CN111749244A - Construction device and construction method for safe construction of underground structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction device and a construction method for safe construction of an underground structure. The construction device includes a foundation pit support assembly, the foundation pit support assembly includes a plurality of support plates, and the support plates include A plurality of enclosure plates and a plurality of earth retaining plates; the enclosure plates are hollow plate-like structures; the enclosure plates include an outer plate for connecting with the foundation pit and an inner plate close to the center of the foundation pit, the outer plate A plurality of communication holes are opened on the upper part; a drainage port is opened on the inner side plate; a grouting pipe is arranged in the gap between any two adjacent soil retaining plates, and the outlet end of the grouting hole faces the grouting pipe The side away from the hoarding. The construction method is based on the construction device. By using the device and method provided by this scheme, not only can the construction safety be facilitated by providing support for the foundation pit construction, but at the same time, after the foundation pit construction is completed, it can partially or fully fill the soil layer at the edge of the foundation pit caused by the foundation pit construction. The cavity is conducive to the stability of the formation around the foundation pit.

Description

Construction device and construction method for safe construction of underground structure

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering construction, in particular to a construction device and a construction method for the safe construction of underground structures.

Background technique

The foundation pit generally refers to the soil pit excavated at the base design position of the building according to the base elevation of the building and the size of the base plane. For foundation pit construction, the foundation pit support device is used as a temporary structure and a safety protection structure to prevent collapse during the construction of the foundation pit. At the same time, during the excavation and construction of the foundation pit, the problem of precipitation of the foundation pit needs to be considered.

Sand pebble geology is generally loose and water-rich. In the construction of foundation pits with water-rich sand and pebble strata close to important buildings, special attention should be paid to the impact of stratum precipitation on the surrounding environment. Therefore, in the existing construction, for the deep foundation pit in the sand egg stratum (excavation depth is more than 5 meters (including 5 meters), or the depth is not more than 5 meters, but the geological conditions and surrounding environment and underground pipelines are particularly complex foundation pit engineering. ) There are a series of problems in the construction process, such as difficult construction and great impact on the surrounding environment.

In the prior art, the commonly used support methods in soft soil areas include drilled occlusal piles and underground diaphragm walls. It is of great significance to the construction of underground buildings to carry out research on the optimization of precipitation and risk control of deep foundation pits in water-rich sand egg strata.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above-mentioned technical problem of great significance for underground building construction by carrying out research on dewatering optimization and risk control of deep foundation pits in water-rich sand egg strata, the present invention provides a construction device and a construction method for safe construction of underground structures. By using the device and method provided by this scheme, not only can the construction safety be facilitated by providing support for the foundation pit construction, but at the same time, after the foundation pit construction is completed, it is possible to partially or fully fill the soil layer at the edge of the foundation pit caused by the foundation pit construction. The cavity is conducive to the stability of the formation around the foundation pit.

The construction device and construction method for the safe construction of the underground structure provided by the present invention solve the problem through the following technical points. The construction device for the safe construction of the underground structure includes a foundation pit support assembly, and the foundation pit support assembly includes multiple a supporting plate arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction of the foundation pit, the supporting plate includes a plurality of surrounding plates and a plurality of retaining plates;

The earth retaining plates are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the foundation pit, a surrounding plate is arranged between any two adjacent earth retaining plates, and the outer side of each surrounding plate is extruded on the inner side of the corresponding two earth retaining plates ;

The enclosure plate is a hollow plate-like structure;

The enclosure plate includes an outer plate for connecting with the foundation pit and an inner plate close to the center of the foundation pit, the outer plate is provided with a plurality of communication holes penetrating the inner and outer sides of the outer plate; the inner plate is provided with Through the inner and outer drains of the inner panel;

A vertically arranged grouting pipe is arranged in the gap between any two adjacent earth retaining plates, and a plurality of grouting holes arranged along the axis of the grouting pipe are arranged on the grouting pipe. The outlet end of the grout hole faces the side of the grout pipe away from the coaming plate.

This scheme is aimed at the problems of difficult construction and easy to have a great impact on the surrounding environment during the construction of the foundation pit in the sand egg stratum, especially in the construction of the deep foundation pit. It is extremely prone to collapse, and the above solutions are provided. In the specific application of this scheme, the following operation methods are used to achieve the purpose of providing safety protection support for the construction of several structures, providing foundation pit dewatering conditions and improving the stability of the bottom layer around the foundation pit after the foundation pit construction:

S1. Complete the installation of the enclosure plate, the retaining plate and the grouting pipe on the edge of the foundation pit, and use the device to provide support for the wall of the foundation pit. In this step, the enclosure plate and the earth retaining plate are both As the retaining wall on the support, it can be attached to the inner wall of the foundation pit to achieve the purpose of avoiding collapse accidents when excavating the foundation pit. Both ends of the soil slab are supported on the coaming plate at the corresponding position, so a support frame is used to provide support and restraint for the coaming plate in the radial direction of the foundation pit.

