CN111771780A - Temporary culture, packaging and transportation method for fresh and alive sea cucumbers - Google Patents
Temporary culture, packaging and transportation method for fresh and alive sea cucumbers Download PDFInfo
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- CN111771780A CN111771780A CN202010613934.8A CN202010613934A CN111771780A CN 111771780 A CN111771780 A CN 111771780A CN 202010613934 A CN202010613934 A CN 202010613934A CN 111771780 A CN111771780 A CN 111771780A
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- 241000251511 Holothuroidea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004129 EU approved improving agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/30—Culture of aquatic animals of sponges, sea urchins or sea cucumbers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/02—Receptacles specially adapted for transporting live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/065—Heating or cooling devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
- B65B3/00—Packaging plastic material, semiliquids, liquids or mixed solids and liquids, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, or jars
- B65B3/04—Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
- B65D81/18—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents providing specific environment for contents, e.g. temperature above or below ambient
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D81/00—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents
- B65D81/38—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation
- B65D81/3813—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation rigid container being in the form of a box, tray or like container
- B65D81/3816—Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents with thermal insulation rigid container being in the form of a box, tray or like container formed of foam material
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Packging For Living Organisms, Food Or Medicinal Products That Are Sensitive To Environmental Conditiond (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a production and transportation method of fresh and alive sea cucumbers, in particular to a temporary sea cucumber culture, packaging and transportation method. The method comprises the following steps: transporting the fresh and alive sea cucumbers in the original producing area or the basic culture base to a storage pool to be sold, and ensuring the temperature to be 5-18 ℃ in the transportation process; according to the original storage environment of the sea cucumbers, temporary culture capable of maintaining life habits of the sea cucumbers is carried out in a storage pond; determining the volume of the inner packaging bag according to the number and the individual size of the sea cucumbers in the packaging process, determining the moving space according to the size and the number of the monomers, wherein the compression strength of the outer packaging bag is more than 30MPa, and the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part cannot exceed 5 ℃ within 24-48 hours of heat preservation temperature; and the distance between the destinations is far and near, and express air transportation or automobile transportation is adopted. The method is a pure physical mode, simulates living environment of the living body, restores living space of the living body, and can ensure that the living body is fresh and alive in the transportation process of express delivery and the like within the transportation time of 3 to 15 days in the subsequent transportation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a production and transportation technology of fresh and alive sea cucumbers, in particular to a temporary sea cucumber culture, packaging and transportation method.
Background
The existing sea cucumber is made into dried sea cucumber or frozen sea cucumber in the sale process as a commodity, the frozen sea cucumber needs to be subjected to preservative treatment before being frozen, and formalin adopted in the preservative process can permeate into the sea cucumber body and is harmful to human bodies in the eating process; or the sea cucumbers are sold after being salted in a large amount, the salt content is not low, and the price of the sea cucumbers is not people-friendly because the consumers contain the salt equivalent to the sea cucumbers.
Consumers in places other than the production place or the source production place can be luxurious if they want to eat the fresh and alive sea cucumbers; at present, fresh sea cucumbers are sold or the fresh characteristics of the sea cucumbers are ensured in a remote express way, and almost no report is made.
Due to the growth habit of the sea cucumber, the parameter values of the environment and the like required by the survival process of the sea cucumber must be consistent with or very close to the original living environment of the sea cucumber, so that the key point is to ensure the temporary culture of the fresh and alive sea cucumber and the transportation of living bodies.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a technology for temporarily culturing, packaging and transporting fresh and alive sea cucumbers in a seawater-simulated characteristic environment, and the purpose that the transported fresh and alive sea cucumbers can be transported by packaging can be achieved by air delivery.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a temporary culture, packaging and transportation method for fresh and alive sea cucumbers comprises the following steps:
1) temporary culture:
transporting the fresh and alive sea cucumbers in the original producing area or the basic culture base to a storage pool to be sold, ensuring the temperature to be 5-18 ℃ in the transportation process, and keeping out of the sun;
according to the original storage environment of the sea cucumbers, temporary culture capable of maintaining life habits is carried out in a storage pool, the temperature of the suitable living environment of the sea cucumbers is ensured to be 12-22 ℃, water in the storage pool is prepared through drinking water, and the salinity of the water is 1.020kg/m2Ensuring that the dissolved oxygen in water is 5-8 mg/L,The pressure intensity is consistent with the original environment of the sea cucumber in the seawater; 2-3 hours before the sea cucumber is put into a storage pool, adding 10-20 g of beneficial bacteria into 1 cubic meter of water, and temporarily culturing for 2-3 days;
2) packaging:
determining the volume of the inner packaging bag according to the quantity and individual size of the sea cucumbers in the packaging process, wherein the compressive strength of the inner packaging bag is more than 60MPa and more than 3 times, and the water retention is more than 2 times of the volume of the sea cucumber monomer and the seawater pressure in the depth of 40-50 meters;
the compression strength of the outer packing box is more than 30MPa, the heat preservation temperature is within 24-48 hours, and the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part cannot exceed 5 ℃;
3) and (3) transportation:
and determining to adopt air transportation or automobile transportation by express according to the distance of the destination.
