CN111763575A - Detergent composition not resistant to calcium and magnesium ions - Google Patents

Detergent composition not resistant to calcium and magnesium ions Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111763575A
CN111763575A CN202010567063.0A CN202010567063A CN111763575A CN 111763575 A CN111763575 A CN 111763575A CN 202010567063 A CN202010567063 A CN 202010567063A CN 111763575 A CN111763575 A CN 111763575A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
detergent composition
sulfonate
sodium
calcium
anionic surfactant
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Pending
Application number
CN202010567063.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
袁军
程健
贾丽慧
张富青
汪铁林
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wuhan Aisifate New Material Co ltd
Wuhan Institute of Technology
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Wuhan Aisifate New Material Co ltd
Wuhan Institute of Technology
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Priority to CN202010567063.0A priority Critical patent/CN111763575A/en
Publication of CN111763575A publication Critical patent/CN111763575A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/37Mixtures of compounds all of which are anionic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D10/00Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
    • C11D10/04Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
    • C11D10/042Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap based on anionic surface-active compounds and soap
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/046Salts
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/06Phosphates, including polyphosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/10Carbonates ; Bicarbonates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2075Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C11D3/2079Monocarboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/22Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
    • C11D3/222Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
    • C11D3/225Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin etherified, e.g. CMC
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/37Polymers
    • C11D3/3746Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C11D3/3757(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions
    • C11D3/3765(Co)polymerised carboxylic acids, -anhydrides, -esters in solid and liquid compositions in liquid compositions
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/14Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/14Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
    • C11D1/146Sulfuric acid esters
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/22Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aromatic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/02Anionic compounds
    • C11D1/12Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
    • C11D1/29Sulfates of polyoxyalkylene ethers

Abstract

The invention discloses a detergent composition which is not resistant to calcium and magnesium ions. The detergent composition which is not resistant to calcium and magnesium ions comprises, by mass, 20-98% of water, 2-80% of an anionic surfactant and 0-40% of an auxiliary agent, wherein anions in molecular structures of the anionic surfactant and the auxiliary agent can react with calcium or magnesium ions to form precipitates, and cations are univalent cations. The non-water components in the detergent composition in the solution containing calcium or magnesium ions can form precipitates and separate out, the washed oily dirt can also separate out, the COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the washing wastewater is reduced by more than 95%, the separated water can directly reach the discharge standard, the water pollution is not generated, the water treatment cost is greatly reduced, and the detergent composition can be widely applied to the fields of food safety, industrial washing, household washing and the like.