S2. During the construction of the foundation pit, use the connecting holes and the drainage port on the hoarding to realize the dewatering of the foundation pit. In this step, for example, in the construction of the underground structure, the sand egg geology is not convenient for setting well point precipitation. As part of the retaining wall, there are communicating holes and drainage ports on the hoarding to realize the dewatering of the foundation pit. In the specific structural design, the hoarding is set as a hollow structure, in order to consider that the communicating holes are actually the water inlet on the hoarding. The water outlet is actually the water outlet on the hoarding, and the design of the above inlet holes should actually be considered to be set as many as possible and cover the area as large as possible, so that the problem from the formation can be solved to a certain extent. The water body is introduced into the hoarding plate from a local part of the hoarding plate, which causes the problem that large-area holes are formed in the stratum due to the scouring of the water body. The water comes from the enclosure plate, so in the specific application, the communication hole is set to cover the entire surface of the outer plate.

S3. After the foundation pit construction is completed, the grouting pipe is used to inject grouting material to the outside of the grouting pipe, and during the solidification process of the grouting material, the coaming plate is used as a template for supporting the grouting pipe. This scheme is adopted for the foundation pit. Precipitation inevitably forms a cavity on the wall of the foundation pit. Using the grouting pipe, the pressurized grouting material can fill the cavity. By increasing the density of the wall of the foundation pit, the stability of the stratum around the foundation pit can be achieved. .

In the specific application of this scheme, the hoarding plate can be spliced by multiple plates. For example, according to the internal design, for the scheme without filter screen, 6 flat plates can be used for welding. The scheme is set as one of the plates is bolted to the connecting plate, etc.

Further technical solutions are:

In order to use this device to form all the protection for the wall of the foundation pit, it is set as follows: the enclosure plate and the retaining plate form a cylindrical structure, and there are vertically arranged between each enclosure plate and the earth retaining plate in contact with it. sealing strip. With this solution, using the sealing strip, the circulation path of the foundation pit precipitation is limited to passing through the hoarding plate, so that, for example, in the well point precipitation and the control of the flow rate of the well point precipitation, it is convenient for those skilled in the art to obtain a balance point: that is, satisfying Precipitation needs, but also meet the consideration of the safety of the surrounding ground floor, such as by controlling the water flow of the drainage outlet to achieve the above purpose.

In order to facilitate the collection of water from the coaming plate and to realize the above balance point control, it is set as follows: the inner side of the bottom of each coaming plate is provided with a water tank fixed on the inner side plate, and the outlet end of the water outlet is located in the water tank;

The fluid conduction capacity of the drain outlet on each coaming plate can be adjusted.

As a specific solution for the adjustable fluid conduction capacity of the drainage outlet, it is set as follows: the number of drainage outlets on each coaming plate is multiple, and the blocking state of some or all of the drainage outlets on each coaming plate can be adjusted. . In this scheme, a plurality of drainage ports are used to form the water outlet flow adjustment of the coaming plate, and the specific adjustment method adopts the method of blocking part of the drainage ports. In the specific application, if the drainage of the foundation pit does not meet the safety requirements, the state of all the drainage outlets as above can be adopted.

As mentioned above, in the specific implementation of this scheme, in order to realize the multi-gradient adjustable drainage flow of the coaming plate through the drainage outlet, it is preferable to set the number of drainage outlets as much as possible. Water capacity, avoid concentrated water diversion leading to oversized local holes in the foundation pit and expand the influence of foundation pit excavation on the bottom layer. It also includes a filter screen arranged in the hollow space of each enclosure plate, in the thickness direction of the enclosure plate, the filter screen divides the hollow space into an outer cavity and an inner cavity, and the outer cavity is a cavity between the filter screen and the outer plate, the inner cavity is the cavity between the filter screen and the inner plate;

It also includes a mud discharge port connected to the bottom side of the coaming plate, and the inlet end is connected with the inner cavity;

It also includes a water injection port connected to the enclosure, and the outlet end is connected to the inner cavity;

Both the mud discharge port and the water injection port are provided with cut-off devices for controlling their respective on-off states. In this solution, the filter screen is used as the filter element between the communication hole and the drain port to avoid blockage of the drain port due to the introduction of sand, mud, etc. into the enclosure in a short time due to the large number of communication holes; The mud discharge port and the water injection port are designed to realize: regularly or when necessary, inject cleaning water through the water injection port to clean the outer cavity, and then discharge from the mud discharge port; it is arranged to further include a cut-off device, which aims to realize The mud discharge port is cut off when it is not necessary, and the fluid is only concentrated in the water tank and pumped out by the general pump body; the positions of the above mud discharge port and water injection port are limited, and the purpose is to cover the entire filter screen with the above cleaning water as much as possible. The above cut-off device is not only designed to achieve the above purpose of limiting the flow, but also can be used as a temporary storage space for sand and mud entering the coaming plate through the outer cavity. The influence of precipitation flow on formation safety at this time.

As a technical solution to solve the blockage of the communication holes by introducing pressure gas into the hollow space of the enclosure under the condition of closing the drains and shutting off the cut-off device, it is set as follows: each drain is matched with a plug, It also includes a communication pipe connected to the enclosure plate, and the outlet end communicates with the hollow space.

As a technical solution to facilitate cleaning and maintenance during the installation and use of the filter screen: the connection between the filter screen and the enclosure is achieved in the following manner: the connection between the filter screen and the enclosure is achieved in the following manner: the remaining four of the enclosure are connected. Each surface is the upper end surface, the lower end surface, the left end surface and the right end surface, and any one of the remaining four surfaces is bolted to the hoarding plate;

Two chutes in a facing relationship are provided on the wall surface of the hollow space of the enclosure plate, and the filter screen is clamped in the hollow space through the chutes;

The starting end of the chute is opposite to the surface of the shroud that is bolted to. With this solution, the removal or installation of the filter screen can be completed by pulling and inserting operations after the bolts are disconnected from the surface of the enclosure.