Compared with the prior art, the method adopting the technical scheme has the advantages that the living environment is arranged, the redundant substances in the intestines can be discharged after the sea cucumber is replaced by the original seawater environment, the living environment of the living body is simulated, the living space of the living body is restored, and the fresh and alive characteristics of the living body in the transportation process of express delivery and the like can be guaranteed within the transportation time of 3-15 days in the subsequent transportation process.
The water in the storage pool adopts a preparation mode of drinking water and instant sea crystal, the instant sea crystal is slowly added into the storage pool, the salinity is measured while stirring, and when the required measured value is reached, the addition of the instant sea crystal can be stopped.
The suitable living environment of the sea cucumber is ensured to be 12-22 ℃.
According to the distance of transportation, one mode adopts the transportation with a water source environment, and the other mode adopts the transportation without a water source.
When the transportation without a water source is adopted, ice bags are required to be added in the transportation environment according to seasons and air temperature so as to ensure that the environmental temperature is 12-22 ℃.
The temporary culture process requires a pressure consistent with the primary storage environment, and the pressure is controlled by the amount of water or increased by the flow rate of water.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to examples:
example 1:
a temporary culture, packaging and transportation method for fresh and alive sea cucumbers comprises the following steps:
step one, temporary cultivation:
transporting sea cucumbers or fresh and alive sea cucumbers in other basic culture bases in the great-continuing-Changhai county of the origin place to a storage place to be sold, wherein a water-source-free transportation mode can be adopted according to the transportation time or the distance, such as a short distance, within 600 kilometers or about 6 hours of transportation time, for example, the sea cucumbers are put into woven bags, and ice bags are added outside the woven bags; if the water content exceeds 600 meters or the transportation time exceeds 6 hours, the water can be transported to a storage pool of a storage place to be sold together with water source in the environment, and light is required to be protected in the transportation process.
If the external temperature value is high during transportation in summer, an ice bag needs to be added in the transport vehicle to ensure that the sea cucumbers can be always in a proper living environment temperature of about 12-22 ℃ in the transportation process; improving the survival rate in the transportation process.
After the sea cucumbers arrive at a storage place, temporary culture capable of maintaining life habits is carried out according to the original storage environment of the sea cucumbers, the suitable living environment temperature of the sea cucumbers is ensured to be 12-22 ℃, water in a storage pool is usually prepared by drinking water, and the ratio of the drinking water to instant sea crystal (the instant sea crystal is a commercially available product, such as produced by sea water-Jiahai crystal Limited of Changyi city) is carried out in a mode of stirring and testing; or mixing the materials according to the instruction of instant sea crystal to ensure that the salinity of water is 1.020kg/m2(value measured by salinity tester ATC), dissolved oxygen is about 5-8 mg/L, and oxygen pressure is controlled by an oxygen pump and is about 0.4-0.5 MPa of seawater pressure of 40-50 m depth.
The pressure value is usually controlled by adopting a deeper temporary culture pond or controlling the pressure through the flow velocity of water, and the pressure is increased by the generated impact force in the process of faster flow velocity of water, so that the pressure consistent with the original environment of seawater can be obtained through monitoring by an instrument.
2-3 hours before the sea cucumber is put into the storage pool, adding about 10-20 g of beneficial bacteria into 1 cubic meter of water, or feeding the sea cucumber according to the using amount in the instruction book of the commodity, and culturing the sea cucumber in the storage pool for 2 days; the beneficial bacteria are commercially available: water quality improving agents, for example: the strong effect exciting produced by Shandong Chenfeng company (product execution standard: Q/370703SSCF 014-2019).
In the temporary cultivation process, temporary cultivation is carried out in a light-proof workshop or a pool body of a factory building.
And a second step, packaging:
the volume of the inner packaging bag is determined according to the quantity and the individual size of the sea cucumbers, the quantity of water and monomers in the storage pond is sealed into the inner packaging bag, the compressive strength of the inner packaging bag is more than 60MPa, the dissolved oxygen of the inner packaging bag is ensured to be 5-8 mg/L, the activity space is determined according to the size and the quantity of the monomers and is more than 5 times of the monomers, the water retention in the inner packaging bag is more than 4 times of the monomer volume of the sea cucumbers and 0.4-0.5 MPa of the seawater pressure value of 40-50 m, the inner packaging bag is hermetically packaged by adopting a transparent PVC material for food, and the standard can be reached.
The external package is packaged by a high-strength foam box, the compression strength of the external package is guaranteed to be more than 30MPa, and the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part cannot exceed 5 ℃ within 24-36 hours of heat preservation temperature.
If the express delivery is transported in summer, a proper amount of ice bags can be added into the outer packaging box, so that the temperature in the express delivery transportation process is not too high.
And step three, transportation:
according to the distance between destinations, adopting express air transportation or automobile transportation; for example, the distance is more than 1000 km, air transportation can be adopted to the client, and if the distance is less than 1000 km, a car transportation mode can be adopted.