Description

Detergent composition not resistant to calcium and magnesium ions
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of washing products and application thereof, in particular to a detergent composition which is not resistant to calcium and magnesium ions.
Background
The detergent is a product formulated for the purpose of removing dirt, and is composed of a surface active component and an auxiliary component. The active component is surfactant, and the auxiliary components are integration agent, thickening agent, cosolvent, whitening agent, buffering agent (pH regulator), antioxidant, enzyme preparation, bactericidal preservative, essence, builder, etc. and their functions are to strengthen and raise various functions of detergent.
The detergent products are in various types, and can be basically classified into soaps, synthetic detergents, liquid detergents, solid detergents and paste detergents. The detergent has wide application, such as detergents for hotels, hospitals, hotels, laundries and the like, and also comprises detergents for public facilities, detergents for textile industry, detergents for leather, detergents for food industry, detergents for vehicles, detergents for metals, detergents for optical glass, detergents for plastic rubber and the like.
Most of the existing formula designs of the detergent use calcium and magnesium ion resistant surfactants, such as nonionic surfactants. Even though some biodegradable surfactants are used, such as betaines, glycosides. The sewage generated by using the product is extremely difficult to treat, and the COD is very high. In the actual use process of the detergent, a large amount of sewage is often generated, the composition of pollutants in the sewage not only comprises dirt after washing, but also the detergent becomes a part of pollution, and serious harm is caused to an environmental ecosystem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a detergent composition which is not resistant to calcium and magnesium ions. The non-water components in the detergent composition in the solution containing calcium or magnesium ions can form precipitates and separate out, the washed oily dirt can also separate out, the cod of the washing wastewater is reduced by more than 95%, the separated water can directly reach the discharge standard, no water pollution is generated, and the water treatment cost is greatly reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the detergent composition which is not resistant to calcium and magnesium ions is provided, and comprises 20-98% of water, 2-80% of anionic surfactant and 0-40% of auxiliary agent in percentage by mass, wherein anions in molecular structures of the anionic surfactant and the auxiliary agent can react with calcium or magnesium ions to form precipitates, and cations are univalent cations.
According to the scheme, the detergent composition comprises, by mass, 50-80% of water, 10-30% of an anionic surfactant and 5-20% of an auxiliary agent.
According to the scheme, the anionic surfactant is at least one of C11-C18 fatty acid salt, alkyl sulfate, aliphatic sulfonate, sulfoaryl sulfonate, sulfonaphthalene sulfonate, alkyl polyoxyethylene sulfate, phosphate anionic surfactant, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene sulfonate, dioctyl succinate sulfonate, secondary alkyl sulfonate or ethoxylated fatty acid methyl ester sulfonate, wherein:
the general formula of the alkyl sulfate is RnSO4M,n=1~30;
The aliphatic sulfonic acid compound and sulfoarylThe general molecular structure formula of the sulfonic acid compound and the sulfonic naphthalene sulfonic acid compound is ROSO3 -M+Wherein the higher alcohol hydrocarbon chain R is between C12 and C18;
the cation in the molecular structure of the anionic surfactant is sodium ion or potassium ion.
According to the scheme, the anionic surfactant is at least one of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate, secondary alkyl sodium sulfonate, sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate and sodium fatty acid.
According to the scheme, the auxiliary agent is at least one of sulfate, carbonate, hexametaphosphate, pyrophosphate, tripolyphosphate, bicarbonate, dihydric phosphate, borate, silicate, tripolyphosphate, carboxymethyl cellulose salt, polyacrylate or benzoate, wherein the auxiliary agent is sodium salt or potassium salt.
According to the scheme, soluble magnesium salt or calcium salt is added into sewage after the washing of the detergent composition is finished, so that pollutants dispersed in the sewage can be separated out, wherein the pollutants are non-water components in the detergent composition and oily dirt washed from an object to be cleaned.
According to the scheme, the mass concentration of the soluble magnesium salt or calcium salt in the sewage is 0.1-10%.
According to the scheme, the water in the detergent composition is tap water, purified water or deionized water.
The invention discloses a detergent composition which is not resistant to calcium and magnesium ions, which embodies the following scientific and technical principles: the detergent composition removes dirt from the surface of an object by utilizing the hydrophilic-lipophilic ability of the surfactant. The cleaning process is a process of dispersing and emulsifying pollutants on the surface of an object into water by using a surfactant under the conditions of stirring and a certain temperature. The contaminant components in the water after washing consist of the detergent composition and contaminants on the surface of the object. As all the non-water components of the detergent composition disclosed by the invention can form precipitate in the calcium-magnesium ion solution, the detergent composition can form solid precipitate by adding the water-soluble calcium-magnesium salt into the waste water generated by using the detergent composition disclosed by the invention, pollutants dispersed in the waste water are separated out, and the water after simple precipitation separation can reach the standard and be discharged or reused.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the components of the detergent composition provided by the invention are not resistant to calcium and magnesium ions, a small amount of soluble magnesium salt or calcium salt is added into sewage generated by using the detergent composition, so that non-water components in the detergent composition and oily dirt washed by the detergent composition can be separated out from the water at the same time, COD (chemical oxygen demand) can be reduced by over 95 percent, the separated and precipitated water can directly reach the discharge standard, water pollution is not generated, and the water treatment cost is greatly reduced.