It also includes a support plate arranged in the inner cavity, and the filter screen is supported on the support plate as the surface of the inner cavity boundary.

As a technical solution to facilitate the confinement of the enclosure plate at the edge of the foundation pit, it is provided as follows: a support frame for supporting the enclosure plate is further included, the support frame includes a vertical pole and a plurality of horizontal bars arranged along the axis direction of the vertical pole. The horizontal bar is used as a support between the vertical bar and the inner side of each enclosure, and the length of the horizontal bar is adjustable; as a specific solution for the adjustable length of the horizontal bar and easy adjustment, the horizontal bar includes A threaded barrel and a threaded rod are connected in series, the threaded barrel and the threaded rod are threadedly connected and coaxial, the threaded barrel is connected with the vertical rod, and a backing plate is provided between the end of the threaded rod and the inner side of the enclosure;

The backing plate includes: a first plate body that is a steel plate, a second plate body that is a plastic plate or a graphite plate, and a third plate body that is a steel plate, the first plate body is fixedly connected with the threaded rod, the second plate body is The plate body is clamped between the first plate body and the third plate body, and the outer side of the bottom plate body is in contact with the inner side of the enclosure plate. between the wear-reducing plates, so as to realize the relative rotation of the first plate body and the third plate body;

As a method of balancing the force on both sides of the pole, it is convenient to stabilize the position of the pole in the space, so that the support frame is a split structure, which is convenient for the position transfer and storage of the support frame, so that the position of the cross bar can be easily adjusted according to the specific support needs. The technical scheme is set as follows: it also includes a sleeve sleeved on the vertical rod and capable of sliding along the axis of the vertical rod, two cross bars are fixed on each sleeve, and the cross bars on each sleeve are opposite to The axis of the sleeve is line-symmetric;

The number of the coaming plates is an even number, and the coaming plates are evenly distributed relative to the axis of the vertical rod.

Also included is a locking device for achieving positional locking of the sleeve on the axis of the crossbar. In the above specific structural design, it is set as follows: the number of enclosures is an even number and the rings are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the vertical rod. For the force on the vertical rod, since the thrust directions from different side cross rods are opposite, the The assembly composed of the sleeve and the cross rod can effectively optimize the force of the vertical rod and improve the stability of the support frame.

It is set so that the sleeve can slide along the axis of the vertical pole. For example, a detachable lifting ring is arranged on the upper end of the vertical pole. For the setting of the support frame and the assembly of the device, the following operations are convenient. In the case of economical, reasonable and easy operation Next, get a safe and reliable construction plan:

D1. Complete the sleeves of all the sleeves on the poles, and the sleeves are stacked on the bottom of the poles;

Complete the installation of the hoarding plate on the side of the support frame, and make the hoarding plate abut the inner side of the retaining plate;

Complete the installation of the lifting ring on the top of the pole;

D2. Adjust the length of the crossbars on both sides of the lowermost sleeve, so that both ends of the crossbar form a support relationship with the corresponding side wall. Using the above support relationship, the position of the vertical bar in space can be restricted and the strength of the vertical bar can be maintained state;

D3. Use the hoisting tool hung on the hoisting ring to hoist the crossbar on the upper sleeve of the lowermost sleeve in turn, so that the corresponding sleeve moves to the required vertical rod axis position with the crossbar on it;

The specific lifting is as follows: the uppermost sleeve is the first to be lifted and the position of the axis is determined. After adjusting the length of the crossbar to constrain the corresponding side wall, the corresponding locking device is used to complete the one that is fixed on the vertical rod, and then, In terms of the arrangement sequence of the sleeves, the position adjustment of each sleeve on the vertical rod, the adjustment of the length of the cross rod to constrain the enclosure plate and the fixed position on the vertical rod are completed sequentially from top to bottom.

The lifting ring is detachable, so that the vertical rod can be erected at the installation position first in the form of a polished rod, and then the sleeves are set up by the upper end of the vertical rod, and then the lifting ring is installed to provide each sleeve with The hanging point at the top of the pole.

In the specific structure limitation and operation mode, the use of the horizontal bar on the lowermost sleeve can realize the use of the enclosure plate to form an anti-fall constraint for the support state of the vertical bar. In this way, when the subsequent sleeve is hoisted, the vertical The rod is in a relatively stable state until all sleeve position adjustments are completed, such as the use of chain hoists and electric hoists to complete the lifting of the combination of the sleeve and the cross bar, to achieve the anti-fall restraint of the vertical pole and complete the subsequent hoisting. Easy to operate and economical. For the fixed position of the sleeve, the number of bolt holes corresponding to the number of sleeves can be set in the axial direction of the vertical rod. According to the installation requirements of the specific sleeve, the corresponding position of the bolt hole can be selected, so that the sleeve and the vertical rod form a pin connection relationship to achieve a fixed purpose.