According to the method, the redundant substances in the intestines can be discharged after the sea cucumber is replaced by the original seawater environment, the method is a pure physical mode, the living environment of the living body is simulated, the living space of the living body is restored, and the fresh and alive characteristics of the living body in the transportation process of express delivery and the like can be guaranteed within the transportation time of 3-15 days in the subsequent transportation process.
Claims (5)
1. A temporary culture, packaging and transportation method of fresh and alive sea cucumbers is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) temporary culture:
transporting the fresh and alive sea cucumbers in the original producing area or the basic culture base to a storage pool to be sold, ensuring the temperature to be 5-18 ℃ in the transportation process, and keeping out of the sun;
according to the original storage environment of the sea cucumbers, temporary culture capable of maintaining life habits is carried out in a storage pool, the temperature of the suitable living environment of the sea cucumbers is ensured to be 12-22 ℃, water in the storage pool is prepared through drinking water, and the salinity of the water is 1.020kg/m2Ensuring that the dissolved oxygen in water is 5-8 mg/L and the pressure is consistent with the original environment of the sea cucumbers in the seawater, adding 10-20 g of beneficial bacteria into 1 cubic meter of water for 2-3 days before the sea cucumbers are put into a storage pond for 2-3 hours;
2) packaging:
determining the volume of the inner packaging bag according to the quantity and the individual size of the sea cucumbers in the packaging process, wherein the compressive strength of the inner packaging bag is more than 60MPa, the dissolved oxygen of the inner packaging bag is 5-8 mg/L, the activity space is determined according to the size and the quantity of the monomers, the activity space is more than 3 times of the monomers, and the water content is more than 2 times of the volume of the sea cucumbers and the seawater pressure in the depth of 40-50 meters;
the compression strength of the outer packing box is more than 30MPa, the heat preservation temperature is within 24-48 hours, and the temperature difference between the upper part and the lower part cannot exceed 5 ℃;
3) and (3) transportation:
and determining to adopt air transportation or automobile transportation by express according to the distance of the destination.
2. The method for temporarily culturing, packaging and transporting fresh and alive sea cucumbers according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the water in the storage pool adopts a preparation mode of drinking water and instant sea crystal, the instant sea crystal is slowly added into the storage pool, the salinity is measured while stirring, and when the required measured value is reached, the addition of the instant sea crystal can be stopped.
3. The method for temporarily culturing, packaging and transporting fresh and alive sea cucumbers according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: according to the distance of transportation, one mode adopts the transportation with a water source environment, and the other mode adopts the transportation without a water source.
4. The technique for temporarily culturing, packaging and transporting fresh and alive sea cucumbers according to claim 4, wherein the technique comprises the following steps: when the transportation without a water source is adopted, ice bags are required to be added in the transportation environment according to seasons and air temperature so as to ensure that the environmental temperature is 12-22 ℃.
5. The method for temporarily culturing, packaging and transporting fresh and alive sea cucumbers according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the temporary culture process requires a pressure consistent with the primary storage environment, and the pressure is controlled by the amount of water or increased by the flow rate of water.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN202010613934.8A CN111771780A (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Temporary culture, packaging and transportation method for fresh and alive sea cucumbers |
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CN202010613934.8A CN111771780A (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Temporary culture, packaging and transportation method for fresh and alive sea cucumbers |
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CN202010613934.8A Withdrawn CN111771780A (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Temporary culture, packaging and transportation method for fresh and alive sea cucumbers |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112772521A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 苏州波仕顿水产养殖设备有限公司 | Artificial intelligent interconnected seafood pool operation system for aquaculture equipment |
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CN101168397A (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-04-30 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Transporting method for pomfret parr |
CN102100203A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-06-22 | 陈水春 | Method for alive preservation and transportation of sea cucumber |
KR101166697B1 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-27 | 대한민국 | Method for transporting sea-cucumber without water |
CN103027003A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-04-10 | 大连棒棰岛海参发展有限公司 | Container and transport method for transporting fresh and alive stichopus japonicus |
CN105850811A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-08-17 | 纪生机 | Packaging method for transportation of live aquatic products |
CN109329130A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-15 | 宁德市鼎诚水产有限公司 | A kind of keepalive method of Wild Rhubarb fish |
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2020
- 2020-06-30 CN CN202010613934.8A patent/CN111771780A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN101168397A (en) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-04-30 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Transporting method for pomfret parr |
CN102100203A (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2011-06-22 | 陈水春 | Method for alive preservation and transportation of sea cucumber |
KR101166697B1 (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-27 | 대한민국 | Method for transporting sea-cucumber without water |
CN103027003A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-04-10 | 大连棒棰岛海参发展有限公司 | Container and transport method for transporting fresh and alive stichopus japonicus |
CN105850811A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-08-17 | 纪生机 | Packaging method for transportation of live aquatic products |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112772521A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 苏州波仕顿水产养殖设备有限公司 | Artificial intelligent interconnected seafood pool operation system for aquaculture equipment |
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