CN111771786A - Blue crab paste crab winter temporary breeding method based on crab pot - Google Patents
Blue crab paste crab winter temporary breeding method based on crab pot Download PDFInfo
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- CN111771786A CN111771786A CN202010458677.5A CN202010458677A CN111771786A CN 111771786 A CN111771786 A CN 111771786A CN 202010458677 A CN202010458677 A CN 202010458677A CN 111771786 A CN111771786 A CN 111771786A
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- 241000238097 Callinectes sapidus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 241000238154 Carcinus maenas Species 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000040710 Chela Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241001672730 Scylla paramamosain Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000238119 Xanthoidea Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000080 chela (arthropods) Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a crab pot-based blue crab paste crab winter temporary rearing method, which is based on the blue crab rearing pond for temporary rearing, wherein a circular ditch is dug at the bottom of the blue crab rearing pond 3-6 meters away from the pond wall and is used as an excrement and bait residue gathering place; the winter temporary rearing method comprises the following steps: s1, selecting green crab cream crabs with healthy appendages and good vitality; s2, binding two chela feet of the green crab cream crab firmly and placing the two chela feet in a crab pot; s3, fastening outlets at two ends of the crab pot, placing the crab pot along the extension direction of the circular ditch, placing a first end of the crab pot at the bottom of the circular ditch, and fixing a second end of the crab pot on a peripheral platform of the blue crab culture pond for temporary culture; when the temperature is reduced in winter, the blue crab cream crabs automatically migrate to the deep part of the circular ditch. The invention utilizes the ring ditch in the original blue crab culture pond and the height difference of the crab pot from the ring ditch to the peripheral platform; when the temperature is reduced, the green crabs in the crab pot automatically migrate to the deep part of the circular ditch, so that cold tide is prevented from freezing injury or freezing death of the green crabs; if the water body is anoxic, the blue crabs climb to the water surface to supplement oxygen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blue crab breeding, and particularly relates to a blue crab cream crab winter temporary breeding method based on a crab pot.
Background
Scylla paramamosain (Scylla paramamosain), commonly called blue crab, is delicious in taste and rich in nutrition, is a famous and precious marine crab culture variety with important economic value in China, and is also a marine culture crab with the largest yield in China. In recent years, the green crab breeding industry in China develops rapidly, the green crab breeding yield is 15.8 million tons, the yield value is as high as 260 hundred million, the green crab breeding method becomes a multi-place agricultural support industry, and great contribution is made to increasing income of farmers.
Under the natural condition, when the water temperature of the blue crabs is reduced to below 15 ℃ in winter, the blue crabs dig holes to live through the winter, so that farmers cannot catch the blue crabs, and local blue crabs cannot supply markets with vigorous demands. Therefore, farmers generally harvest and catch the crabs gradually and come into the market when the water temperature is higher in 10-11 months, but the harvesting time of the blue crabs is too concentrated, so that the selling price is lower, the profit margin of the farmers is seriously compressed, and the phenomena of increasing the yield and not increasing the income are often caused.
By temporarily breeding the blue crabs in winter, avoiding the period of coming into the market in autumn in a large amount, and selling the blue crabs before the spring festival, the problem of low selling price in autumn can be relieved, the economic benefit brought by peak-staggering selling can be increased, and the method has important significance for promoting the income increase of farmers. The temporary culture of the green crab commercial crabs, particularly the paste crabs, has the characteristics of short time and great benefit. However, the temporary blue crab culture method adopted at present generally puts the blue crabs in a cement pool for temporary culture management, and is generally only suitable for temporary culture for about 1 month, the time is long, and the survival rate is reduced even the temporary culture can not be carried out until the spring festival. Other methods such as temporary rearing methods using rearing cages, crab apartments, crab boxes and the like are greatly limited by temporary rearing fields, the rearing area is limited, the temporary rearing cost is high, or the method has the disadvantage of poor resistance to sudden weather changes, and the survival rate is difficult to guarantee. Therefore, how to improve the winter temporary culture method of the green crab cream crabs and improve the temporary culture survival rate, the harvesting efficiency and the economic benefit becomes a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above disadvantages and shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to solve at least one or more of the above problems of the prior art, in other words, to provide a crab pot-based method for temporarily rearing mud crabs during winter season for crab pots, which satisfies one or more of the above requirements.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for temporarily breeding blue crab cream crabs in winter based on crab pots comprises temporarily breeding blue crab breeding ponds, digging a circular ditch at the bottom of the blue crab breeding pond 3-6 meters away from the pond wall, and using the circular ditch as a place for collecting excrement and bait residues; the winter temporary rearing method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting green crab cream crabs with healthy appendages and good vitality;
s2, binding two chela feet of the green crab cream crab firmly and placing the two chela feet in a crab pot;
s3, fastening outlets at two ends of the crab pot, placing the crab pot along the extension direction of the circular ditch, placing a first end of the crab pot at the bottom of the circular ditch, and fixing a second end of the crab pot on a peripheral platform of the blue crab culture pond for temporary culture; when the temperature is reduced in winter, the blue crab cream crabs automatically migrate to the deep part of the circular ditch.