This solution also provides a specific construction method, the method is based on the device described in any one of the above, and the method is realized by the following steps:

S1. Complete the installation of the enclosure plate, the earth retaining plate and the grouting pipe on the edge of the foundation pit, and use the device to provide support for the wall of the foundation pit;

S2. During the construction of the foundation pit, use the connecting holes and drainage ports on the hoarding to realize the dewatering of the foundation pit;

S3. After the foundation pit construction is completed, the grouting pipe is used to inject grouting material to the outside of the grouting pipe, and during the curing process of the grouting material, the coaming plate is used as a template for supporting the grouting pipe.

In specific application, it is preferable to set multiple grouting pipes between each retaining plate. For the same grouting area, multiple grouting pipes can reduce the inner diameter of a single grouting pipe to improve grouting. The compressive capacity of the pipe can be used to obtain better grouting effect. At the same time, for the purpose of using the coaming plate to achieve dewatering, multiple grouting pipes can also cover the largest possible drainage area of the foundation pit wall for dewatering.

Further, the grouting pipes between each retaining plate form a grouting area. In order to facilitate the structural stability of the grouting area, it is preferable to set each grouting area with a steel mesh serving as a reinforced skeleton of the grouting material, such as through grouting. The form culminates in a concrete retaining wall comprising a reinforced skeleton.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

This scheme is aimed at the problems of difficult construction and easy to have a great impact on the surrounding environment during the construction of the foundation pit in the sand egg stratum, especially in the construction of the deep foundation pit. It is extremely prone to collapse, and the above solutions are provided. In the specific application of this scheme, the following operation methods are used to achieve the purpose of providing safety protection support for the construction of several structures, providing foundation pit dewatering conditions and improving the stability of the bottom layer around the foundation pit after the foundation pit construction:

S1. Complete the installation of the enclosure plate, the retaining plate and the grouting pipe on the edge of the foundation pit, and use the device to provide support for the wall of the foundation pit. In this step, the enclosure plate and the earth retaining plate are both As the retaining wall on the support, it can be attached to the inner wall of the foundation pit to achieve the purpose of avoiding collapse accidents when excavating the foundation pit. Both ends of the soil slab are supported on the coaming plate at the corresponding position, so a support frame is used to provide support and restraint for the coaming plate in the radial direction of the foundation pit.

S2. During the construction of the foundation pit, use the connecting holes and the drainage port on the hoarding to realize the dewatering of the foundation pit. In this step, for example, in the construction of the underground structure, the sand egg geology is not convenient for setting well point precipitation. As part of the retaining wall, there are communicating holes and drainage ports on the hoarding to realize the dewatering of the foundation pit. In the specific structural design, the hoarding is set as a hollow structure, in order to consider that the communicating holes are actually the water inlet on the hoarding. The water outlet is actually the water outlet on the hoarding, and the design of the above inlet holes should actually be considered to be set as many as possible and cover the area as large as possible, so that the problem from the formation can be solved to a certain extent. The water body is introduced into the hoarding plate from a local part of the hoarding plate, which causes the problem that large-area holes are formed in the stratum due to the scouring of the water body. The water comes from the enclosure plate, so in the specific application, the communication hole is set to cover the entire surface of the outer plate.

S3. After the foundation pit construction is completed, the grouting pipe is used to inject grouting material to the outside of the grouting pipe, and during the solidification process of the grouting material, the coaming plate is used as a template for supporting the grouting pipe. This scheme is adopted for the foundation pit. Precipitation inevitably forms a cavity on the wall of the foundation pit. Using the grouting pipe, the pressurized grouting material can fill the cavity. By increasing the density of the wall of the foundation pit, the stability of the stratum around the foundation pit can be achieved. .

Description of drawings

1 is a front view of a specific embodiment of the construction device for the safe construction of underground structures according to the present invention and is a schematic diagram of a partial structure, used to reflect the matching relationship between the support frame and the enclosure;

2 is a partial schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the construction device for the safe construction of underground structures according to the present invention, and the schematic diagram is used to reflect the structural composition of the coaming plate part;

3 is a top view of a specific embodiment of the construction device for the safe construction of underground structures according to the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a grouting pipe in a specific embodiment of the construction device for safe construction of an underground structure according to the present invention.

The reference signs in the figure are: 1, enclosure plate, 2, cross bar, 3, vertical rod, 4, threaded barrel, 5, threaded rod, 6, backing plate, 7, mud discharge port, 8, connecting pipe, 9, water injection port, 10, grouting pipe, 101, grouting hole, 11, steel mesh, 12, water tank, 13, drain outlet, 14, plug, 15, connecting hole, 16, filter screen, 17, support plate , 18, lifting ring, 19, bolt hole, 20, sleeve, 21, retaining plate.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples, but the structure of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Example 1:

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the construction device for the safe construction of underground structures includes a foundation pit support assembly, and the foundation pit support assembly includes a plurality of support plates arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction of the foundation pit , the support plate includes a plurality of enclosure plates 1 and a plurality of retaining plates 21;

The earth retaining plates 21 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the foundation pit, a surrounding plate 1 is arranged between any two adjacent earth retaining plates 21, and the outer side of each surrounding plate 1 is pressed against the corresponding two earth retaining plates. on the inner side of plate 21;

The enclosure 1 is a hollow plate-like structure;

The enclosure plate 1 includes an outer plate for connecting with the foundation pit and an inner plate close to the center of the foundation pit, the outer plate is provided with a plurality of communication holes 15 penetrating the inner and outer sides of the outer plate; A water outlet 13 is opened through the inner and outer sides of the inner side panel;

A vertically arranged grouting pipe 10 is arranged in the gap between any two adjacent earth retaining plates 21 , and a plurality of grouting holes arranged along the axis of the grouting pipe 10 are arranged on the grouting pipe 10 . 101 , the outlet end of the grouting hole 101 faces the side of the grouting pipe 10 away from the enclosure plate 1 .

