biological films are gradually formed on the surfaces of the fillers in different areas, the aeration disturbance of the aeration device 4 can oxygenate the water body, so that the dissolved oxygen content in the water body just entering the upper layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 2 and the lower layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6 is higher, the microorganisms in the biological films on the surfaces of the fillers in the areas are in an aerobic environment, and the nitrification reaction and the aerobic phosphorus absorption effect are mainly performed at the moment; along with the gradual entering of the water body into the filler, the content of dissolved oxygen in the water body is gradually reduced, microorganisms in the biomembrane on the surface of the filler in the area are in an anoxic environment, and then the nitrosation reaction is mainly carried out; when the water body continues flowing in the mixed filler, the dissolved oxygen in the water body is gradually consumed, and the microorganisms in the biological membrane on the surface of the filler in the area are in an anaerobic environment, and then the denitrification reaction is mainly carried out.
In practical application, can adjust the aeration rate size that different nitrogen phosphorus got rid of module aeration equipment 4 in step as required, make and get into the dissolved oxygen concentration difference of rivers in upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 2 and the lower floor nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage 6, realize packing the difference of the regional size of surperficial aerobic environment, oxygen deficiency environment and anaerobic environment to make the microbial community of filler surface adnexed have difference to some extent, can make nitrogen phosphorus get rid of more fully in the rivers. The proportion of the sizes of the aerobic environment, the anoxic environment and the anaerobic environment can obtain corresponding results through indoor simulation tests according to target processes so as to support the application of the areas in practical engineering.
That is to say, utilize the remove device of this application, not only can realize different dissolved oxygen environment in vertical direction, can also realize different dissolved oxygen environment in the module is got rid of in step to nitrogen phosphorus of difference along the rivers direction through the size of adjusting the aeration rate, get rid of the module in step through setting up and be no less than two nitrogen phosphorus, realize the free configuration of multiple different dissolved oxygen environment, can make nitrogen phosphorus get rid of the effect and show more.
The reason why the present invention makes such an improvement is because: researches show that in an aerobic environment, as the content of dissolved oxygen is increased, microorganisms carry out aerobic phosphorus absorption and simultaneously carry out nitration reaction, so that the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus is enhanced; in an anoxic environment, although microorganisms simultaneously perform phosphorus absorption and phosphorus release effects, because the microorganisms mainly perform denitrification reaction at the moment, nitrate nitrogen concentration is high, electron acceptors are more, the phosphorus absorption and phosphorus release effects are negligible, namely nitrosation reaction is mainly shown in the anoxic environment; in an anaerobic environment, denitrifying bacteria utilize a carbon source to perform denitrification, and simultaneously, part of organic matters are aminated. Therefore, in a simple dissolved oxygen environment, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect cannot be simultaneously completed. Therefore, the invention realizes the difference of the dissolved oxygen content in different areas through the matching action of the interception plate, the aeration device and the filler, so the types and the effects of the biomembrane attached on the filler under aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic environments are different, thereby realizing the synchronous removal effect of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water flow.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which should not be construed as limiting the invention. Various changes and modifications may be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scheme obtained by adopting the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation is within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The solar energy active water oxygenation nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removing device is characterized by comprising a grating (1) and at least two nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removing modules, wherein the grating (1) and the at least two nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removing modules are sequentially arranged in a ditch along a water flow direction, and an adsorbing material is filled in the grating (1); each nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal module comprises an upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (2), a lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (6), a lifting device (3), a counterweight base (8), a first interception plate (71), a second interception plate (72), an aeration device (4) and a solar power supply device (5);
the height and the water level of the upper denitrification and dephosphorization plant cage (2) are level, the upper denitrification and dephosphorization plant cage is fixedly connected with the lower denitrification and dephosphorization plant cage (6) through the lifting device (3), the lower denitrification and dephosphorization plant cage (6) is fixedly connected with the counterweight base (8) through the lifting device (3), and the counterweight base (8) is fixed at the bottom of the ditch; the upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (2) and the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (6) can move up and down through the lifting device (3) to adjust the height; the upper-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (2) and the lower-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (6) are of uncovered box body structures, and a plurality of holes are formed in the box surface below the box body; the upper part in the box body is filled with large-particle plant growth nutrient substrates, the lower part is filled with mixed filler of fine particle filler and coarse particle filler, and the pore diameter of the box body is smaller than the particle size of the internal filling material; emergent aquatic plants are planted at the top of the box body of the upper-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (2), and the roots of the emergent aquatic plants extend into a plant growth nutrient medium and a mixed filler filled in the box body; submerged plants are planted at the top of the box body of the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (6), and the roots of the submerged plants extend into a plant growth nutrient medium and a mixed filler filled in the box body; the aeration device (4) comprises an aerator and an aeration pipeline, the aerator is fixed above the box body of the upper denitrification and dephosphorization plant cage (2), one end of the aeration pipeline extends out of the aerator, and the other end of the aeration pipeline is fixed on the counterweight base (8);
along the water flow direction, the upper end of the first interception plate (71) is fixedly connected with the lower part of the tail part of the upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (2), the lower end of the first interception plate (71) is fixedly connected with the upper part of the tail part of the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (6), and the first interception plate (71) completely intercepts water flow between the lower part of the upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (2) and the upper part of the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (6); the upper end of the second interception plate (72) is fixedly connected with the lower part of the tail part of the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (6), the lower end of the second interception plate (72) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the ditch, and the second interception plate (72) completely intercepts water flow between the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (6) and the bottom of the ditch;
the solar power supply device (5) is fixed on the upper part of the upper denitrification and dephosphorization plant cage (2) box body and is connected with a power consumption device through a waterproof wire for power supply.