As a preferred scheme, 30-40 blue crab cream crabs are temporarily raised in each crab pot.
As a preferred scheme, the bottom of the cultivation pond is divided into a middle cultivation platform and a peripheral cultivation platform by the annular ditch of the blue crab cultivation pond, the outer side of the peripheral cultivation platform is a pond ridge, and the inner area surrounded by the pond ridge is a blue crab cultivation space.
Preferably, the two sides of the annular groove are slopes with slopes.
Preferably, the slope is 45-90 °.
As the preferred scheme, fixed rods are arranged on the peripheral cultivation platform at intervals of a preset distance and used for fixedly arranging the second ends of the crab pots.
As a preferred scheme, the blue crab culture pond is of a rectangular structure, the length of the blue crab culture pond is 150 meters, the width of the blue crab culture pond is 110 meters and 130 meters, and the water depth is 2.5 to 3.5 meters.
Preferably, the width of the annular groove is 4-6 m, and the depth is 1.5-2 m.
Preferably, after step S2, the winter temporary rearing method further includes:
and S3, raising the water level of the blue crab culture pond to the highest water level before the cold air comes.
Preferably, the temporary culture period is not fed and water is not changed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention utilizes the original annular ditch in the blue crab culture pond, the bottom of the annular ditch is deepest from the water surface, and the influence of the water temperature along with the weather temperature is small; the crab pot shows a gradually rising trend from the circular ditch to the peripheral platform, and the water in different depths have different temperatures; when the temperature is reduced, the green crab cream crabs in the crab pot automatically migrate to the deep part of the circular ditch, so that the green crabs are prevented from being frozen by cold tide or from being frozen; if the water body is anoxic, the blue crab cream can climb to the position close to the water surface by self to supplement oxygen; during recapture, only the crab pot needs to be recovered, so that the crab pot is convenient to capture;
(2) only the chela is bound, the step foot is not bound, thus not only avoiding fighting each other, but also ensuring self-walking, and having high survival rate and low disability rate;
(3) the conventional temporary culture method needs to build a temporary culture pond, needs heating and heat preservation and has high cost; the invention is suitable for all blue crab culture ponds, and the culturists can realize temporary culture in the original blue crab culture pond, thereby having wide audience and great popularization value; compared with hanging culture, one crab pot can temporarily culture 30-40 blue crabs, and if the weather is cold, the blue crabs can automatically climb to the bottom/deepest part of the circular ditch; if the water body is anoxic, the blue crabs can climb to the position near the water surface along the crab pot, and meanwhile, the state of the blue crabs can be observed by farmers conveniently.
(4) The feed is not fed during the temporary culture period, water is not changed, the feed cost is avoided, the cost is low, and the application prospect is wide;
(5) the survival rate of the temporary culture of the green crab cream crabs is high, the survival rate of the sampled green crabs can reach 100 percent after the temporary culture method is used for temporary culture for 30 days, and the survival rate of the green crabs can reach 92.0 to 97.3 percent after the temporary culture is used for 60 days, so that the green crab cream crabs can be listed in the market by staggering peaks, and the economic benefit is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a blue crab culture pond and a fixing rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the crab pot installed in the blue crab culture pond according to the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a plan layout view of the blue crab culture pond according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will explain the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.