This scheme is aimed at the problems of difficult construction and easy to have a great impact on the surrounding environment during the construction of the foundation pit in the sand egg stratum, especially in the construction of the deep foundation pit. It is extremely prone to collapse, and the above solutions are provided. In the specific application of this scheme, the following operation methods are used to achieve the purpose of providing safety protection support for the construction of several structures, providing foundation pit dewatering conditions and improving the stability of the bottom layer around the foundation pit after the foundation pit construction:

S1. Complete the installation of the enclosure plate 1, the earth retaining plate 21 and the grouting pipe 10 on the edge of the foundation pit, and use the device to provide support for the wall of the foundation pit. In this step, the enclosure plate 1, The retaining plates 21 are all used as retaining walls on the support, and are attached to the inner wall of the foundation pit to achieve the purpose of avoiding collapse accidents when excavating the foundation pit. In the direction, both ends of each earth retaining plate 21 are supported on the enclosure plate 1 at the corresponding position, so a support frame is used to provide support and restraint for the enclosure plate 1 in the radial direction of the foundation pit.

S2. During the construction of the foundation pit, use the communication holes 15 and the drainage port 13 on the enclosure plate 1 to realize the dewatering of the foundation pit. In this step, for example, in the construction of the underground structure, the sand egg geology is inconvenient to set the problem of well point precipitation , adopting the opening of communicating holes 15 and drains 13 on the enclosure plate 1 as a component of the retaining wall to realize the dewatering of the foundation pit. In the specific structural design, the enclosure plate 1 is set as a hollow structure, in order to consider: the actual The top is the water inlet hole on the coaming plate 1, the drain 13 is actually the water outlet hole on the coaming plate 1, and the design of the above water inlet holes should actually be considered to be set as many as possible and the coverage area is as large as possible, so that , it can solve the problem that the water body from the formation is introduced into the coaming plate 1 by the local concentration of the coaming plate 1 to a certain extent, resulting in the formation of large-area holes in the stratum due to the scouring of the water body. The interior is converged and then discharged through the drain port 13 to facilitate the collection and extraction of the effluent from the enclosure plate 1. Therefore, in the specific application, the communication hole 15 is set to cover the entire surface of the outer plate.

S3. After the foundation pit construction is completed, the grouting pipe 10 is used to inject grouting material to the outside of the grouting pipe 10, and during the curing process of the grouting material, the enclosure plate 1 is used as a template for supporting the grouting pipe 10, and this scheme is adopted , in view of the unavoidable formation of voids located on the walls of the foundation pit due to precipitation of the foundation pit, using the grouting pipe 10, the pressurized grouting material can fill the voids. the purpose of stability.

In the specific application of this scheme, the enclosure 1 can be made of multiple plates. For example, according to the internal design, for the scheme without the filter screen 16, six flat plates can be welded. 16. The maintenance plan is set as one of the plates is bolted to the connecting plate, etc.

Example 2:

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, this embodiment is further limited on the basis of Embodiment 1: in order to use this device to form all protection for the walls of the foundation pit, it is set as follows: the enclosure plate 1 and the retaining plate 21 enclose In a cylindrical structure, a vertically arranged sealing strip is arranged between each enclosure plate 1 and the earth retaining plate 21 in contact with it. With this solution, using the sealing strips, the circulation path of the foundation pit precipitation is limited to passing through the enclosure plate 1. In this way, such as well point precipitation and control of the flow rate of well point precipitation, it is convenient for those skilled in the art to obtain a balance point: namely To meet the needs of precipitation, it also meets the consideration of the safety of the surrounding bottom layer, such as by controlling the water flow of the water outlet 13 to achieve the above purpose.

In order to facilitate the collection of water from the enclosure 1 and the above balance point control, it is set as follows: the inner side of the bottom of each enclosure 1 is provided with a water tank 12 fixed on the inner side panel, and the outlet end of the water outlet 13 is located in the water tank 12;

The fluid conducting capacity of the water outlet 13 on each enclosure plate 1 can be adjusted.

As a specific solution for the adjustable fluid conduction capacity of the drainage port 13, it is set as follows: the number of the drainage ports 13 on each enclosure 1 is multiple, and on each enclosure 1, some or all of the drainage ports 13 The blocking state is adjustable. In this solution, a plurality of drainage ports 13 are used to form the water outlet flow adjustment of the enclosure plate 1 , and the specific adjustment method adopts the method of blocking some of the drainage ports 13 . In the specific application, if the drainage of the foundation pit does not meet the safety requirements, the state in which all the drainage ports 13 above are blocked can be adopted.