2. The solar active water oxygen-increasing nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fine particle filler comprises biochar, activated carbon, steel slag, resin and sponge iron, and the particle size of the filler is 2-4 mm.
3. The solar active water oxygen-increasing nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coarse particle filler comprises volcanic rock, vermiculite, zeolite, medical stone and gravel, and the particle size of the filler is 6-8 mm.
4. The device for removing oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus synchronously for live solar water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adsorption material comprises volcanic rock, zeolite, medical stone, gravel and activated carbon, and the particle size of the material is 2-5 cm.
5. The device for removing oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus in synchronization with live solar water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device for removing oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus in synchronization with live solar water can be arranged in a plurality of ditches along the water flow direction.
6. The device for removing oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus synchronously for live solar water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heights of the first interception plate (71) and the second interception plate (72) in the direction vertical to the water flow are adjustable.
7. The device for synchronously removing oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus in live solar water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the length of the aeration pipeline is not less than the depth of a ditch in which the device for synchronously removing nitrogen and phosphorus is located.
8. The device for removing oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus synchronously by using the solar energy running water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the grating (1) is fixed at the bottom of the canal, the top of the grating is flush with the upper part of the canal, and the width of the grating (1) is consistent with the width of the canal, so that the water flow of the canal can completely flow through the grating (1).
9. The device for removing oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus synchronously for live solar water as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lifting device adopts one or more of a straight arm type, a crank arm type and a scissor type.
10. A method for intercepting and purifying drainage water from a ditch by using the treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
the water flow firstly flows through the grating (1) and the adsorption material filled in the grating, so that suspended matters in the water flow are intercepted, nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the water are adsorbed, meanwhile, the water flow speed is reduced, the hydraulic retention time is prolonged, and the scouring of the water flow on plants and matrixes in a subsequent device is reduced;
the grid (1) intercepts and buffers water flow to a nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal module, in each nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal module, the water flow enters treatment areas of an upper-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (2) and a lower-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (6) through the blocking effect of a first blocking plate (71) and a second blocking plate (72), and the upper-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (2) and the lower-layer nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (6) respectively perform nitrogen and phosphorus removal treatment on the water flow at different depths by adjusting a lifting device (3); the nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removal module is processed through the steps 1) to 3):
1) because the mixed fillers with different particle sizes are filled in the upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (2) and the lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (6), and the pore channels formed between the fillers are prolonged, the hydraulic retention time of water flow between the fillers can be increased, and the removal effect of the fillers on nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the water flow is enhanced;
2) the plants are subjected to photosynthesis and aerobic respiration under the illumination condition, pollutants in the intercepted water are removed through the action of plant root systems, and meanwhile, the plant root systems utilize adsorbed organic matters and nutritive salts as plant growth nutrients, so that the utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus is increased; the aeration and oxygenation effects of the aeration device (4) enable the microenvironment around the plant root system to present aerobic, anoxic and anaerobic areas, increase the diversity of the microorganisms of the root system and improve the nitrogen and phosphorus removal performance;
3) the water body is oxygenated by the scouring action of water flow and the aeration device (4), different biological films are gradually formed on the surfaces of the mixed fillers in different areas, and the nitrification reaction, the aerobic phosphorus absorption action, the nitrosation reaction and the denitrification reaction are carried out by utilizing the biological film action;
in the process of treating ditch drainage by using the solar energy running water oxygenation nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removing device, the aeration quantity of different nitrogen and phosphorus synchronous removing module aeration devices (4) is adjusted according to a target process, so that the dissolved oxygen concentration of water flow entering an upper nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (2) and a lower nitrogen and phosphorus removal plant cage (6) is different, and the difference of the area sizes of an aerobic environment, an anoxic environment and an anaerobic environment is realized;
each electric device is connected with the solar power supply device (5) through a waterproof circuit, and the solar power supply device (5) is used for supplying power.
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