The crab pot-based green crab cream crab temporary rearing method in winter is based on the original green crab rearing pond of the green crab cream crab. The temporary rearing method solves the problems that the existing temporary rearing method needs a specific field and additional facilities, blue crabs need to be transported, the manpower input is large, the rearing cost is high, the harvesting efficiency is low and the like, so that the temporary rearing method cannot be popularized in a large scale.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1-3, the blue crab culture pond comprises an outer pond ridge 1 and an inner culture platform, and the culture platform and the pond ridge form a culture space for the blue crab cream crabs.
Wherein, a circular ditch 3 is dug in a position 3-6 meters away from the wall of the green crab culture pond, the circular ditch divides the culture platform at the bottom of the culture pond into a middle culture platform 21 and peripheral culture platforms 22, the outer side of the peripheral culture platforms is a pond ridge 1, and the inner area enclosed by the pond ridges is a green crab culture space.
The two sides of the circular ditch 3 are slopes with slopes, the slopes are 45-90 degrees, and the stability of the circular ditch is facilitated.
The fixing rods 4 are arranged on the surrounding cultivation platform 22 at intervals of a preset distance, and the fixing rods 4 are used for fixedly mounting the crab pots 5. Wherein, the bottom of the crab pot 5 is placed at the bottom of the circular ditch, the top end is fixed on the fixed rod 4 of the peripheral platform of the blue crab culture pond, the length of the crab pot is about 10 meters generally, the crab pot firstly lies a part of the length of the horizontal parallel circular ditch, and then is folded to the bamboo pole fixed on the peripheral platform, thus presenting the trend of gradually rising. When the temperature is reduced, the green crab cream crabs in the crab pot automatically migrate to the deep part of the circular ditch, so that the green crabs are prevented from being frozen by cold tide or from being frozen; if the water body is anoxic, the blue crab cream can automatically climb to a position close to the water surface for culture; when the crab pot is recaptured, only the crab pot needs to be recycled, and the crab pot is convenient to recapture.
The fixing rod 4 is preferably a bamboo rod, but not limited to a bamboo rod, and may be any rod as long as it can fix the left and right.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail by specific examples.
Example 1:
the crab pot-based blue crab paste crab winter temporary rearing method specifically comprises the following steps:
the green crab culture pond is 140m long, 120m wide, 25.2 mu in area, the depth of the culture platform is 1.5m, the width of the circumferential ditch is 6m, the depth is 2m, and the water depth is 3.5 m.
Selecting the crabs with strong appendages and good vitality to bind, wherein only two chela feet of a single crab are firmly bound without binding the step feet;
placing the bound blue crabs into crab pots with the length of 10m, placing 30 blue crabs into each crab pot, fastening outlets at two ends of each crab pot, wherein the placing direction of the crab pots is consistent with the direction of the circular ditch, placing one end of each crab pot at the bottom of the circular ditch of the blue crab culture pond, and fixing the other end of each crab pot on a bamboo pole of a platform outside the circular ditch of the culture pond;
before the cold air comes, the water level of the blue crab culture pond is raised to the highest water level so as to prevent the blue crabs from being frozen due to low temperature during temporary culture;
during temporary culture, no feed is needed and water is not changed.
300 local green crab cream crabs are purchased in 10 cages in 11 months and 22 days, 30 local green crab cream crabs are collected in each cage, 2 cages are sampled after temporary culture is carried out for 30 days, the survival rate of the green crabs is 100 percent, the temporary culture is carried out for about 60 days, the blue crabs are caught in 22 months, 292 local green crab cream crabs survive, and the survival rate is 97.3 percent.
Example 2:
the crab pot-based blue crab paste crab winter temporary rearing method specifically comprises the following steps:
the green crab culture pond is 140m long, 120m wide, 25.2 mu in area, 1m deep, 4m wide in the circumferential ditch, 1.5m deep and 2.5m deep.
Selecting a commercial crab with healthy appendages and good vitality for binding, and only binding 2 chelae feet of a single crab firmly without binding the crabs;
putting the bound blue crabs into crab pots with the length of 10m, putting 40 blue crabs into each crab pot, fastening outlets at two ends of each crab pot, wherein the putting direction of the crab pots is consistent with the direction of a circular ditch, one end of each crab pot is placed at the bottom of the circular ditch of the blue crab culture pond, and the other end of each crab pot is fixed on a bamboo rod of a platform at the outer side of the circular ditch of the culture pond;
before the cold air comes, the water level of the blue crab culture pond is raised to the highest water level so as to prevent the blue crabs from being frozen due to low temperature during temporary culture;
during temporary culture, no feed is needed and water is not changed.