As mentioned above, in the specific implementation of this solution, in order to realize the multi-gradient adjustable drainage flow of the enclosure 1 through the drain port 13, it is preferable to set the number of drain ports 13 as much as possible. The water-conducting capacity of the edge of the pit can avoid the concentrated water-conducting leading to the local holes of the foundation pit being too large and expanding the influence of the excavation of the foundation pit on the bottom layer. 13. The anti-blocking scheme is configured as follows: it further includes a filter screen 16 arranged in the hollow space of each enclosure plate 1. In the thickness direction of the enclosure plate 1, the filter screen 16 divides the hollow space into an outer cavity and a The inner cavity, the outer cavity is the cavity between the filter screen 16 and the outer plate, and the inner cavity is the cavity between the filter screen 16 and the inner plate;

It also includes a mud discharge port 7 connected to the bottom side of the enclosure plate 1, and the inlet end is connected with the inner cavity;

It also includes a water injection port 9 connected to the enclosure plate 1, and the outlet end is connected to the inner cavity;

Both the mud discharge port 7 and the water injection port 9 are provided with cut-off devices for controlling their respective on-off states. In this solution, the filter screen 16 is used as the filter element between the communication hole 15 and the drain port 13, so as to avoid the drain port 13 being blocked due to the introduction of sand, mud, etc. Blocking; set to include the mud discharge port 7 and the water injection port 9, aiming to achieve: periodically or when necessary, inject cleaning water through the water injection port 9 to clean the outer cavity, and then discharge from the mud discharge port 7; It is arranged to also include a cut-off device, aiming to realize the cut-off of the mud discharge port 7 under unnecessary circumstances, and the fluid is only concentrated in the water tank 12 and extracted by a general pump body; the positions of the above mud discharge port 7 and water injection port 9 are limited, and the purpose is Cover the entire filter surface of the filter screen 16 with the above cleaning water as much as possible; the setting of the above cut-off device is not only intended to achieve the above purpose of limiting the flow, but also can be used as a temporary storage space for sand and mud entering the enclosure 1 through the outer cavity , for example, using the sand and mud accumulated in the outer cavity at a certain time interval to judge the influence of the precipitation flow on the formation safety at this time.

As a technical solution for solving the blockage of the communication holes 15 by introducing pressure gas into the hollow space of the enclosure plate 1 under the condition of closing the drain ports 13 and shutting off the cut-off device, it is set as follows: the drain ports 13 are matched with each other. There is a plug 14, and also includes a communication pipe 8 connected to the enclosure plate 1, and the outlet end communicates with the hollow space.

As a technical solution to facilitate the cleaning and maintenance of the filter screen 16 during installation and use: the connection between the filter screen 16 and the enclosure plate 1 is achieved in the following manner: the connection between the filter screen 16 and the enclosure plate 1 is achieved in the following manner: The remaining four surfaces of the enclosure plate 1 are respectively the upper end surface, the lower end surface, the left end surface and the right end surface, and any one of the remaining four surfaces is bolted to the enclosure plate 1;

On the wall surface of the hollow space of the enclosure plate 1, two chutes are arranged in a facing relationship, and the filter screen 16 is clamped in the hollow space through the chutes;

The starting end of the chute is facing the surface where the bolts are connected to the enclosure plate 1 . With this solution, after the bolts connected to the enclosure plate 1 are detached, the removal or installation of the filter screen 16 can be completed by pulling and inserting operations.

It also includes a support plate 17 disposed in the inner cavity, and the filter screen 16 is supported on the support plate 17 as the surface of the inner cavity boundary.

In specific application, it is preferable to set multiple grouting pipes 10 between each retaining plate 21. For the same grouting area, multiple grouting pipes 10 can reduce the inner diameter of a single grouting pipe 10, In order to improve the compressive capacity of the grouting pipe 10 to obtain a better grouting effect, at the same time, for the purpose of using the coaming plate 1 to achieve precipitation, the multiple grouting pipes 10 can also cover as much as possible for the realization of precipitation. Drainage area of foundation pit wall.

Further, the grouting pipes 10 between each retaining plate 21 form a grouting area. In order to facilitate the structural stability of the grouting area, it is preferable that each grouting area is provided with a steel mesh 11 serving as a grouting material reinforcement skeleton, such as: A concrete retaining wall including a reinforced skeleton is finally formed in the form of grouting.

Example 3:

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 , this embodiment is further limited on the basis of Embodiment 1,

As a technical solution to facilitate the confinement of the enclosure plate 1 at the edge of the foundation pit, it is configured as follows: a support frame for supporting the enclosure plate 1 is further included, and the support frame includes a vertical rod 3 and is arranged along the axis direction of the vertical rod 3 A plurality of cross bars 2, the cross bars 2 are used as supports between the vertical bars 3 and the inner side of each enclosure 1, and the length of the cross bars 2 is adjustable; as a kind of cross bars 2 The length is adjustable and easy to adjust The specific scheme, the cross bar 2 includes a threaded barrel 4 and a threaded rod 5 connected in series, the threaded barrel 4 and the threaded rod 5 are threadedly connected and coaxial, the threaded barrel 4 is connected with the vertical rod 3, and the threaded barrel 4 is connected to the vertical rod 3. A backing plate 6 is arranged between the end of the rod 5 and the inner side of the enclosure plate 1;

The backing plate 6 includes: a first plate body that is a steel plate, a second plate body that is a plastic plate or a graphite plate, and a third plate body that is a steel plate. The first plate body is fixedly connected to the threaded rod 5, and the The second plate body is clamped between the first plate body and the third plate body, and the outer side of the bottom plate body is in contact with the inner side of the enclosure plate 1. The structure of this solution is simple, and the second plate body serves as the first plate body and the third plate body. Wear-reducing plates between the plates, so as to realize the relative rotation of the first plate and the third plate;