2. The detergent composition provided by the invention has a wide application range, can completely eliminate detergent residues when being applied to the washing process of tableware and vegetables, and greatly reduces the problem of food safety; the method is applied to the steel oil removing process, and can realize zero emission in the oil removing and cleaning process; the washing water can be repeatedly used when the washing machine is applied to the industries of washing clothes and vehicles; the method is applied to daily washing products, such as shampoo and the like, and the subsequent treatment of the generated domestic sewage is very simple. A
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples in order to make those skilled in the art fully understand the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
Example 1
The formulation ratios of the detergent compositions in this example are as follows:
Figure BDA0002547989470000031
adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose into deionized water, heating, stirring, dissolving completely, adding sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium sulfate and sodium benzoate, dissolving, and mixing.
Example 2
The formulation ratios of the detergent compositions in this example were as follows:
Figure BDA0002547989470000032
adding sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfonate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose into tap water, heating, stirring, adding sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium carbonate and sodium benzoate after completely dissolving, and dissolving and mixing uniformly.
Example 3
The formulation ratios of the detergent compositions in this example were as follows:
Figure BDA0002547989470000041
adding sodium secondary alkyl sulfonate, sodium dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, sodium fatty acid and sodium polyacrylate into purified water, heating, stirring, dissolving completely, adding sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium carbonate and sodium benzoate, dissolving, and mixing.
Example 4 (cleaning test)
Mechanical oil was applied to 100 x 100 steel sheets. 1000ml of cleaning solution was prepared from 10g of the detergent composition of example 1, and the steel sheet was put into the cleaning solution and cleaned. And taking the water sample A after cleaning to be detected. And adding 4g of calcium chloride into the residual cleaned water, stirring, standing for 30min, and taking the lower layer clear liquid B for detection. The COD of the washing water A is 21000mg/L and the COD of the lower clear liquid B is 180 mg/L. The COD removal rate was 99.14%.
Example 5 (cleaning test)
Edible oil is smeared on a porcelain bowl. 1000ml of cleaning solution is prepared by taking 10g of the detergent composition in the example 2, and the porcelain bowl is put into the cleaning solution to be cleaned. And taking the water sample A after cleaning to be detected. Adding 3.5g of magnesium chloride into the residual cleaned water, stirring, standing for 30min, and taking the lower layer clear liquid B for detection. The COD of the washing water A was detected to be 24000mg/L, and the COD of the lower clear liquid B was detected to be 230 mg/L. The COD removal rate was 99.04%.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The detergent composition which is not resistant to calcium and magnesium ions is characterized by comprising 20-98% of water, 2-80% of anionic surfactant and 0-40% of auxiliary agent by mass percent, wherein anions in molecular structures of the anionic surfactant and the auxiliary agent can react with calcium or magnesium ions to form precipitates, and cations are univalent cations.
2. The detergent composition according to claim 1, wherein the detergent composition comprises 50-80% by mass of water, 10-30% by mass of an anionic surfactant and 5-20% by mass of an auxiliary agent.
3. The detergent composition according to claim 1, wherein the anionic surfactant is at least one of a fatty acid salt of C11-C18, an alkyl sulfate, a fatty sulfonate, a sulfoaryl sulfonate, a sulfonaphthalene sulfonate, an alkyl polyoxyethylene sulfate, a phosphate ester type anionic surfactant, an alkylphenol polyoxyethylene sulfonate, dioctyl sulfosuccinate, a secondary alkyl sulfonate, or a sulfonate of an ethoxylated fatty acid methyl ester, wherein:
the general formula of the alkyl sulfate is RnSO4M,n=1~30;
Said fatThe general molecular structure of the group sulfonates, sulfoaryl sulfonates and sulfonaphthalene sulfonates is ROSO3 -M+Wherein the higher alcohol hydrocarbon chain R is between C12 and C18;
the cation in the molecular structure of the anionic surfactant is sodium ion or potassium ion.
4. The detergent composition according to claim 3, wherein the anionic surfactant is at least one of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium alkylphenol ethoxylate sulfonate, secondary sodium alkyl sulfonate, sodium dodecylpolyoxyethylene ether sulfate, and sodium fatty acid.
5. A detergent composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein said builder is at least one of a sulphate, carbonate, hexametaphosphate, pyrophosphate, tripolyphosphate, bicarbonate, dihydrogen phosphate, borate, silicate, tripolyphosphate, carboxymethyl cellulose salt, polyacrylate or benzoate, wherein said builder is a sodium or potassium salt.
6. The detergent composition according to claim 1, wherein a soluble magnesium salt or calcium salt is added to the waste water after completion of washing with the detergent composition to precipitate contaminants dispersed in the waste water, the contaminants being non-aqueous components of the detergent composition and oily dirt washed from the object to be cleaned.
7. The detergent composition according to claim 6, wherein the mass concentration of the soluble magnesium salt or calcium salt in the wastewater is 0.1-10%.
CN202010567063.0A 2020-06-19 2020-06-19 Detergent composition not resistant to calcium and magnesium ions Pending CN111763575A (en)

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CN107881016A (en) * 2016-09-30 2018-04-06 天长市地震办公室 The low bubble kitchen cleaning agent of highly effective and safe
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Application publication date: 20201013