400 local green crab cream crabs are purchased in 10 cages in 24 days in 11 months, 40 crabs are collected in each cage, 2 cages are sampled after temporary culture is carried out for 30 days, the survival rate of the green crabs is 100 percent, the temporary culture is carried out for about 60 days, the crabs are caught in 26 days in 1 month, 368 blue crabs survive, and the survival rate is 92.0 percent.
In the above embodiment and its alternative, the step of raising the water level of the blue crab culture pond to the highest water level before the arrival of the cold air can be omitted, but the survival rate of the blue crabs is affected.
In the above embodiments and their alternatives, the feed can also be administered in small amounts during the temporary rearing period.
In the above embodiment and the alternative, the size of the blue crab culture pond can be arbitrarily designed according to the actual situation between the length of 120-.
In the above embodiment and its alternative, the size of the annular groove can be designed arbitrarily according to the actual situation, and the width is 4-6 meters and the depth is 1.5-2 meters, and the size is not limited to the above size.
In the above embodiment and the alternative scheme thereof, the number of the blue crab cream crabs placed in each crab pot is arbitrarily selected from 30 to 40, and the blue crab cream crabs are placed according to the actual situation.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention and it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art may devise variations of the present invention that are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A crab pot-based blue crab paste crab winter temporary rearing method is characterized in that a blue crab rearing pond is used for temporary rearing, a circular ditch is dug at the bottom of the blue crab rearing pond 3-6 meters away from the pond wall, and the circular ditch is used as an excrement and bait residue gathering place; the winter temporary rearing method comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting green crab cream crabs with healthy appendages and good vitality;
s2, binding two chela feet of the green crab cream crab firmly and placing the two chela feet in a crab pot;
s3, fastening outlets at two ends of the crab pot, placing the crab pot along the extension direction of the circular ditch, placing a first end of the crab pot at the bottom of the circular ditch, and fixing a second end of the crab pot on a peripheral platform of the blue crab culture pond for temporary culture; when the temperature is reduced in winter, the blue crab cream crabs automatically migrate to the deep part of the circular ditch.
2. The crab pot-based green crab cream crab winter temporary rearing method according to claim 1, characterized in that 30-40 green crab cream crabs are temporarily reared per crab pot.
3. The crab pot-based temporary blue crab culture method in winter as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the culture pond is divided into a middle culture platform and a peripheral culture platform by the annular ditch of the blue crab culture pond, the outer side of the peripheral culture platform is a pond ridge, and the inner area enclosed by the pond ridge is a blue crab culture space.
4. The crab pot-based crab pot winter temporary rearing method for blue crabs and cream crabs according to claim 3, wherein the two sides of the circular ditch are slopes with slopes.
5. The crab pot-based crab pot temporary rearing method for the blue crab cream crabs in winter according to claim 4, wherein the gradient is 45 to 90 °.
6. The crab pot-based temporary rearing method for the blue crab cream crabs in winter according to claim 3, wherein the peripheral rearing tables are provided with fixing rods at intervals of a predetermined distance, and the fixing rods are used for fixedly installing the second ends of the crab pots.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the blue crab cultivation pond is rectangular in structure, with a length of 120-150 m, a width of 110-130 m and a water depth of 2.5-3.5 m.
8. The crab pot-based crab pot temporary rearing method for the blue crab cream crabs in winter according to claim 7, wherein the width of the circular groove is 4 to 6 meters, and the depth is 1.5 to 2 meters.
9. The crab pot-based crab pot temporary rearing method for the blue crab cream crabs in winter according to claim 1, wherein after the step S2, the method further comprises:
and S3, raising the water level of the blue crab culture pond to the highest water level before the cold air comes.
10. The crab pot-based crab pot temporary rearing method for the blue crab cream crabs in winter according to claim 1, characterized in that the feeding and water changing are not performed during the temporary rearing.
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| CN202010458677.5A CN111771786A (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Blue crab paste crab winter temporary breeding method based on crab pot |
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| CN202010458677.5A CN111771786A (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Blue crab paste crab winter temporary breeding method based on crab pot |
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