As a way of balancing the force on both sides of the pole 3, it is convenient to stabilize the position of the pole 3 in space, so that the support frame is a split structure, which is convenient for the position transfer and storage of the support frame, so that the horizontal adjustment can be conveniently adjusted according to specific support needs. The technical solution for the position of the rod 2 is set as follows: it further includes a sleeve 20 sleeved on the vertical rod 3 and capable of sliding along the axis of the vertical rod 3, and two cross rods 2 are fixed on each sleeve 20, and each sleeve The transverse bars 2 on the barrel 20 are all line-symmetrical with respect to the axis of the sleeve 20;

The number of the enclosure plates 1 is an even number, and the enclosure plates 1 are evenly distributed relative to the axis of the vertical rod 3, and the ends of the cross rods 2 on each sleeve 20 all act on the enclosure plate 1 on the corresponding side of the vertical rod 3;

Also included is a locking device for locking the position of the sleeve 20 on the axis of the crossbar 2 . In the above specific structural design, it is set as follows: the number of the enclosure plates 1 is an even number and the rings are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the vertical rods 3. For the force of the vertical rods 3, due to the thrust directions from the different side crossbars 2 On the contrary, the assembly composed of the sleeve 20 and the cross bar 2 can effectively optimize the force of the vertical bar 3 and improve the stability of the support frame.

It is arranged that the sleeve 20 can slide along the axis of the vertical rod 3. For example, a detachable lifting ring 18 is arranged on the upper end of the vertical rod 3. For the setting of the support frame and the assembly of the device, it is convenient to operate as follows, in an economical and reasonable, In the case of easy operation, get a safe and reliable construction solution:

D1. Complete the sleeve setting of all the sleeves 20 on the vertical rod 3, and the sleeves 20 are stacked on the bottom of the vertical rod 3;

Complete the installation of the enclosure plate 1 on the side of the support frame, and make the enclosure plate 1 adhere to the inner side of the earth retaining plate 21;

Complete the installation of the lifting ring 18 on the top of the pole 3;

D2. Adjust the lengths of the cross bars 2 on both sides of the lowermost sleeve 20, so that both ends of the cross bars 2 form a support relationship with the corresponding side wall 1. Using the above support relationships, the position of the vertical bar 3 in space and Maintain the strength of the pole 3;

D3. Using the hoisting tool hung on the hoisting ring 18, lift the cross bar 2 on the upper sleeve 20 of the lowermost sleeve 20 in turn, so that the corresponding sleeve 20 moves with the cross bar 2 on it to the required vertical bar 3 axis positions;

The specific lifting is as follows: after the uppermost sleeve 20 is lifted first and the axis position is determined, after adjusting the length of the cross bar 2 to restrain the corresponding side wall 1, the corresponding locking device is used to complete the one fixed on the vertical rod 3. Then, in the order of the arrangement of the sleeves 20, the position adjustment of each sleeve 20 on the vertical rod 3 is completed in turn from top to bottom, and the length of the cross rod 2 is adjusted to constrain the hoarding plate 1 and the position on the vertical rod 3 fixed.

The lifting ring 18 is detachable, so that the vertical rod 3 can be erected at the installation position first in the form of a polished rod, and then the upper end of the vertical rod 3 is used to complete the setting of each sleeve 20, and then the lifting ring 18 is installed. Each sleeve 20 provides a lifting point at the top end of the pole 3 .

In the specific structure limitation and operation mode, the use of the horizontal bar 2 on the lowermost sleeve 20 can realize the use of the enclosure plate 1 to form an anti-fall constraint for the support state of the vertical bar 3. In this way, in the subsequent lifting of the sleeve 20 At this time, the vertical rod 3 can be kept in a relatively stable state until the position adjustment of all the sleeves 20 is completed. The anti-fall restraint and the completion of subsequent hoisting have the characteristics of convenient operation and good economy. For the fixed position of the sleeve 20 , the number of bolt holes 19 corresponding to the number of the sleeve 20 can be set in the axial direction of the vertical rod 3 . The purpose of fixing can be achieved by forming a pin connection relationship with the vertical rod 3 .

The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be considered that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains, other embodiments obtained without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The construction device used for the safe construction of the underground structure comprises a foundation pit support assembly, and the foundation pit support assembly comprises a plurality of support plates arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction of the foundation pit, wherein the The support plate includes a plurality of enclosure plates (1) and a plurality of earth retaining plates (21); The earth retaining plates (21) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the foundation pit, and a surrounding plate (1) is arranged between any two adjacent earth retaining plates (21). Both are extruded on the inner side of the corresponding two earth retaining plates (21); The enclosure plate (1) is a hollow plate-like structure; The enclosure plate (1) includes an outer plate for connecting with the foundation pit and an inner plate close to the center of the foundation pit, and the outer plate is provided with a plurality of communication holes (15) penetrating the inner and outer sides of the outer plate; The inner side plate is provided with a water outlet (13) penetrating the inner side and the outer side of the inner side plate; Vertically arranged grouting pipes (10) are arranged in the gap between any two adjacent earth retaining plates (21), and a plurality of grouting pipes (10) along the grouting pipes (10) are arranged on the grouting pipes (10). Grouting holes (101) arranged in the axial direction, the outlet ends of the grouting holes (101) face the side of the grouting pipe (10) away from the enclosure plate (1). 2 . The construction device for safe construction of underground structures according to claim 1 , wherein the enclosure plate ( 1 ) and the earth retaining plate ( 21 ) enclose a cylindrical structure, and each enclosure plate ( 1 ) and Vertically arranged sealing strips are arranged between the earth retaining plates (21) in contact therewith. 3. The construction device for safe construction of an underground structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, a water tank (12) fixed to the inner side plate is provided on the inner side of the bottom of each coaming plate (1), and the water outlet ( The outlet end of 13) is located in the water tank (12); The fluid conduction capacity of the water outlet (13) on each enclosure plate (1) can be adjusted. 4. The construction device for safe construction of an underground structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, the number of drainage outlets (13) on each coaming plate (1) is multiple, and the number of drains (13) on each coaming plate (1) The blocking state of some or all of the water outlets (13) can be adjusted. 5. The construction device for safe construction of an underground structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a filter screen (16) arranged in the hollow space of each enclosure (1), In the plate thickness direction, the filter screen (16) divides the hollow space into an outer cavity and an inner cavity, the outer cavity is a cavity between the filter screen (16) and the outer plate, and the inner cavity is The cavity is the cavity between the filter screen (16) and the inner side plate; It also includes a mud discharge port (7) connected to the bottom side of the enclosure plate (1), and the inlet end is connected with the inner cavity; It also includes a water injection port (9) connected to the enclosure plate (1), and the outlet end is connected to the inner cavity; Both the mud discharge port (7) and the water injection port (9) are provided with cut-off devices for controlling their respective on-off states. 6. The construction device for safe construction of underground structures according to claim 5, characterized in that, each water outlet (13) is matched with a plug (14), and further comprises an outlet connected to the enclosure plate (1). A communication pipe (8) whose end is communicated with the hollow space. 7. The construction device for safe construction of underground structures according to claim 5, characterized in that, the connection between the filter screen (16) and the enclosure plate (1) is achieved by the following manner: the rest of the enclosure plate (1) The four faces are the upper end face, the lower end face, the left end face and the right end face, and any one of the remaining four faces is bolted to the enclosure plate (1); On the wall surface of the hollow space of the enclosure plate (1), two chutes are arranged in a facing relationship, and the filter screen (16) is clamped in the hollow space through the chutes; The starting end of the chute is directly opposite to the surface where the bolt is connected to the enclosure plate (1). 8 . The construction device for safe construction of underground structures according to claim 5 , further comprising a support plate ( 17 ) arranged in the inner cavity, and the filter screen ( 16 ) serves as a boundary of the inner cavity. 9 . The surface is supported on the support plate (17). 9 . The construction device for safe construction of underground structures according to claim 1 , further comprising a support frame for supporting the hoarding plate ( 1 ), the support frame comprising a vertical rod ( 3 ) and A plurality of transverse rods (2) arranged in the axial direction of the vertical rods (3), the transverse rods (2) are used as supports between the vertical rods (3) and the inner side of each enclosure plate (1), and the transverse rods ( 2) The length is adjustable; the cross bar (2) includes a threaded barrel (4) and a threaded rod (5) connected in series, the threaded barrel (4) and the threaded rod (5) are threadedly connected and coaxial, so The threaded barrel (4) is connected with the vertical rod (3), and a backing plate (6) is provided between the end of the threaded rod (5) and the inner side of the enclosure plate (1); The backing plate (6) comprises: a first plate body that is a steel plate, a second plate body that is a plastic plate or a graphite plate, and a third plate body that is a steel plate, and the first plate body is fixed to the threaded rod (5). connection, the second plate body is clamped between the first plate body and the third plate body, and the outer side of the bottom plate body is in contact with the inner side of the enclosure plate (1); Also included is a sleeve (20) sleeved on the upright rod (3) and capable of sliding along the axis of the upright rod (3), two cross bars (2) are fixed on each sleeve (20), and each sleeve (20) is The transverse rods (2) on the cylinder (20) are all line-symmetrical with respect to the axis of the sleeve; The number of the enclosure plates (1) is an even number, and the enclosure plates (1) are evenly distributed with respect to the axis of the vertical rod (3), and the ends of the cross rods (2) on each sleeve (20) act on the vertical rod (2). 3) On the coaming plate (1) on the corresponding side; It also includes a locking device for realizing the position locking of the sleeve on the axis of the cross bar (2). 10. A construction method for safe construction of underground structures, characterized in that, the method is based on the device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the method is realized by the following steps: S1. Complete the installation of the enclosure plate (1), the earth retaining plate (21) and the grouting pipe (10) on the edge of the foundation pit, and use the device to provide support for the wall of the foundation pit; S2. During the construction of the foundation pit, use the communicating holes (15) and the drainage port (13) on the enclosure plate (1) to realize the dewatering of the foundation pit; S3. After the foundation pit construction is completed, the grouting pipe (10) is used to inject grouting material to the outside of the grouting pipe (10), and during the solidification process of the grouting material, the enclosure plate (1) is used as the grouting pipe (10). ) formwork for support.

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